JPH059799B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the case of performing manual performance on top of automatic performance, the music (for example, bright, dark, etc.) degree of strength (e.g., strong, weak,
Playing speed (e.g. faster, slower, etc.)
The present invention relates to a voice instruction device for an electronic musical instrument in which an instruction to change a tone color combination (for example, flute off, vibrato on, etc.) is given by voice.

As is well known, musical scores for electronic musical instruments contain not only the notes and rests that make up the song, but also musical symbols that indicate the song's idea, dynamics, performance speed, instructions for changing tone combinations, etc. There are various attachments. In order to accurately play the piece of music, it is necessary not only to accurately press the keys indicated by the notes, but also to perform in accordance with various other musical symbols.

By the way, for so-called beginners, it is difficult to accurately read even other musical codes because it takes a lot of effort to follow the corresponding keys along the notes marked on the musical score.

Therefore, in music classes for this type of electronic instrument, a teacher accompanies each student one-on-one, and during the student's performance, the teacher instructs the student by voice on the various symbols on the music score, and accurately identifies the subtle nuances of the piece. I am trying to express myself in this way.

However, in order to provide this kind of performance instruction, the teacher had to repeat the same instructions over and over again each time the students changed, which required a considerable amount of effort and caused the teacher to become separated from the teacher. When practicing at home, etc., students often return to their original state, making it difficult to have them acquire performance techniques efficiently.

This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and its purpose is to automatically give various instruction contents necessary for playing this type of electronic musical instrument by voice at the necessary places, An object of the present invention is to provide a voice instruction device for an electronic musical instrument, which allows efficient performance practice even in the absence of a teacher.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic performance data memory storing automatic performance data corresponding to a predetermined automatic performance consisting of a plurality of performance sections and tempo data instructing the tempo of the automatic performance; musical tone forming means for outputting a musical tone signal corresponding to automatic performance data read from the automatic performance data memory in accordance with a tempo indicated by tempo data stored in the automatic performance data memory; and the automatic performance data. a synthesis instructing means for instructing the synthesis of audio data corresponding to each performance section in synchronization with the timing at which automatic performance data corresponding to each performance section is read from the memory; and each performance stored in the automatic performance data memory. In correspondence with the section, the musical idea, performance strength, performance speed, etc. of the performance section,
an audio data memory storing audio data corresponding to instruction content of at least one of the combinations of tones, and in response to a synthesis instruction from the synthesis instruction means, based on the audio data stored in the audio data memory , and voice synthesis means for synthesizing voice signals at a synthesis speed unrelated to the tempo indicated by the tempo data stored in the automatic performance data memory.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The figure is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

First, the operation of the electronic musical instrument shown in this embodiment will be briefly explained. This electronic musical instrument has a first operation that generates musical tones corresponding to key presses on the melody keyboard, a second operation that automatically plays chords that make up a given song, and a third operation that automatically generates rhythm sounds. and a fourth action for pronouncing instructions to change the melodic idea, dynamics, performance speed, tone color combination, etc. in spoken words each time a necessary point in the chord performance arrives.

The data necessary for automatic chord performance is stored in the automatic performance data memory, and the data necessary for automatic chord performance is stored in the automatic performance data memory.
Audio data necessary for pronunciation, such as instructions to change the intensity, performance speed, and tone color combination, is stored in an instruction audio data memory. A dedicated score sheet is used to write the corresponding data into the automatic performance data memory and the instruction voice data memory. On the surface of this musical score sheet, a musical score constituting a predetermined program is displayed by printing, and a magnetic recording band is formed horizontally along the lower edge of the sheet. This magnetic recording band contains automatic performance data for the chords corresponding to the piece of music displayed on the score sheet, as well as audio instructions for instructing the melodic idea, dynamics, performance speed, tone selection combinations, etc. at midpoints of the piece. Data is stored in the form of spoken words.

On the other hand, the music stand (not shown) is equipped with a data reading device for reading this information from the magnetic recording medium of the musical score sheet, and the data read by this data reading device is stored in the automatic performance data memory and the above-mentioned automatic performance data memory. It is written into the instruction voice data memory.

Next, when the automatic performance operation is started after writing the corresponding data to each memory, the corresponding voice instructions will be executed from the instruction voice data memory as the automatic performance progresses, each time a necessary point arrives. It will be destroyed. These voice instructions include, for example, ``brighter'', ``slower'', ``faster and faster'', ``lower and weaker'', and ``lower and faster'', as traditionally given by teachers.
It is used to pronounce spoken words such as "flute off" and "vibrato on".

Therefore, according to this electronic musical instrument, after starting the automatic performance, necessary musical instructions are given by voice at necessary points as the automatic performance progresses, so that the musical composition, composition, etc. can be performed according to these instructions. By setting the strength, playing speed, and tone combination, you can achieve the same learning effect as one-on-one instruction from a teacher.

Next, the circuit operation shown in this example will be explained in more detail.

First, the data reading operation will be explained. In the figure, a musical score corresponding to a predetermined number of pieces of music is printed on the surface of a musical score sheet 1, and a magnetic recording band 2 is formed at the bottom thereof. This magnetic recording band 2 stores automatic performance data and instruction voice data. The automatic performance data corresponds to the chord performance of the song displayed on the sheet, and specifically, chord name data representing the chord name.
CORD/NAME, note length data LENGTH representing the note length of the chord, tempo data TEMPO representing the performance tempo in each performance section, and instruction measure data BAR representing the interval between measures to which some audio instructions should be given. It is composed of.

Here, the chord name data CORD・NAME is
For example, this is data representing chord names such as C major, A seven, etc. Also note length data
LENGTH represents the note length of the chord in terms of the number of tempo clocks TCL, which will be described later, with reference to one cycle. Also, tempo data
What is TEMPO? The performance tempo (for example, 80 quarter notes per minute) in the performance section is expressed by frequency division setting data of a variable frequency divider in a tempo oscillator, which will be described later. In addition, the indicated measure data
BAR is the length of time from a bar to the next similar bar in which a certain instruction is to be given, expressed as a number of bars based on one cycle of the tempo clock.

On the other hand, the instruction voice data VOICE is
phonetic words meaning various musical instructions (e.g.
Bright, slow, gradually faster, gradually weaker, flute off, vibrato on, etc.) are coded and expressed.

When this musical score sheet 1 is set in a data reading device 3 attached to a music stand (not shown) of an electronic musical instrument, the magnetic head of the reading device moves along the magnetic recording band 2, whereby each piece of data is converted into an electrical signal. The data is converted, S/P converted, and outputted from the data reading device 3 together with a predetermined write clock φ.

In this way, the chord name data CORD·NAME, chord note length data LENGTH, tempo data TEMPO, and designated bar data BAR output from the data reading device 3 are each given an identification code. And these data are clock φ
The data are sequentially written into the automatic performance data memory 4 by the action of the address control circuit 6 based on .

That is, the address control circuit 6 is provided with an address counter for controlling the address of the automatic performance data memory 4, and this address counter receives the switch SW1 output (hereinafter referred to as this).
READ) is “1” and switch SW2
When the output (hereinafter referred to as PLAY) is "0", the address is incremented in synchronization with the rising edge of the clock φ output from the data reading device 3. On the other hand, each of the above data CORD・NAME,
LENGTH, TEMPO, and BAR are output in synchronization with the rising edge of clock φ in the first half of one cycle of clock φ. As a result, these data sequentially output in series from the data reading device 3 are sequentially written into the automatic performance data memory 4 by the action of the address counter in the address control circuit 6.

On the other hand, the instruction voice data VOICE output from the data reading device 3 is sequentially written into the instruction voice data memory 5 by the action of the address control circuit 7.

That is, the address control circuit 7 is provided with an address counter for addressing the instruction voice data memory, and this address counter is activated when the signal READ is "0" and the signal PLAY is "1". is synchronized with the falling edge of the clock φ output from the data reading device 3,
It is configured to increment the address. Also,
The instruction voice data VOICE is output in synchronization with the clock φ in the latter half of one cycle of the clock φ. As a result, the instruction voice data VOICE output from the data reading device 3 is sequentially written into the instruction voice data memory 5 by the action of the address counter in the address control circuit 7.

In this way, when the switch SW1 is turned on and the switch SW2 is turned off, each data recorded on the magnetic recording medium 2 of the musical score sheet 1 is transferred to the automatic performance data memory 4 and the instructions via the data reading device 3. This means that it is written into the audio data memory 5.

Next, the operation in the performance mode will be explained. To set the performance mode, switch SW1 is turned off and switch SW2 is turned on. With this switch operation, the signal READ becomes "0" and the signal PLAY becomes "1".

When the data read mode is switched to the performance mode in this way, a predetermined initial process is performed in the address control circuit 6, and the built-in address counter is reset to a predetermined starting address. Automatic stepping is started in synchronization with a predetermined high speed clock.

As a result, each piece of stored data is sequentially read out from the automatic performance data memory 4 at high speed starting from the first address. Here, chord name data is stored in a series of addresses in the automatic performance data memory 4.
CORD/NAME and its note length data LENGTH are stored as a pair in the order of performance. In addition, between these pairs of data, tempo data TEMPO is stored each time the performance tempo is changed, and if there is a bar break that should give some kind of musical instruction, that break is also stored. The designated measure data BAR is stored at the timing of .
Further, each piece of data is attached with an identification code indicating the type of data. For the purpose of the following explanation, a series of data separated by chord note length data among the series of data stored in the automatic performance data memory 4 will be referred to as a data group.

After reading from the automatic performance data memory 4 starts, the tempo data is stored in the first data group.
If TEMPO exists, the tempo data is latched in the tempo latch circuit 8 based on the identification code attached to the data. Then, the tempo data latched in this tempo latch circuit 8
TEMPO is supplied to the tempo oscillator 12 as frequency division ratio setting data.

The tempo oscillator 12 includes a reference clock oscillator,
It consists of a variable frequency divider that divides the output of the reference clock oscillator, and the frequency division ratio of this variable frequency divider is set by the tempo data latched in the tempo latch circuit 8. Therefore, the tempo data latched in the tempo latch circuit 8
If the numerical value represented by TEMPO is large, the frequency division ratio of the variable frequency divider circuit constituting the tempo oscillator 12 also increases, and the tempo clock TCL output from the tempo oscillator 12 becomes slower. On the other hand, if the value of the numerical value represented by the data latched in the tempo latch circuit 8 is small, the frequency division ratio of the variable frequency dividing circuit constituting the tempo oscillator 12 becomes small, and the tempo clock TCL becomes faster. This tempo clock TCL is used as a reference clock in a note length detection circuit, an instruction data read timing control circuit 10, an autorhythm device 13, etc., which will be described later.

If chord note length data LENGTH exists in the data read from the automatic performance data memory 4, this data LENGTH is taken into the note length detection circuit 9 based on the identification code attached to the data. It will be done.

The note length detection circuit 9 receives chord note length data LENGTH.
The latch circuit for latching and the signal PLAY
a note length counter that is reset at the rising edge of "1" and counts the tempo clock TCL; a coincidence determination circuit that determines whether the counted output of this note length counter matches the note length data LENGTH latched in the latch circuit; It is composed of a signal processing circuit and the like that forms readout restart signals CNT and UP based on the output of the coincidence determination circuit. Further, the note length counter is repeatedly reset by the output of the coincidence determination circuit.

As a result, the reading restart signal CNT/UP switches from "1" to "0" at the same time that some note length data is latched in the latch circuit in the note length detection circuit 9, and the count of the note length counter changes. When the numerical value matches the value of the code length data LENGTH latched in the latch circuit, the value changes from "0" to "1".

On the other hand, the address control circuit 6
When READ is "0" and signal PLAY is "1", the built-in address counter is configured to increment at high speed only while the reread signal CNT・UP is in "1" state. ing.

Therefore, when data reading from the automatic performance data memory 4 is started and chord note length data is taken into the note length detection circuit 9 following a series of data groups, the readout restart signal CNT・UP is activated at the same time. The value changes from "1" to "0", thereby stopping the address counter in the address control circuit 6 from advancing, and reading data from the automatic performance data memory 4 is prohibited. By repeating the above steps, a series of data groups are sequentially read out from the automatic performance data memory 4 at time intervals represented by the chord note length data LENGTH. Therefore, the chord data constituting the music piece is sequentially supplied to the musical tone forming circuit 11 at the performance timing.

In the musical tone forming circuit 11, the chord name data CORD and CORD are sequentially supplied from this automatic performance data memory.
Based on NAME, select the constituent notes of the chord. For example, if the chord name is C, its constituent tones, C, E, and G, are selected. Each of the selected tones is converted into a corresponding musical tone signal, and then an appropriate decoration (for example, an arpeggio, etc.) is added thereto, and then the musical tone forming circuit 11
is output from. This musical tone signal is amplified via an amplifier 15 and then outputted from a speaker 16.
This causes the chord to be automatically played.

At the same time, a rhythm sound signal is outputted from the autorhythm device 13 at a playing speed determined by the tempo clock TCL, and after being similarly amplified by the amplifier 15, the rhythm sound signal is outputted to the speaker 1.
It is pronounced from 6 onwards. When the reading of data from the automatic performance data memory 4 is started in this way, the musical tone forming circuit 11 and the automatic rhythm device 1
3 sequentially output corresponding musical tone signals, and the speaker 16 generates an automatic performance sound. The speed of this automatic performance sound is controlled by changing the speed of the tempo clock TCL based on the tempo data TEMPO present in each data group read from the automatic performance data memory 4. By variously changing , it is possible to faithfully reflect the composer's intention in the piece of music and give appropriate intonation to the automatic performance sound.

While repeating the above steps and reading data groups one after another, if there is designated measure data BAR in the read data group, this data BAR
is taken into the instruction data read timing control circuit 10. Instruction data read timing control circuit 1
0 is latched by a latch circuit for latching the designated bar data BAR, a bar counter that is reset at the rising edge of the signal PLAY "1" and counts the tempo clock TCL, and the counting output of this bar counter and the latch circuit. The output of this match determining circuit is supplied to the address control circuit 7 as a read trigger pulse TRG. On the other hand, as mentioned above, the instruction measure data BAR uses the tempo clock to indicate the time interval between measures to which musical instructions should be given during the song.
Since it is expressed by the number of TCLs, the instruction data read timing control circuit 10 outputs a read trigger pulse TRG to the address control circuit 7 every time a measure to which the instruction should be given arrives.

In the address control circuit 7, the signal READ is “0”
and when the signal PLAY is "1", the built-in address counter is incremented by one each time the read trigger pulse arrives. As a result, during the performance of an automatic performance, each time a measure to which some musical instruction should be given arrives, the address counter is incremented by one, and the instruction corresponding to the measure is output from the instruction voice data memory 5. The audio data will be read out one by one.

As mentioned above, this instruction voice data means various musical instructions necessary for playing an electronic musical instrument, such as brighter, slower, gradually faster, gradually weaker, flute off, vibrato on, etc. This instruction voice data is supplied to the voice synthesizer 14.

The speech synthesizer 14 synthesizes and outputs corresponding speech signals based on the instruction voice data sequentially read out from the instruction voice data memory 5.

The audio signal output from the audio synthesizer 14 is
It is branched into two systems, one is supplied to the amplifier 15 via switch SW3, and the other is supplied to the switch SW3.
The signal is supplied to the earphone 17 via SW4.
The switches SW3 and SW4 are configured to alternately operate in opposite directions.

Therefore, if switch SW3 is pressed, each time a corresponding measure arrives during automatic performance, the audio word to be instructed in that measure will be pronounced from speaker 16, and in response, switch SW3 will be pressed.
If 4 is turned on, the corresponding voice instruction will be emitted only from the earphones every time a similar measure arrives. In other words, at the practice stage, there is no effect even if the performance sound and instruction sound are mixed, so turn on switch SW3 and turn on speaker 1.
6, it is sufficient to generate the instruction tone at the same time as the performance sound.On the other hand, when the performance is to be heard by an external audience such as at a recital, the performer can generate the instruction tone by himself/herself by turning on switch SW4. listen to
This also makes it possible to prevent the instruction sound from leaking to the outside.

In this way, when switch SW1 is turned off and switch SW2 is turned on to set the performance mode, automatic chord performance and automatic rhythm performance sounds will be emitted from the speaker 16, and each time a required measure arrives, the musical sound will be played. Instructions will be given in spoken words. On the other hand, if the melody keyboard 18 is pressed in time with the automatic performance, the pressed key detection circuit 19 will output a key code corresponding to the pressed key.
MEL/KC is output. In addition, if the tone control switch 21 selects a desired tone, such as flute off, vibrato on, etc., the musical tone forming circuit 20 will output a musical tone signal corresponding to the key pressed on the melody keyboard 18 as appropriate. The tone is controlled and output, and this musical tone signal is sent to the amplifier 15.
The sound is amplified through the speaker 16 and then outputted from the speaker 16. That is, the melody keyboard 18, the key press detection circuit 19, the musical tone formation circuit 20, and the tone control switch 21.
etc., you can perform normal manual performances.

Thus, according to the audio instruction device for an electronic musical instrument shown in this embodiment, after setting the musical score sheet 1 in the data reading device, turning on the switch SW1,
When the switch SW2 is turned off, the various data recorded on the magnetic recording medium 2 of the musical score sheet 1 are automatically read into the automatic performance data memory 4 and the instruction voice data memory 5. Next, by turning off the switch SW1 and turning on the switch SW2, the music sheet 1 will be output from the speaker 16.
The accompaniment sound for the song displayed will automatically start playing,
Moreover, the automatic performance changes automatically according to musical instructions displayed on the musical score, such as gradually becoming faster or gradually becoming weaker. At the same time, each time a necessary measure of the song arrives, a musical instruction is given in audio words, such as gradually faster or weaker, or even a flute off, in line with the automatic performance. .

Therefore, if you perform the performance operations on the melody keyboard 18 in accordance with the audio instructions described above, even beginners who can only follow the notes of the musical score will be able to understand the song's idea, dynamics, performance speed, etc.
Tone color combinations can be set accurately, making it possible to easily learn how to play this type of electronic musical instrument without the need for a teacher's one-on-one assistance.

In addition, if switch SW4 is turned on, voice instructions will start flowing only from earphone 17 and speaker 1.
Since no sound is produced from 6 onwards, by using the earphones 17 to listen to instructions in spoken words, it is possible to produce beautiful performance sounds that are free from noise such as voice instructions.

In addition, among musical instructions, it is difficult to set the tone combinations correctly even for those who are quite skilled at playing this type of electronic musical instrument, but with this device, it is possible to use the earphones mentioned above. Therefore, accurate tone color settings can be quickly made at the required performance location, and even those who are skilled at playing this type of electronic musical instrument can use it extremely effectively.

As is clear from the description of the embodiments above, the audio instruction device for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes automatic performance data corresponding to a predetermined automatic performance consisting of a plurality of performance sections and a tempo that instructs the tempo of the automatic performance. An automatic performance data memory in which data is stored, and a musical tone signal corresponding to the automatic performance data read out from the automatic performance data memory in accordance with the tempo indicated by the tempo data stored in the automatic performance data memory. and a synthesis instructing means for instructing the synthesis of audio data corresponding to each performance section in synchronization with the timing at which the automatic performance data corresponding to each performance section is read from the automatic performance data memory. , a sound in which audio data corresponding to at least one of the combinations of musical idea, performance dynamics, performance speed, and timbre of each performance section stored in the automatic performance data memory is stored. a data memory; in response to a synthesis instruction by the synthesis instruction means, based on the audio data stored in the audio data memory, synthesis is performed independent of the tempo indicated by the tempo data stored in the automatic performance data memory; The following effects can be obtained by including a voice synthesis means for synthesizing voice signals at a high speed.

(1) Even if you are a beginner who can only follow the notes on the score with your eyes, you can accurately select and adjust the song idea, playing dynamics, playing speed, voice combination, etc. according to the audio instructions. This makes it possible to achieve advanced performances relatively easily.

(2) Similarly, beginners can easily learn on their own how to select and adjust the idea of the song, the strength and weakness of the performance, the speed of play, the combination of tones, etc., which change as the performance progresses, by following the audio support. It is possible to eliminate the need for the teacher's instructions.

(3) Advanced users can accurately set even fairly complex tone combinations without relying on special memory.

(4) Since the accompaniment sound generated by automatic performance changes in accordance with the voice instruction, it is possible to perform a suitable musical tone that is in harmony with manual operation.

(5) Since the performance instructions are aurally given by voice, it is possible to immediately perform a performance according to the performance instructions.

(6) Since the voices instructing the performance are synthesized at a synthesis speed that is unrelated to the tempo of the performance, the voice instructions will not become difficult to hear depending on the tempo of the performance, and performance practice can be carried out efficiently. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of a voice instruction device for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Musical score sheet, 3... Data reading device, 4... Automatic performance data memory, 5... Instruction audio data memory, 6... Address control circuit, 7...
... Address control circuit, 11 ... Musical tone forming circuit, 1
3... Autorhythm device, 14... Voice synthesizer, 15... Amplifier, 16... Speaker, 17
...Earphones, 18...Melody keyboard, 19...
Key press detection circuit, 20... musical tone forming circuit, 21...
Tone control switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An automatic performance data memory storing automatic performance data corresponding to a predetermined automatic performance consisting of a plurality of performance sections and tempo data instructing the tempo of the automatic performance; musical tone forming means for outputting a corresponding musical tone signal in accordance with automatic performance data read out from the automatic performance data memory according to a tempo indicated by the stored tempo data; synthesis instructing means for instructing the synthesis of audio data corresponding to the performance section in synchronization with the timing at which the automatic performance data corresponding to the performance data is read out; At least one of the combinations of melody, performance strength, performance speed, and tone color of the performance section.
an audio data memory storing audio data corresponding to two instruction contents; and in response to a synthesis instruction from the synthesis instruction means, the automatic performance data memory 1. A voice instruction device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising voice synthesis means for synthesizing voice signals at a synthesis speed independent of the tempo indicated by stored tempo data.