JPH0586551B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a grain drying apparatus for drying grain using drying air.

[Prior Art] In order to dry grain, a circulation-type grain drying device is used, which circulates and flows the grain inside the machine while supplying drying air to dry the grain.

In this type of grain drying equipment, an air guide path and an air exhaust path are formed by air permeable partition walls.
Furthermore, the space between the air guide path and the air exhaust path is a grain flow path through which grains naturally flow down. These air channels,
A drying section is composed of an air exhaust path and a grain flow path.

A grain tank is formed above the drying section, and the loaded grains are lifted and transported to the top of the apparatus by a conveying means, and then scattered and deposited in the grain tank.

Further, a maximum charging amount detection sensor is arranged in the grain tank, and when the grain filling reaches the full amount, this sensor is activated to automatically stop the charging operation. After the grain filling is completed, a start switch for a burner or the like is operated to allow the grain stored in the grain tank to flow down naturally in the grain flow passage while supplying drying air for drying.

By the way, in this case, the maximum tensioning amount detection sensor only acts to stop the tensioning work.
Drying operations such as starting the burner and supplying drying air could be started regardless of the amount of grain loaded. For this reason, it is necessary to always visually check the amount of filling.If this is not done, drying may be started carelessly even though the amount of filling is small, and there is a risk of overdrying due to insufficient amount of filling. It was hot.

Furthermore, if the loading amount is extremely small and the grain is not deposited to the top of the grain flow channel (in other words, the tops of the air guide channel and exhaust channel are exposed in the grain tank), the burner In addition to the drying air that is generated, a so-called "blow-through phenomenon" occurs in which outside air that has entered the grain bin through the gap in the machine wall enters the air guide path and into the exhaust air path, and this cools the drying air. There were also problems such as an increase in the amount of suction required by the suction/exhaust fan.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In consideration of the above-mentioned facts, the present invention aims to provide a grain drying apparatus that can prevent overdrying or "blow-through phenomenon" due to insufficient loading amount.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention, a drying section is formed by an air-permeable partition wall, which includes an air passage through which drying air is sent and a flow passage through which the grain flows. At the same time, a grain tank is provided above the drying section, and is activated by operating a start switch to flow drying air into the air channel while causing the grain stored in the grain tank to naturally flow down within the flow channel. In the grain drying apparatus, the grain drying apparatus includes: a minimum loading amount detection means provided at the lowest end of the grain tank for detecting a minimum loading amount of grain stored in the grain tank; an alarm means for issuing an alarm when the minimum piling amount detection means does not detect grain and the stored grain does not reach the minimum plowing amount at the time when the minimum plowing amount detection means is operated; It is characterized by being in an inactive state regardless of how the switch is operated.

[Function] In the grain drying device having the above configuration, it can be determined whether the amount of grain being put in has reached the minimum amount being put in by the minimum putting amount detection means. Therefore, it becomes possible to judge the correct time to start drying work,
It is possible to prevent overdrying and "blow-through phenomenon" due to insufficient filling amount.

[Example] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a grain drying device 10 according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a grain drying device 10 according to the present invention.
0, and FIG. 3 shows a sectional view taken along line 2-- in FIG.

The fuselage 12 has a pair of left and right side walls 14, a front wall 16,
The outer frame of the grain drying apparatus 10 is constituted by a rear wall 18, a ceiling wall 20, and a bottom wall 22, and is shaped like a box that is tall in the vertical direction and long in the front and back.

The upper inner cavity of the fuselage 12 serves as a grain tank 24.
Further, a drying section 26 is provided at the bottom. In the drying section 26, there is a pair of ventilated air exhaust duct partition walls 28 that slope downward from the inner surface of the vertically approximately central portion of the left and right machine walls 14 toward the horizontally central portion.
In the figure, it is formed in a funnel shape and spans in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft (between the front wall 16 and the rear wall 18). An air-impermeable partition 30 is extended from the upper end of the ventilation duct partition 28 to the inner surface of the side wall 14 so as to be continuous from the ventilation duct partition 28, and between the ventilation duct partition 28, the partition 30, and the side wall 14. An air exhaust path 32 is formed.

On the inboard side of the exhaust passage bulkhead 28, a pair of breathable air guide passage bulkheads 34 that are parallel to the exhaust passage bulkhead 28, that is, inclined with respect to the side wall 14, are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fuselage in the same manner as the exhaust passage bulkhead 28. It is spanned by The upper part of the air guide partition wall 34 is bent inward into the body, and a non-ventilated partition wall 36 having an inverted V-shaped cross section is continuously connected to the air guide partition wall 34 at the upper end. Therefore, the portion surrounded by the air guide path partition wall 34 and the partition wall 36 forms a diamond-shaped air guide path 38 when viewed from the front.

Between the upper part of the air exhaust passage partition 28 and the upper part of the air guide passage partition 34, a pair of auxiliary air guide passages 44 are formed from the front side like the air guide passage 38 by a pair of left and right air guide passage partitions 40 and 42. It is formed into a rhombus shape. A flow path 46 is formed between the air guide path and the air exhaust path through which grains in the grain tank 24 flow down.

Rear wall 1 of the air exhaust path partition wall 28 and the air guide path partition wall 34
The 8th side end portion is connected to the internal wall 47. For this reason, the rear ends of the air guide path 38 and the downstream path 46 are shielded. Therefore, the flow path 46
The grain inside flows down the flow path 46 while receiving the drying air sent from the air guide paths 38 and 44, and the sent drying air absorbs moisture in the grain and dries the grain before being discharged from the air exhaust path 32. It is becoming more and more common.

An air guide communication passage 46 is formed in the upper and lower directions of the front wall 16, and a burner 66 for generating drying air is disposed at one end side of this air guide communication passage 46. This air guide communication passage 64 communicates with one longitudinal end of the air guide passages 38 and 44 in the fuselage body 12. For this reason, burner 6
The drying air generated by 6 is sent to both the air guide paths 38 and 44 through the air guide communication path 64.

An air exhaust passage 68 communicating with the air exhaust passage 32 is formed inside the rear wall 18 by the inner wall 47, and a suction exhaust fan 70 for exhausting air is provided in the center of this air exhaust passage 68. has been done. Therefore, the suction exhaust fan 70 sucks the drying air from the burner 66, sends it from each air guide path to the air exhaust path, and discharges it to the outside of the grain drying apparatus 10 via the air exhaust communication path 68. ing.

Each lower end of the flow passage 46 is connected to the shutter drum 50 via an outlet 48 formed between the lower end inclined portions of the air exhaust passage partition wall 28 and the air guide passage partition wall 34 .

The shutter drum 50 has a hollow cylindrical shape with a horizontal axis, and a slit-like notch with a predetermined width along the axial direction is formed in a part of the outer periphery. The shutter drum 50 rotates about its axis so that the notch and the outlet 48 face each other, so that grains in the flow path 46 are transferred to the shutter drum 50 through the notch.
When the shutter drum 50 rotates and the notch is positioned downward, the grain that has flowed in is discharged.

A pouring sink plate 52 is arranged below the shutter drum 50 and tapers downward toward the center between the machine walls 14. In addition, a stake hopper 62 is provided at the bottom of the machine wall 14, and the grain drying device 1
It is now possible to push grain into the 0. For this reason, the grain discharged from the shutter drum 50 and the grain loaded from the loading hopper 62 are conveyed by the loading sink plate 52 to a substantially central portion between the machine walls 14.

A lower screw conveyor 54 for conveying grain is disposed at each lower end of the pouring sink plate 52. The lower screw conveyor 54 is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the grain drying apparatus 10, and spiral blades on the outer periphery send out the grain that enters between these blades toward the front wall 16 side.

A lower screw conveyor 5 is installed outside the front wall 16.
A bucket conveyor 56 is erected so as to be connected to the conveyor belt 4 and receive the transported grains. Inside this bucket conveyor 56, buckets for conveying grain are attached to the endless conveyor at regular intervals.
Grain sent out from the lower screw conveyor 54 can be lifted and conveyed to the top of the grain drying device 10.

One end of an upper screw conveyor 58 corresponds to the upper end of the bucket conveyor 56, and is adapted to receive the lifted and conveyed grain. The other end of the upper screw conveyor 58 extends to the center in the longitudinal direction of the grain drying device 10, and a rotary equalizer 60 whose axis is vertical is arranged directly below the other end of the upper screw conveyor 58. There is. Therefore, the grains conveyed to the upper central part of the grain drying device 10 by the upper screw conveyor 58 fall onto the rotary equalizer 6, and when the rotary equalizer 60 rotates, centrifugal force causes the grain to dry in the grain dryer. grain tank 24 in 10
It will be evenly distributed to the inside.

A grain discharge path 80 is provided below one end of the upper screw conveyor 58, and the tip thereof serves as a grain discharge port. A damper 8 is installed in the grain discharge path 80.
2 are arranged so that the grain discharge path 80 can be moved between an open state and a closed state.

A loading amount inspection window 83 is formed on the front wall 16 of the grain tank 24 so that the amount of grain loading can be visually confirmed. In addition, the amount of inspection window 8
A minimum charging amount detection sensor 84 is disposed at the lowermost end of the grain 3, and is capable of detecting whether or not the amount of grain charging has reached the required minimum charging amount. Further, a maximum loading amount detection sensor 86 is disposed on the side wall 14 at the top of the grain tank 24, so that it can detect whether or not the amount of grain loading has reached the full amount.
As shown in FIG. 4, these minimum filling amount detection sensors 8
4 and the detection signals of the maximum insertion amount detection sensor 86 are:
It is designed to be supplied to a control circuit 90 arranged in a control panel 88 on the front side of the grain drying apparatus 10.

A start switch 92 and a changeover switch 94 are arranged on the front surface of the control panel 88, and are connected to the control circuit 90 via an operation circuit 96, respectively.
Further, an alarm 98 is arranged on the front side of the control panel 88 and is connected to the control circuit 90 via a drive circuit 100. Furthermore, the control circuit 90 is connected to the burner 69 and the shutter drum 5 via the drive circuit 102.
It is connected to a drive device such as 0 or the like.

Next, the operation of the grain drying apparatus 10 having the above structure will be explained.

In order to load the grain, the circulation system devices (lower screw conveyor 54, bucket conveyor 56, upper screw conveyor 58, rotary equalizer 60) of the grain drying apparatus 10 are driven. and grain drying equipment 10
The loading hopper 62 on the lower side of the machine is opened and the grain is loaded into the machine body 12. The loaded grain is guided by the loading sink plate 52 and conveyed to the lower center of the machine body 12 (the location where the lower screw conveyor 54 is disposed).

Then, the loaded grains are sequentially conveyed to the bucket conveyor 56 side by the lower screw conveyor 54, and are further shredded by the bucket of the rotating bucket conveyor 56 and lifted and conveyed.

The grains lifted and conveyed above the machine body 12 by the bucket conveyor 56 are sent to the upper central part of the machine body 12 by the upper screw conveyor 58, and are transferred to the grain tank 24 in the machine body by the rotary equalizer 60. stored in The maximum tensioning amount detection sensor 86 is activated when the grain tensioning amount becomes full, and the tensioning operation is automatically stopped.

Now, after the filling is completed, the start switch 92 is operated to ignite the burner 66 and to drive the suction/exhaust fan 70, thereby starting the drying work. The operation in this case will be explained with reference to the software configuration diagram of the control circuit 90 shown in FIG.

In step 110, activation switch 92 is operated. Further, in step 112, it is determined based on the signal from the minimum loading amount detection sensor 84 whether or not the amount of grain loaded has reached the required minimum loading amount.
If the operating state has been reached, that is, the minimum required amount of filling has been reached, the process proceeds to step 120. If not, step
114, the alarm 98 lights up to notify the operator that the grain in the grain tank 24 has not reached the required minimum amount.

The process further advances to step 116, and the operator operates the changeover switch 94 depending on whether or not to start the drying work in this state. And in step 118,
It is determined whether the changeover switch 94 is in the operating state. If it is in an inactive state, the process ends. If it is in operation, the process advances to step 120, where drying work is started and the program ends.

The drying air generated by the burner 66 is sucked by the suction/exhaust fan 70 and sent into the air guide path 38 via the air guide communication path 64 . The dry air sent into the air guide path 38 passes through the air guide path partition wall 34 and flows into the flow path 46.
directly fed to the grain within. This is where the grain drying process takes place.

In this case, as described above, even if the start switch 92 is operated, drying air will not be immediately blown to the grain in the flow path 46 unless the amount of grain loaded reaches the minimum required amount. , overdrying due to insufficient filling amount is prevented. In addition, at this time, when the drying air is sent, the inside of the flow path 46 is filled with grain, so the outside air inside the grain tank 24 flows through the air guide path 38.
There is no occurrence of the so-called "blow-through phenomenon" that invades the air. Furthermore, if the amount of grain loaded does not reach the required minimum amount, an alarm is displayed by the alarm 98, so there is no need to directly check the loaded amount with the naked eye, and work efficiency is improved.

After absorbing moisture from the grains, the drying air passes through the air exhaust path partition 28, passes through the air exhaust path 32, reaches the air exhaust communication path 68, and is discharged to the outside of the grain drying apparatus 10.

On the other hand, the grain in the flow path 46 is transported to the shutter drum 5.
After passing through the outlet 48 due to the zero rotation, the grain is conveyed again by the loading sink plate 52 across the lower part of the grain drying device 10 in the longitudinal direction. The transported grain is
Airframe 12 as needed until the desired moisture content is reached.
The above-mentioned circulation action is repeated within the grains, and the grains are again lifted and conveyed by the bucket conveyor 56, after which they are discharged from the discharge port at the tip of the grain discharge path 80.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention, a drying section is formed by an air-permeable partition wall, which includes an air passage through which drying air is sent and a flow passage through which grain flows. In addition, a grain tank is provided above the drying section, and is activated by operating a start switch,
In the grain drying device, the grain drying device is configured to dry grain stored in the grain tank by supplying drying air to the air passage while allowing the grain to naturally flow down in the flow passage, the grain tank being provided at the lowest end of the grain tank. minimum loading amount detection means for detecting the minimum loading amount of grain stored in the
Alarm means for issuing an alarm when the minimum plowing amount detecting means does not detect grain and the stored grain does not reach the minimum plowing amount at the time when the start switch is operated, and the alarm means is activated. Since the start switch is sometimes inactive regardless of the operation, it is possible to prevent overdrying due to insufficient filling amount, and furthermore, since there is no "blowing phenomenon", drying air can be prevented. There is no need for cooling or an increase in the amount of suction required by the suction/exhaust fan, which has the excellent effect of saving energy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a grain drying device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the grain drying device, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a control device. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the control circuit. 10...grain drying device, 24...grain tank, 84...
...Minimum filling amount detection sensor, 86... Maximum filling amount detection sensor, 90... Control circuit, 92... Start switch, 94... Changeover switch, 98... Alarm.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A drying section is formed by an air-permeable partition wall and includes an air passage through which drying air is sent and a flow passage through which grains flow, and a grain tank is provided above the drying section. provided and activated by operation of a start switch,
In a grain drying device that drying grains stored in the grain tank by supplying drying air to the air channel while allowing the grains to naturally flow down in the flow channel, the grain tank is provided at a lowermost end of the grain tank. minimum tension detection means for detecting the minimum tension amount of grain stored in the storage area; and minimum tension detection means detects the minimum tension of the stored grain when the start switch is operated. Alarm means for issuing an alarm when the amount of grain drying is not reached, and when the alarm means is activated, the grain drying apparatus is inactive regardless of whether the start switch is operated.