JPH0583118B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cleaning composition that is safe to handle and has excellent cleaning effects. [Prior Art] Conventionally, cleaning compositions have been used, for example, in addition to petroleum solvents such as kerosene fraction as solvents.
Chlorinated solvents such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, or Freon
Products that use fluorine-based solvents such as 113 are known. Which solvent to use is appropriately determined from among the above-mentioned solvents depending on the actual purpose of use, the type of contaminated cloth to be treated, and the degree of contamination. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, among the conventional cleaning solvents mentioned above, when petroleum-based solvents or chlorinated solvents are used, workers may inhale the gas or the gas may When absorbed into the body through the skin, it affects the central nervous system and autonomic nervous system of workers, causing dizziness, headaches, and decreased vision. Furthermore, it is known that when the degree of gas absorption or inhalation progresses, hematopoietic disorders and skin inflammation occur. For this reason, when performing work using the above-mentioned solvents, please follow the "Organic Solvent Poisoning Prevention Regulations".
Alternatively, regulations under the Working Environment Measurement Act will be added, requiring workers to ensure sufficient ventilation in the workplace and wear air masks as necessary, as well as gloves and safety goggles. It's getting old. In addition, when using one of the fluorine-based solvents,
Since this is relatively expensive, the solvent has been recovered by making the cleaning equipment a closed system, but this requires large-scale recovery equipment and naturally increases the recovery cost. Furthermore, for safe handling, it has been proposed to use normal paraffin or hydrogenated kerosene as solvents, but dry cleaning compositions using these solvents have the problem of inferior cleaning effects. . An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning solvent that is safe to handle, has excellent cleaning effects, and is inexpensive. [Means for Solving the Problems] A cleaning composition according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises 97 to 99.5% by weight of a low molecular weight polyolefin having side chains and 3 to 0.5% by weight of dry soap.
% by weight. The low molecular weight polyolefin having side chains is
For example, olefin can be obtained by homopolymerization or copolymerization in the presence of an aluminum trichloride catalyst, but the type of catalyst,
The polymerization method etc. are not particularly limited. Examples of the olefin include alkenes having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably alkenes having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Among these, preferred are α-olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butene, hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, octene, and vinylcyclohexene, or mixed olefins thereof, with propylene and butene being particularly preferred. The low molecular weight polyolefin having side chains obtained in this way has a boiling point range of about 100°C IBP to about 100°C EP according to the distillation method specified in JIS K2254.
Although it is in the form of a liquid at 280℃,
Among those used in the present invention, a side chain-containing low molecular weight polyolefin having a boiling point of 150 to 210[deg.] C. by the above-mentioned distillation method can produce the most favorable results in cleaning. If the boiling point of the low polymerization degree polyolefin used as a cleaning solvent is lower than approximately 150°C, its flash point will be below room temperature, making fire control difficult when handling the solvent, and vice versa. When the boiling point exceeds about 210°C, the rate of volatilization is significantly reduced, resulting in an undesirable tendency that the drying process of the object to be cleaned takes a long time. Although the low molecular weight polyolefin obtained as described above can be used as it is, it is preferable to use a low molecular weight polyolefin obtained by separately performing a hydrogenation treatment. This is because low molecular weight polyolefins subjected to hydrogenation treatment are odorless and have excellent storage stability. Next, examples of the dry soap include anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and nonionic surfactants. These surfactants can be used alone or in combination of two or more. However, when using two or more types together, it is not preferable to use a cationic surfactant and an anionic surfactant together, and a combination of a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant [cation-nonionic composite surface active agent], and a combination of an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant [anionic nonionic composite surfactant]. Depending on the polar groups in the surfactants, the cleaning effects of the cleaning composition of the present invention differ; for example, a cleaning composition containing an anionic surfactant as a dry soap has good cleaning power. However, dry cleaning compositions that use a cationic surfactant or a combination of a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant may lack flexibility after cleaning.
Although it has excellent flexibility of the items to be washed after washing, the washing power may not be as effective in some cases. Taking all the matters related to cleaning of dry cleaning compositions into consideration, a combination of anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants is preferable, and such dry soaps are available under the trade name ``Lightsol Soft'' and ``Kyoeisha Yushi Co., Ltd. ], “Sandrex Dry Max Crystal” [manufactured by Alves Co., Ltd.], “Genbu Clean
A2" [manufactured by Genbu Co., Ltd.] and "Sansilkotsuto" [manufactured by NOF Corporation] can be easily obtained commercially. Here, examples of the anionic surfactant include carboxylates, sulfonates, sulfuric acid ester salts, and phosphoric acid ester salts. Examples of the carboxylic acid salts include fatty acid soaps such as sodium salts and potassium salts of fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid, or alkyl ether carboxylic acid salts. can be mentioned. Examples of the sulfonate include alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkanesulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, α-
Examples include olefin sulfonic acid. Examples of the sulfate ester salts include sulfated oils, higher alcohol sulfate ester salts, and alkyl ether sulfates. Examples of the phosphoric acid ester salts include alkyl ether phosphoric acid ester salts, alkyl phosphoric acid ester salts, and the like. Among the various anionic surfactants, fatty acid soaps, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkanesulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, and the like are preferred. Examples of the cationic surfactant include aliphatic amine salts, aliphatic quaternary ammonium salts, and the like. Examples of amphoteric surfactants include carboxybetaine type surfactants. Examples of nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkylether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester,
Examples include polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene alkylamine. The dry cleaning composition of the present invention has a dry soap content in the range of 3 to 0.5% by weight, preferably 2.8 to 0.8% by weight based on the total amount of the low molecular weight polyolefin having side chains and the dry soap. (97 to 99.5% by weight for the low molecular weight polyolefin, preferably 97.2 to 99.2% by weight)
It is important that the If the content of the dry soap exceeds 3% by weight, the object to be washed becomes sticky after washing, and the purpose of washing is lost. In addition, if the content of the dry soap is less than 0.5% by weight, the cleaning power may be insufficient.
This causes various problems such as re-contamination during cleaning, causing stains on the items to be washed, generation of static electricity, and loss of flexibility of the items to be washed. [Examples] Hereinafter, the structure and effects of the present invention will be explained in more detail by showing several examples and comparative examples. Example 1 Isoparaffinic solvent made by hydrogenating low molecular weight polybutene [IBP 170°C, EP 192°C] and anionic nonionic composite soap [mixture of anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant, trade name: Lightsol Soft] , manufactured by Kyoeisha Yushi Co., Ltd.] and 2.5% [concentration relative to the solvent], the objects to be cleaned shown in Table 1 were cleaned using a dry cleaning composition. The washing temperature was room temperature and the washing time was 13 minutes. After cleaning, the item to be cleaned is heated to 38℃ in a dryer [manufactured by Shin Nippon Kiki Co., Ltd.].
It took 35 minutes to dry. The following evaluation was performed on the object to be cleaned after cleaning. The results are shown in Table 1. {Cleaning rate} Measured in accordance with the test method specified in JIS L0860. The cleaning rate is expressed as (W ₀ − W ₂ )/(W ₁ − W ₂ )×100, where W ₁ , W ₂ , and W ₀ are the whiteness of the original cloth, contaminated cloth, and washed cloth, respectively. . In addition, the cleaning rate indicates that the larger the number, the greater the cleaning effect. {Reverse contamination rate} The contaminated cloth was washed together with 15 kg of the object to be cleaned as a test cloth, and after drying, the reflectance of the test cloth was measured using a reflectance system for evaluation. Note that the smaller the number of the reverse contamination rate, the smaller the reverse contamination. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Instead of an isoparaffinic solvent obtained by hydrogenating low molecular weight polybutene, in Comparative Example 1, a normal paraffinic solvent [IBP 170°C, EP 174°C,
In Comparative Example 2, hydrogenated kerosene-based solvent [IBP159] was used.
The same procedure as in Example 1 was used except that EXOL D-40 (trade name, manufactured by Exxon Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Table] Examples 2 to 4, Comparative Examples 3 and 4 The concentration of dry soap in the above example was
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the amounts shown in the table were used, and the evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2 together with the results of Example 1.

[Table] Examples 6 to 9 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the type of dry soap was changed to those shown in Table 3, and the cleaning rate and reverse contamination rate were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. At the same time, flexibility was evaluated as follows. The flexibility of the object to be cleaned after cleaning in Example 1 was also evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3 together with the results of Example 1.

[Table] [Effects of the Invention] As mentioned above, the dry cleaning composition of the present invention contains a specific ratio of side chain-containing low molecular weight polyolefin and dry soap, so it has excellent cleaning effects and is effective in cleaning. Therefore, the object to be cleaned is less likely to be contaminated by back contamination, and the object to be cleaned has a soft finish after cleaning, resulting in an excellent cleaning effect. Furthermore, since a low molecular weight polyolefin containing side chains is used, safety for the human body can be improved, and at the same time, the working environment can be improved. Furthermore, in the case of a dry cleaning composition containing a side chain-containing low molecular weight polyolefin, a dry soap, and at least one selected from the group consisting of petroleum solvents, chlorine solvents, and fluorine solvents, In addition to the above effects, the drying speed is high and the cleaning and drying process can be shortened.
This has the effect of speeding up cleaning.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Low molecular weight polyolefin having side chains 97~
A dry cleaning composition comprising 99.5% by weight of dry soap and 3 to 0.5% by weight of dry soap. 2. The dry cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the low molecular weight polyolefin having side chains is low molecular weight polybutene and/or low molecular weight polypropylene.