JPH06106437A - Working machine with automatic change device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically exchange not only tools but also collets for work clamping by making a collet-mounting holder mountable on a tool rotational shaft and enabling a collet fixed to a rotating shaft to engage freely with handling member installed on the bed side. CONSTITUTION:A collet 5b fixed to a tool rotational shaft 18 is detached from the tool rotational shaft 18 by engaging with a collet handling member 49. An alreadly used collet 56 is disengaged from a collet handling member 49 and then fixed to a tool rotational shaft 18 and thus returned to a magazine. Accordingly, automatic exchange of a collet by a single exchange device is enabled.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing machine in which a work fixing collet or a base can be automatically replaced in order to process a plurality of kinds of works.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A processing machine equipped with an automatic tool changer is well known in order to process one workpiece with a plurality of types of tools. In the case of this processing machine, prepare as many holders as the number of types of tools. At least the outer shape of the holder is unified, and the holder can be commonly attached to a holder fixing device or a tool rotating shaft in a magazine for accommodating the holder. Further, each tool has a common mounting portion on the tool rotating shaft, and any tool can be mounted on the tool rotating shaft. Each tool is attached to each holder and all holders are housed in the magazine. A holder indexing device is attached to the magazine, and an arbitrary holder is positioned at a position where it can be attached to or detached from the tool rotation shaft.

With this device, any tool accommodated in the magazine is attached to the tool rotary shaft, and the used tool is returned to the magazine. In this way, machining is performed while the tools are automatically replaced. On the other hand, an apparatus capable of processing various kinds of works is also known. In this type of apparatus, a pallet having a common shape is usually used, and the work is fixed to the pallet in advance. On the side of the processing machine, since the work is fixed via the pallet, it is possible to fix and process different kinds of works.

However, depending on the work environment and the product shape, there are cases where a pallet having a common shape cannot be used. In this case, the pallets corresponding to the different kinds of works are manually replaced, or the works are fixed directly to the processing machine by the collet. In the type in which the work is fixed by the collet, it is necessary to make the collet shape different corresponding to the different work shape. However, an automatic exchange device for exchanging these collets and pallets has not yet been put into practical use, and most of them are manually exchanged. When only a limited number of workpieces are processed, a common collet that can fix any workpiece is used to deal with this problem.

It would be possible to construct an automatic changer similar to the automatic tool changer. However, in this case, the automatic tool changing device and the automatic changing device are separately configured. This is uneconomical and in some cases it may not be possible to equip both exchanges due to space considerations. Therefore, in the present invention, a more economical and more practical processing machine with an automatic exchange device is developed.

[0006]

Therefore, in the present invention, as the concept is schematically shown in FIG. 1, a magazine B containing a plurality of holders 1, ..., N + M.
And a holder indexing device A for positioning any one of the holders housed in the magazine B at a position where it is attached to and detached from the tool rotation axis C. , N of the collets are holders for mounting collets, and different types of collets 1, ..., N are mounted on the collet mounting holders 1, ..., N, respectively, for mounting any one collet. A holder J is attachable to the tool rotating shaft C, and a collet J attached to the tool rotating shaft C is engageable with a collet operating member D. Was developed.

Here, N is an integer of 2 or more, and M is an integer of 1 or more. When a common tool is used for various works, M = 1, and when a different tool is used for each work, M = N. Further, FIG. 1 is a schematic view, and the holders 1, ..., N + M may be randomly accommodated in the magazine B. In the invention according to claim 2, among the plurality of holders 1, ..., N + M, 1,
, N is a holder for mounting the base, and each of the base mounting holders 1, ..., N has a different type of base 1,
, N are attached, any one base attachment holder J can be attached to the tool rotating shaft C, and the base J attached to the tool rotating shaft C engages with the base operating member D. We have developed a processing machine with an automatic exchange device that is characterized by being possible.

[0008]

With the structure of claim 1, a plurality of types of collets are accommodated in the magazine B, and any one of them is attached to the tool rotating shaft C. This is exactly the same as in the automatic tool changer. In the present invention, the collet attached to the tool rotating shaft C engages with the collet operating member D and is removed from the tool rotating shaft C. The used collet is disengaged from the collet operating member D, attached to the tool rotating shaft C, and then returned to the magazine B. In this way, according to this configuration, it is possible to automatically exchange the collet with one exchange device.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the base is housed in the magazine, and any one of them is attached to the tool rotating shaft C. This is exactly the same as in the automatic tool changer. In the present invention, the tool rotation axis C
The base attached to is engaged with the base operating member and is removed from the tool rotation shaft C. The used base is disengaged from the base operating member, attached to the tool rotation shaft C, and then returned to the magazine B. In this way, according to this configuration, it is possible to automatically replace the base with one replacement device.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, one embodiment embodying the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 shows the overall structure of the processing machine, in which a fixed post 4 for fixing a work 14 is erected and fixed on a fixed bed 2. In the case of this embodiment, the work 14 is an aluminum wheel, and roughly divided into four types. Adjacent to the work fixing post 4, members 8 and 10 for adjusting the phase of the work 14 are fixed to the fixed bed 2 via a pole 6.

An X-direction slider 12 is attached to the fixed bed 2 in the X direction.
Direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1), the Y direction slider 16 is attached to the X direction slider 12 so as to be movable in the Y direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1). Head for tool rotary shaft 18
Are mounted so as to be movable in the Z direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1). The X-direction slider 12, the Y-direction slider 16,
The rotary shaft head 20 slides in the X, Y, and Z directions by an electric motor (not shown). Therefore, the tool rotating shaft 18 can be moved and adjusted in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the work 14 fixed to the work post 4. The tool rotating shaft 18 is rotationally driven by a motor 22.

A magazine 28 is attached to the Y-direction slider 16. The magazine 28 is rotatable about a shaft 26 by a motor 24 and is movable in the X direction by a motor (not shown). A tool 62 mounted on a holder 64 is provided in the magazine 28.
And the collets 56 attached to the holder 58 are 4
It is housed by type.

FIG. 3 is a view of the magazine 28 seen from above, and eight pairs of holder holding claws 32a and 32b are provided. Each of the pawls 32a and 32b is rotatably attached to the periphery of the disk 38 by instruction pins 36a and 36b. The compression springs 34 are attached to the outside of the pair of holding claws 32a and 32b from the adjacent holding claws 32b and 32a, respectively, and are constantly urged toward the holding side. The magazine 28 can be rotated by the shaft 26, and the holder to be attached to the tool rotating shaft 18 is rotated to the position P1 in the figure. Next, the magazine 28 is moved in the X direction by the motor (not shown). Therefore, the holder existing in P1 in the figure moves to the position in P in the figure. This point P is directly below the tool rotary shaft 18, and the holder tool is attached to the rotary shaft 18 at this position. That is, the motor 24 for rotating the magazine 28 and the motor for feeding the magazine 28 in the X direction constitute a holder indexing device. Next, when the magazine 28 moves backward in the X direction to the position P1 in the figure, the holder attached to the tool rotation shaft 18 is taken out of the magazine 28. By the reverse operation, the used holder is returned to the magazine from the tool rotating shaft side.

As best shown in FIG. 3, the magazine 28 of this embodiment has eight holder accommodating points.
It is possible to accommodate 4 types of tools and 4 types of collets via holders. FIG. 4 shows a state when the collet is replaced. As best shown in FIG. 4, the tool rotary shaft 1
Reference numeral 8 is rotatable with respect to the head 20 via a bearing 40. A chuck operating rod 18c, a chuck 18b, and a tapered surface 18a are provided in the tool rotation shaft 18.

In the magazine 28, a collet 56 is housed in a collet holder 58. As shown in FIG. 4, the collet holder 58 includes a rear end portion 52 having the same shape as the tool rear end portion 62 and a tip end portion 54 having the same shape as the tool holder 64, which are integrally formed. A chuck neck 52a to be chucked by the chuck 18b and a tapered surface 52b that is in close contact with the tapered surface 18a are formed on the rear end portion 52 of the holder 58. These have the same shape as the tool rear end portion 62, as described later. Further, like the tool holder 64, the holder tip 54 has a holding claw 32 for the magazine 28.
A groove 54b for holding the a and 32b is opened. Further, an opening 54a is formed in the tip portion 54 of the holder 58 along the axis from the tip, and the collet 56 is accommodated therein.

An engagement groove 56c is formed on the side surface of the collet 56, and a pin 54e on the holder side is fitted therein to prevent the collet 56 from coming off the holder 54. The pin 54e is urged by a cap 54c fixed to the holder 58 and a spring 54d so as to fit into the engagement groove 56c.

On the other hand, the collet 56 has a stepped hole 56a on the upper side.
Is formed and a through hole 56b is formed in the axial center. The through hole 56b has a long hole shape as shown in FIG. 5, and the step hole 56a is a circular hole having a large diameter. A cylinder (not shown) is housed in the work fixing post 4, and its piston 49 moves up and down in the post 4 as an operating member of the collet. At the tip of the collet operating member 49, an engaging head 44 having an outer shape corresponding to the through hole 56b, and a thin neck portion 43 having a small diameter of the through hole 56b are formed. Therefore, when the engagement head 44 and the through hole 56b are in phase with each other, the engagement head 44 can be inserted through the through hole 56b, and once inserted, the engagement head 44 can rotate in the stepped hole 56a. The narrow neck portion 43 can rotate in the through hole 56b. When the engaging head 44 and the through hole 56b rotate so as to have different phases, they can no longer come out. A reference plate 4a that supports the work 14 is formed on the outer periphery of the post 4.

In the work phase adjusting device fixed to the fixed bed 2, the working post 10 is movable in the X, Y and Z directions by a cylinder (not shown), and the work 14 is opened at the tip thereof. Lever 11 with pin 15 fixed to engage hole 14a (shown in FIG. 5)
Is installed. When the operating post 10 moves in the Z direction, the pin 15 and the hole 14a are engaged with each other, and by moving in the X and Y directions in this state, the work 15 is phased.

The four types of tools housed in the magazine 28 have different cutting edge sides, but have a common shape on the side to be attached to the tool rotating shaft 18, and the collet holder 58 is provided.
It has a rear end portion having the same shape as the rear end portion 52. That is, the chuck neck 6 chucked by the chuck 18b.
It has a taper surface 62b that is in close contact with the taper surface 18c and 2a. The tool 62 penetrates the tool holder 64 and becomes rotatable, and the tool holder 64 is
Comes into contact with the end surface of the head 20 when attached to the tool rotation shaft 18. The tool holder 64 has the same outer shape as the front end portion 54 of the collet holder. The cutting edge of the tool penetrates through the tool holder 64 and extends downward, and in this state, the tool 62 co-rotates with the tool rotation shaft 18 while being supported by the holder 64.

Note that FIG. 4 shows the state in which the collet 56 and the collet holder 58 are attached to the tool rotating shaft 18, but the state in which the tool 62 and the tool holder 64 are not attached. However, even when the tool 62 and the tool holder 64 are attached, the numbers of the tool and the tool holder are added to the parts shown in the same figure.

Now, the operation of this apparatus will be described.
Now, four types of tools 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D are attached to the holders 64A, 64B, 64C, 64D, and four types of work collets 56A, 56B, 56.
C and 56D are collet holders 58A, 58B and 58
It is attached to C and 58D.
Four types of work, B, C and D, are to be processed. And the tool 62A and the holder 64A are
The machining of the type A is completed with the collet 56A engaged with the collet operating member 49, and the collet 56A is replaced for the machining of the type B as an example.

(1) First, the claws 32a and 32b (hereinafter, referred to as 32A) in the magazine 28 that does not house the holder.
Is rotated to the position P1 in FIG. (2) Next, the magazine 28 is moved in the X direction to position the claw 32A at the position P in FIG. (3) Next, the tool rotary shaft 18 is lowered together with the rotary shaft head 20. Then, the tool 62A and the holder 64A also descend. When the groove 64b of the holder 64A is held by the claw 32A, the descent is stopped. (4) Next, the chuck operating rod 18c is operated to release the chuck by the chuck 18b. (5) Then, the rotary shaft 18 is raised together with the head 20.

(6) As a result, the tool 62A and the holder 64 are
A remains in the magazine 28 and is removed from the tool rotary shaft 18. (7) Next, the magazine 28 is rotated to position the holder 58A for the collet 56A at the position P in FIG. (8) Next, the tool rotary shaft 18 is lowered, and the rear end of the holder 58A for the collet 56A is housed in the tool rotary shaft 18. (9) Operate the chuck operating rod 18c to collect the collet 58.
Chuck A. Further, the tool rotation shaft 18 is raised and the magazine 28 is retracted in the X direction. (10) Lower the tool rotary shaft 18, and hold the collet holder 58.
The collet 56A is housed in A. The pin 54e is lowered until it engages with the engagement groove 56c.

(11) Next, the tool rotating shaft 8 is rotated to match the phase of the through hole 56b of the collet 56A with the phase of the engaging head 44. (12) Then, the rotary shaft 18 is raised. Then Collet 5
6A exits the engaging head 44 and is lifted upward. (13) When the tool rotation shaft 18 has risen to a predetermined height, the magazine 28 is advanced in the X direction, and the holding claws 32a and 32b grip the groove 54b. (14) When the tool rotary shaft 18 is further raised, the collet holder 58A is left in the magazine 28, and the tool rotary shaft 18
Removed from. (15) Next, the magazine 28 is rotated to collect the collet holder 5
8B is placed at the position P in FIG.

(16) The tool rotating shaft 18 descends to accommodate the rear end portion 52 of the collet holder 58B in the tool rotating shaft 18. (17) The chuck operating rod 18c chucks the collet holder 58B on the tool rotating shaft 18. (18) Raise the tool rotation shaft 18, and raise the collet holder 58B.
And take out the collet 56B from the magazine 28. (19) Retract the magazine 28 in the X direction. (20) The tool rotating shaft 18 is lowered so that the engaging head 44 can pass through the through hole 56b of the collet 56B.

(21) The tool rotating shaft 18 is rotated to move the through hole 5
6b and the phase of the engaging head 44 are shifted. (22) Raise the tool rotation shaft 18. Then Collet 56
B engages with the engagement head 44 so that the work B can be fixed. (23) Next, the holder 64B accommodating the tool 62B is shown in FIG.
Position it at P. (24) The tool rotating shaft 18 is lowered, (26) The chuck operating rod 18c is operated to chuck the tool 62B, (28) The tool rotating shaft 18 is raised, and the tool 62B and the holder 6 are moved.
Remove 4B from magazine 28. (29) The magazine 28 is retracted in the X direction. As a result, the collet 56B engages with the collet operating member 49, the work B can be clamped by the collet 56B, and the work B can be machined by the tool 52B.

Instead of the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the entire base (pallet) 156d for positioning and clamping the work can be replaced. For this purpose, the base 156d on which the holder engaging portion 156a and the phase adjusting pin 156e are formed can be attached to and detached from the holder 158. Similar to the first embodiment, the holder 158 has a rear end portion 152 attached to the tool rotary shaft 18 and a front end portion 154 for accommodating in a magazine, which are integrally formed, and is similar to the first embodiment. . When the base 156d is fixed to the fixed bed 2 by the claw 3 which is opened and closed by the cylinder 5, the entire phase adjusting pin 156e and the base 156d are exchanged.

[0028]

According to the present invention, since not only the tool but also the collet for clamping and the base of the work can be automatically replaced by the tool replacement magazine and the holder indexing device, various works can be processed with various tools. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, the processing efficiency is significantly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the concept of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall view of one embodiment

[Figure 3] Detailed view of the magazine

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the essential parts of one embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the collet and the work.

FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the essential parts of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A: Holder indexing device; motor 24 etc. B: magazine; magazine 28 Holder: collet holder; 58 tool holder; 64 collet: 56 (jig) Tool: 62 C: tool rotating shaft; 18 D: collet operating member 49

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A processing machine comprising: a magazine containing a plurality of holders; and a holder indexing device for positioning any one of the holders contained in the magazine at a position where the holder is attached to and detached from a tool rotation shaft. A collet mounting holder is housed in the magazine, a collet for clamping a workpiece is detachably mounted on the collet mounting holder, and the collet mounting holder is mountable on the tool rotating shaft, A processing machine with an automatic changer, wherein a collet attached to the tool rotating shaft is engageable with a collet operating member provided on the bed side. 2. A processing machine comprising a magazine containing a plurality of holders, and a holder indexing device for positioning any one of the holders contained in the magazine at a position where the holder is attached to and detached from a tool rotation shaft. A base mounting holder is housed in the magazine, a base for positioning and clamping a workpiece is removably mounted on the base mounting holder, and the base mounting holder is mountable on the tool rotating shaft; A processing machine with an automatic changer, characterized in that a base attached to a tool rotating shaft can be engaged with a base operation member provided on the bed side.