JPH06108580A - On-off operated roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To miniaturize a roof and a substructure of equipment and reduce the cost of construction as well as to improve working efficiency by installing an almost semicircular fixed roof and a mobile roof turning in the circumferential direction of a fixed structure respectively in a superposable manner. CONSTITUTION:This roof structure is provided with an almost semicircular fixed roof 12 covering the almost half of an upper opening part 13 of a ring fixed structure at plane view. Next, with this fixed roof 12 being situated in the central part of this upper opening part 13 as the turning center, a mobile roof 14 is installed to be turnable in the circumferential direction of the fixed structure 10 and superposably with the fixed roof 12. Supposing the mobile roof 14 is shifted to a position where it is superposed with the fixed roof 12, an opening value in the opening part 13 of equipment is increased, and when the mobile roof 14 is shifted to the outside of the fixed roof 12, this opening value is decreased. In this connection, even in time of opening of the owing part 13, such roofs as coming to laminatedness are merely two layers between the mobile roof 14 and the fixed roof 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an openable and closable roof structure suitable for use in facilities such as baseball fields and sports stadiums.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been common that large-scale competition facilities such as baseball fields and sports fields are not provided with roofs, but in recent years, facilities that can be used regardless of the weather have been desired. , Glass fiber fabric with tetrafluoroethylene resin
(A so-called Teflon resin) is used as a roofing material, which is a membrane material coated with a resin, and is inflated by air pressure. Various kinds of openable and closable roof structures have been proposed that can be opened and closed as needed.

By the way, in the above facilities,
Not only athletics, but also concerts and various events
Since a wide variety of events are held, it is desirable to be able to adjust the environmental conditions such as the brightness and acoustic characteristics in the facility to the optimum state according to the event to be held, but the roof with an air film structure is desired. Neither of the provided facilities or the facilities with openable roofs proposed so far can do such a thing.

For example, in a roof with an air film structure,
The membrane material used as a roofing material is thin enough and has translucency. Therefore, in a facility with a roof of this structure, it is possible to satisfactorily collect natural light in the facility. On the other hand, there is an advantage, but even if it is necessary to block the natural light, such a thing cannot be done, and it is impossible to darken the facility in the daytime. Therefore,
There is a problem in that it is impossible to hold an event that requires darkening in the facility, for example, an event in which the lighting effect of a concert or the like is important in the daytime.

Further, in the roof structure which can be opened and closed, which has been proposed so far, the situation is the same as that of the air film structure roof when the film material is used as the roof material. If you use a metal plate that you have, you can darken the facility by closing the roof even in the daytime, but for example, even if you close the roof like when playing baseball during the daytime when it rains, there is some natural light. However, there is a problem in that in such a case, it is necessary to rely entirely on artificial lighting even in the daytime.

Further, in any case, the acoustic characteristics in the facility such as reverberation time are almost determined by the roof material and the ceiling material. Therefore, the acoustic characteristics are optimized in accordance with the event to be held. It is impossible to adjust to. In this way, with the conventional air film structure and openable roof structure, it is not possible to freely and optimally adjust the environmental conditions in the facility according to the event to be held, and as a result, There was a drawback that the use of this facility was limited.

In view of the above problems, it has been proposed in recent years to construct an openable / closable roof structure 1 mainly composed of a frame formed by assembling steel frames, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7. There is. As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, the roof structure 1 includes a fixed roof 2 constructed on an upper part of the facility having an annular shape in plan view and a first movable roof provided on the upper part of the facility.
It is composed of the second moving roofs 3 and 4. Fixed roof 2
Is a roughly crescent shape in which a ceiling 5 covering the center of the facility in a plan view is provided on the inner corner side of the curve, and covers approximately one third of the upper opening of the facility. The first and second movable roofs 3 and 4 are formed in the same shape as the fixed roof 2 in plan view, and the rotary shaft 6 is provided at the tip of each ceiling part 5 to the fixed roof 2.
It is provided in communication with the tip of the ceiling portion 5 and is rotatable in the horizontal direction about the rotation shaft 6. Figure 7
As shown in FIG. 1, the first movable roof 3 is a fixed roof 2 in cross section.
Is provided from above and is provided on the rotating shaft 6 so as to be horizontally rotatable at a position where the lower surface covers the upper surface of the fixed roof 2. The second movable roof 4 is in a form of covering the first movable roof 3 from above in a sectional view, and is horizontally rotated by the rotation shaft 6 at a position where the lower surface covers the upper surface of the first movable roof 3. It is possible.

The operation of the roof structure 1 will be described below. The first and second movable roofs 3 and 4 are configured to open and close the upper part of the facility by rotating around the rotating shaft 6. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, in order to open the upper opening, the first and second moving roofs 3 and 4 are fixed to the fixed roof 2.
Rotate to the upper part of the to establish a superposed state. The first movable roof 3 and the second movable roof 4 are gradually moved toward the fixed roof 2 in the circumferential directions opposite to each other along the peripheral edges of the facility, so that the entire roof is gradually fixed. The overlapping area with 2 is increased, and the roof structure 1 is gradually opened from a portion far from the fixed roof 2. As the polymerization proceeds,
When the second movable roofs 3 and 4 and the fixed roof 2 are in a state where they are completely coincident with each other in a plan view, the opening amount becomes maximum and the upper opening portion is completely opened. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 5, in order to close the upper opening, the first and second movable roofs 3,
By moving the upper part 4 of the facility away from the fixed roof 2 in opposite circumferential directions, the overlapping area of the first and second moving roofs 3 and 4 and the fixed roof 2 is reduced. When the end surfaces of the first and second movable roofs 3 and 4 located on the respective moving direction sides substantially coincide with each other in plan view, the closing is completed.
Since the first and second moving roofs 3 and 4 are provided with moving means such as wheels at the lower end portions of the first and second moving roofs 3 and 4, the upper end of the facility is arranged in the circumferential direction. It is possible to move smoothly.

[0009]

However, as shown in FIG. 5, in the roof structure 1, when the upper part of the facility is opened, the fixed roof 2 and the first and second moving roofs 3 and 4 are formed. Are stacked to form a three-layered laminated state, but it is necessary to form a roof that is located above in a size large enough to cover the roof located below from the outside during stacking. The roof becomes larger in size and causes a rise in the construction cost of the roof structure 1 and a reduction in construction efficiency.
In addition, if the roof structure 1 becomes larger, the above problems become more remarkable, and as the number of laminated layers during polymerization increases,
Since it is necessary to increase the size of the substructure of the facility that supports these roofs, the volume of the space that should be formed inside the facility relative to the size of the facility becomes smaller, and the area of the site where the facility should be constructed is effective. There is also a problem that it cannot be used for. Furthermore, the increase in size of the first and second movable roofs 3 and 4 takes time to move, and the weight to be supported increases, so it is necessary to increase the size of the moving mechanism.
The construction cost of the roof structure 1 will be further increased and the construction efficiency will be further reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can be opened and closed as necessary and is not affected by the weather, and of course, a fixed roof for closing the upper opening of a fixed structure and the fixed roof. The fixed roof and the movable roof that can be polymerized each have one layer, and the maximum number of polymerized layers is two, so that the roof and the substructure of the facility can be miniaturized to reduce the construction cost and improve the construction efficiency The purpose is to provide a roof structure that can be opened and closed.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fixed structure for a large-scale facility and a roof main body supported by the fixed structure, and the roof main body is attached to the fixed structure. A fixed roof to be fixed, and a movable roof configured to be movable on the fixed structure, the movable roof, a covering position that covers the upper opening of the fixed structure together with the fixed roof, and An openable and closable roof structure, which is configured to be movable between a storage position moved to the upper part of a fixed roof, is a means for solving the above problems. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the opening / closing roof structure according to the first aspect, in a plan view, the fixed structure is formed in an annular shape having a substantially circular outer peripheral portion, and the fixed roof is The movable roof is formed in a substantially semi-circular shape that covers at least a central portion of the upper opening of the fixed structure, and the movable roof has a fixed roof located in the central portion of the upper opening as a rotation center. An openable roof structure, which is provided so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction and has a movable roof and a fixed roof that can overlap with each other, is a means for solving the above problems. In the invention according to claim 3, the openable roof structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that the movable roof is divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction with respect to the center of rotation. The roof structure was used as a means for solving the above problems. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the openable / closable roof structure according to the second or third aspect, the center of rotation of the movable roof is unevenly distributed with respect to the center of the upper opening of the plan view. The roof structure was used as a means for solving the above problems.

[0012]

According to the retractable roof structure of claim 1, when the movable roof is moved to a position where the movable roof and the roof structure overlap with each other, the opening amount of the opening of the facility is increased, and the movable roof of the roof structure is increased. Moving it outward reduces the amount of opening. When the overlapping area between the roof structure and the moving roof is maximum, the opening amount of the opening is maximum, and when the overlapping area is minimum, the opening amount of the opening is minimum. Further, even when the opening portion is opened, the maximum number of stacked roof layers is the roof structure and the movable roof.

According to the retractable roof structure of claim 2,
Since the fixed structure is annular in plan view, moving the moving roof
Formed between the fixed structure and the roof structure by rotating the fixed structure around the center of the fixed structure in plan view and rotating the fixed structure in the circumferential direction. Open or close the existing opening.

According to the retractable roof structure of claim 3,
The movable roof divided into free areas can be arranged at a desired position, and each divided movable roof can freely move within a range of a distance between adjacent movable roofs.

According to the retractable roof structure of claim 4,
Since the entire roof construction position shifts from the center of the fixed structure in plan view, if the outer shape of the fixed structure is fixed, the fixed structure located in the unevenly distributed direction of the roof will have the roof edge outside the fixed structure. The construction area formed between the outer surface and the edge of the roof is narrowed close to, and the fixed structure located in the opposite direction to the uneven distribution has the roof edge entering the central direction of the fixed structure. Thus, the construction area formed between the outer surface and the edge of the roof becomes wider.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, reference numeral 10 is a fixed structure provided with the openable roof structure of the present embodiment, 11 is an internal space of the fixed structure 10 formed in a mortar shape, 12 is a fixed roof, 13 is the internal space 11 An opening 14 is formed on the upper part of the roof, and 14 is a moving roof that opens and closes the opening 13.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the openable roof structure has a fixed roof 12 having a semicircular shape in plan view and an opening 13 fixed in plan view on an upper part of a fixed structure 10 having an annular shape in plan view. 1
It has a form in which it is divided into two equal parts with a radius centered on the center part of 0, and each has a movable roof 14 which is rotatably provided in the circumferential direction of the fixed structure 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed structure 10 has a mortar shape and an internal space 11 having a flat ground 15 therein. A stand 16 for accommodating a spectator of a sports competition held on a ground 15 formed in the central portion of the fixed structure 10 is provided on the slope inclined in the central portion inside the fixed structure 10. The uppermost outer edge of the fixed structure 10 is formed on a flat upper surface 17, and a moving guide 18 for moving the opening 13 is laid on the upper surface 17. As shown in Figure 1,
The internal space 11 has a substantially elliptical shape in plan view and is formed close to the opening 13 side of the fixed structure 10.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stand 16
The construction area of the portion of the internal space 11 located in the direction of uneven distribution with respect to the fixed structure 10 is small, and conversely, the internal space 1
The portion located in the direction opposite to the uneven distribution direction of 1 has a large construction area. For example, when the ground 16 is used as a baseball field, the stand 16 is formed by bringing a portion of the inner space 11 located on the outfield side toward the outer edge of the fixed structure 10 on the opening 13 side in plan view. The construction area on the outfield side is small and the construction area on the home plate side is large. The movement guide 18 has an annular shape in a plan view and is laid evenly on the entire upper surface 17.

The fixed roof 12 is formed mainly of a space truss 19, and a dome body whose uppermost part is located at the center of the ground 15 and whose outer edge in plan view is coincident with the upper surface 17 is divided by a generally plan view diameter. The fixed structure 10 is provided above the fixed structure 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the movable roof 14 is provided on the upper surface of the fixed roof 12.
The moving orbits 20 for moving the are uniformly arranged concentrically along the circumferential direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the space truss 19 is formed.
Are formed by combining an upper chord member, a lower chord member and a lattice member each made of a steel pipe or the like, and are arranged radially around a portion located in the central portion of the ground 15 and at the center of the ground 15. It has an arcuate shape with the portion located at the top as the apex and convexly curved upward.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the moving roof 14
Is a fan shape obtained by cutting the opening 13 in a plan view into approximately one quarter, and is mainly composed of a space truss 19 similarly to the fixed roof 12. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the movable roof 14 has a shape obtained by dividing a circle having a radius slightly smaller than that of the fixed roof 12, and when closed, the tip thereof coincides with the tip of the fixed roof 12. The lower surface of the movable roof 14 is provided with traveling means (not shown) which is inserted into each of the movable tracks 20 and travels in the movable track 20 in the circumferential direction of the fixed structure 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, an edge portion of the movable roof 14 located on the upper surface 17 of the fixed structure 10 is penetrated by a movable guide 18 provided on the upper surface 17 over the entire circumference. As a result, a carriage 25 for moving the movable roof 14 along the circumferential direction of the upper surface 17 is provided. The moving guide 18 is a ring body having a right-angled triangular shape in a schematic sectional view and being substantially equal to the upper surface 17 in a plan view, and is installed on the upper surface 17 with the hypotenuse portion directed toward the central portion of the fixed structure 10. At the center of the oblique side of the moving guide 18,
A pair of two flanges 27 each having an L-shaped cross section are fixed to extend in the entire circumferential direction of the moving guide 18 to form a moving carriage insertion portion 26 into which the moving carriage 25 is inserted. . Each of the flanges 27 has a tip on one side provided vertically on the oblique side portion of the movement guide 18, and
The other ends are fixed in parallel to each other with the other ends facing each other, and are arranged so as to surround the moving carriage insertion portion 26. Then, the movement guide 18 is used for the movement carriage 2
By transmitting the load and thrust force of the movable roof 14 transmitted via 5 to the fixed structure 10, the structure is stably supported.

An appropriate number of moving carriages 25 are provided at the edge of the movable roof 14, and the moving carriage inserting portions 26 are inserted into the moving carriage inserting portions 26 so that the moving carriage inserting portions 26 can travel in the longitudinal direction thereof. . Each movable carriage 25 is rotatable and is in contact with a rail 28 fixed to the slope of the moving guide 18 or the inner surface of the other side portion of the flange 27.
A plurality of 9 are provided at the upper and lower portions, and rotatable guide wheels 30 contacting the inner surface of the flange 27 on one side are provided at both ends in the width direction. Then, the moving carriage 2
The vehicle 5 stably travels in the longitudinal direction of the carriage insertion portion 26 while being installed at an appropriate position in the cross-section movement carriage insertion portion 26 via the traveling wheels 29 and the guide wheels 30.

A drive source for moving the movable roof 14 is mounted on a traveling means (not shown) or a trolley 25 for traveling on the moving track 20. Further, the drive source may be provided separately from the traveling means and the moving carriage 25.

The operation and effect of this embodiment will be described below. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the retractable roof structure has two
The opening 13 is opened by rotating the moving roofs 14, 14 toward the center of the fixed roof 12. If the movable roofs 14 and 14 rotate at a radius position that bisects the fixed roof 12 until their end surfaces substantially contact each other, the movable roofs 14 and 14 are completely overlapped with each other and the opening amount of the opening 13 is maximum. Becomes Conversely, the two moving roofs 14, 14
By rotating the fixed roof 12 in the direction of approaching the fixed roof 12, the overlapping area between the fixed roof 12 and the movable roof 14 is reduced to close the opening 13. The moving roofs 14, 1
If 4 keeps rotating and keeps the end surfaces in contact with each other at a radius position that bisects the opening 13, the opening 13 is completely closed.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the opening amount of the opening 13 is maximum, the movable roof 14 is in a state of protruding from the tip of the fixed roof 12. Note that FIG. 3 shows an intermediate state between a state where the opening 13 is completely opened and a state where the opening 13 is completely closed. The rotation of the movable roof 14 in the circumferential direction of the fixed structure 10 moves all the traveling means (not shown) and the moving carriage 25 mounted on the same movable roof 14 by the driving force of the drive source. The track 20 or the moving guide 18 is caused to travel in the same direction and at a peripheral velocity having the same angular velocity with respect to the center of rotation.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ground 15 is unevenly distributed on the side of the opening 13 with respect to the fixed structure 10. Therefore, if the opening 13 is opened, a large space above it can be obtained. The part opens. That is, the aperture ratio of the ground 15 is increased as compared with the case where the center of the opening 13 is located immediately above the center of the ground 15. Further, the portion of the fixed structure 10 covered by the fixed roof 12 is located on the opposite side of the ground 15 in the uneven distribution direction, so that a large construction area of the stand 16 is always secured on the fixed roof 12 so that rainwater and the like can be prevented. The construction area of the stand 16 can be used for construction of various structures other than the stand 16.

Therefore, in the open / close type roof structure, the number of stacks of roofs that are piled up by the rotation of the movable roof 14 is two at the maximum, so that the movable roof 14 has several conventional roofs. Fixed roof 12 compared to the case where
The difference in the radius of curvature between and can be formed small, and the construction efficiency can be improved and the construction cost can be reduced. In addition, the retractable roof structure has a small maximum number of laminated layers, and the movable roof 1
Since the size of 4 can be reduced, the step difference between the fixed roof 12 and the moving roof 14 can be reduced, and the appearance of the roof can be maintained. Further, in the openable roof structure, the opening 13 is covered with the two movable roofs 14, so that the moving distance of one moving roof 14 is shorter than that of one moving roof. The time for closing and opening the portion 13 is short, and the work time for opening and closing the opening 13 is shortened.

In addition, since the retractable roof structure is formed so as to be unevenly distributed in the direction of the opening 13 in a plan view, the maximum opening ratio of the sky above the ground 15 at the time of opening the opening 13 increases, and conversely, it is fixed. In the portion of the structure 10 covered by the fixed roof 12 in plan view, the ground 15 decreases,
The construction area of the stand 16 and the like is increased, and the degree of freedom in using the internal space 11 below the fixed roof 12 is improved.

[0030]

As described above, in the retractable roof structure of the present invention, the number of stacks of roofs that are stacked by the rotation of the moving roof to be a stacked state is two at the maximum, so that the moving roof is
Compared with the conventional case where several layers of roofs are laminated, the difference in the size of formation with the fixed roof can be made smaller, and the construction efficiency and construction cost can be reduced. In addition, the open / close roof structure has a small maximum number of laminated layers, and the moving roof can be made small in size, so the step between the fixed roof and the moving roof is reduced, and the appearance is maintained. can do.

In addition, since the retractable roof structure is formed so as to be unevenly distributed in the direction of the opening in plan view, the maximum opening ratio of the sky above the target region in the fixed structure increases, and conversely the fixed structure. As a result of the reduction of the region located in the portion covered with the fixed roof in plan view, the construction area of the fixed structure is increased, and the degree of freedom of use of the internal space below the fixed roof is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a retractable roof structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the above.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the opening / closing operation of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a moving carriage for a moving roof.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a closed state of a conventional roof structure.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an open state of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Fixed Structure 12 Fixed Roof 13 Opening 14 Moving Roof

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A roof structure which can be opened and closed and which is applied to a large-scale facility such as an athletic stadium, comprising a fixed structure of the large-scale facility and a roof body supported by the fixed structure. The roof body includes a fixed roof fixed to the fixed structure and a movable roof configured to be movable on the fixed structure, and the movable roof is an upper part of the fixed structure together with the fixed roof. An openable and closable roof structure, which is configured to be movable between a covering position that covers the opening and a storage position that is moved to an upper portion of the fixed roof. 2. The retractable roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the fixed structure is formed in an annular shape having a substantially circular outer peripheral portion in plan view, and the fixed roof is the fixed structure. The movable roof is formed in a substantially semi-circular shape covering at least a central portion of the upper opening of the object, and the movable roof is arranged in the circumferential direction of the fixed structure with the fixed roof located in the central portion of the upper opening as a rotation center. A retractable roof structure, which is rotatably provided, and a movable roof and a fixed roof can overlap each other. 3. The retractable roof structure according to claim 2, wherein the movable roof is divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction with respect to the center of rotation. 4. The retractable roof structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the center of rotation of the movable roof is unevenly distributed with respect to the center of the upper opening in a plan view. Openable roof structure.