JPH0587485A - Plate fin type heat exchanger and heat exchanging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a small-sized outer cylinder to be attained and farther to enable non-condensed gas to be prevented from being condensed in the case that a plate fin type heat exchanger is stored in an outer cylinder to apply it as a condensor or a condensing evaporator and to reduce an installing area including a piping around the heat exchanger even in the case that it is applied as a heat exchanger for performing a heat exchanging operation between gas and gas and/or gas and liquid. CONSTITUTION:When headers 52, 53 for flowing-in and/or flowing-out fluid into or out of a fluid chamber of a plate-fin type heat exchanger 51 are connected with feeding-in pipes and/or feeding-out pipes 55, 56 for feeding-in and/or feeding-out fluid to or out of the headers, both feeding-in pipes and/or feeding- out pipes 55, 56 are connected while their axis lines being in tangential to a circle having central axes of the headers 52, 53 acting as a center thereof.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plate fin type heat exchanger and a heat exchange device, and more particularly to a pipe mounting structure for introducing and / or discharging a heat exchange fluid into a plate fin type heat exchanger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, a plate fin type heat exchanger has a plurality of partition plates with a plurality of partition plates, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-56592. A fluid chamber is defined, a heating fluid and a cooling fluid are respectively circulated in the fluid chambers on both sides of the partition plate, and heat is exchanged between the fluids.

Such a plate fin type heat exchanger is
It is widely used in various gas separation devices such as air liquefaction separation devices. For example, FIGS. 7 and 8 show a heat exchange device,
It shows an example in which a plate fin type heat exchanger is used as a condenser of an air liquefaction separation device.

This condenser is connected to the upper part of the rectification column 1, and the condensed gas in the upper part of the rectification column 1 is condensed into a condensed gas conduit 2
Through the condensed gas inlet pipe 3 and the condensed gas inlet header 4 into the condensed gas flow path (condensation side fluid chamber) of the heat exchanger 5, and the fluid in the condenser outer cylinder 6 flowing into the evaporation side fluid chamber. The refrigerant is condensed by being heat-exchanged and discharged as a condensate from the lower condensate outlet header 7 to the condensate outlet pipe 8 and the condensate conduit 9.

In the above condenser, the heat exchanger 5 generally has the condensed gas inlet pipe 3, the condensed gas inlet header 4, the condensed liquid outlet header 7, the condensed liquid outlet pipe 8 and the installation leg 10 in the main body. Is manufactured by welding and integrating
The rectification tower 1 and the condenser outer cylinder 6 which are separately manufactured are incorporated. Therefore, in order to incorporate the heat exchanger 5 into the condenser outer cylinder 6, the condensed gas introduction pipe 3 and the condensed liquid discharge pipe 8 are required.
The heat exchanger 5 so that it does not hit the condenser outer cylinder 6.
Of the heat exchanger so that it is inserted into the condenser outer cylinder 6 and then the condensed gas introduction pipe 3 and the condensed liquid discharge pipe 8 are inserted into the through holes provided in the condenser outer cylinder 6. It was necessary to move the whole 5.

Therefore, each part of the heat exchanger 5 has a condenser outer cylinder 6
It was necessary to design the heat exchanger 5 and the condenser outer cylinder 6 so as not to hit the above condition, and the condenser outer cylinder 6 had to be designed larger than the outer dimensions of the heat exchanger 5.

Further, since the condensed gas conduit 2 and the condensed liquid conduit 9 are external pipes of the condenser outer cylinder 6 and the rectification tower 1, the pipes around the condenser and the rectification tower are complicated, and the rectification tower and its surroundings are complicated. Was hindering the compactness of the piping.

Further, when the condensed gas contains non-condensed gas, as shown in FIG.
It is necessary to dispose the noncondensable gas outlet pipe 11 on the upper part of the condensate outlet header 7 to discharge the noncondensable gas so that the noncondensable gas is not concentrated in the heat exchanger 5.

However, since the noncondensable gas outlet pipe 11 is usually set to have a diameter considerably smaller than that of the condensed gas inlet pipe 3 and the condensed liquid outlet pipe 8, the noncondensed gas contains the condensed gas inlet header 4 and the condensed liquid outlet header. 7 remained on the top of the heat exchanger 5, which flowed into the condensed gas flow path of the heat exchanger 5 and made the amount of heat of condensation unstable, which may hinder the operation on the condensation side. Further, when the product gas is required to have an extremely high purity, it is one of the factors that make it difficult to make the product gas highly purified.

Next, FIG. 9 shows an example of a large plate fin type heat exchanger, which is composed of a plurality of five heat exchangers shown in FIG. 7, and is gas-gas and / or gas- It has a structure for performing heat exchange between a plurality of sets of liquids.

In such a large heat exchanger 20,
A large number of headers 21 for inflowing and / or outflowing a fluid into and from the internal heat exchange fluid chamber are attached at necessary positions, and fluid introduction and / or derivation pipes are connected to the headers 21. .. Of the pipes for introducing and / or discharging the fluid, the pipe 22 for introducing and / or discharging the liquid
Is a pipe having a diameter smaller than that of the header 21. In order to prevent accumulation of liquid or gas, the pipe is horizontally or slanted so as to be displaced above or below the horizontal line passing through the central axis of the header 21. ing. Further, as the gas introducing and / or deriving pipe 23, a pipe having a larger diameter than the liquid introducing and / or deriving pipe 22 is used and is connected in the radial direction of the header 21.

In such a large-sized heat exchanger, the headers and pipes located on the sides, especially the pipe 23 for introducing and / or discharging gas, are large in size and generally require a joint such as an elbow or teeth. Therefore, there is a problem in that the widthwise dimension of the heat exchanger including the piping dimension becomes large.

Particularly, in the case of a gas-gas heat exchanger having a large processing flow rate, 10 or more large heat exchangers as described above may be installed, and a heat exchanger including a pipe for each heat exchanger may be installed. A large installation area leads to an increase in the installation area of the entire device.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the plate fin type heat exchanger is housed in the outer cylinder and used as a condenser or a condensation evaporator, the outer cylinder can be downsized and the non-condensed gas can be prevented from being concentrated. -To provide a plate fin type heat exchanger capable of reducing the installation area including piping around the heat exchanger even when used as a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between gas and / or gas-liquid. Has a purpose.

[0015]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention comprises a header for allowing a fluid to flow into and / or out of a fluid chamber of the plate fin type heat exchanger, When joining an inlet pipe and / or an outlet pipe for introducing and / or discharging the fluid to the header, the axis of the inlet pipe and / or the outlet pipe is tangential to a circle centered on the central axis of the header. The feature is that they are joined together.

Further, in the plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention, the inlet pipe and / or the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet pipe for the non-condensable gas in the upper part thereof, and the inlet pipe and / or the outlet pipe are It is characterized in that it is formed of a pipe having a thermal expansion joint, and that the introduction pipe and / or the extraction pipe are constituted by a plurality of straight pipe portions and a plurality of curved pipe portions.

Further, the heat exchange device of the present invention is characterized in that the plate fin type heat exchanger having the above-mentioned structure is housed in a container and one of the fluid chambers is communicated with the container as an open chamber. Furthermore, the plate fin type heat exchanger is characterized by being stacked in multiple layers in the vertical direction.

[0018]

[Operation] By configuring the plate fin type heat exchanger as described above, the entire heat exchanger can be manufactured in a small size, and the non-condensed gas is concentrated and accumulated in the condensing flow path system. Can be prevented. In addition, in the multi-stage heat exchange device using this structure, the entire configuration becomes compact and the size can be reduced.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

First, FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a condenser using the plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention, and have the same functions as those shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Is to have.

The heat exchanger 51 shown in this embodiment differs from the conventional heat exchanger 5 only in the mounting directions of the condensed gas inlet header 52 and the condensed liquid outlet header 53.
Other configurations such as an internal structure (not shown) are made in the same manner, and a leg portion 54 for installation is provided on the side surface thereof.
Condensed gas introduction pipe 5 is provided on both headers 52 and 53, respectively.
5 and the condensate outlet pipe 56 are formed integrally with each other.

The headers 52 and 53 and the condensed gas inlet pipe 55 or the condensed liquid outlet pipe 56 are circles with the axes of the inlet pipe 55 and outlet pipe 56 centered on the central axes of the headers 52 and 53. Are connected so as to be in a substantially tangential direction, and the introduction pipe 55 and the discharge pipe 56 are arranged so that their axes are vertical when the heat exchanger 51 is installed inside the condenser outer cylinder 57 which is a container. It is installed.

A condensed gas conduit 59 for introducing condensed gas in the upper part of the rectification column 58 into the heat exchanger 51 is connected to the lower end of the condensed gas introducing pipe 55, and the condensed liquid discharging pipe 5
At the lower end of 6, a condensate conduit 60 for delivering condensate
Are connected. Further, a non-condensable gas outlet pipe 62 is provided at the upper ends of the introduction pipe 55 and the discharge pipe 56 via a pipe joint 61 such as a perforated flat plate, a mirror plate or a reducer.

By connecting the headers 52 and 53 to the condensed gas introduction pipe 55 and the condensed liquid discharge pipe 56 in this manner, the heat exchanger 51 is connected to the condenser outer cylinder 57 as in the conventional case.
Since it is not necessary to move the heat exchanger 51 in the lateral direction when it is installed inside, the diameter of the condenser outer cylinder 57 can be reduced close to the maximum dimension of the heat exchanger 51.

In addition, in this type of condenser, since the liquefied gas serving as a refrigerant is stored and operated in the condenser outer cylinder 57 in accordance with the height of the heat exchanger 51, the condenser is operated. Reducing the diameter of the outer cylinder 57 reduces the amount of liquefied gas to be stored, and also makes it possible to shorten the startup time of an air liquefaction separation device or the like using the condenser.

The pipes for introducing the condensed gas and the condensed liquid can be internal pipes in the condenser outer cylinder 57 and the rectification column 58. Therefore, the pipes around the condenser and the rectification column can be set. Can be simplified, and the cold box accommodating such a condenser and rectification tower can be downsized.

Further, since the non-condensed gas outlet pipe 62 is provided at the upper ends of the condensed gas inlet pipe 55 and the condensed liquid outlet pipe 56, it is possible to prevent the non-condensed gas from condensing and staying in the headers 52 and 53. It is possible to prevent the non-condensed gas from flowing into the condensed gas passage. In addition, as compared to the conventional case where the non-condensable gas outlet pipe is directly attached to the header, the diameter of the pipe can be set relatively freely. It is possible to prevent concentration and retention of gas.

In particular, since the noncondensable gas outlet pipe 62 is provided at the upper end of the condensate outlet pipe 56 provided vertically, this part functions as a gas-liquid separator and ensures separation of the noncondensable gas. Will be able to. In particular, by applying this configuration to a condenser evaporator provided in a rectification column for collecting high-purity nitrogen gas for the semiconductor industry, which has recently been in high demand, many effects can be obtained.

The condensate outlet header 53 and the condensate outlet pipe 56 may be connected in the radial direction as in the conventional case, and the heat exchanger 51 may be moved and installed in the condenser outer cylinder 57. Since the pipe on the condensate outlet side has a small pipe diameter, the amount of movement is smaller than that of the conventional one.Therefore, even if only the condensed gas inlet pipe side with a large pipe diameter has the above structure, it will be outside the condenser. It is possible to reduce the size of the cylinder 57. Further, since the pipe on the condensate outlet side has a small pipe diameter, it does not pose a problem in reducing the size of the cold box even if it is used as an external pipe.

Further, in this embodiment, the vertical axis of the heat exchanger 51 is aligned with the axis of the condenser outer cylinder 57, but by shifting the axis by the small amount of the condensate outlet header 53, It is also possible to form the condenser outer cylinder 57 with a smaller diameter. In this case, it is preferable for manufacturing that the installation leg portion 54 is not provided at the center of the heat exchanger 51 but provided at a position corresponding to the axis of the condenser outer cylinder 57.

Here, the size of the condenser outer cylinder 6 when the heat exchanger 5 having the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and the heat exchanger 51 shown in the above embodiment are used. The size of the condenser outer cylinder 57 is compared. The main dimensions of the heat exchanger are the same as shown below.

Heat exchanger body width: 1200 m
m, depth: 1650 mm Condensed gas inlet header radius: 204 mm Condensed gas inlet pipe diameter: 324 mm Condensate outlet header radius: 124 mm Condensate outlet pipe diameter: 168 mm In the case of the conventional structure to accommodate the heat exchanger of the above specifications While the inner diameter of the condenser outer cylinder 6 needs to be 2400 mm, the inner diameter of the condenser outer cylinder 57 is 2 in the structure of this embodiment.
It can be 168 mm, and the diameter can be reduced by about 10%.

Considering that the liquid amount of the liquefied gas serving as a refrigerant is approximately proportional to the bottom area of the outer cylinder of the condenser with the same liquid level height, the conventional bottom area is about 4.5 m ^2. In the case of the present embodiment, it is about 3.7 m ² , which is about 18%.
Can be reduced. That is, the startup time can be shortened by about 18%.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the condenser using the plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention. The heat exchanger 71 in the present embodiment includes the condensed gas inlet pipe 73 connected to the condensed gas inlet header 72 and the condensed liquid outlet pipe 75 connected to the condensed liquid outlet header 74, respectively, as described above. , The axis of the outlet pipe 75 is connected and welded integrally so as to be in the tangential direction of a circle centered on the central axis of both headers 72, 74, and the condensed gas inlet pipe 73 is open at the top, The structure is substantially the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment except that the lower part is closed by the blind plate 76.

Further, similarly to the above, the leg portion 77 for installation is provided on the side surface of the heat exchanger 71, and the pipe joint 78 such as a perforated flat plate, end plate or reducer is provided at the upper end portion of the outlet pipe 75.
A non-condensable gas outlet pipe 79 is provided via the.

The condensed gas conduit 80 in the heat exchanger 71 of this embodiment is composed of a condensed gas introduction pipe 73 and a rectification tower 81.
3 straight pipes 82 and 2 curved pipes (elbows) 8 between
3 and one thermal expansion joint (bellow) 84 are combined.

By configuring the condensed gas conduit 80 in this way, it is possible to prevent damage to the piping or the like due to thermal stress when the temperature difference between the upper portion and the bottom portion of the refrigerant in the condenser outer cylinder 85 is large. ..

By combining the curved pipe 83 and the thermal expansion joint 84 as described above, it is possible to withstand a large thermal stress, but either one may be used depending on the magnitude of the thermal stress.

Also, as shown in the figure, a condensed gas conduit 80
By providing the non-condensed gas outlet pipe 86 at the top of the
It is possible to reliably prevent the non-condensed gas from being concentrated in the condensed gas inlet header 72.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show, as another example of the heat exchange apparatus, one embodiment of a condenser evaporator in which the heat exchangers having the above-mentioned structure are stacked one above the other.

The condenser-evaporator 101 is provided between the lower tower 102 and the upper tower 103 of the double rectification tower, and the partition board 104 for partitioning the upper and lower towers and the partition board 106 for vertically partitioning the inside of the outer cylinder 105. A horizontal heat exchanger 107 is arranged in each of the compartments defined by.

In FIG. 4, the uppermost stage shows the front of the heat exchanger 107, and the second stage from the top shows 90 degrees to show the laminated state of the fluid chambers (oxygen chamber and nitrogen chamber) of the heat exchanger 107. The rotated cross section shows the cross section of the oxygen chamber, which is the evaporation chamber, in the third stage, and the cross section of the nitrogen chamber, which is the condensation chamber, in the bottom stage. However, only one of the heat exchangers 107 is shown in the second stage.

First, liquefied oxygen, which serves as a refrigerant for condensing and liquefying nitrogen gas introduced from the lower tower 102, is transferred to the upper tower 10.
From the bottom of the rectification stage 108 of No. 3 through the liquefied oxygen downcomer 109 into the uppermost compartment, and further cover pipe 110
It flows down into the lower compartment one after another via the downflow pipe 111 surrounded by. Liquefied oxygen in each compartment flows into the oxygen chamber of the heat exchanger 107 and evaporates to become oxygen gas, which rises in the oxygen gas rising pipe 112, and a part of the upper tower 1
03 ascending gas, part of which is used as product oxygen gas in pipe 1
It is extracted from 13.

On the other hand, the nitrogen gas in the upper part of the lower tower 102 rises in the nitrogen gas rising pipe 114, branches into the condensed gas introduction pipe 115 of each heat exchanger 107, and flows into the nitrogen chamber from each condensed gas inlet header 116. Then, it exchanges heat with the liquefied oxygen to condense into liquefied nitrogen. This liquefied nitrogen is
After being discharged from the condensate outlet header 117 in the lower part of the heat exchanger 107 to the outside of the outer cylinder 105 via the condensate outlet pipe 118 and gathered in the liquefied nitrogen pipe 119, a part thereof is introduced as a reflux liquid into the lower column 102 by the pipe 120. And a part of the product is extracted as liquid liquefied nitrogen from the pipe 121.

A non-condensable gas outlet pipe 122 is provided at the top of the nitrogen gas rising pipe 114 and at the top of the condensate outlet pipe 118, and a liquefied oxygen extraction pipe 123 is provided at the bottom of each compartment. It is provided. In addition, a valve for adjusting the flow rate, blowing, or the like is provided at a main part of each pipe.

By applying the present invention to the heat exchanger used in the condensing evaporator having such a structure, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchanger 107 and the liquefied oxygen downcomer 1 are provided in the outer cylinder 105.
09, the downflow pipe 111, the oxygen gas rising pipe 112, the nitrogen gas rising pipe 114, etc. can be efficiently arranged, and if the processing amount is the same, the diameter of the outer cylinder 105 can be reduced, and the outer cylinder 105.
With the same diameter, the processing capacity can be increased.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention is applied to the large-sized heat exchanger shown in FIG. 9, and the gas located on the side of the main body of the heat exchanger. Introducing and / or deriving piping 91 is provided in a tangential direction of a circle centered on the axis of each header 92.

By connecting the pipe 91 and the header 92 in this way, it is possible to eliminate the thick pipe protruding in the width direction from the heat exchanger main body portion, so that the installation area of the heat exchanger can be reduced. In addition, the installation area of a device that requires a large number of heat exchangers with a large processing flow rate can be greatly reduced. This requires a large heat transfer area, and its effect is remarkable when it is adopted in the case of a large-capacity heat exchanger in which a plurality of units are housed in a cool outer tank.

As a result, the overall size of the apparatus can be reduced, and by combining with the simplification of the piping around the condenser and the rectification column, the size and cost of the apparatus using this type of heat exchanger can be reduced. Can be down.

[0050]

As described above, in the plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention, the pipes for introducing and / or discharging the fluid are provided in a substantially tangential direction of a circle centered on the axis of the header. The amount of protrusion of the pipe in the width direction can be reduced, and the heat exchanger and its surroundings can be made compact. Further, when the heat exchanger is built in and housed in a container, for example, a condenser outer cylinder, lateral movement at the time of assembling due to protrusion of piping can be eliminated, or a slight amount can be eliminated. It is possible to reduce the diameter. Furthermore, since the pipe can be an internal pipe, the pipe around the condenser can be simplified.

Therefore, by using the plate fin type heat exchanger, various heat exchange devices such as a condenser, a condensing evaporator, a main heat exchanger, a subcooler, a liquefier and a circulation heat exchanger in an air liquefaction separation device are used. By configuring the above, the piping can be simplified and the installation area can be reduced, and the entire apparatus can be downsized and the cost can be reduced.

Further, in the case where the liquefied gas is stored in the condenser outer cylinder such as the condenser to operate, the required amount of liquid can be reduced by reducing the diameter of the condenser outer cylinder. The time can be shortened, the amount of liquefied gas released when the apparatus is stopped can be reduced, and the operating cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a condenser using a plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the condenser using the plate fin type heat exchanger of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a condenser evaporator in which plate fin type heat exchangers of the present invention are stacked in upper and lower stages.

FIG. 5 is a transverse sectional view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing an embodiment of a large heat exchanger to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a condenser using a conventional plate fin type heat exchanger.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing an example of a conventional large-sized heat exchanger.

[Explanation of symbols]

51, 71 ... Heat exchanger 52, 72 ... Condensed gas inlet header 53, 74 ... Condensate outlet header 55,
73 ... Condensed gas inlet pipe 56, 75 ... Condensate outlet pipe
57, 85 ... condenser outer cylinder 58 ... rectification tower 59 ...
Condensed gas conduit 60 ... Condensed liquid conduit 62, 79, 86 ...
Non-condensed gas outlet pipe 80 ... Condensed gas conduit 81 ... Fractionation tower 84 ... Thermal expansion joint

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In a plate fin type heat exchanger having a plurality of partition plates defining a plurality of fluid chambers, a header for allowing fluid to flow into and / or out of the fluid chamber, and for introducing and / or introducing the fluid to the header. Or lead-out pipe and / or
Alternatively, the plate fin type heat is characterized in that, when joining the lead-out pipe and the lead-out pipe, the lead-in pipe and / or the lead-out pipe are joined to each other with the axis of the lead pipe being substantially tangential to the center of the header. Exchanger. 2. The plate fin type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the inlet pipe and / or the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet pipe for non-condensable gas at an upper portion thereof. 3. The plate fin type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the inlet pipe and / or the outlet pipe is formed of a pipe having a thermal expansion joint. 4. The plate fin type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the inlet pipe and / or the outlet pipe is composed of a plurality of straight pipe portions and a plurality of curved pipe portions. 5. A heat exchange device using the plate fin type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the plate fin type heat exchanger is housed in a container, and one of the fluid chambers is an open chamber. A heat exchange device characterized by being communicated with the inside of the container. 6. A heat exchange device comprising the plate fin type heat exchanger according to claim 1 stacked in a multi-stage structure.