JPH0579607A - Mehtod of controlling generation of nitrogen oxide - Google Patents
Mehtod of controlling generation of nitrogen oxideInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0579607A JPH0579607A JP3244023A JP24402391A JPH0579607A JP H0579607 A JPH0579607 A JP H0579607A JP 3244023 A JP3244023 A JP 3244023A JP 24402391 A JP24402391 A JP 24402391A JP H0579607 A JPH0579607 A JP H0579607A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- air
- water
- enriched
- generation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】 本発明は、化石燃料等の燃焼時
に生ずるＮＯxの発生を抑制する窒素酸化物発生抑制方
法に関するものである。[Industrial applications] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a nitrogen oxide generation suppressing method for suppressing generation of NO x generated during combustion of fossil fuel or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】化石燃料等の空気燃焼時に生じるＮＯx
発生の抑制手段として、酸素富化空気で燃焼を行なう方
法が一般に知られている。ところで、このような酸素富
化空気を得る方法としては、酸素富化膜に空気を通過さ
せる方法がある（実開昭６２−９８９１３号公報等参
照）。BACKGROUND ART occurs when the air combustion, such as fossil fuels NO x
A method of performing combustion with oxygen-enriched air is generally known as a means for suppressing generation. By the way, as a method of obtaining such oxygen-enriched air, there is a method of passing air through an oxygen-enriched membrane (see Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-98913).
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、一般に、空
気中の酸素濃度が高くなる程、空気中の窒素濃度が減少
するため、ＮＯxの発生量も減少する。しかし、上記酸
素富化膜では、酸素濃度 を３５％程度以上に高めるこ
とができないため、ＮＯx発生の抑制にも限界がある。
また、酸素濃度を適宜変更することは困難であるため、
ボイラー、内燃機関等の様々な燃焼装置の特性に合う酸
素濃度を得ることは困難であった。By the way, in general, as the oxygen concentration in the air increases, the nitrogen concentration in the air decreases, so that the amount of NO x generated also decreases. However, in the above oxygen-enriched film, the oxygen concentration Can not be increased to more than about 35%, there is a limit to suppression of the NO x generation.
Also, since it is difficult to change the oxygen concentration appropriately,
It has been difficult to obtain an oxygen concentration that matches the characteristics of various combustion devices such as boilers and internal combustion engines.
【０００４】これに対し、液体空気の分留等の手段で純
酸素を取り出し、この純酸素を空気に混合すれば、上記
酸素富化膜による場合よりも高い酸素濃度を得ることが
でき、酸素濃度の変更も行なえるようになる。しかし、
このような方法では、装置が大型化して運転コストも高
くなるという問題があり、従って、ＮＯxの主要発生源
である、自動車、航空機等の移動発生源に使用するのは
困難であった。On the other hand, if pure oxygen is taken out by means such as fractional distillation of liquid air and this pure oxygen is mixed with air, a higher oxygen concentration than that obtained by the oxygen-enriched film can be obtained. You can also change the concentration. But,
In such a method, apparatus there is a problem that becomes higher operating costs in size, therefore, is a major source of NO x, automobile, it was difficult to use in mobile sources such as aircraft.
【０００５】本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、低コストで
高い酸素濃度が得られると共に、酸素濃度を適宜変更で
き、しかも装置の小型化を図ることのできる窒素酸化物
発生抑制方法を提案することを目的とするものである。In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for suppressing generation of nitrogen oxides, which can obtain a high oxygen concentration at a low cost, can change the oxygen concentration as appropriate, and can downsize the device. The purpose is that.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、酸素富化を行なう酸素富化膜ユニットに
空気を通過させ、これによって得られた酸素富化空気
に、無機過酸化物を主成分とする酸素発生剤と水との混
合により生じた酸素を混合し、該混合気を利用して燃焼
を行なう。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to pass air through an oxygen-enriched membrane unit for performing oxygen enrichment, and the oxygen-enriched air thus obtained is subjected to inorganic peroxidation. Oxygen generated from a mixture of an oxygen generating agent containing a substance as a main component and water is mixed, and combustion is performed using the mixture.
【０００７】また、上記酸素発生剤としては、本出願人
が、特開昭６３−１８２２０３号公報、及び、特願平２
−４０７２５６号にて提案したものを使用する。これら
は、無機過酸化物として、過酸化バリウム、過酸化カル
シウム、過炭酸ナトリウムの何れか一つを使用するもの
である。As the above-mentioned oxygen generator, the applicant of the present invention has disclosed the method disclosed in JP-A-63-182203 and Japanese Patent Application No.
The one proposed in No. 407256 is used. These use any one of barium peroxide, calcium peroxide, and sodium percarbonate as an inorganic peroxide.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】酸素富化を行なう酸素富化膜ユニットに空気を
通過させることにより、酸素濃度が３５％程度まで高ま
る。一方、無機過酸化物を主成分とする酸素発生剤と水
とを混合させることにより酸素が発生し、この酸素を上
記酸素富化膜を通過した空気と混合させると、酸素濃度
がさらに向上する。この時、酸素発生剤の供給量を調整
すれば酸素の発生量を調整でき、従って、酸素濃度の変
更が自由に行なえるようになる。The oxygen concentration is increased to about 35% by passing air through the oxygen-enriched membrane unit for oxygen enrichment. On the other hand, oxygen is generated by mixing an oxygen generating agent containing an inorganic peroxide as a main component with water, and when this oxygen is mixed with the air that has passed through the oxygen enriched film, the oxygen concentration is further improved. .. At this time, the amount of oxygen generated can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of oxygen generator supplied, and therefore the oxygen concentration can be freely changed.
【０００９】上記無機過酸化物としては、過酸化バリウ
ム（ＢaＯ2）、過酸化カルシウム（ＣaＯ2）、過炭酸ナ
トリウム（Ｎa2ＣＯ3・3/2Ｈ2Ｏ2）を使用する。これら
無機過酸化物と水は次式の如く反応する。Barium peroxide (BaO 2 ), calcium peroxide (CaO 2 ), and sodium percarbonate (Na 2 CO 3 .3 / 2H 2 O 2 ) are used as the inorganic peroxide. These inorganic peroxides and water react as in the following formula.
【００１０】 ＢaＯ2 ＋ Ｈ2Ｏ → Ｂa（ＯＨ）2 ＋ 1/2Ｏ2 ＣaＯ2 ＋ Ｈ2Ｏ → Ｃa（ＯＨ）2 ＋ 1/2Ｏ2 また、Ｎa2ＣＯ3・3/2Ｈ2Ｏ2は、水に溶解すると次式の
如く解離する。BaO2+ H2O → Ba (OH)2 + 1 / 2O2 CaO2+ H2O → Ca (OH)2 + 1 / 2O2 Also, Na2CO3・ 3 / 2H2O2When dissolved in water,
Dissociate like this.
【００１１】 Ｎa2ＣＯ3・3/2Ｈ2Ｏ2 → Ｎa2ＣＯ3 ＋ 3/2Ｈ2Ｏ2 そして、Ｈ2Ｏ2は次式のごとく分解する。Na 2 CO 3 · 3 / 2H 2 O 2 → N a2 CO 3 + 3 / 2H 2 O 2 Then, H 2 O 2 decomposes according to the following equation.
【００１２】２Ｈ2Ｏ2 ＝ ２Ｈ2Ｏ ＋ Ｏ2 このように、上記何れの無機過酸化物でも、水と混合す
るだけで他に何らエネルギーを加えずとも容易に酸素を
発生させることができる。2H 2 O 2 = 2H 2 O + O 2 As described above, with any of the above inorganic peroxides, oxygen can be easily generated by mixing it with water without adding any energy.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】図１に本発明に係る窒素酸化物発生抑制方法
のブロック図を示す。EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a method for suppressing nitrogen oxide generation according to the present invention.
【００１４】（１）は、酸素富化膜ユニットであり、複
数本の管状の酸素富化膜（1a）と真空ポンプ（1b）とで
構成したものである。この酸素富化膜ユニット（１）で
は、吸入口（２）から吸入した空気のうち、主に窒素が
酸素富化膜（1a）を透過し、真空ポンプ（1b）に吸引さ
れる。この結果、空気中の酸素濃度は３５％程度まで向
上する。一方、（３）は酸素発生ユニットで、この酸素
発生ユニット（３）で生じた酸素を、上記酸素富化膜ユ
ニット（１）を通過した酸素富化空気と混合室（10）で
混合することにより、酸素濃度がさらに向上する。(1) is an oxygen enrichment membrane unit, which is composed of a plurality of tubular oxygen enrichment membranes (1a) and a vacuum pump (1b). In this oxygen-enriched membrane unit (1), of the air sucked from the inlet (2), mainly nitrogen permeates the oxygen-enriched membrane (1a) and is sucked by the vacuum pump (1b). As a result, the oxygen concentration in the air is improved to about 35%. On the other hand, (3) is an oxygen generating unit, and the oxygen generated in the oxygen generating unit (3) is mixed with the oxygen-enriched air that has passed through the oxygen-enriching membrane unit (1) in the mixing chamber (10). Thereby, the oxygen concentration is further improved.
【００１５】上記酸素発生ユニット（３）は、無機過酸
化物を主成分とする酸素発生剤（4a）を収納した収納部
（4b）と、水（5a）を貯留した貯水タンク（5b）とを有
する。上記収納部及び貯水タンク（4b）（5b）は、酸素
発生剤（4a）の供給量を適宜調整できる調整装置（図示
省略）を具えた供給管（６）で連結する一方、貯水タン
ク（5b）には弁（７）を具えた取出管（８）を連結す
る。このような構成において、収納部（4b）から酸素発
生剤（4a）を貯水タンク（5b）内に供給すると、酸素発
生剤（4a）中に含まれる無機過酸化物が上記反応式によ
り水（5a）と反応し、酸素が発生する。発生した酸素
は、取出管（８）で回収され、上記酸素富化膜ユニット
（１）を通過した空気と混合室（10）で混合される。こ
のようにして得た混合気を、ボイラーや、内燃機関の吸
気側等に供給することにより、酸素富化空気による燃焼
が行なわれるのでＮＯXの発生が抑制できる。The oxygen generating unit (3) includes a storage portion (4b) for storing an oxygen generating agent (4a) containing an inorganic peroxide as a main component, and a water storage tank (5b) for storing water (5a). Have. The storage part and the water storage tanks (4b) and (5b) are connected by a supply pipe (6) equipped with an adjusting device (not shown) capable of appropriately adjusting the supply amount of the oxygen generating agent (4a), while the water storage tank (5b ) Is connected to an extraction pipe (8) equipped with a valve (7). In such a configuration, when the oxygen generating agent (4a) is supplied from the storage section (4b) into the water storage tank (5b), the inorganic peroxide contained in the oxygen generating agent (4a) becomes water ( It reacts with 5a) and oxygen is generated. The generated oxygen is collected in the take-out pipe (8) and mixed with the air having passed through the oxygen-enriching membrane unit (1) in the mixing chamber (10). By supplying the air-fuel mixture thus obtained to the boiler, the intake side of the internal combustion engine, etc., combustion with oxygen-enriched air is performed, so that the generation of NO X can be suppressed.
【００１６】上記構成において、調整装置（図示省略）
で酸素発生剤（4a）の供給量を調整すると、酸素の発生
量が変化し、このことから、空気中の酸素濃度を所望値
に変更することが可能になる。In the above structure, an adjusting device (not shown)
When the supply amount of the oxygen generating agent (4a) is adjusted with, the generation amount of oxygen changes, which makes it possible to change the oxygen concentration in the air to a desired value.
【００１７】尚、上記酸素発生剤（4a）は、無機過酸化
物を主成分とし、この他、中和剤、触媒、固化剤等を混
合して錠剤状に固形化したものを使用する。このうち、
中和剤としては、第１燐酸カルシウム（Ｃa（Ｈ2Ｐ
Ｏ4）2 Ｈ2Ｏ）、焼石膏（ＣaＳ Ｏ4）、酸性ピリオン
酸カルシウム（ＣaＨ2Ｐ2Ｏ7）、琥珀酸（Ｃ4Ｈ6Ｏ4）
等を使用する。例えば、無機過酸化物として過酸化カル
シウム（ＣaＯ2）を用い、これを水に溶解した場合、上
述のように、The oxygen generating agent (4a) contains an inorganic peroxide as a main component, and a mixture of a neutralizing agent, a catalyst, a solidifying agent and the like, which are solidified into tablets. this house,
As the neutralizing agent, the first calcium phosphate (Ca (H 2 P
O 4 ) 2 H 2 O), calcined gypsum (C a S O 4 ), calcium acid pyrionate (C a H 2 P 2 O 7 ), succinic acid (C 4 H 6 O 4 ).
And so on. For example, when calcium peroxide (CaO 2 ) is used as the inorganic peroxide and this is dissolved in water, as described above,
【００１８】 ＣaＯ2 ＋ Ｈ2Ｏ → Ｃa（ＯＨ）2 ＋ 1/2Ｏ2 の反応式で反応するが、同時に、強アルカリ性物質（Ｃ
a（ＯＨ）2）も生成される。このＣa（ＯＨ）2は、例え
ば、上記第１燐酸カルシウム（Ｃa（Ｈ2ＰＯ4）2 Ｈ
2Ｏ）と、以下の反応式のように反応する。CaO 2 + H 2 O → Ca (OH) 2 + 1 / 2O 2 of which reacts in Scheme, simultaneously, strongly alkaline substance (C
a (OH) 2 ) is also produced. This Ca (OH) 2 is, for example, the above-mentioned primary calcium phosphate (C a (H 2 PO 4 ) 2 H
2 O) reacts with the following reaction formula.
【００１９】 Ｃa（ＯＨ）2 ＋ Ｃa（Ｈ2ＰＯ4）2 Ｈ2Ｏ → Ｃa3（ＰＯ4）2 ＋ ５Ｈ2Ｏ 上記Ｃa3（ＰＯ4）2は水に難熔性であるので、これによ
り、反応系の中和、解毒、ｐＨ調整がなされる。さら
に、中和と共に水も生成されているので、貯水タンク
（5b）に水を新たに供給する必要もない。従って、水の
リザーブタンク等を具える必要もなくなり、装置の小型
化が可能になって自動車、航空機等の移動発生源にも取
り付け可能となる。Ca (OH) 2 + Ca (H 2 PO 4 ) 2 H 2 O → Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + 5H 2 O The above Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 is sparingly soluble in water, so that neutralization, detoxification and pH adjustment of the reaction system are carried out. Furthermore, since water is generated together with the neutralization, it is not necessary to newly supply water to the water storage tank (5b). Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a water reserve tank or the like, the device can be downsized, and the device can be attached to a moving source such as an automobile or an aircraft.
【００２０】また、触媒としては、例えば二酸化マンガ
ン等が使用できる。As the catalyst, for example, manganese dioxide or the like can be used.
【００２１】さらに、固形剤としては、例えば、低密度
膨張黒鉛等が使用できる。この低密度膨張黒鉛は適度の
空隙をもって固形化されるため、これを混入することに
より、上記無機過酸化物と水とが徐々に連続して効率よ
く反応できるようになる。Further, as the solid agent, for example, low density expanded graphite can be used. Since this low-density expanded graphite is solidified with an appropriate amount of voids, by mixing this, the inorganic peroxide and water can be gradually and efficiently reacted in a continuous manner.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】上述のように本発明は、酸素富化膜と酸
素発生剤を併用することを特徴とするものである。即
ち、酸素発生剤を利用することにより、酸素富化膜のみ
の場合より高い酸素濃度の空気が供給可能となってＮＯ
X発生がより一層抑制でき、且つ、酸素発生剤の供給量
の調整で酸素濃度が変更自在となり、ボイラーや内燃機
関等の燃焼装置の特性に合った酸素濃度の空気が供給可
能になる。また、酸素を発生させるには、酸素発生剤と
水とを混合させるだけでよく、他に何らエネルギーを付
加する必要もないので、例えば液体空気の分留等の手段
に比して装置の簡素化が達成できる。一方、酸素富化膜
ユニットとの併用により、酸素発生剤の使用量を減らす
ことができるので、酸素富化空気生成時のコストも低減
させることができる。As described above, the present invention is characterized in that the oxygen-enriched film and the oxygen generator are used in combination. That is, by using the oxygen generating agent, it is possible to supply air having a higher oxygen concentration than in the case of only the oxygen-enriched film, and NO
The generation of X can be further suppressed, the oxygen concentration can be changed by adjusting the supply amount of the oxygen generating agent, and the air having the oxygen concentration suitable for the characteristics of the combustion device such as the boiler or the internal combustion engine can be supplied. Further, in order to generate oxygen, it is only necessary to mix an oxygen generating agent and water, and it is not necessary to add any other energy, so that the apparatus is simpler than means such as fractional distillation of liquid air. Can be achieved. On the other hand, the combined use with the oxygen-enriched membrane unit can reduce the amount of the oxygen generating agent used, so that the cost for producing the oxygen-enriched air can also be reduced.
【００２３】このような点から、本発明方法は、燃焼時
に生じるＮＯXの発生抑制に大きな効果を有する。特
に、従来、スペース及びコストの点から困難であった自
動車、航空機等の移動発生源でのＮＯXの発生抑制に有
効である。From this point of view, the method of the present invention has a great effect on suppressing the generation of NO X generated during combustion. In particular, it is effective in suppressing the generation of NO X in a mobile generation source such as an automobile or an aircraft, which has been difficult in the conventional art in terms of space and cost.
【図１】本発明方法を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a method of the present invention.
１ 酸素富化膜ユニット 4a 酸素発生剤 5a 水 1 Oxygen-enriched membrane unit 4a Oxygen generator 5a Water
Claims (2)
空気を通過させ、これによって得られた酸素富化空気
に、無機過酸化物を主成分とする酸素発生剤と水との混
合により生じた酸素を混合し、該混合気を利用して燃焼
を行なうことを特徴とする窒素酸化物発生抑制方法。1. Air is passed through an oxygen-enriched membrane unit for performing oxygen-enrichment, and the oxygen-enriched air obtained thereby is mixed with an oxygen generator containing an inorganic peroxide as a main component and water. A method for suppressing generation of nitrogen oxides, which comprises mixing generated oxygen and performing combustion by using the mixture.
過酸化バリウム、過酸化カルシウム、過炭酸ナトリウム
の何れか一つを使用することを特徴とする請求項１記載
の窒素酸化物発生抑制方法。2. The inorganic peroxide of the oxygen generator,
2. The method for suppressing generation of nitrogen oxides according to claim 1, wherein any one of barium peroxide, calcium peroxide and sodium percarbonate is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3244023A JPH0579607A (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Mehtod of controlling generation of nitrogen oxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3244023A JPH0579607A (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Mehtod of controlling generation of nitrogen oxide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0579607A true JPH0579607A (en) | 1993-03-30 |
Family
ID=17112563
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3244023A Pending JPH0579607A (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Mehtod of controlling generation of nitrogen oxide |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0579607A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5852904A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-03-29 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Method of burning |
-
1991
- 1991-09-25 JP JP3244023A patent/JPH0579607A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5852904A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-03-29 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Method of burning |
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