JPH0591979A - Stereoscopic camera for fundus oculi - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a stereoscopic camera for fundus oculi having a fixed visual lamp which can be visually recognized by the testee and is easy to use for an image picking-up person by providing a control device which turns on and off a fixed visual indication selected by a selection device selecting a fixed visual indication either for a right eye or a left eye. CONSTITUTION:A microswitch 12 is fixed in a horizontally moving stage and a projected and recessed part 13 for actuating the switch in accordance with a switch piece 12' of the microswitch 12 in an intermediate supporting body, is formed. Fixed visual indications 50a and 50b are projected by light sources 48 and 49, and the sources 48 and 49 are turned on and off. When an indication is given in such a way that inner on and off side of a left or right fixed visual indication seen in the apparatus should be watched, a horizontally moving stage is, for example, moved to the right eye direction, a switch piece 12' moves in following the unevenness of an intermediate supporting body and the microswitch 12 is turned on and off. This signal is inputted into a microcomputor and the microcomputor controls the driving circuit of the light source to turn on and off only the indication 50b for the right eye.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic fundus camera, and more particularly to a fixation lamp suitable for guiding the papilla of an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicant of the present application has proposed, in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-188780, a stereoscopic fundus camera for stereoscopically photographing by separating a photographing light flux reflected by a fundus of an eye to be examined into two right and left light fluxes. As the fixation index of this device, each fixation index for the left and right eyes is fixedly arranged, and the fixation index is selectively presented to the subject's eye by the selection switch for the left and right eyes. Also, in the fundus camera for standard examination, in order to guide not only the papilla but also the macula into the same screen, the fixation indices for the left and right eyes are fixedly arranged so that the left and right eyes are fixed. The visual indicator is selectively turned on. Furthermore, in this type of camera, a switch placed in the center of the housing that houses the optical system detects whether the housing is on the left or right side with respect to the gantry, and based on this, the fixation is performed. A device for selecting lighting of an index is also known.

[0003]

However, in a stereoscopic fundus camera whose main purpose is to image the nipple in order to diagnose changes in the nipple during glaucoma diagnosis, two imaging light fluxes on the pupil are used. Therefore, the limit of the photographing field angle of the fundus is about 30 degrees. Therefore, the macula is located on the periphery of the screen or outside the screen, and the installation position of the fixation lamp is not always easy for the subject to see. Further, since the eye to be inspected moves its line of sight from the center of the device to the fixation lamp, it is difficult to find the fixation lamp because of the illumination light for observation illuminated from the center of the device. Therefore, the method of selectively presenting the fixation index of the conventional device is an example when the fixation lamp is near the center of the device and is not always preferable.

Further, an apparatus having a mechanism for detecting whether the housing is on the left or right side with respect to the gantry by means of a switch arranged in the center of the housing for housing the optical system is temporarily operated by re-alignment or the like. When the switch is activated, the illuminated fixation index will change. Further, according to this method, there is a problem that the arrangement position of the switch is naturally limited.

An object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic fundus camera having a fixation lamp which is easy for a subject to visually recognize and easy for a photographer to use.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the stereoscopic fundus camera of the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration. That is, (1) In a stereoscopic fundus camera having an illumination optical system for illuminating the fundus of the eye to be inspected and a photographing optical system for imaging the fundus of the eye to be inspected, the illumination optical system is used for the right eye to the fundus of the eye via the objective lens. And a fixation index projecting means for projecting a fixation index for the left eye together, a selection means for selecting a fixation index for the right eye or a left eye, and a blinking fixation index selected by the selection means It has a control means.

(2) The selection means of (1) is characterized by being an operation switch.

(3) The selecting means of (1) includes a detecting means for detecting the movement of the photographing optical system with respect to the eye to be inspected, and a guiding direction determining means for determining a guiding direction based on the detection result of the detecting means. It is characterized by having.

(4) The detection means of (3) is characterized by detecting the movement of the housing for housing the optical system or the movement of the sliding mount on which the housing is placed and which moves the housing.

(5) The guiding direction determining means of (3) is characterized in that it determines which of the left and right areas the photographing optical system is located in and determines the guiding direction accordingly.

(6) The guiding direction determining means of (3) and the means for determining which of the left and right eyes the photographing optical system is in and the photographing optical system are continuously in the same area for a predetermined time. And a means for determining whether or not it is characterized.

(7) The fixation index projection system of (1) is for guiding the papilla of the fundus of the eye to be examined, and is characterized in that it is provided around or outside the field of view for photographing.

[0013]

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Structure] (Housing and Sliding Frame) FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure of the apparatus of the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a partial front view showing a part of the internal structure.

Reference numeral 1 is a housing for housing optical systems such as an illumination optical system, a photographing optical system, and an observation optical system, which will be described later. The housing 1 is placed on the horizontal moving table 2 via the support columns 3 and is vertically moved by turning the adjustment knob 4. 5,5 '
Are two linear motion rails provided on the horizontal moving table 2 and extending parallel to the eye to be inspected in the left-right direction (direction orthogonal to FIG. 1). Each of the linear motion rails 5 and 5'is supported by the intermediate support 7 through a plurality of slide rollers 6a and 6a ', and the horizontal moving table 2 and the housing 1 placed on the horizontal moving table 2 are moved to the left and right. Can be relatively moved in the direction of the eye to be examined.

The intermediate support 7 is further provided with a slide roller 8
It is supported by two linear motion rails 10 and 10 'arranged on a gantry base 9 via a and 8a'. The linear motion rails 10 and 10 'extend in the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) in parallel to the eye to be inspected, and the intermediate support 7 serves as the horizontal moving table 2
At the same time, the linear motion rails 10 and 10 'guide the movable base 9 and move it in the front-back direction of the eye to be inspected. Reference numeral 11 denotes an operation lever for operating the sliding base, which moves the housing 1 in the horizontal direction by the operation lever 11 to adjust the position with respect to the eye to be inspected. 11a is a relay for photographing the fundus.
Switch on the top of the operation lever 11.

As shown in FIG. 2, a micro switch 12 is mounted inside the horizontal moving table 2, and a switch corresponding to a switch piece 12 'of the micro switch 12 is installed inside the intermediate support 7. Concavo-convex part 13 for operating is formed. When the housing 1 moves in the front-rear direction with respect to the eye to be inspected, the intermediate support 7 moves together with the horizontal moving table 2 with respect to the pedestal base 9, so that the intermediate support 7
The horizontal moving table 2 is moved only when moving horizontally with respect to the eye to be inspected. Therefore, it is possible to detect the electrical position in the left and right eye directions by operating the switch piece 12 '.

Reference numeral 14 designates a pillar which is planted in the pedestal base 7, 15 designates an examinee, 16 designates an chin rest on the middle of the pillar 14 on which the face of the examinee 15 is placed, and 17 designates Further, it is a forehead support located above it to fix the head of the subject 15, 18 is a vertical movement knob capable of moving the support column 14 up and down, 19 is an objective lens barrel, and 20 is a focusing knob. is there.

(Optical System) FIG. 3 is a schematic layout view of the optical system of this embodiment when viewed from the side, and FIG. 4 is a view of the optical system of FIG. 3 viewed from above. I. Illumination optical system 21 is a halogen lamp which is a light source for observation, 22 is a condenser lens, and 23 is a xenon flash lamp which is a light source for photographing. The halogen lamp 21 and the xenon flash lamp 23 are located conjugate with the condenser lens 22.

Reference numeral 24 is a beam splitter, and 25 is a relay.
The lens and 26 are aperture stops. 27 is a mirror for changing the optical path, 28 is an illumination system relay lens, 29 is an illumination diaphragm, 30 is a beam splitter, 31 is an illumination system relay lens, and 32 is a perforated mirror. The aperture stop 26 is composed of a ring-shaped slit, forms an intermediate image of the slit near the aperture of the perforated mirror 32, and perforates the mirror-3.
After being reflected by 2, the objective lens 33 forms a slit image near the cornea to illuminate the fundus of the eye 34 to be inspected.

B. The photographing optical system 35 is a two-hole diaphragm, and the two-hole diaphragm 35 is arranged so as to be conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be inspected through the objective lens 33, and the two-hole diaphragm 35 divides the light flux into two. Reference numerals 36 and 37 denote light beam separation prisms. The light beam separation prism 36 is for switching the left and right of the divided light beam, and the light beam separation prism 37 sets the light beams in parallel at a predetermined interval.

38 is a relay lens, 39 is a focusing lens, 41 is an image forming lens, and 42 is a film surface. The light beam reflected by the fundus of the eye to be examined forms an inverted intermediate image at the point A by the objective lens 33, and then passes through the opening of the perforated mirror 32, and the two-hole diaphragm 35 and the light beam separating prism 3 are provided.
After passing through Nos. 6 and 37, a film surface 42 is formed by a relay lens 38, a focusing lens 39, and an imaging lens 41.
A fundus image is formed on. By adjusting the focusing knob 20, the focusing lens 39 can be moved in the optical axis direction to adjust the refractive power of the eye to be inspected and focus the fundus image on the film surface 42.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a splash mirror, which switches the optical paths of the photographing optical system and the observation optical system, and is synchronized with the light emission of the xenon flash lamp 23.
Lamp 23 emits light at the same time
The photographing light flux from the fundus is guided to the film surface 42. 33-4
Reference numeral 1 (excluding 40) constitutes a photographing optical system.

C. Observation optical system The reflected light from the fundus guided through the objective lens 33 to the focusing lens 39 is reflected by the splashing mirror 40, and then the optical path is further changed by the mirror 43. The photographer 47 observes the fundus image of the subject's eye through the observation system imaging lens 44, the eyepiece field stop 45, and the eyepiece lens 46.

D. The index optical systems 48 and 49 are light sources that project the mask 50. The mask 50 is configured as shown in FIG.
b is a fixation index for the subject to fixate, and is for the left and right eyes. The fixation indices 50a and 50b are the light source 48,
Projected by 49, the light sources 48, 49 are turned on or blinking.

The mask 50 moves in the optical axis direction in conjunction with the focusing lens 39 to correct the refractive state of the eye to be examined. Reference numeral 51 denotes an auxiliary lens, which is arranged so that the fixation index incident on the eye to be examined does not change even if the mask 50 moves in the optical axis direction. That is, in this embodiment, the auxiliary lens 51, the beam splitter 30, the illumination system relay lens 31, and the objective lens 33 constitute a Badal optical system, and the combined focus of these is located at the pupil position. The index optical system is made coaxial with the illumination optical system by the beam splitter 30.

FIG. 6 is a view showing the field of view when the subject is facing the objective lens 33. Reference numeral 52 denotes an illumination area limited by the illumination diaphragm 29. 53 is a fixation index for the left eye, 5
Reference numeral 4 denotes a fixation index for the right eye, and as described above, the fixation index 53 for the left eye and the fixation index 54 for the right eye are both turned on at the same time, and alternatively, flashing is presented. The fixation indexes 53 and 54 are arranged at a position of 15 degrees to the left and right with respect to the photographing angle of view and 2 degrees upward, and at this time, the nipple can be brought to the center of the screen (see FIG. 7). The structure of such a mask is an example set for imaging around the nipple.

[Configuration] The operation of the above embodiment will be described. The jaw of the subject 15 is placed on the chin rest 16 and the head is placed on the forehead rest 17 to be seated. Then, the height is adjusted by the vertical movement knob 18 so that the eye 34 to be inspected can substantially face the objective lens barrel 19 of the fundus camera housing 1.

The halogen lamp 21, which is the observation light source of the optical system main body housed in the housing 1, is turned on to illuminate the eye 34 to be inspected. The photographer operates the sliding mechanism back and forth and left and right with the operation lever 11, and further moves the casing 1 up and down with the adjustment knob 4 to match the slit image of the aperture diaphragm 26 of the illumination system in the cornea with the pupil of the eye 34 to be inspected. This will align the optical system. When the alignment is almost completed, the fundus is illuminated with the illumination light.

It is instructed to pay attention to the blinking side of the left and right fixation indices visible inside the device. When the horizontal moving table 2 moves in the right eye direction, the switch piece 12 ′ moves following the unevenness of the intermediate support 7 to turn on / off the micro switch. The signal from the micro switch is processed and input to a micro computer (not shown), and the micro computer controls the drive circuit of the light source 49 to blink only the right eye index 50b.

Next, the alignment is finely adjusted while observing the fundus image. The reflected light at the fundus forms an intermediate image A after passing through the objective lens 33. This fundus image is an inverted image. After that, it passes through the perforated mirror 32, and the light flux is split into two light fluxes on the left and right by the two-hole diaphragm 35. The light beam split into two light beams is separated by the light beam separation prism 36 by interchanging the left and right light beams. The separated light beam is reflected by the prism 37a,
After being respectively reflected by b, the relay lenses 38a and 38b, the focusing lenses 39a and 39b, and the observation system imaging lens 44
An image is formed on the eyepiece field stop 45a, b by a and b. This fundus image is an erect image. The photographer can observe the fundus through the eyepieces 46a and 46b for stereoscopic observation of the fundus. The photographer observes the left and right fundus images and turns the focusing knob 20 interlocked with the focusing lenses 39a and 39b to adjust the focus to a position conjugate with the film surface 42, and at the same time, the left and right images are illuminated by illumination light. Fine-tune the alignment to eliminate flare.

Alignment and focusing are completed,
When the shooting button is pressed, the flip-up mirror 40 in the shooting system flips up in synchronization with it and the xenon flash lamp 23 emits light. When the xenon flash lamp 23 emits light, a fundus image is captured on the film surface 42. The above operation is controlled by a microcomputer (not shown) inside the apparatus except for the manual operation. The fundus images thus photographed are a pair of stereo images as shown in FIG.

[0032]

Second Embodiment In the first embodiment, the on / off signal of the microswitch is used to determine which of the left and right eyes the horizontal moving table 2 is located on, and the blinking of the light source 48 or 49 is directly controlled by this. In the second embodiment, the light sources 48 and 49 are determined by determining which side the horizontal moving table 2 is on for a predetermined time.
Is a device for controlling the blinking of. For convenience of explanation, the apparatus of the first embodiment is used as it is, except for the software of the microcomputer. Figure 8 shows the flow for controlling the blinking of the light source.
It's a chart. Only when the horizontal moving table 2 is on the left or right side for a certain period of time (for example, 1.5 seconds), a control signal for blinking the light source is sent.

In the initial state, the light source on the left eye side may be constantly blinked, and a control signal for only switching the blinking direction may be given. With this configuration, the degree of freedom in the arrangement position of the detector such as the micro switch is increased, and blinking switching of the fixation index with respect to temporary movement is prevented.

[0034]

According to the present invention, since the left and right fixation indices are both presented, it is easy to recognize the presence of the fixation indices and it is easy to guide the gaze direction by blinking. In addition, it is possible to automatically select and set the blinking index at a predetermined position for the left and right eyes to blink, which is also excellent in shooting operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of an apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a partial front view showing a part of the internal structure.

FIG. 3 is a schematic layout diagram of an optical system when the present embodiment is viewed from the side.

4 is a view of the optical system of FIG. 3 as viewed from above.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a mask configuration.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a field of view when a subject is facing an objective lens.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a photographed fundus image.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart for controlling blinking of a light source.

[Explanation of symbols]

 7 Intermediate support 12 Micro switch 12 'Switch piece 13 Concavo-convex part 26 Aperture stop 33 Objective lens 35 Two-hole stop 39 Focusing lens 40 Splashing mirror 45 Eyepiece field stop 50 Mask

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A stereoscopic fundus camera having an illumination optical system for illuminating the fundus of the eye to be inspected and a photographing optical system for photographing the fundus of the eye to be inspected, the right eye to the fundus to be inspected through the objective lens from the illumination optical system. And a fixation index projecting means for projecting a fixation index for the left eye together, a selection means for selecting a fixation index for the right eye or a left eye, and a blinking fixation index selected by the selection means A stereo fundus camera having a control means. 2. The stereoscopic fundus camera according to claim 1, wherein the selecting means is an operation switch. 3. The selecting means according to claim 1, further comprising a detecting means for detecting a movement of the photographing optical system with respect to an eye to be inspected, and a guiding direction determining means for determining a guiding direction based on a detection result of the detecting means. A stereoscopic fundus camera that is characterized. 4. The stereoscopic fundus camera according to claim 3, wherein the detecting means detects the movement of a housing that houses the optical system or the movement of a sliding mount on which the housing is mounted and which moves the housing. 5. The stereoscopic fundus camera according to claim 3, wherein the guiding direction determining means determines which of the left and right areas the photographing optical system is located in, and thereby determines the guiding direction. 6. The guiding direction determining means according to claim 3 determines whether the photographing optical system is in which region of the left and right eyes, and whether the photographing optical system is continuously in the same region for a predetermined time. A stereoscopic fundus camera, which comprises: 7. The stereoscopic fundus camera, wherein the fixation index projection system according to claim 1 is for guiding the nipple portion of the fundus of the eye to be inspected, and is provided around or outside the field of view for photographing. ..