JPH06115301A - Slip prevention device of wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain a function for a long time and improve durability particularly by arranging endlessly and continuously a grounding part having projections and undulations required for the slip preventing function of a wheel as a slip preventing mechanism. CONSTITUTION:A chain drive body 33 is pushed to be in contact with a tyre 8. A wheel 1 rotates this drive body 33 by riding over the drive body 33 while pushing the contact therewith downware. so that this rotation may be transmitted to a sprocket which is a drive rotator 32. This rotation is reversed by a pair of transmission gear 34. Accordingly, the rotation is returned in the same direciton as that of the wheel 1 and transmitted to the sprocket of an auxilizry wheel 2 so as to circularly turn the roller chain of the slip prevention mechanism 7. A grounding part 72 is provided on each link metal in this roller chain, and grounded aside the tread of the wheel 1. Such projections as spikes and the like are provided on this grounding part 72 to be stuck into an ice plate on a road surface 9 and the slip prevention function is exhibited to receive a thrust.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an anti-slip device for wheels used in slippery roads and other slippery places.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, spiked tires and snow chains have been used as anti-skid devices for wheels of automobiles and the like. Since these are troublesome to attach and detach, they are often used as they are even when they are not needed, and there are drawbacks such as damage to the road surface, wasteful consumption of fuel, and poor riding comfort.
In order to solve these drawbacks, many attempts have been made as a device to be used only in an arbitrary place, as a method of planting anti-slip claws (spikes) on small pieces to form anti-slip pieces and stepping them on wheels. For example, there are the following patent documents. (A) DE, B, 1162216 (Dipl-Ing. Han) for those using a circular motion and a rubber tread.
ns Schnitzler) 30 January. 1964
(30.01.64) (b) FR-A-784469 (LE ROUX) 22. For an endless belt with a rigid anti-slip member rigidly attached and used. ju
l. 1935 or DE-A-28220016 (HANDL) 15. No
v. 1979 However, in these methods, in order to insert the slip prevention piece under the wheel, a distance is required between the claw and the mounting position of the small piece, which increases the size of the slip prevention piece. Also, since the anti-slip pieces were large, there was no suitable storage method. Since the anti-slip piece collides with the undulations of the road surface, a soft material such as a rubber piece was used. Therefore, the anti-skid function became uncertain and unstable by stepping on and off, stepping on deeply and shallowly. Further, in order to increase the friction coefficient between the anti-slip pieces and the tire, it is necessary to lengthen the protruding length of the claws, but the longer the length, the more scratching and damage the tire, so there was a limit. Also, even with short claws, the tires were damaged depending on the time of use.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] There are the following five problems to be solved. Large anti-slip pieces make it difficult to secure space for storage when not in use. The anti-slip pieces are twisted under the tread of the wheel and damaged. Anti-slip function becomes uncertain and unstable. Anti-skid function is small and limited. Tires are damaged depending on the time of use.

The causes of these problems are to obtain the following two forces, the driving force for driving from the wheel side through the anti-slip pieces, the road surface reaction force that becomes the propulsive force of the wheel, and both in the ground contact surface of the wheel. There is something I did. That is, it is because the driving force and the reaction force are to be obtained at the same place. The sign of driving force (or propulsion force) is positive and negative in acceleration and braking, respectively.

[0005]

The present invention is characterized in that a rotating body is used to obtain the two forces from different places. First, in order to obtain the driving force, the position of the driving body 33 is selected at a place where the impact due to the undulation of the road surface is small. on the other hand,
In order to exert an effective reaction force, the slip prevention mechanism 7 has its own grounding surface independent of the wheel 1. That is, the solution is to divide the places for the two forces. The anti-slip mechanism 7 which receives a propulsive force from the road surface can propel an axle or a wheel by a member such as an ascending / descending arm, or can apply a force to a contact point with the wheel to propel the wheel. The embodiment for practical use and specific means for further increasing efficiency according to changes in conditions will be described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the driving body 33 is pressed against a part of a tire or a wheel, the contacted body 13 mounted on the wheel or an axle is used, or driven by a dedicated device. Then, the driving body 33 is moved to obtain a driving force. The direction and speed of the driving force are adjusted and transmitted to rotate the auxiliary wheel 2. The anti-slip mechanism 7 rotated by the auxiliary wheel 2 has its own tread to exert its anti-slip function and obtain a reaction force from the road surface. Therefore, the anti-slip mechanism 7 receives a propulsive force without slipping on the road surface 9, and the axle and the wheels receive the propulsive force via a member connecting them. In addition, the lifting device is a slip prevention mechanism 7
By lifting up and down via the lifting arm, the same function as chain attachment / detachment is performed, and the ground pressure necessary for exerting propulsive force is secured during use.

In some cases, as described in claim 2, an endless anti-slip mechanism 7 such as a tire borders around the auxiliary wheel 2 to determine the number of the auxiliary wheel 2 and the anti-slip mechanism 7 and the ground contact area. Further, the ground contact area of the ground contact portion 72 is increased to improve the slip prevention function (see FIG. 6). Adjacent surfaces of adjacent rotating bodies that rotate in the same direction move in opposite directions, so that ice debris that has adhered to them is removed and the braking effect is prevented from decreasing. In addition, the ground contact area is increased to increase the probability of hitting road protrusions and improve the anti-slip effect.

In some cases, an endless body hung around the auxiliary wheel 2 is used as the main body of the anti-slip mechanism 7 to secure a desired ground contact area and improve the anti-slip function as shown in FIG. (See FIGS. 4, 5, 10 and 12). In some cases, a plurality of endless bodies are provided with various undulations and protrusions to be used for the slip prevention mechanism 7. When the anti-slip mechanism 7 is attached by changing the undulation pattern and the material of the protrusion for each place, the anti-slip function can be provided with variety.

In some cases, as described in claim 4, a steel material having a C-shaped cross section is formed into an arbitrary smooth closed curve as the guide 21 of the auxiliary wheel, and a large number of auxiliary wheels 2 are incorporated into the closed curve. Around the auxiliary wheel, the anti-slip mechanism 7 is attached to the auxiliary wheel.
Attach and rotate. As in the ninth embodiment (see FIG. 13), the linear shape of the closed curve of the locus of the auxiliary wheel 2 can be freely drawn to facilitate storage.

In some cases, as in claim 5, the auxiliary wheel 2 is formed into a sprocket, and an endless chain is used as the belt-shaped anti-slip mechanism 7 (see FIG. 1). The teeth of the sprocket are constantly cleaned by pushing the ice and mud adhering to the chain from the link hole in the freezing road, preventing the increase or drop of the load and maintaining the anti-slip function during long-term use. To do.

In some cases, the auxiliary wheel 2 and the drive rotor 3
When the number of 2 is plural, these are arranged alternately. Shorten the distance between the two rotating surfaces. Improves rigidity against twisting due to undulations on the road surface.

[0012] In some cases, by providing separate anti-slip devices in front of and behind the wheel 1, the ground contact area can be easily increased,
Moreover, it is possible to easily move up and down by swinging around the axle 52.

In some cases, as in claim 6, a plurality of drive rotors 32 are used, and a drive body 33 is wound around each drive rotor 32 like a tire. By directly pressing against the tire surface of No. 1 (see FIG. 10) or pressing against the contacted body 13 mounted on the wheel of the wheel or the axle 52, the driving body 33 is rotated, and thereby the anti-slip mechanism 7 is rotated. . It becomes easy to adjust the timing of braking and accelerating the wheel 1 and that of the anti-slip mechanism 7 with a simple mechanism, and the braking effect is enhanced. When the driving body 33 is brought into contact with the wheel 1 to obtain a rotational force, the mechanism is similar to the relationship between the slip prevention mechanism 7 and the road surface 9.

In some cases, as described in claim 7, the endless belt-shaped drive body 33 is hung around the plurality of drive rotors 32 and brought into contact with a part of the wheel 1 to take out the drive force. . The strip increases the contact area and lowers the contact pressure, reducing damage on both the contact and contacted sides.

In some cases, an endless chain is used as the drive body 33, and the drive rotor 32 of the sprocket is rotated to rotate the anti-slip mechanism 7. This is as seen in Example 1 (see FIG. 1), the driving contact 3
Always clean the deposits on item 3 to improve durability.

In some cases, the wheel 1 is provided with the contacted body 13, the drive body 33 is brought into contact with the wheeled body 13 to rotate, and the anti-slip mechanism 7 is rotated. If a dedicated rotating body is attached, the cushioning mechanism can be simplified as seen in Examples 7, 8 and 9 (see FIGS. 11, 12 and 13). In addition, depending on the application, it is possible to make the wheel rotate or move differently from the ground contact speed. Especially, if the speed is slower than that of the wheels, the anti-slip function at the time of braking or starting is greatly improved. Further, if the contacted body 13 is formed into a sprocket and the driving force is taken out by the chain, it is possible to prevent the adhesion of ice and mud.

In some cases, the drive device 3 is provided with a separating device and a clutch to stop the rotation of the auxiliary wheel 2 when not in use to improve the durability of the device.

Depending on the case, a posture retainer made of resin such as Teflon having a smooth curved surface is prepared, and when it is provided on the retainer 61 and hits the contact portion of the wheel as in claim 10, it is pressed against the wheel to advance. It is possible to prevent a shake that is orthogonal to the direction. Therefore, since the lateral rigidity of the device is not required to be self-sustaining, the device is extremely lightweight and the size is small. When a rotating body such as a steel ball is used for the posture holder, the contact pressure can be increased and the lateral rigidity of the device can be further reduced.

In some cases, the size of the device is reduced by providing a gear that shares a shaft with the drive rotor 32 and providing the shaft of the gear that is paired with the gear inside the closed curve of the endless drive contact body 33. .

In some cases, the basic parts of the present invention (driving device 3, driving rotor 32, auxiliary wheel 2 and anti-slip mechanism 7)
Is stored in the planned exclusive space of the wheel (space within the width of the wheel in front of the wheel). The undulation of the road surface is interlocked with the wheel 1 to overcome the undulation, simplifying the cushioning mechanism and improving durability.

In some cases, if a rubber material is used as the driving body 33 or a rubber material is provided on the contact side, the wear on the contacted side is reduced. Since it is easy to embed undulations and spikes having different shape dimensions of protrusions, the rubber material expands the conditions of the road surface to which the present invention is applied.

In some cases, when the front of the retainer 61 made of steel plate is folded back in a U shape, the drive rotor 32 and the auxiliary wheel 2 are protected, and the rotation shafts of these are locked at both ends, so that the rotation is prevented. Becomes smoother and durability is improved.

[0023]

According to the present invention, a propulsive force is applied to a wheel through a tire, a connecting member, or the like, and the following actions are obtained by the above means. Since the anti-slip mechanism 7 moves independently of the wheels, the wheels 1
Since it is not limited by the tread of, the ground pressure and friction coefficient can be selected in a wide range. Since the slip prevention mechanism 7 directly contacts the road surface at the ground contact portion 72, no twist occurs. Therefore, the durability is improved. Since there is no stepped portion under the tire, the lifting operation and device are simplified. Since the anti-slip piece for connecting the mounting portion and the actual trampling-proof anti-slip portion (the claws planted in rubber) is not required, the device becomes smaller. Therefore, the mechanism for raising and lowering during storage and buffering becomes simple. Since the device is simple and lightweight, the energy loss during use is significantly reduced. Since there is no stepping failure due to the unstable deformation as seen in the conventional rubber piece anti-slip blade, the anti-slip function is surely exhibited. The projections of the anti-slip mechanism 7 are long and sharp to greatly improve the anti-slip function. Even if the anti-slip function is improved, the wheel 1 and the tire are not damaged.

The driving body 33 in each of the above means is as follows. Since the driving body 33 is arranged at an independent position and performs only the driving function, the driving force can be surely controlled. The contact area is kept constant, reducing damage to tires and wheel components. The storing operation of the drive device is not required, and the buffer mechanism of the entire device is simplified. Since it is located at an appropriate position sufficiently above the road surface, the driving device 3 caused by undulations on the road surface, scattered objects, deformed ice, etc.
To prevent damage and increase durability.

Further, the elevating device can ensure the anti-slip function by applying a desired ground pressure even if the friction coefficient between the wheel 1 and the road surface 9 is limited. If you increase the ground pressure, the wheels will gradually lift up,
Depending on the design, the wheel load can be increased until the wheel load is fully received (the wheel load of the wheel 1 is eliminated), and the slip prevention function can be improved. It should be noted that if a design with sufficient lifting allowance is used, it can be used as a jig for passing over rough terrain or for wheel replacement.

[0026]

1 is a perspective view of a main part of the device of the present invention in a use state as shown in FIG. 1, in which a chain driving body 33 is pressed against and brought into contact with a tire 8. The wheel 1 rides on the driving body 33, rotates while pushing down the contact portion, and transmits it to the sprocket, which is the driving rotor 32. This rotation is reversed by the pair of transmission gears 34.
Therefore, it is returned in the same direction as the rotation of the wheel 1 and transmitted to the sprocket of the auxiliary wheel 2, and the roller chain of the anti-slip mechanism 7 orbits. In this roller chain, each link metal is provided with a grounding portion 72, which is grounded beside the tread of the wheel 1. A protrusion such as a spike is provided on the ground contact portion to stab an ice plate on the road surface 9 to exert a slip preventing function and receive a propulsive force. Therefore, in the case of forward movement, the whole portion surely moves forward, so that the mounting portion of the axle 52 is pulled forward and the wheel 1
Goes forward. In the case of braking, the wheels 1 stop the rotation of the drive rotor 32 and the rotation of the anti-slip mechanism 7 via the driving body 33. When the elevating arm 61 has high rigidity in addition to the horizontal component of the contact pressure of the driving body 33, the elevating arm 61 pushes the axle 52 to stop the wheel 1. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a component diagram in which the apparatus of the first embodiment is disassembled. The lifting device 6 is operated to move the lifting arm 62 to move the retainer 61 up and down. A drive rotor 32, a transmission gear 34, an auxiliary wheel 2 and the like are attached to the retainer. The perspective view of the whole in use is as shown in FIG.

The second embodiment of the device of the present invention uses the driving rotor 32 of the first embodiment as a roller and the driving body 33 as an undulating belt, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. The contact area increases and the driving force increases.

The third embodiment of the device of the present invention is provided in front of and behind the wheel as shown in the side view of FIG. The same anti-skid function can be obtained when moving forward and backward, and since the ground contact area is doubled, the anti-skid function is also doubled. If a transmission gear that reverses the rotation of the drive rotor 32 is installed near the drive rotor 32, the entire apparatus becomes compact.

A side view of the main part of the device of the present invention in use in Example 4 is as shown in FIG. 6, in which an endless chain is pressed against a tire to rotate the drive rotor 32. A series of devices from the rotating drive rotor 32 to the anti-slip mechanism 7 is housed within the width of the wheel 1 (the lifting arm 62 is located on the side surface of the wheel 1). A large wheel load on the wheel 1 also receives a large ground pressure on the ground contact portion 72, so that it is easy to improve the anti-slip function, and the device is supported by the tire, so that the function of cushioning and stabilizing is obtained. Even if the depth is deep, the anti-slip function can be exerted.

The side view of the fifth embodiment of the device of the present invention in use is as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in which the drive rotor 32 and the auxiliary wheel 2 form a set. The former is pressed against the tire 8 via the rubber drive rotor 32 attached to the edge, and the latter also contacts the road surface 9 via the rubber anti-slip mechanism 7 attached to the edge. Both are transmission gears 34 using spur gears.
Work together. A side view of the portion of the device is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, if the rigidity of the mounting arm 61 is lowered, the anti-slip mechanism 7 comes into contact with the tire during braking and an effective braking force can be exerted. If the number of drive rotors 32 whose rotation is synchronized via gears is increased, the contact area is increased and the contact pressure is decreased, so that the durability of the tire and the device is increased. The side view in this case is as shown in FIG.

The side view of the sixth embodiment of the device of the present invention in use is as shown in FIG.
2, the drive body 33 attached to each drive rotor 32 is pressed against the tire of the wheel, and the rotation obtained by this is sent to the sprocket on the axle 52 by the chain, and the triangular chain hung on the chain is slip-resistant. As No. 7, hang around the auxiliary wheel 2. The mechanism is simple and exhibits the same cushioning function when moving forward and backward.

A side view of the seventh embodiment of the device of the present invention in use is as shown in FIG. A hollow roller bearing is used as an auxiliary wheel 2, and a rubber tire is covered around this as a ground contact portion. A rubber tire with spikes is used as the anti-slip mechanism. On the other hand, a steel cylinder is used as the contacted body 13 for the wheel 1.
This rotation is transmitted to the driving rotor 32 by the belt-shaped driving body 33, which is brought into contact with the auxiliary wheel 2 to rotate the anti-slip mechanism 7. The hollow diameter provides a lifting allowance, which simplifies the mechanism.

A side view of the eighth embodiment of the device of the present invention in use is as shown in FIG. A steel cylinder as the contacted body 13 is attached to the wheel 1, a chain held by two sprockets as the driving body 33 is brought into contact with the steel cylinder, and the chain of the anti-slip mechanism 7 is brought into contact with the same direction as the wheel. Rotate to.

A side view of the ninth embodiment of the device of the present invention in use is as shown in FIG. A large number of auxiliary wheels 2 are arranged in the guide 21 of C-section steel described in claim 4, and the grounding portion 72 is attached to these. A guide of a glass ski is diverted to manufacture a guide and an auxiliary wheel, and the auxiliary wheel 2 comes into contact with the driving body 33 and rotates. It should be noted that this rotational force attaches the steel cylinder contacted body 13 to the wheel 1 and
Get by pressing 3.

[0035]

As described above, the present invention, while having an extremely simple mechanism, maintains its function for a long time at a practical speed and remarkably improves durability. Therefore, it is possible to realize an optional anti-slip device. In addition, by making the material and pattern of the trampling part or the trajectory of the moving body more diverse, it is possible to provide a device to prevent the wheels from slipping on various road surfaces such as sand, snow, and mud in addition to frozen road surfaces. Be effective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of an apparatus (chain drive) according to a first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of components of the apparatus of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the device of Example 1 in use.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of an apparatus (belt drive) according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the device of Example 3 (arranged before and after the wheel) when in use.

FIG. 6 Device of Example 4 (combination of chain and rotor)
It is a side view at the time of use of.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the device of Example 5 (combination of rotors) when in use.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the main part of the device according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a side view when the number of drive rotors 32 of the device of the fifth embodiment is increased.

FIG. 10 is a side view of Example 6 (the apparatus has a circular motion rotating body on the drive side and endless curvilinear motion on the road surface side, and the axle 52 is arranged inside the endless body).

FIG. 11 is a side view of Example 7 (the apparatus uses a hollow bearing).

FIG. 12 is a side view of the eighth embodiment (in the apparatus, the belt drive body 33 contacts the contacted body 13).

13 is a side view of the ninth embodiment (apparatus is guide 2) FIG.
1).

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wheel 2 Auxiliary Wheel 6 Lifting Device 7 Anti-Slip Mechanism 8 Tire 9 Road Surface 13 Contacted Body 21 Guide 32 Drive Rotor 33 Drive Body 34 Transmission Gear 52 Axle 61 Retainer 62 Lifting Arm 72 Grounding Part

Claims (10)

[Claims] (A) A plurality of rotating bodies having a rotation surface substantially parallel to the rotation surface of the wheel 1 are used. (B) These rotors are the drive rotor 32 and the auxiliary wheel 2
Divided into groups. (C) The driving body 33 is arranged at a position away from the road surface 9. (D) Rotation of the wheel 1 causes the driving body 33 to make an endless motion. (E) The drive body 33 rotates the drive rotor 32. (E) The auxiliary wheel 2 is rotated by the rotation of the drive rotor 32. (F) The endless anti-slip mechanism 7 is caused to endlessly move by the auxiliary wheel 2. (G) A grounding portion 72 having a slip preventing function is provided on the outer side surface of the slip preventing mechanism 7. (H) The ground contact surface of the ground contact portion 72 of the slip prevention mechanism 7 is arranged near the ground contact surface of the wheel 1. (I) An elevating device for raising and lowering the anti-slip function 7 via a connecting member is provided. (J) The grounding portion 72 receives an appropriate grounding pressure by the lifting device during grounding. A slip prevention device for a wheel, wherein the single wheel 1 is configured as described above. 2. The anti-skid device for a wheel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 are used, and an anti-slip mechanism 7 is provided on the outer periphery of each of the auxiliary wheels 2 for circular motion. 3. The anti-skid device for a wheel according to claim 1, wherein the endless belt-shaped anti-slip mechanism 7 orbits a plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 to endlessly move. 4. The rotating body makes an endless motion along a guide formed into a smooth closed curve.
Wheel anti-skid device. 5. The anti-slip mechanism 7 is an endless chain. The anti-skid device for a wheel according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary wheel 2 made of a sprocket goes around the auxiliary wheel 2. 6. The wheel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of drive rotors 32 are used, a drive body 33 is provided on the outer periphery of each drive rotor 32, and the drive body 33 is brought into contact with the rotating wheel 1 to obtain a drive force. Anti-slip device. 7. The wheel according to claim 1, wherein an endless belt-shaped driving body 33 is attached to the outer periphery of the plurality of driving rotors 32, and the driving body 33 is brought into contact with the wheel 1 to obtain a driving force. Anti-slip device. 8. The wheel slip prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the drive rotor 32 is a sprocket, and an endless chain is used as the drive body 33. 9. A contacted body 13 formed on a wheel 1 as a rotating body.
The wheel slip prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the endless drive body 33 is brought into contact with the contacted body 13 and rotated. 10. A retainer 61 is provided with a posture retainer,
2. The anti-slip device for a wheel according to claim 1, wherein the posture holding tool is applied to an arbitrary portion of a rotating wheel to be slid.