JPH0610748Y2 - Harvester forage cutting device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a harvester for harvesting rhizome agricultural crops such as onions, which improves the cutting ability of the foliage of the agricultural products and has a clean cut surface. The present invention relates to a foliage cutting device that can be a trace.

More specifically, when mechanically harvesting an underground rhizome crop such as onion (hereinafter referred to as “agricultural crop”) with a harvester, generally the foliage is laid down and the foliage is completely withered before the harvesting work is started. To do.

However, when the amount of onions is insufficient in the market, the harvesting work may be accelerated to early harvest the onions whose leaves are not completely dead.

The present invention, in such an early period, that is, when performing harvesting work of the onion in a state where the lodging leaves are not completely withered by a harvester, while improving the cutting ability of the leaves without damaging the crop, It is intended to provide a foliage cutting device whose cut surface can always form a clean cut.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as the seed and leaf cutting device, the applicant of the present application has already proposed a device having a configuration described below.

The foliage cutting device 1 has a configuration shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

That is, in the figure, 2 and 3 are a pair of feed rollers that rotate inwardly toward each other.
Multiple sets of 3 are installed behind the digging device that constitutes the harvester.

.. are formed in contact with each other, and the agricultural products supplied from the front digging device are sequentially transferred to the rear of the respective feed rollers 2, 3 ,. There is.

Further, a cylindrical receiving blade 5 and a disc-shaped cutting blade 6 are provided at the rear end of each of the feed rollers 2, 3 ,.
It is configured to cut the foliage of the agricultural products to be transferred to the rear.

That is, the receiving blade 5 is detachably screwed to the rear end portion of the one feed roller 2 and is attached via the support 7.
The cutting edge 6 is located at the rear end of the other feed roller 3,
A support shaft 8 eccentric to the receiving blade 5 is attached to the receiving blade 5 via an arm rod 9 so as to be adjustable in pressure.

The arm rod 9 is rotatably supported by a rear frame 10 of a mounting frame via a shaft 11, and a pressure adjusting device 12 is provided at a lower end portion of the arm rod 9. The pressure adjusting device 12 includes a cylindrical case 14 having a threaded portion 13 formed at an opening at one end.
Is attached to the rear frame 10, and the elastic force of the spring spring 16 through the screw rod 15 screwed into the screw portion 13 so as to be capable of screwing back and forth makes it possible to adjust the pressing force with which the cutting blade 6 contacts the receiving blade 5. It is configured as follows.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the foliage cutting device 1 having the above configuration, the feed roller 2,
In the configuration of 3, ..., Since the support shaft 8 supporting the rear end portion is fixed by the arm rod 9, the feed rollers 2, 3 ,.
The distance P keeps a constant interval, and it is impossible to arbitrarily adjust the interval.

For this reason, when the distance P between the feed rollers 2, 3, ... Is small, for example, about 2 to 5 mm, the foliage is not yet completely dead, and the foliage still contains water, or contains water after rain. When harvesting foliage, the feed rollers 2, 3,
The stems and leaves are easily entangled with each other on the outer peripheral surface of the ... and the feedability of the feed rollers 2 and 3 is reduced.

Further, because the soil adheres to the entwined foliage, the distance P between the feed rollers 2, 3, ... Is further narrowed, which causes the foliage to be torn on the feed rollers 2, 3 ,. .

On the other hand, if the distance P between the feed rollers 2 and 3 is wide, for example, if it is set to about 5 to 10 mm, the foliage winding ability of the foliage into the feed rollers 2 and 3 will be reduced if the foliage is completely dead. This is a cause of many cutting mistakes.

This is shown in Table 1 as follows.

[Means for Solving Problems] The present invention was created in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to dig agricultural products such as onions and to cut the foliage of a harvester. In order to improve the cutting ability of the foliage, the present invention provides a foliage cutting device whose cut surface always makes a clean cut.

In order to achieve this object, the foliage cutting device of the harvester according to the present invention comprises a plurality of pairs of feed rollers, which are arranged at predetermined intervals and are rotated in the inward winding direction, are arranged side by side on a mounting frame. A spiral member is wound around the outer peripheral surface of each of the feed rollers, a cylindrical receiving blade is provided at the rear end of one of the feeding rollers, and the receiving blade can be pressed and adjusted at the rear end of the other feeding roller, and In a foliage cutting device provided with a disc-shaped cutting blade that can be drivenly rotated by a receiving blade in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the other feed roller and provided on a support shaft that is eccentric toward the receiving blade. The support shaft of this cutting blade is characterized by being mounted on a support plate whose mounting position can be adjusted via bolts, nuts, etc. in a pair of arc-shaped long holes of a support tool which is erected on the rear frame of the mounting frame. It is what

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, the configuration of a harvester in which the foliage cutting device according to the present invention is installed will be outlined with reference to the schematic side view of the entire harvester shown in FIG. In addition, the same configuration as the conventional technology,
The same reference numerals will be used for description.

In the figure, 20 is a harvester, which is a digging device 2 from the front.
1, a foliage cutting device 22, a lateral feed conveyor 23, etc. are sequentially installed in a machine frame 24, and are configured to travel by an endless track zone 25.

The digging device 21 is used for the agricultural products 3 in the ground or on the ground.
0 is excavated by the digging tool 31 provided at the leading edge with the foliage 30a still attached.

Subsequently, the farm products 30 are transferred to the first conveyor 32 having a gentle slope, and the farm products 30 are transferred to the next second conveyor 33 while dropping adhered substances such as mud, soil, and sand downward. .

The second conveyor 33 is installed in a steep slope as shown in the figure, and transfers the crop 30 from the rear discharge end to the next foliage cutting device 22.

The agricultural product 30 transferred to the foliage cutting device 22 has its foliage 30a cut while passing through the foliage cutting device 22, and subsequently the agricultural product 30 whose foliage 30a has been cut.
Is transferred to the next horizontal feed conveyor 23 and discharged in a row on the ground.

Next, the structure of the foliage cutting device 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7.

The foliage cutting device 22 is configured similarly to the above-mentioned conventional foliage cutting device. That is, a plurality of pairs of left and right feed rollers 2 and 3 are installed in parallel to the traveling direction of the harvester 20. In the illustrated case, four sets of feed rollers 2, 3, ... Are provided, but it is possible to set the number of sets suitable for the foliage processing capacity of the harvester 20.

Each of the feed rollers 2 and 3 has a cylindrical shape. For example, a cylindrical tube is used, and a spiral body 4 such as a round bar is wound around the outer peripheral surface thereof at a predetermined pitch.

The feed rollers 2 and 3 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance L so that the spiral bodies 4 and 4 approach each other as shown in the figure, and one feed roller 2 feeds the next set of feeds. The roller 3 and the roller 3 are separated from each other by an interval M. Further, the feed rollers 2 and 3 are rotated inward toward each other, and the crops 3 transferred from the digging device 21 are transferred.
0 hangs down the foliage 30a and is sent backward,
Along with the cutting of a, the horizontal conveyor 2 installed at the rear
3 is configured to transfer the agricultural products 30.

Here, a method of attaching the feed rollers 2, 3, ... Will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 5, and 6.

First, the support shaft 3 is attached to the tip of one of the feed rollers 3 (that is, the rear side of the second conveyor 33 that constitutes the digging device 21).
5 is provided, and the feed rollers 3, 3, are provided at predetermined positions on the front frame 38 of the mounting frame 37 via the bearing 36 mounted thereon.
Each of the tips of ... is supported.

On the other hand, an end of a bearing case 40 in which a bearing 39 is arranged is internally provided at the rear end of each of the feed rollers 3, 3, ..., And the rear end of each of the feed rollers 3, 3 ,. Each of them is slightly longer than the rear end of the feed roller 2. The support shaft 41 provided in the bearing case 40 is supported by the upper end of the arm rod 44 whose base end is rotatably supported by the rear frame 42 of the mounting frame 37 via the shaft 43. .
Further, with respect to the feed rollers 3, 3, ..., The other feed roller 2, 2, ... Is spaced from the feed roller 3 of the next set by a distance L so that the spiral bodies 4 approach each other as described above. Only M apart. .. are supported at predetermined positions on the front frame 38 of the mounting frame 37 via bearings 46 mounted on the support shaft 45, similarly to the above-mentioned feeding rollers 3.

Further, a bearing case 48 in which a bearing 47 is arranged is internally provided at a rear end portion of each of the feed rollers 2, 2, ..., And an end portion of the support shaft 49 is provided on an inner side surface at an outer opening portion of the bearing case 48. The fixed disk-shaped support member 50 is fitted.

On the outer surface of the support member 50, a feed roller 3 to be described later is provided.
A support shaft 51 which is eccentric to the receiving blade provided on the support frame 51 is fixed to the rear frame 42 of the mounting frame 37 with bolts 52, nuts, etc. The spring washer 58 is fitted and fitted in the fitting hole 57 of the plate 56 and is attached to the tip of the support shaft 51. The support plate 56 is provided at the upper ends of the bolt holes 61, 61 and the support tool 55 ... By attaching a pair of arc-shaped elongated holes 59, 59 via bolts 60 and nuts, respectively,
The mounting position of the support plate 56 can be adjusted within the range of the elongated holes 59, 59.

In each of the feeding rollers 2, 3, ... With such a configuration, a cutting mechanism 67, which is roughly divided into a receiving blade 65 and a cutting blade 66, is provided at a rear end portion thereof as a mechanism for cutting the foliage 30a of the agricultural product 30. Has been.

Explaining an example of this cutting mechanism 67, the configuration of the receiving blade 65 is the same cylindrical configuration as the conventional receiving blade 5, and the outer circumference of the bearing case 40 provided at the rear end portion of the one feed roller 3. It is detachably attached to the surface by a snap ring 68. Then, for example, the receiving blade 65 is provided on the outer periphery of the bearing case 40 to prevent the rotation of the receiving blade 6.
5 is provided with a groove 69, to which a pin 70 is attached. Although not shown, a threaded portion may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the end of the bearing case 40, and the receiving blade 65 may be attached by a nut.

Further, the cutting blade 66 has a cylindrical shape in which a sharp blade portion 73 is formed on the outer peripheral edge thereof, similarly to the conventional cutting blade 6, and a bearing 74 is internally provided, and a spacer is provided on the support plate 56. It is rotatably supported with 75 interposed.

Therefore, the distance L between the feed rollers 3, 3, ... Is different from that of the other pair of feed rollers 2, 3 within the range of the long holes 59, 59 of the support 55 to which the support plate 56 is attached. This can be achieved by changing the mounting positions of the bolts 60, 60 inside (see FIG. 4).

The receiving blade 65 and the cutting blade 66 having such a configuration have a proper pressing force so that they are in contact with each other.
Is provided.

In the illustrated pressure adjusting device 80, a cylindrical case 82 having a screw portion 81 formed at one end opening is attached to the rear frame 42 of the attachment frame 37, and a screw screwed into the screw portion 81 so as to be able to advance and retract. The elasticity of the spring spring 84 via the rod 83 is configured to adjust the pressing force with which the blade portion 73 of the cutting blade 66 contacts the receiving blade 65. The pressing adjusting device 80 may be attached to the cutting blade 66 so that the cutting blade 66 can be adjusted so that the pressing blade 80 can be pressed against the receiving blade 65.

In the figure, reference numeral 85 denotes a cover provided at the rear end of the feed roller, which is attached to the upper end of the support 55 so that its attachment position can be adjusted within the range of the long holes 86, 86.
This cover 85 prevents damage to the crop 30, and
7 is a bolt.

Next, an example shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described as a drive device 90 for rotating the pair of feed rollers 2 and 3 constituting the foliage cutting device 22 in the inward winding direction.

Support shafts 35, 4 at the tip of each of the feed rollers 2, 3, ...
5, one or a plurality of sprockets 92, 93, ... Are mounted, and predetermined sprockets 92, 92, 93, 9 are interposed with tensioning sprockets 94, 94 ,.
Roller chains 95, 95 are hung between 3 ,. Then, the roller chain 97 that is hung between the sprockets 93 and 96 using the hydraulic motor 91 as a drive source.
, So as to rotate the pair of feed rollers 2, 3, ... Inwardly, so as to feed the crop 30 transferred from the digging device 21 to the foliage cutting device 22 to the rear cutting mechanism 67. It is configured.

[Function of device]

The operation of the foliage cutting device 22 according to the present invention is as follows.

The agricultural products 30 dug up by the dug up device 21 provided at the tip of the harvester 20 are transferred to the next foliage cutting device 22.

Each of the pair of feed rollers 2, 3, ... Constituting the foliage cutting device 22 has a spiral body 4 wound around the outer peripheral surface thereof, so that in the crop 30, the foliage 30a has a distance L between the feed rollers 2, 3. It is rolled up and drooped and transported to the rear.

In this case, the support plate 56, to which the support shaft 51 of the cutting blade 66 is attached, is adjusted within the range of the long holes 59, 59 of the support tool 55 by adjusting the tightening of the bolts and nuts 60.
The mounting position for 5 is determined. By this position adjustment,
The feed roller 2 provided on the support plate 56 is the feed roller 3
Is determined, and the distance between the feed rollers 2 and 3 can be adjusted, and the distance L between the feed rollers 2, 3, ... Suitable for the state of the foliage to be harvested can be adjusted arbitrarily.

Then, the foliage 30a is appropriately cut by the receiving blade 65 and the cutting blade 66 of the cutting mechanism 67 provided at the rear end portion,
The agricultural product 30 without a can be transferred to the next transverse feed conveyor 23.

[Effect of device]

Since the foliage cutting device according to the present invention has the above configuration,
It has the following effects.

(1) The interval between the feed rollers according to the present invention is a very simple structure in which the support plate attached to the support can be adjusted by the bolts and nuts within the long hole range of the support.

(2) By this adjustment, when the foliage of the crop is not completely dead, or when it contains water, the intervals between the feed rollers are widened so that the foliage does not get entangled with the outer peripheral surface of the feed roller. This can be prevented, and the feeding ability of the feeding roller can always be properly maintained.

(3) Also, when the foliage is completely dead, the interval between the feed rollers can be narrowed to improve the winding ability of the foliage, prevent cutting mistakes, and keep the cut marks clean.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an entire harvester having a foliar cutting device according to the present invention installed.
The figure is a partially cutaway enlarged sectional view of a main part, FIG. 3 is the same front view, FIG. 4 is the same explanatory view, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a cutting blade, and FIG. A plan view, FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view of the drive unit, FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway plan view of a conventional example, and FIG. 9 is a front view of the same. 2, 3 ... Feed roller, 4 ... Helical body, 20 ... Harvester, 22
... Stem and leaf cutting device, 65 ... Receiving blade, 66 ... Cutting blade, 67 ... Cutting mechanism, 55 ... Support tool, 56 ... Support plate, 59 ... Long hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A plurality of pairs of feed rollers, which are rotated inwardly toward each other at a predetermined interval, are arranged in parallel in a mounting frame, and a spiral member is wound around the outer peripheral surface of each of the feed rollers. Of the other feed roller is provided with a cylindrical receiving blade, and the rear end of the other feeding roller has a disc-shaped cutting blade that can be pressed and adjusted by the receiving blade and can be driven and rotated by the other feeding roller. In a foliage cutting device provided on a support shaft eccentric to the receiving blade in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the roller, the support shaft of the cutting blade is erected on the rear frame of the mounting frame. A foliage cutting device for a harvester, characterized in that it is attached to a pair of circular arc-shaped long holes of the supported tool on a support plate whose mounting position is adjustable via bolts, nuts and the like.