JPH058643B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation device for cultivating plants such as vegetables, and in particular, it relates to a hydroponic cultivation device for cultivating plants such as vegetables, and in particular, it relates to a hydroponic cultivation device for cultivating plants such as vegetables, and in particular, it relates to a hydroponic cultivation device for cultivating plants such as vegetables. That is, it relates to a hydroponic cultivation device that can dissolve oxygen.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems] Various hydroponic cultivation devices of this type have been developed in the past.For example, the hydroponic cultivation device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-4285 has been developed. Are known.
In this known hydroponic cultivation apparatus, a liquid jet pipe is arranged in a cultivation tank, and a culture liquid is supplied into the cultivation tank from a large number of liquid jet holes formed in the liquid jet pipe. Further, an air intake section for mixing air into the culture solution is arranged in a liquid supply pipe that connects the liquid injection pipe and a pump that supplies the culture solution to the liquid injection pipe. Therefore, in the above-mentioned known hydroponic cultivation apparatus, since air is actively mixed into the culture solution supplied into the cultivation tank by the above-mentioned air intake section, dissolved oxygen in this culture solution is The amount can be increased, and the growth of plants in the cultivation tank can be promoted.

However, in the above-mentioned known hydroponic cultivation apparatus, air is mixed into the culture solution flowing through the liquid pipe in the middle of the liquid pipe that connects the pump and the liquid jet pipe. , the contact time between the culture solution and air becomes very limited, and dissolved oxygen in the culture solution cannot be sufficiently increased. Moreover, in order to actually promote plant growth, dissolved oxygen in the culture solution in the cultivation tank must be increased, but known hydroponic cultivation devices do not mix air into the culture solution flowing through the liquid pipe. It is insufficient to actively increase the dissolved oxygen in the culture solution in the cultivation tank.

[Object of the invention] This invention was made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to effectively increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in a culture solution used for growing plants. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hydroponic cultivation device that can promote the growth of plants.

[Summary of the Invention] According to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, a cultivation bed capable of storing a culture solution is provided, and a culture solution discharge pipe is installed in the culture solution of the cultivation bed in a substantially horizontal manner. The arrangement is arranged.
The culture solution discharge pipe is connected to a pump via a liquid supply pipe, and the pump supplies the culture solution toward the culture solution discharge pipe. Moreover, an air mixing means is provided in the middle of the liquid feeding tube for mixing air into the culture solution flowing inside the liquid feeding tube. In the upper part of the culture solution discharge pipe, a large number of bubble holes are formed at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the culture solution discharge pipe to discharge air mixed in the culture solution. A number of liquid holes for discharging the culture solution are formed at a lower part of the culture solution discharge pipe at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the culture solution discharge pipe.

[Operation of the invention] Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention is equipped with the culture solution discharge pipe having the above-mentioned bubble holes and liquid holes, the culture solution itself supplied to the culture solution discharge pipe is , is discharged into the cultivation bed through the liquid hole. In addition, air mixed in the culture solution supplied to the culture solution discharge pipe is discharged from each bubble hole formed at the top of the culture solution discharge pipe as the culture solution flows within the culture solution discharge pipe. Ru. The air thus discharged is supplied as bubbles into the culture solution within the cultivation bed.

[Embodiment of the Invention] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus, which includes a cultivation bed 1.
It is equipped with The cultivation bed 1 has a flat and elongated box shape, and is capable of storing a culture solution used for cultivating plants inside. In the cultivation bed 1, as shown in Fig. 2, there are stabilizing ridges 2 for stabilizing the basic roots of the plants.
is located. These stable ridges 2 are arranged in two rows on the inner bottom surface of the cultivation bed 1 in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 1. A predetermined interval S is formed between the stable ridges 2, 2 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction, and this interval S is set to a size that allows the culture solution to sufficiently pass through. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, each of the stable ridges 2 has, for example, a semicircular cross section, and has a shape that allows plant roots to be guided well along its outer surface. As is clear from FIG. 3, the cultivation bed 1 is provided with a lid 3 that closes its top surface, and this lid 3 has stabilizing ridges 2.
A large number of implant holes 4 are formed at positions corresponding to. Although not shown, these planting holes 4 are formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 1. The plant is thus inserted into the cultivation bed 1 through the planting hole 4 and its basic roots are placed on the corresponding stabilizing ridges 2. Further, in each planting hole 4, in order to stably support the plant, an elastic member 5 through which the trunk of the plant is inserted is arranged.

Inside the cultivation bed 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a cultivation liquid discharge pipe 6 is arranged. This culture solution discharge pipe 6 has stable ridges 2...
It extends approximately horizontally along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 1 at the center between the rows. The culture solution discharge pipe 6 is
Although it is located near the inner bottom surface of the cultivation bed 1, a predetermined distance is maintained between the cultivation bed 1 and the culture solution discharge pipe 6.

At the top of the culture solution discharge pipe 6, this pipe 6
A large number of air bubble holes 7 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the...
is formed. Although each bubble hole 7 is shown exaggerated in the drawing, the diameter of each bubble hole 7 is very small, for example, set to 0.5 mm. In addition, in the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the intervals between the bubble holes 7 gradually become smaller toward the tip of the culture solution discharge pipe 6.
In addition, the tip of the culture solution discharge pipe 6 is connected to a plug 6a.
It is blocked by. Furthermore, a large number of liquid holes 8 are formed in the lower part of the culture liquid discharge pipe 6 at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the pipe 6. Further, the intervals between these liquid holes 8 gradually become smaller toward the tip of the culture liquid discharge pipe 6, similarly to the intervals between the bubble holes 7....

As shown in FIG. 1, a liquid supply pipe 9 is connected to the base end of the culture solution discharge pipe 6'. The liquid supply pipe 9 penetrates the lid 3 of the cultivation bed 1 and extends upward from the cultivation bed 1, and extends into a culture liquid storage tank 1 located near the cultivation bed 1.
I am guided by 0. As is clear from FIG. 1, this storage tank 10 is arranged below the cultivation bed 1. A pump 11 is inserted into the liquid feeding pipe 9 in the storage tank 10, and this pump 11
The culture solution in the storage tank 10 can be sucked up and supplied to the culture solution discharge pipe 6 via the liquid supply pipe 9. Here, the culture solution used is usually water containing various nutrients necessary for growing plants.

An air mixing section 12 serving as air mixing means is inserted in the middle of the liquid feeding pipe 9. In the case of this embodiment, as shown in detail in FIG. It is comprised of a T-shaped connector tube 13 that connects one end of the section 9ba. Therefore, if such a T-shaped connector tube 13 is used, the upper end of the connector tube 13 can be exposed to the atmosphere. Further, a protective net 14 may be attached to the upper end of the connector tube 13 to prevent the intrusion of dirt and the like.

When the above-mentioned aeration part 12 is provided in the middle of the liquid sending pipe 9, the culture liquid sent from the pump 11 through the liquid sending pipe 9 falls from one end of the horizontal pipe 9b into the vertical pipe part 9a. I will do it. At this time, as the culture solution falls, the connector tube 1
Air is sucked in from the upper end of 4, and this air is mixed into the culture solution flowing through the vertical pipe portion 9a of the liquid feeding tube 9.

Inside the cultivation bed 1, a pair of discharge pipes 15,
15 are arranged. These discharge pipes 15,
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ridges 15 are arranged between the inner wall of the cultivation bed 1 and the stable ridge row adjacent to the inner wall, and extend in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 1. There is. Here, the discharge pipe 15,
15 is laid on the inner bottom surface of the cultivation bed 1. A large number of holes 16 (see FIG. 3) are formed in each discharge pipe 15 at predetermined intervals in the axial direction. These holes 16... are the discharge pipe 1
It is preferable that it be formed at the bottom of 5 and 15.

The ends of the pair of discharge pipes 15, 15 on the opposite side from the liquid feeding pipe 9 are connected to each other by a connecting pipe 17. This connecting pipe 17 is also laid on the inner bottom surface of the cultivation bed 1, and the connecting pipe 17 is also provided with a hole 16 similar to the discharge pipes 15, 15.
... may be formed.

A lead-out pipe 18 is connected to the connecting pipe 17 . This lead-out pipe 18 liquid-tightly penetrates the bottom of the side wall of the cultivation bed 1 and is guided to the outside of the cultivation bed 1, and is connected to a so-called water level adjustment unit 19 that adjusts the liquid level inside the cultivation bed 1.
It is connected to the. This water level adjustment unit 19
As shown in detail in FIG. 5, it has a housing 20, which is arranged at the same height level as the cultivation bed 1.
Inside the housing 20, as shown in FIG.
A control chamber 22 and a discharge chamber 23 are separated by a partition plate 21.
The control chamber 22 is divided into two areas in a liquid-tight manner.
The aforementioned lead-out pipe 18 is connected. A plurality of through holes 24 are formed in the partition plate 21 . These through holes 24 are formed obliquely upward from near the inner bottom surface of the housing 20 at equal intervals, and a plug 25 can be fitted into each through hole 24. On the other hand, a return pipe 26 is connected to the inner bottom surface of the housing 20 located inside the discharge chamber 23, and this return pipe 26 is connected to the storage tank 10.

According to the above-mentioned discharge pipes 15, 15 and water level adjustment unit 19, the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1 is first guided into these discharge pipes 15, 15 through the holes 16 of the discharge pipes 15, 15. ,
From these discharge pipes 15, 15, the water is led to the control chamber 22 of the water level control unit 19 through the connecting pipe 17 and the lead-out pipe 18.
Stored within 2. The water level of the culture solution in the control chamber 22 is determined by selectively opening one of the through holes 24 described above. That is, in the control chamber 22, the culture solution cannot be stored above the level of the opened through hole 24, and therefore, the excess culture solution flows into the discharge chamber 23 through the opened through hole 24. ,and,
The water is returned from the discharge hole 23 into the storage tank 10 via a return pipe 26. Since the control chamber 22 is in communication with the inside of the cultivation bed 1, the water level of the culture solution inside the control chamber 22 and inside the cultivation bed 1 is always at the same level. By adjusting the water level of the culture solution in the adjustment chamber 22, the water level of the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1 can be adjusted at the same time. Such cultivation bed 1
The water level of the culture solution in the container is adjusted according to the growing process of the plants.

Furthermore, referring to FIG. 1, one end of a drain pipe 27 is connected to the cultivation bed 1.
As shown in FIG. 2, one end of the drain pipe 27 is opened at the inner bottom surface of the cultivation bed 1, and the other end of the drain pipe 27 is connected to the storage tank 10. An on-off valve 28 is inserted in the middle of the drain pipe 27, and this on-off valve 28
Usually in closed position.

Further, a water supply pipe 30 is led to the storage tank 10, and an on-off valve 31 is also inserted into this water supply pipe 30.

According to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the embodiment described above, by driving the pump 11, the culture solution in the storage tank 10 is pumped up, and this culture solution is supplied to the culture solution discharge pipe 6 through the liquid supply pipe 9. can do. In the middle of the liquid sending pipe 9, there is the air mixing part 1 mentioned above.
2, the culture solution supplied to the culture solution discharge pipe 6 contains sufficient air. Here, assuming that the storage solution is already stored in the cultivation bed 1 to a predetermined level as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the culture solution supplied to the culture solution discharge pipe 6 is ,
The liquid is supplied into the cultivation bed 1 through a large number of liquid holes 8. On the other hand, the air supplied to the culture solution discharge pipe 6 along with the culture solution is discharged through the air bubble holes 7 because it is much lighter than the culture solution. The air discharged from the air bubble holes 7 becomes air bubbles as shown in FIG. 3 and is supplied to the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1, thereby reducing dissolved oxygen in the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1. can be increased. More specifically, in the culture solution discharge pipe 6, as the culture solution flows, air mixed in the culture solution is also moved in the axial direction within the culture solution discharge pipe 6, and the air bubbles are Since the intervals between 7 and 7 gradually become smaller toward the tip of the culture solution discharge pipe 6, the air mixed in the culture solution spreads over the entire length of the culture solution discharge pipe 6, as shown in FIG. During this time, the air is discharged from each bubble hole 7 into the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1. As a result, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1 can be effectively increased.

On the other hand, as the culture solution is supplied from the culture solution discharge pipe 6, the holes 16 of the pair of discharge pipes 15, 15...
The culture solution in the cultivation bed 1 is drawn in and led to the control chamber 22 of the water level control unit 19 through the discharge pipes 15, 15, the connecting pipe 17, and the outlet pipe 18. Thereafter, the excess culture solution in the control chamber 22 is returned to the storage tank 10 through the discharge chamber 23 and the return pipe 26. That is, as is clear from the above description, the culture solution is circulated between the storage tank 10 and the cultivation bed 1 by the pump 11.

By the way, since a predetermined interval S is formed between each of the stable ridges 2 arranged in a row, the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1 is drained from the discharge pipe 15,
As the culture solution is sucked into the holes 16 of 16, the culture solution between the stable rows is passed through the above-mentioned interval S, and the discharge pipes 15, 1
It becomes possible to lead toward 5. Therefore, the culture solution in the cultivation bed 1 can be effectively replaced, and from this point as well, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of this embodiment is excellent in growing plants.

This invention is not limited to the one embodiment described above. For example, the air mixing section 12 is not necessarily limited to using the T-shaped connector tube 13, and the air mixing section 12 may be configured as shown in FIG. 7. That is, air mixing section 1 in FIG.
2 is inserted in the middle of the vertical pipe portion 9a of the liquid feeding pipe 9. In the case of this modification, the air entrainment section 12 is located at the lower pipe section 9 of the vertical pipe section 9a.
It is divided into a1 and an upper pipe 9a2, and the upper end of the lower pipe part 9a1 is formed in a funnel shape so as to surround the lower end of the upper pipe part 9a2. The air mixing section 12 shown in FIG. 7 can also perform the same function as the air mixing section 12 shown in FIG. 4.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, a large number of bubble holes are formed in the upper part of the culture solution discharge pipe in the cultivation bed, and the culture solution mixed with air is supplied to this culture solution discharge pipe. The air mixed in the culture solution in the culture solution discharge pipe can be discharged from the air bubble hole into the culture solution in the cultivation bed, thereby reducing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the culture solution in the cultivation bed. can be effectively increased. As a result, sufficient oxygen can be supplied to the plants planted in the cultivation bed, and the plant has excellent effects such as being able to favorably promote the growth of the plants.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 6 show one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view of the cultivation bed with the lid removed.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cultivation bed, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the aeration section, Figure 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the water level adjustment unit, and Figure 6 is a diagram of the culture medium discharge pipe. Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining the action.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an air mixing section that is a modification of the present invention. 1...Cultivation bed, 6...Culture solution discharge pipe,
7...Bubble hole, 8...Liquid hole, 9...Liquid feeding pipe, 11
... pump, 19 ... water level adjustment unit (adjustment means), 12 ... air mixing section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cultivation bed capable of storing a culture solution of plants to be hydroponically cultivated, and a cultivation bed disposed in the culture solution in the cultivation bed so as to extend almost horizontally near the bottom of the cultivation bed. , a culture solution discharge pipe that discharges the culture solution, a pump that supplies the culture solution to this culture solution discharge pipe, and a lead-out pipe that connects to the discharge pipe. The apparatus is equipped with an adjustment means for adjusting the surface level, and an air mixing means for mixing air into the culture solution, which is provided at the upper part of the vertical pipe section of the liquid supply pipe connecting between the pump and the culture solution discharge pipe. , are formed at the upper part of the culture solution discharge pipe in the axial direction of the culture solution discharge pipe, with the interval gradually decreasing as you go downstream in the direction of flow of the culture solution, to remove air mixed into the culture solution. It is characterized by being equipped with a large number of air bubble holes for discharging the culture solution, and liquid holes formed at the lower part of the culture solution discharge pipe at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the culture solution discharge pipe for discharging the culture solution. Hydroponic cultivation equipment.