JPH06109545A - Color tone inspecting method - Google Patents
Color tone inspecting methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06109545A JPH06109545A JP26168892A JP26168892A JPH06109545A JP H06109545 A JPH06109545 A JP H06109545A JP 26168892 A JP26168892 A JP 26168892A JP 26168892 A JP26168892 A JP 26168892A JP H06109545 A JPH06109545 A JP H06109545A
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- color
- color tone
- sample
- image
- wavelength
- Prior art date
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- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、色調検査方法に係り、
特に粉粒体や液状体等の色調検査に利用できる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a color tone inspection method,
In particular, it can be used for color tone inspection of powders and liquids.
【０００２】[0002]
【背景技術】従来より、樹脂製のパウダーやペレット等
を始めとして各種工業製品においては、色も品質の一つ
として重要なため、各製品毎に色のばらつきが生じてい
ないかを検査していた。また、変質の度合いを色の変化
で検査できる部材等の品質検査として色具合いを測定す
ることもあった。このような被検査物の色調検査には、
通常色差計を用いていた。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in various industrial products such as resin powder and pellets, color is also important as one of the qualities, so it is inspected whether or not there is color variation among products. It was In addition, the color condition is sometimes measured as a quality inspection of a member or the like that can inspect the degree of alteration by color change. For the color tone inspection of such an inspection object,
Normally, a color difference meter was used.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、色差計は、
標準白色板を測定した時のデータを基準として被測定物
の色調を測定するものであるため、標準白色板による校
正が不可欠である。しかしながら、標準白色板による校
正データは光源の強さや方向、質等の状態によって変化
するため、例えば１時間毎に０点及び基準点合せをしな
ければならず、校正作業が煩雑であった。このため、近
年では製造現場において色調管理を行うことが望まれて
いるのにもかかわらず、色差計では校正作業が煩雑なた
め製造現場での色調検査には適していなかった。By the way, the color difference meter is
Since the color tone of the object to be measured is measured based on the data when the standard white plate is measured, calibration with the standard white plate is essential. However, since the calibration data by the standard white plate changes depending on the strength, direction, quality, etc. of the light source, it is necessary to align the 0 point and the reference point every hour, for example, and the calibration work is complicated. Therefore, in recent years, it has been desired to perform color tone management at the manufacturing site, but the color difference meter is not suitable for the color tone inspection at the manufacturing site because the calibration work is complicated.
【０００４】また、一般的な色差計では光源にハロゲン
ランプを使用しているが、ハロゲンランプは高寿命型の
ものでも最大2000時間程度しか持たず、このためランプ
の取替回数が多くなり、この点でもオンライン／インラ
イン等の製造現場における色調検査には不向きであっ
た。Further, although a general color difference meter uses a halogen lamp as a light source, even a long-life type halogen lamp has a maximum of about 2000 hours, which increases the number of times of replacement of the lamp, Also in this respect, it was not suitable for the color tone inspection at the manufacturing site such as online / in-line.
【０００５】さらに、色差計の測定データはＸＹＺ座標
系の値等で表されるが、この座標データでは感覚的な色
合いを評価することが難しく、また光源等が相違すると
同じデータ値でも実際の色合いが微妙に異なることがあ
るため、被検査物の具体的色合いを評価しずらいという
問題もあった。Further, the measurement data of the color difference meter is represented by the values of the XYZ coordinate system, etc., but it is difficult to evaluate the sensational color tone with this coordinate data, and even if the light source and the like are different, the actual data values are the same. There is also a problem that it is difficult to evaluate the specific color tone of the inspection object because the color tone may be slightly different.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、製造現場においても被検
査物の色合い評価を容易に行える色調検査方法を提供す
ることにある。It is an object of the present invention to provide a color tone inspection method capable of easily evaluating the color tone of an object to be inspected even at a manufacturing site.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の色調検査方法
は、光を照射した被検査物からの透過光または反射光を
光検出手段によって検出して被検査物の画像を取込み、
この画像のＲＧＢ信号およびＹ信号をＸＹＺ座標系の値
に変換し、このＸＹＺ座標系の値からＸＹ色度図上の測
定点を求め、ＸＹ色度図上の白色基準点およびスペクト
ル軌跡間の距離に対する前記測定点および白色基準点間
の距離の割合である色度係数と、各色の基準波長に対す
る測定波長の偏差とを求めて被検査物の色調を検査する
ことを特徴とするものである。A color tone inspection method according to the present invention detects a transmitted light or a reflected light from an object to be inspected which is irradiated with light by means of a light detecting means to capture an image of the object to be inspected.
The RGB signal and the Y signal of this image are converted into values in the XYZ coordinate system, measurement points on the XY chromaticity diagram are obtained from the values in the XYZ coordinate system, and the white reference point and the spectrum locus between the XY chromaticity diagram are calculated. The chromaticity coefficient, which is the ratio of the distance between the measurement point and the white reference point with respect to the distance, and the deviation of the measurement wavelength from the reference wavelength of each color are obtained to inspect the color tone of the inspection object. .
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】このような本発明においては、光検出手段によ
って取り込んだ被検査物の画像のＲＧＢ信号及びＹ信号
をＸＹＺ座標系の値に変換し、ＸＹ色度図上の測定点を
求める。次に、ＸＹ色度図上の白色基準点と測定波長に
おけるスペクトル軌跡との間の距離に対する前記測定点
と白色基準点との間の距離の割合をデータ処理装置等に
よって色度係数として求める。また、各色の基準波長に
対する測定波長の偏差もデータ処理装置等によって求め
る。そして、この色度係数及び波長の偏差から被検査物
の色調を評価して検査する。この際、光検出手段によっ
て得られる被検査物の画像データをもとに色調検査を行
っているので、色差計のような校正頻度や光源寿命等の
制限が少なくなり、製造現場での色調検査にも適用可能
である。また、ＸＹＺ座標値ではなく、色度係数や波長
偏差によって被検査物の色調を表しているので、被検査
物の具体的色合いの評価が容易である。In the present invention as described above, the RGB signal and the Y signal of the image of the object to be inspected captured by the light detecting means are converted into the values of the XYZ coordinate system, and the measurement points on the XY chromaticity diagram are obtained. Next, the ratio of the distance between the measurement point and the white reference point to the distance between the white reference point on the XY chromaticity diagram and the spectrum locus at the measurement wavelength is obtained as a chromaticity coefficient by a data processing device or the like. Further, the deviation of the measurement wavelength from the reference wavelength of each color is also obtained by a data processing device or the like. Then, the color tone of the inspection object is evaluated and inspected from the deviation of the chromaticity coefficient and the wavelength. At this time, since the color tone inspection is performed based on the image data of the object to be inspected obtained by the light detecting means, the limitation of the calibration frequency and the light source life such as a color difference meter is reduced, and the color tone inspection at the manufacturing site is reduced. It is also applicable to. Further, since the color tone of the inspection object is represented by the chromaticity coefficient or the wavelength deviation instead of the XYZ coordinate values, it is easy to evaluate the specific shade of the inspection object.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて説
明する。図１には、本発明の色調検査方法を適用した粉
粒体用の色調検査装置１が示されている。色調検査装置
１は、被検査物である粉粒体状の試料が入れられる試料
容器２と、ＣＣＤカラーカメラ３と、反射光用および透
過光用の照明設備４，５と、カラーフィルタ盤６と、カ
ラーデコーダ７と、画像処理装置８と、データ処理装置
９と、外部表示装置１０とを備えている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a color tone inspection device 1 for powder and granular material to which the color tone inspection method of the present invention is applied. The color tone inspection device 1 includes a sample container 2 in which a powdery or granular sample to be inspected is stored, a CCD color camera 3, illumination devices 4 and 5 for reflected light and transmitted light, and a color filter panel 6. A color decoder 7, an image processing device 8, a data processing device 9, and an external display device 10.
【００１０】試料容器２は、色調を検査する試料である
粉粒体が入れられるものであり、ＣＣＤカラーカメラ３
の視野内である所定位置に設置される。なお、この試料
容器２には、測定の繰り返し再現性を維持するために容
器２を定期的に洗浄する機構が設けられ、画像の鮮明度
を保つことができるようにされている。The sample container 2 contains a powder or granular material which is a sample for inspecting the color tone, and the CCD color camera 3
It is installed at a predetermined position within the field of view. The sample container 2 is provided with a mechanism for periodically cleaning the container 2 in order to maintain the reproducibility of repeated measurements so that the sharpness of the image can be maintained.
【００１１】ＣＣＤカラーカメラ３は、色調検査のため
の光検出手段として利用されるＣＣＤ素子搭載のカメラ
であり、検出分解能が高く、長期使用に対しても安定し
て動作する機種が選定されている。また、カラーカメラ
３には、色調検査の際の色基準信号を定期的に測定する
ために、回転盤上に色の異なる数枚のカラーフィルタを
嵌め込んだカラーフィルタ盤６が設けられている。さら
に、カラーカメラ３への電源供給部は、検出精度の向上
を図るために安定化電源が用いられている。The CCD color camera 3 is a camera equipped with a CCD element used as a light detecting means for color tone inspection, and a model having a high detection resolution and stable operation even for long-term use is selected. There is. In addition, the color camera 3 is provided with a color filter board 6 in which several color filters of different colors are fitted on a rotating disk in order to regularly measure a color reference signal at the time of color tone inspection. . Further, the power supply unit to the color camera 3 uses a stabilized power supply in order to improve the detection accuracy.
【００１２】照明設備４，５は、色調検査画像を一定環
境下で測定するための設備であり、使用する条件に応じ
て長寿命で波長の安定したもの、例えば蛍光灯等の高周
波照明、ストロボ光、発光ダイオード等を光源としてい
る。また、測定試料の透明度に応じて透過光や反射光で
照明できるように、反射光用の照明設備４と透過光用の
照明設備５とを使い分けできるようになっている。さら
に、測定精度を向上するために供給電源の安定化や外乱
光の防止等の対策が施され、長期使用による測定値の経
時変化を監視するために受光量の測定装置も併設されて
いる。The lighting equipments 4 and 5 are equipments for measuring a color tone inspection image under a constant environment, and have long life and stable wavelengths depending on the use conditions, for example, high frequency lighting such as a fluorescent lamp and strobe light. The light source is light, a light emitting diode, or the like. Further, the illumination equipment 4 for reflected light and the illumination equipment 5 for transmitted light can be selectively used so that illumination can be performed with transmitted light or reflected light according to the transparency of the measurement sample. Furthermore, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, measures such as stabilization of the power supply and prevention of ambient light are taken, and a device for measuring the amount of received light is also installed to monitor changes over time in measured values over long-term use.
【００１３】カラーデコーダ７は、ＣＣＤカラーカメラ
３から送られるビデオ信号をＲＧＢ信号に色分解し、画
像処理装置８に入力するものである。The color decoder 7 separates a video signal sent from the CCD color camera 3 into RGB signals and inputs the RGB signals to the image processing device 8.
【００１４】画像処理装置８は、カラーデコーダ７から
のＲＧＢ信号およびＹ信号（輝度）に基づいてカラー画
像処理が可能な装置であり、対環境性等の対策が施され
て連続使用が可能な機種が選ばれている。また、画像処
理が高速で処理内容をプログラム化できて自動処理でき
るものが選択されている。なお、カラー画像処理とは、
例えばペレットのような粒の大きな試料を検査する際
に、画像信号から各試料の輪郭線を除去する処理や、各
画像の輝度の頻度分布（ヒストグラム）から高輝度と低
輝度との頻度が同数となるような輝度値を求め、つまり
ＲＧＢ各画像およびＹ信号の重心値を計算してＲＧＢ特
性値を抽出する処理等を行うことである。The image processing device 8 is a device that can perform color image processing based on the RGB signal and the Y signal (luminance) from the color decoder 7, and can be continuously used by taking measures against environmental resistance and the like. The model is selected. In addition, a high-speed image processing is selected so that the processing contents can be programmed and automatically processed. What is color image processing?
For example, when inspecting a sample with large particles such as pellets, the process of removing the contour line of each sample from the image signal, and the frequency distribution (histogram) of the brightness of each image shows that the frequency of high brightness is the same as the frequency of low brightness. That is, a brightness value that satisfies the above condition is obtained, that is, the barycentric value of each of the RGB images and the Y signal is calculated and the RGB characteristic value is extracted.
【００１５】データ処理装置９は、パーソナルコンピュ
ータ等によって構成され、少なくとも画像処理結果の演
算処理と、演算結果の表示と、色調検査装置１のシステ
ム全体の制御と、画像演算処理装置８のマンマシンイン
ターフェースとの４つの機能を有する。The data processing device 9 is composed of a personal computer or the like, and at least arithmetic processing of the image processing result, display of the arithmetic result, control of the entire system of the color tone inspection device 1, and man-machine of the image arithmetic processing device 8. It has four functions with the interface.
【００１６】画像処理結果の演算処理とは、画像処理装
置８で得られるＲＧＢ各画像毎の重心値（特性値）およ
びＹ信号の重心値から、実際に色調を管理するための指
標となる色度係数および波長の偏差を計算するための数
値処理を行い、その結果を外部表示装置１０に出力する
処理である。The calculation processing of the image processing result is a color which is an index for actually managing the color tone from the barycentric value (characteristic value) of each RGB image and the barycentric value of the Y signal obtained by the image processing device 8. This is a process of performing a numerical process for calculating the deviation between the frequency coefficient and the wavelength and outputting the result to the external display device 10.
【００１７】この際、色度係数および波長偏差の計算方
法は、次のようにして行われる。まず、ＲＧＢ特性値お
よびＹ特性値を変換式を用いてＲＧＢ座標系からＸＹＺ
座標系に変換し、図２に示すように、ＸＹＺ座標値から
ＸＹ色度図に表される測定点Ｐ1 を求める。一方、試料
の無い状態での画像、つまり透明な画像より求まる白色
基準点Ｏと、カラーフィルタ盤６の各カラーフィルタに
よって求まる色の基準点Ｓ1 とを事前に測定し、また各
波長毎のスペクトル軌跡Ｌを例えばＪＩＳ Ｚ８７０１
付表１に示すような値から求め、これらの白色基準点
Ｏ、色の基準点Ｓ1 、スペクトル軌跡Ｌの各データをデ
ータベースとしてデータ処理装置９内に予め記憶してお
く。At this time, the calculation method of the chromaticity coefficient and the wavelength deviation is performed as follows. First, the RGB characteristic value and the Y characteristic value are converted from the RGB coordinate system to XYZ using a conversion formula.
The coordinate system is converted, and as shown in FIG. 2, the measurement point P 1 shown in the XY chromaticity diagram is obtained from the XYZ coordinate values. On the other hand, an image without a sample, that is, a white reference point O obtained from a transparent image and a color reference point S 1 obtained by each color filter of the color filter board 6 are measured in advance, and each wavelength is measured. The spectrum locus L is represented by, for example, JIS Z8701.
The data of the white reference point O, the color reference point S 1 and the spectrum locus L are obtained from the values shown in Appendix 1 and stored in the data processing device 9 in advance as a database.
【００１８】次に、白色基準点Ｏから測定点Ｐ1 を通る
直線を引き、スペクトル軌跡Ｌとの交点Ｐ2 を求める。
そして、交点Ｐ2 で１００、基準点Ｏで０となるように
色度係数を設定し、測定点Ｐ1 の色度係数を比例計算で
求める。また、白色基準点Ｏから色の基準点Ｓ1 を通る
直線とスペクトル軌跡Ｌとの交点Ｓ2 における基準波長
λ0 と、交点Ｐ2 における波長λとの偏差（λ0 −λ）
を求める。以上の数値処理をデータ処理装置９で行うこ
とで色度係数および波長偏差が求まる。Next, a straight line passing from the white reference point O through the measurement point P 1 is drawn to obtain an intersection P 2 with the spectrum locus L.
Then, the chromaticity coefficient is set so that it becomes 100 at the intersection point P 2 and 0 at the reference point O, and the chromaticity coefficient at the measurement point P 1 is obtained by proportional calculation. Further, the deviation (λ 0 −λ) between the reference wavelength λ 0 at the intersection S 2 of the straight line passing from the white reference point O through the color reference point S 1 and the spectrum locus L and the wavelength λ at the intersection P 2 .
Ask for. The chromaticity coefficient and the wavelength deviation are obtained by performing the above numerical processing in the data processing device 9.
【００１９】データ処理装置９は、以上の演算結果を外
部表示装置１０に出力するだけでなく、データ処理装置
９に設けられた表示部に直接表示することも可能なよう
に演算結果の表示機能が設けられている。The data processing device 9 not only outputs the above calculation result to the external display device 10 but also displays the calculation result directly so that it can be directly displayed on the display unit provided in the data processing device 9. Is provided.
【００２０】また、データ処理装置９は、画像処理装置
８への画像取り込みのタイミングコントロールや、演算
処理の起動、外部表示装置１０への測定結果の出力等の
システム全体の制御を行う機能も設けられている。な
お、本実施例の色調検査装置１は、試料を試料容器２内
にセットすれば人手を介さずに測定できるので、試料の
搬出までを自動化すればオンラインでの測定も可能とな
る。この場合には、データ処理装置９のカードスロット
ルに試料搬出装置等の各種インターフェースを追加すれ
ば、データ処理装置９でシステム全体のタイミングコン
トロールや入出力信号の管理を行えて色調検査全体を容
易に自動化することができる。The data processing device 9 is also provided with a function of controlling the timing of image capturing into the image processing device 8, activating arithmetic processing, outputting the measurement results to the external display device 10, and controlling the entire system. Has been. Since the color tone inspection apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can perform measurement without human intervention if the sample is set in the sample container 2, it is possible to perform online measurement by automating the delivery of the sample. In this case, if various interfaces such as a sample unloading device are added to the card throttle of the data processing device 9, the data processing device 9 can perform timing control of the entire system and management of input / output signals to facilitate the entire color tone inspection. It can be automated.
【００２１】さらに、データ処理装置９は、画像処理装
置８の画像処理プログラムの作成や各種パラメータの設
定等が行えるように、画像処理装置８のマンマシンイン
ターフェース機能も組み込まれている。Further, the data processing device 9 is also equipped with a man-machine interface function of the image processing device 8 so that the image processing program of the image processing device 8 can be created and various parameters can be set.
【００２２】外部表示装置１０は、色調検査結果を最終
的に利用者に表示する装置であり、化学プラント等に色
調検査装置１を組み込んだ場合には、プラントの計装シ
ステムを外部表示装置１０として利用し、データ処理装
置９から色調検査データを取り込んでその数値を表示し
たり、トレンドグラフとして表示する。このように計装
システムを外部表示装置１０とすることで他の制御ルー
プの監視と同時に色調検査装置１の運転管理も行える。
但し、外部表示装置１０となる計装システムが無い場合
にはデータ処理装置９の表示部にデータを直接表示させ
て監視することも可能である。The external display device 10 is a device for finally displaying the color tone inspection result to the user. When the color tone inspection device 1 is incorporated in a chemical plant or the like, the external instrumentation system of the plant is used as the external display device 10. The color tone inspection data is fetched from the data processing device 9 and its numerical value is displayed, or is displayed as a trend graph. In this way, by using the instrumentation system as the external display device 10, operation control of the color tone inspection device 1 can be performed at the same time as monitoring other control loops.
However, when there is no instrumentation system that serves as the external display device 10, it is possible to directly display the data on the display unit of the data processing device 9 and monitor the data.
【００２３】次に、本実施例の色調検査装置１を用いた
色調検査について説明する。まず、データ処理装置９か
ら画像入力開始信号を出力して画像処理装置８を起動す
る。また、試料容器２に試料となる粉粒体を入れ、この
試料の透明度に応じて照明設備４，５を選択して試料の
照明を行う。Next, a color tone inspection using the color tone inspection apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described. First, the image processing device 8 is started by outputting an image input start signal from the data processing device 9. In addition, a powder or granular material as a sample is put in the sample container 2, and lighting equipments 4 and 5 are selected according to the transparency of the sample to illuminate the sample.
【００２４】ＣＣＤカラーカメラ３によって試料を撮影
し、その撮影画像のＲＧＢ信号をカラーデコーダ７を介
して画像処理装置８に送る。画像処理装置８では、Ｙ信
号（輝度信号）をもとにモノクロ濃淡画像を合成すると
ともに、ペレットのような粒の大きな試料の場合には外
乱成分の除去の為に試料の輪郭線除去処理等の前処理を
行う。そして、ＲＧＢ画像の重心計算を行ってＲＧＢ信
号およびＹ信号の特性値を求め、データ処理装置９に出
力する。The CCD color camera 3 photographs the sample, and the RGB signals of the photographed image are sent to the image processing device 8 via the color decoder 7. The image processing device 8 synthesizes a monochrome grayscale image based on the Y signal (luminance signal), and in the case of a large sample such as a pellet, a contour line removal process of the sample for removing a disturbance component, etc. Pre-processing is performed. Then, the center of gravity of the RGB image is calculated to obtain the characteristic values of the RGB signal and the Y signal, and the characteristic values are output to the data processing device 9.
【００２５】データ処理装置９では、前述のようにＲＧ
Ｂ座標系からＸＹＺ座標系に変換し、色度係数および波
長偏差を求める。この色度係数のうち、青色度係数、黄
色度係数、赤色度係数をＸＹ色度図で示すと図３のよう
になる。この図からも分かるように、色度係数の値によ
って試料の色の純度の高さを認識でき、かつ波長偏差の
値によって色相の変化、つまり青色度係数測定域を例に
とればその試料の青は緑みかかっているのか赤みかかっ
ているのかを認識することができる。In the data processing device 9, as described above, the RG
The B coordinate system is converted to the XYZ coordinate system, and the chromaticity coefficient and the wavelength deviation are obtained. Of the chromaticity coefficients, the blueness coefficient, the yellowness coefficient, and the redness coefficient are shown in an XY chromaticity diagram as shown in FIG. As can be seen from this figure, the high purity of the color of the sample can be recognized by the value of the chromaticity coefficient, and the change of the hue by the value of the wavelength deviation, that is, the blueness coefficient measurement range is taken as an example. Blue can recognize whether it is greenish or reddish.
【００２６】これらの計算結果を数字やグラフ上の点と
して表示し、必要に応じて外部表示装置１０に出力す
る。以上の色調検査を所定回数繰り返したり、試料を取
り替えて繰り返し、各試料の色調検査を行う。The results of these calculations are displayed as numbers or points on a graph and output to the external display device 10 as required. The above-described color tone inspection is repeated a predetermined number of times or the sample is replaced and repeated, and the color tone inspection of each sample is performed.
【００２７】このような本実施例によれば、試料の色調
検査として色度係数および波長偏差を求めているので、
従来のようなＸＹＺ座標値で試料の色調を評価する場合
に比べて具体的色合いを容易に評価でき、ＸＹＺ座標値
から色具合いを判断できるような極めて専門的な作業者
でなくても試料の色調検査を行うことができる。従っ
て、オンライン・インライン等の製造現場における作業
者でも簡単に色調検査を行うことができる。According to the present embodiment as described above, the chromaticity coefficient and the wavelength deviation are obtained as the color tone inspection of the sample.
Compared to the conventional case where the color tone of a sample is evaluated using XYZ coordinate values, the specific color tone can be easily evaluated, and it is not necessary for an extremely professional operator to judge the color tone from the XYZ coordinate values. Color tone inspection can be performed. Therefore, even a worker at a manufacturing site such as online or in-line can easily perform the color tone inspection.
【００２８】また、ＣＣＤカラーカメラ３によって撮影
した画像データをもとに色調検査を行っているので、照
明光源として蛍光灯又はストロボ光等を使用することが
できる。このため、ハロゲンランプを照明光源とする色
差計等に比べてランプ寿命を数倍にでき、長期間取り替
える必要がない。従って、特に製造現場で色調検査を行
う場合に適している。Further, since the color tone inspection is performed based on the image data taken by the CCD color camera 3, it is possible to use a fluorescent lamp or a strobe light as an illumination light source. Therefore, the life of the lamp can be several times longer than that of a color difference meter using a halogen lamp as an illumination light source, and it is not necessary to replace the lamp for a long time. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for a color tone inspection at a manufacturing site.
【００２９】さらに、画像データをもとに色調検査を行
っているので、表面状態が不揃いな粉粒体の色調検査を
行う場合でも輪郭線除去処理等の画像処理を行って外部
からの影響を少なくできる。また、色差計等に比べて高
速で多量の試料を測定することができる。Further, since the color tone inspection is performed based on the image data, even when performing the color tone inspection of the granular material having a non-uniform surface condition, image processing such as contour line removal processing is performed to prevent external influences. Can be reduced. In addition, a large amount of sample can be measured at a higher speed than a color difference meter or the like.
【００３０】また、図３に示すように、ＸＹ色度図上に
おいて各座標値に対する色度係数を予め計算しておくこ
とができるので、この色度係数データをデータベース化
してデータ処理装置９等に記憶しておくこともできる。
このようにすれば測定時にそれぞれ色度係数を比例計算
しなくても色度係数を求めることができ、処理を高速に
行うことができる。Further, as shown in FIG. 3, since the chromaticity coefficient for each coordinate value can be calculated in advance on the XY chromaticity diagram, this chromaticity coefficient data is made into a database and the data processing device 9 or the like. It can also be stored in.
By doing so, the chromaticity coefficient can be obtained without proportionally calculating each chromaticity coefficient at the time of measurement, and the processing can be performed at high speed.
【００３１】さらに、色度係数や波長偏差は白色基準点
Ｏや基準波長λ0 を元に計算されるので、光源を更新し
た時のみ０点および基準点合せをすれば同一試料からは
常に同じ測定データを得ることができる。従って、色差
計のように頻繁に校正する必要がなく、特に色度係数デ
ータをデータベース化すれば光源更新時の０点および基
準点合せから補正値を計算できるので、計算のみで色度
係数や波長偏差を補正することができ、光源更新時にも
容易に対応することができる。このように校正が少なく
て済み、かつ計算のみでデータを補正することができる
ので、製造現場でも容易に利用することができる。Further, since the chromaticity coefficient and the wavelength deviation are calculated based on the white reference point O and the reference wavelength λ 0 , if the 0 point and the reference point are aligned only when the light source is updated, the same sample is always the same. Measurement data can be obtained. Therefore, it is not necessary to calibrate as frequently as a color difference meter, and especially if a database of chromaticity coefficient data is used, a correction value can be calculated from the 0 point and reference point alignment at the time of updating the light source. The wavelength deviation can be corrected, and it is possible to easily cope with the case where the light source is updated. As described above, since the calibration is small and the data can be corrected only by the calculation, it can be easily used at the manufacturing site.
【００３２】また、データ処理装置９等で色調検査装置
１全体を制御することも容易であり、このようにすれば
色調検査を自動測定できて検査効率を著しく向上するこ
とができる。さらに、反射光用および透過光用の各照明
設備４，５を設けたので、試料の透明度に応じて最適な
照明状態で検査することができる。Further, it is easy to control the entire color tone inspection device 1 by the data processing device 9 or the like, and by doing so, the color tone inspection can be automatically measured and the inspection efficiency can be remarkably improved. Furthermore, since the illumination equipments 4 and 5 for reflected light and transmitted light are provided, it is possible to inspect in an optimal illumination state according to the transparency of the sample.
【００３３】なお、本発明は前述の実施例に限定される
ものではなく、本発明の目的を達成できる範囲での変
形、改良等は本発明に含まれるものである。例えば、前
記実施例では光検出手段としてＣＣＤカラーカメラ３を
用いていたが、例えば撮像管等を利用してもよい。要す
るに、光検出手段としては被検査物のカラー画像を撮影
できる種々の撮影デバイスが利用できる。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, etc. within the scope of achieving the object of the present invention are included in the present invention. For example, although the CCD color camera 3 is used as the light detecting means in the above embodiment, for example, an image pickup tube or the like may be used. In short, various photo-taking devices capable of taking a color image of the inspection object can be used as the light detecting means.
【００３４】また、予め色度係数をデータベース化する
場合には、図３に示すように青、赤、黄色の測定域に限
らず緑等の他の色の測定域部分をデータベース化しても
よく、これらは検査対象となる被検査物の種類や色具合
いに応じて適宜設定すればよい。さらに、本発明は、前
記実施例のように粉粒体の色調を検査する場合に限ら
ず、液状体や気体等の種々の被検査物の色調検査に利用
することができる。Further, when the chromaticity coefficient is stored in the database in advance, not only the measurement regions of blue, red and yellow but also the measurement region of other colors such as green may be stored in the database as shown in FIG. However, these may be appropriately set according to the type and color of the inspection object to be inspected. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the case of inspecting the color tone of powder particles as in the above-mentioned embodiment, but can be used for the color tone inspection of various inspected objects such as liquids and gases.
【００３５】次に、本発明の有用性を確認するために行
った実験例および比較例について説明する。この実験例
および比較例では樹脂製の粉粒体を試料とし、樹脂の劣
化度合いの目安となる黄色度合いと、需要の多い青色度
合いの測定をそれぞれ行った。Next, experimental examples and comparative examples conducted to confirm the usefulness of the present invention will be described. In this experimental example and comparative example, resin powder particles were used as samples, and the yellow degree, which is a measure of the degree of deterioration of the resin, and the blue degree, which is in high demand, were measured.
【００３６】樹脂劣化試験における黄色度合いの検査用
の試料Ａとして、粒の細かい粉体試料である出光ポリカ
ーボネート，フレーク（グレードFN2500）を用意した。
この試料をヤマト科学社製空気循環型加熱恒温器ＤＫ４
３に入れ、加熱恒温器の温度を１２５℃に設定し、それ
ぞれ無処理、３００時間後、６００時間後、９００時間
後に取り出して色調検査を行った。なお、この粉体試料
Ａは不透明乳白色で加熱恒温器の滞留時間が増加すると
ともに、淡黄色が強くなる。As a sample A for inspecting the degree of yellowness in the resin deterioration test, Idemitsu polycarbonate and flakes (grade FN2500), which are fine-grained powder samples, were prepared.
This sample is an air circulation heating incubator DK4 manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.
3, the temperature of the heating incubator was set to 125 ° C., untreated, taken out after 300 hours, 600 hours and 900 hours, respectively, and taken out for color tone inspection. The powder sample A is opaque milky white, and the light yellow color becomes stronger as the residence time in the heating incubator increases.
【００３７】一方、青色度合いの検査用の試料Ｂとし
て、出光ポリカーボネート FN2500を原料とし、アンス
ラキノン系の染料であるDiaresint Blue N(Solvent Blu
e 95)をそれぞれ無添加、0.5ppm添加、１ppm 添加、２p
pm 添加し、通常の方法でベント付押出機により造粒し
て作成したペレット試料を用意した。この造粒時に熱劣
化を防止するために酸化防止剤であるイルガノックス１
０１０を５００ppm 添加した。なお、このペレット試料
Ｂは透明であり、染料増加とともに淡青色が強くなる。On the other hand, as a sample B for inspecting the degree of blue color, Diaresint Blue N (Solvent Blu), which is an anthraquinone type dye, made from Idemitsu polycarbonate FN2500 as a raw material.
e 95) each without addition, 0.5ppm addition, 1ppm addition, 2p
pm was added, and a pellet sample prepared by granulating with an extruder with a vent in a usual method was prepared. Irganox 1 which is an antioxidant to prevent thermal deterioration during granulation
010 was added at 500 ppm. The pellet sample B is transparent, and the light blue color becomes stronger as the dye increases.
【００３８】また、実験例の色調検査装置１は、ＣＣＤ
カラーカメラ３として有効画素３８万画素のＳＯＮＹ製
ＣＣＤカメラを用いるなど表１に示す各機器で構成し
た。The color tone inspection device 1 of the experimental example is a CCD.
As the color camera 3, a Sony CCD camera having 380,000 effective pixels was used.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３９】なお、表１のカラーカメラ３、画像処理装
置８、データ処理装置９、カラービデオコピー装置は、
日本電子社製「カラー・イメージモニター ＪＣＩ−３
０」として製品化されているものを使用した。また、照
明については、前記粉体試料Ａのような不透明試料につ
いては照明設備４を用いて反射照明（落射照明）を行
い、前記ペレット試料Ｂのような透明原料に染料で着色
したものには照明設備５を用いて透過照明を行った。The color camera 3, the image processing device 8, the data processing device 9 and the color video copying device shown in Table 1 are
"Color image monitor JCI-3" manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
What was commercialized as "0" was used. As for illumination, for an opaque sample such as the powder sample A, reflective illumination (epi-illumination) is performed using the illumination equipment 4, and for a transparent raw material such as the pellet sample B colored with a dye. Transmission illumination was performed using the illumination equipment 5.
【００４０】一方、比較例として前記各試料Ａ，Ｂを従
来から用いられている色差計で検査した。この際、粉体
試料Ａの測定には、日本電色社製の色差計Σ９０を使用
し、試料容器には内径５２mmΦ、高さ５０mmのΣ９０用
粉体セルを使用した。色差計の標準白色板には、ＸＹＺ
座標値がＸ＝95.26 ，Ｙ＝93.44 ，Ｚ＝113.09のものを
使用し、光源としてはＪＩＳに規定されているＣ光源の
反射照明を用いた。On the other hand, as a comparative example, each of the samples A and B was inspected by a conventionally used color difference meter. At this time, a color difference meter Σ90 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd. was used for measurement of the powder sample A, and a powder cell for Σ90 having an inner diameter of 52 mmΦ and a height of 50 mm was used as a sample container. The standard white plate of the color difference meter is XYZ
A coordinate value of X = 95.26, Y = 93.44, Z = 113.09 was used, and as the light source, a reflection illumination of a C light source specified in JIS was used.
【００４１】また、ペレット試料Ｂの測定には、東京電
色社製の色差計ＴＣ−８６００Ａを使用し、試料容器に
は内径３０mmΦ、高さ１４５mmのＴＣ−８６００Ａ用液
体セルを使用した。また、光の強度を測定するための０
／１００設定は、シャッターを閉じた際と、試料が入れ
られていない試料容器を挿入してシャッターを開いた際
に行った。光源としてはＣ光源の透過照明を用いた。A color difference meter TC-8600A manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Co., Ltd. was used for the measurement of the pellet sample B, and a liquid cell for TC-8600A having an inner diameter of 30 mmΦ and a height of 145 mm was used as a sample container. In addition, 0 for measuring the intensity of light
The / 100 setting was performed when the shutter was closed and when the sample container in which no sample was inserted was inserted and the shutter was opened. As the light source, the transmitted illumination of the C light source was used.
【００４２】透過照明で測定するペレット試料Ｂでは、
試料の量（厚さ）によって測定結果が変わるため、試料
容器内に試料が30mmの厚さとなるように入れて測定し
た。また、各測定においては、粉体試料Ａおよびペレッ
ト試料Ｂを各試料容器に満杯となるように入れ、測定を
５回繰り返して各測定毎のばらつきを検出するために標
準偏差を求めた。In the pellet sample B measured by transmitted illumination,
Since the measurement result changes depending on the amount (thickness) of the sample, the sample was put into the sample container so that the thickness was 30 mm, and the measurement was performed. Further, in each measurement, the powder sample A and the pellet sample B were placed in each sample container so that the sample container was full, and the measurement was repeated 5 times to obtain the standard deviation in order to detect the variation in each measurement.
【００４３】本実験例の粉体試料Ａおよびペレット試料
Ｂの測定結果を表２および表３に示す。なお、淡黄色の
検査の際の色の基準点Ｓ1 はカラーフィルタ盤６のフィ
ルターＬＡ−１４０を用いて測定し、淡青色の検査の際
の色の基準点Ｓ1 はカラーフィルタ盤６のフィルターＢ
−３８０を用いて測定した。この際の各基準波長λ
0は、フィルターＬＡ−１４０では５８０nm、フィルタ
ーＢ−３８０では４７２nmである。Tables 2 and 3 show the measurement results of the powder sample A and the pellet sample B of this experimental example. Incidentally, a light reference point S 1 color upon examination of the yellow was measured using a filter LA-140 of the color filter plate 6, the reference point S 1 of the color during the light blue test color filter disc 6 Filter B
-380 was used for measurement. Each reference wavelength λ at this time
0 is 580 nm for filter LA-140 and 472 nm for filter B-380.
【００４４】[0044]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４５】[0045]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００４６】比較例の粉体試料Ａおよびペレット試料Ｂ
の測定結果を表４および表５に示す。なお、粉体試料Ａ
についてはＪＩＳ Ｋ７１０３に規定されるＹＩにより
測定し、ペレット試料ＢについてはＪＩＳ Ｚ８７２９
に規定されるＬ* ａ* ｂ* によりｂ* を測定した。Powder sample A and pellet sample B of the comparative example
The measurement results of are shown in Tables 4 and 5. In addition, powder sample A
Is measured according to YI specified in JIS K7103, and pellet sample B is measured according to JIS Z8729.
The b * was measured according to the L * a * b * specified in.
【００４７】[0047]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００４８】[0048]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００４９】上記各表２〜５から分かるように、本実験
例のほうが比較例に比べて標準偏差が小さく、測定毎の
ばらつきが少なく精度良く検査できる。また、実験例で
は色の度合いに応じて各色度係数が変化し、その変化量
も視覚で得られる色度合いの変化にほぼ対応しているの
で、色度係数と波長偏差とから試料の色度合いを認識し
やすく、比較例に比べて色調検査を容易に行うことがで
きる。以上の実験例からも本発明の有用性が明確となっ
た。As can be seen from the above Tables 2-5, the standard deviation of the present experimental example is smaller than that of the comparative example, and the variation between measurements is small and the inspection can be performed accurately. Also, in the experimental example, each chromaticity coefficient changes according to the degree of color, and the amount of change corresponds almost to the change in the visually obtained color degree. Therefore, from the chromaticity coefficient and the wavelength deviation, the color degree of the sample Can be easily recognized, and the color tone inspection can be performed more easily than in the comparative example. The utility of the present invention has been clarified from the above experimental examples.
【００５０】[0050]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、本発明の色調検
査方法によれば、製造現場においても被検査物の色合い
評価を容易に行えるという効果がある。As described above, according to the color tone inspection method of the present invention, it is possible to easily evaluate the hue of the object to be inspected even at the manufacturing site.
【図１】本発明を適用した色調検査装置の構成を示すブ
ロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a color tone inspection device to which the present invention is applied.
【図２】本発明における色度係数および波長偏差の計算
方法を説明するためのＸＹ色度図である。FIG. 2 is an XY chromaticity diagram for explaining a method of calculating a chromaticity coefficient and a wavelength deviation according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明における色度係数および波長偏差の計算
方法を説明するためのＸＹ色度図である。FIG. 3 is an XY chromaticity diagram for explaining a method of calculating a chromaticity coefficient and a wavelength deviation in the present invention.
１ 色調検査装置 ２ 試料容器 ３ ＣＣＤカラーカメラ ４，５ 照明設備 ８ 画像処理装置 ９ データ処理装置 1 Color tone inspection device 2 Sample container 3 CCD color camera 4, 5 Lighting equipment 8 Image processing device 9 Data processing device
Claims (1)
は反射光を光検出手段によって検出して被検査物の画像
を取込み、この画像のＲＧＢ信号およびＹ信号をＸＹＺ
座標系の値に変換し、このＸＹＺ座標系の値からＸＹ色
度図上の測定点を求め、ＸＹ色度図上の白色基準点およ
びスペクトル軌跡間の距離に対する前記測定点および白
色基準点間の距離の割合である色度係数と、各色の基準
波長に対する測定波長の偏差とを求めて被検査物の色調
を検査することを特徴とする色調検査方法。1. An image of an object to be inspected is detected by detecting transmitted light or reflected light from the object to be inspected which has been irradiated with light, and an RGB signal and a Y signal of this image are XYZ.
Convert to the value of the coordinate system, find the measurement point on the XY chromaticity diagram from the value of the XYZ coordinate system, and calculate the distance between the white reference point and the spectrum reference point on the XY chromaticity diagram between the measurement point and the white reference point. A color tone inspecting method, which comprises inspecting a color tone of an object to be inspected by obtaining a chromaticity coefficient which is a ratio of a distance and a deviation of a measurement wavelength from a reference wavelength of each color.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4261688A JP2777509B2 (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1992-09-30 | Color inspection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4261688A JP2777509B2 (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1992-09-30 | Color inspection method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06109545A true JPH06109545A (en) | 1994-04-19 |
| JP2777509B2 JP2777509B2 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
Family
ID=17365341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4261688A Expired - Fee Related JP2777509B2 (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1992-09-30 | Color inspection method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2777509B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020032453A (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2002-05-03 | 강구태 | color measuring and comparison device |
| JP2006508362A (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2006-03-09 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Biological growth plate scanner |
| JP2008176415A (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-31 | Nikon Corp | Image pickup device, image recording program, image data recording medium, image processor, and image processing program |
| US7738689B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-06-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Counting biological agents on biological growth plates |
| US7865008B2 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2011-01-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Biological growth plate scanner with automated intake |
| US7901933B2 (en) | 2002-11-27 | 2011-03-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods of processing a biological growth plate in a biological growth plate scanner |
| WO2012102805A1 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-02 | Milliken & Company | Additive compositions and thermoplastic polymer compositions comprising the same |
| JP2012209967A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-25 | Nikon Corp | Imaging apparatus, image recording program, image processor, and image processing program |
| WO2017068798A1 (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2017-04-27 | 武藤工業株式会社 | Image-production adjustment method and apparatus based on color measurement |
| US9933446B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2018-04-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Processing of biological growth media based on measured manufacturing characteristics |
| WO2019021584A1 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-01-31 | 株式会社Ｓｃｒｅｅｎホールディングス | Substrate processing device and component inspection method for substrate processing device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| JP2006508362A (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2006-03-09 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Biological growth plate scanner |
| US7901933B2 (en) | 2002-11-27 | 2011-03-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods of processing a biological growth plate in a biological growth plate scanner |
| US7865008B2 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2011-01-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Biological growth plate scanner with automated intake |
| US7957575B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2011-06-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Counting biological agents on biological growth plates |
| US7738689B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-06-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Counting biological agents on biological growth plates |
| US8224080B2 (en) | 2007-01-16 | 2012-07-17 | Nikon Corporation | Image pickup apparatus, image recording program, image data recording medium, image processing apparatus, and image processing program |
| JP2008176415A (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-31 | Nikon Corp | Image pickup device, image recording program, image data recording medium, image processor, and image processing program |
| US9933446B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2018-04-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Processing of biological growth media based on measured manufacturing characteristics |
| WO2012102805A1 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-02 | Milliken & Company | Additive compositions and thermoplastic polymer compositions comprising the same |
| US10800902B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2020-10-13 | Milliken & Company | Additive compositions and thermoplastic compositions comprising the same |
| EP2668229B1 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2017-09-06 | Milliken & Company | Additive compositions and thermoplastic polymer compositions comprising the same |
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| WO2017068798A1 (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2017-04-27 | 武藤工業株式会社 | Image-production adjustment method and apparatus based on color measurement |
| JP2017080913A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2017-05-18 | 武藤工業株式会社 | Drawing adjustment method and device with colorimetry |
| WO2019021584A1 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-01-31 | 株式会社Ｓｃｒｅｅｎホールディングス | Substrate processing device and component inspection method for substrate processing device |
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| JP2777509B2 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
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