JPH0580179U - Torque switching device for eddy current type speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a torque switching device of an eddy current type speed reducer used for a large vehicle. [Structure] A plurality of permanent magnets 6 are fitted with rotors fitted to a rotating shaft so that adjacent magnets have opposite polarities.
The support rings 7a to 7d that are provided around the magnet are rotatably fitted to and adjacent to the support ring 8 supported by the rotary shaft via bearings so that the pole faces of the magnets face the rotor with a required gap. Engagement protrusions a to i which engage with each other and can rotate in a predetermined angle in the forward and reverse directions are provided on opposite side surfaces of the support ring, and the drive device is connected to one of the outer support rings of the support ring group, and is provided adjacently. It is an eddy current type speed reducer operably configured such that the polarities of the permanent magnets of the support ring are the same or opposite. [Effect] The braking torque can be freely adjusted, which is effective for ensuring safety during deceleration traveling of a large vehicle.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a torque switching device for a braking operation of an eddy current type speed reducer used in a large vehicle.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 For large vehicles such as buses and trucks, in addition to foot brakes, exhaust gas brakes and eddy current type speed reducers are used as braking devices. The eddy current type speed reducer includes one using an electromagnet (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-615774) and one using a permanent magnet (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-234043). Equipment that uses permanent magnets has come to be used to reduce size and weight.

As an eddy current type speed reducer using a permanent magnet, the device shown in FIG. 6 is usually used. In this device, a mounting portion of the rotor 1 is attached to a support member 12 fitted to an end portion of a rotary shaft 11 with a plurality of bolts 15. In this rotor 1, the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are opposed to each other with a required gap to form a cylindrical portion, and the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are connected at their cylinder ends by a large number of arms 4. A large number of cooling fins 5 are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of.

A support ring 7 having a width matching the length of the cylinder is interposed in the space inside the cylinder. The support ring 7 is attached to a support plate 13 axially supported by a rotary shaft 11 via bearings 16 and is supported by a plurality of guide rods 14 projecting in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 11 to support the support ring. By moving the rod 18 penetrating 7 in the width direction forward and backward by the cylinder 17, the length from the position facing the rotor cylindrical portion to the position magnetically separated is provided so as to be forward and backward.

On the outer peripheral surface of the support ring 7, a plurality of permanent magnets 6 made of rare earth magnets are provided so that adjacent magnets have opposite polarities. The permanent magnet group is housed in the magnetic shield case 9 attached to the support plate 13 to prevent magnetic leakage. A pole piece 10 is arranged in the magnetic shield case 9 so as to face the permanent magnet 6.

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 The conventional eddy current type speed reducer that uses a permanent magnet is a cylinder that advances and retracts the length from the position where the supporting ring around the permanent magnet is completely opposed to the rotor to the position where it is magnetically separated. Therefore, not only was the size of the device in the axial direction increased, but its operation could only be turned on and off, and there was no freedom to select braking force. For this reason, it was difficult to perform deceleration braking with a large eddy current type speed reducer with large braking torque. This invention provides an eddy current type speed reducer capable of adjusting the braking torque in multiple stages in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an even number of support rings in which a rotor is fitted on a rotating shaft and a plurality of permanent magnets are circumferentially arranged so that the polarities of adjacent magnets are opposite to each other. , The pole surface of the magnet faces the rotor with a required gap, and is rotatably fitted to a support ring supported by the rotary shaft via a bearing, and is engaged with each other on opposite side surfaces of an adjacent support ring. An engaging part that can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions by a predetermined angle is provided, and the drive device is connected to one of the outer support rings of the above support ring group, and the polarity of each permanent magnet of the adjacent support ring is the same. Alternatively, it is an eddy current type speed reducer that is configured so as to have opposite polarities.

[0008]

[Action]

 When two or more support rings are provided, each of which has a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in parallel, can be operated so that the polarities of the permanent magnets of the adjacent support rings are the same or opposite. Is turned on by 1 pitch (which means the distance between the centers of adjacent permanent magnets) and the polarity of the adjacent permanent magnets is reversed, the braking is turned on, and if it is turned 1 pitch backwards, the original braking is turned off. Become. If there are four support rings, that is, two sets, turning one pitch will turn on one set of support rings in the same manner as above, and the other set will remain turned off, resulting in half the braking capacity. Torque is obtained. Furthermore, if you turn three pitches, both sets will be in the braking on state, and the braking torque with full capacity will be obtained. Furthermore, when there are six support rings, that is, three sets, turning one pitch will turn on one set and the braking torque will be 1/3 of the capacity, and turning three pitches will turn two sets on and the capacity will be braking on. A braking torque of 2/3 is obtained. Then, when turning 5 pitches, the braking is turned on for all three sets, and the braking torque with full capacity is obtained. By increasing the number of support rings as described above, the braking torque can be finely adjusted, and not only the total braking for stopping the vehicle but also the adjusted braking torque for decelerating traveling can be freely obtained.

[0009]

【Example】

 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, an even number of support rings 7 in which a plurality of permanent magnets 6 are circumferentially arranged so that the polarities of adjacent magnets are opposite to each other (four cases are shown in the figure) Is rotatably fitted to the support ring 8.

The support ring 8 is attached to a support plate 13 provided on a rotary shaft 11 via a bearing 16 in a device of the type shown in FIG. 6, for example. Then, the permanent magnet 6 is assembled so that the pole surface of the permanent magnet 6 faces the outer cylinder 2 of the rotor through the pole piece 10 at a required gap (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 4, an engaging portion is provided between the side surfaces of the adjacent support rings 7 so that the adjacent support rings rotate together. The engaging portions are provided at positions corresponding to the center lines of the permanent magnets, respectively. However, between the first supporting ring 7a and the second supporting ring 7b, the engaging portion a (this a is The installed permanent magnet position is provisionally referred to as the first magnet position) and the third magnet position is provided with g, and the mating second support ring 7b is provided with the engaging portion b at the second magnet position. Similarly, between the second support ring 7b and the third support ring 7c, the second support ring 7b is provided with two, c at the second magnet position and h at the fourth magnet position, and the third support ring on the other side. The ring 7c is provided with d at the third magnet position. Further, between the third support ring 7c and the fourth support ring 7d, the third support ring 7c is provided with two, e at the third magnet position and i at the fifth magnet position, and is provided at the fourth support ring 7d. Provides f at the fourth magnet position.

By providing the engaging portion as described above, when the first support ring 7a is turned to the right in the figure, the engaging portions a, b, c and d, and e and f are sequentially engaged. First, the first support ring 7a and the second support link 7b, then the first support ring 7a, the second support ring 7b and the third support ring 7c, and finally the four support rings 7a to 7d all together. Can move around. When the first support ring 7a is turned counterclockwise from the state in which the fourth support ring 7d has finally moved by one pitch as described above, the engaging portions come into contact with i and f, h and d, g and b in this order. Contrary to the above, the fourth support ring 7d first moves, then the third support ring 7c and then the second support ring 7b are pulled back in this order. It is not necessary to use a particular drive device for rotating the first support ring 7a. Although not shown in the drawing, for example, the end of the wire engaged with the first support ring 7a is taken out of the magnetic shield casing and bonded to the cylinder so that the cylinder is rotated by the operation of the cylinder.

Each of the first to fourth support rings 7a to 7d is at a position where all the permanent magnets 6 have the same polarity, as shown in FIG. 1A, and as shown in FIG. 1B. A magnetic circuit is not formed between the magnets between the adjacent support rings, and the magnetic force leaks to the outer cylinder 2 of the rotor and is in the so-called braking off state.

When the first support ring 7a is turned one pitch from the state shown in FIG. 1 by the operation of the drive device (to the right in FIG. 4), as shown in FIG. The polarities of the permanent magnets 6 of the support ring 7b are opposite to each other, a magnetic circuit is formed between the adjacent magnets as shown in Fig. B, and an eddy current flows through the outer cylinder 2 of the rotor to bring the braking on state. However, since the third support ring 7c and the fourth support ring 7d do not move, a magnetic circuit is not formed, and the braking off is performed between the third support ring 7c and the fourth support ring 7d as shown in FIG. There is. Therefore, when the first support ring 7a is rotated by one pitch, a braking torque (hereinafter referred to as half braking) of about half the capacity is generated.

When the first support ring 7a is turned four pitches from the brake-off state, as shown in FIG. 3, the first support ring 7a and the second support ring 7b, and the third support ring 7c and the fourth support ring 7b are rotated. Between the support rings 7d, all have opposite polarities, and two magnetic circuits are formed as shown in FIG. B, and eddy currents flow in two places on the left and right of the outer cylinder 2 of the rotor, resulting in full capacity. Braking torque (hereinafter referred to as total braking) is exerted.

In the braking ON state of the half braking shown in FIG. 2 or the full braking shown in FIG. 3, the driving device is operated to rotate the first support ring 7a in the opposite direction to the original state shown in FIG. If this is the case, braking will be turned off.

FIG. 5 shows the results of investigating the braking torques during full braking and half braking by the eddy current type speed reducer having the four-stage supporting structure. It is clear from this figure that the braking torque is almost half of the capacity during half braking, which is effective for deceleration braking in a wide range of running from low speed to high speed.

[0018]

[Effect of the device]

 This invention can change the braking torque generated by partially adjusting the eddy current flowing in the rotor, so it is easy to change the braking torque depending on when the vehicle is stopped or when the vehicle is decelerating, and when a large vehicle descends a slope. The safety of deceleration can be secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet and an arrangement of a supporting ring for the permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
The figure is an explanatory view showing the flow of magnetic force when braking is off in relation to the rotor.

FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of permanent magnets during half braking in the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. A is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. B is an explanatory diagram showing a magnetic circuit and magnetic flux leakage.

FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of permanent magnets at the time of full braking in the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. A is a perspective view thereof, and B is an explanatory view showing a magnetic circuit.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement of a support ring around which a permanent magnet is provided and an engaging portion provided between the rings according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. A being a partial plan view thereof, and FIG. B being a sectional view thereof. .

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between engine speed and braking torque during half braking and full braking according to the invention of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an example of an eddy current type speed reducer using a conventional permanent magnet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Rotor 2 Outer Cylinder 3 Inner Cylinder 4 Arm 5 Cooling Fin 6 Permanent Magnet 7 Support Ring 8 Support Ring 9 Magnetic Shield Casing 10 Pole Piece 11 Rotating Shaft 12 Support Member 13 Support Plate 14 Support Rod 15 Bolt 16 Bearing 17 Cylinder 18 Rod N , S polarity a to i engaging part

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A pole face of a magnet is required for an even number of support rings in which a rotor is fitted on a rotary shaft and a plurality of permanent magnets are circumferentially arranged so that the polarities of adjacent magnets are opposite to each other. Opposed to the rotor in a gap, rotatably fitted to a support ring supported by the rotary shaft via a bearing, and engaged with mutually opposite side faces of an adjacent support ring by a predetermined angle. An engaging part that can be rotated in any direction is provided, and the drive device is connected to one of the outer support rings of the above support ring group, and the polarities of the permanent magnets of the adjacent support rings are operated to be the same or opposite polarities. A torque switching device for an eddy current type speed reducer that is freely configured.