JPH0577460B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a huller that removes paddy by derolling.

``Prior art'' Conventionally, the system is equipped with a decontrol sensor that detects mixed rice that has slipped off from the huller, and operates a derate control member based on a change in the mixing ratio of brown rice (or paddy) in the mixed rice. A technology has been developed to keep the derolling rate approximately constant by adjusting the hulling gap (or depressurization) during derolling.

In addition, a technology has been developed which is equipped with a hulling amount sensor that detects the amount of hulled rice removed during the derolling process, and increases or decreases the amount of paddy supplied to the derolling process to keep the dehulling rate substantially constant.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" In the prior art, the shedding rate is adjusted by the shedding control sensor or the hulling rate is adjusted by the hulling amount sensor, respectively. Therefore, in the dehulling rate sensor control, even if the actual hulling gap (depressurization) during derolling is appropriate, if the amount of hulling is too small, the dehulling rate tends to be excessive, and a hulling gap (depressurization) is required. On the other hand, when the amount of hulling is too large, the shedding rate tends to be too low, and the hulling gap (depressurization) is increased more than necessary. Since the rice is closed (raised) at the same time, there was a risk of generating rice that was dislocated and rice scraps. In addition, in the hulling amount sensor control, even if the actual hulling gap (depressurization) is appropriate, when the hulling rate is too high, the hulling rate tends to be too small, and when the hulling rate is too small, the hulling rate tends to be too small. The amount of rubbing tends to be excessive, and there are problems with work efficiency and safety, similar to the above.

"Means for Solving the Problem" However, the present invention provides a dehulling rate adjusting member that adjusts the hulling gap between a pair of derolls, and a hulling amount adjusting member that adjusts the amount of paddy supplied to the derolling. In the hulling machine equipped with the above-mentioned hulling machine, when the output of the hulling rate sensor that detects the scraping rate of the rice that has fallen off the rolls is too high, and the output of the hulling amount sensor that detects the amount of rice supplied to the hulling machine is too small. The present invention is characterized in that a controller is provided that operates the hulling amount adjusting member in a direction to increase the amount of hulling while the removal rate adjusting member is kept stopped.

``Function'' Therefore, when the output of the dehulling rate sensor is too high but the output of the dehulling amount sensor is too small, the dehulling rate can be appropriately controlled by simply increasing the amount of paddy to be supplied to the derolling process, and the rice with dehulling can be properly controlled. Moreover, the efficiency of hulling operations can be easily improved without generating waste rice, and it is more functional and safer to handle than conventional methods.

"Embodiments" Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is an evasion control circuit diagram, and FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the entire system. In the figure, 1 is a hulling section, 2 is a hopper into which paddy is thrown, 3 and 4 are a pair of unrollers installed opposite to each other at the lower part of the hopper 2, 5 is a shutter for opening and closing the lower part of the hopper 2, and 6 is each of the above-mentioned parts. A deploying lever is used to manually close the rolls 3 and 4 in an emergency manner, and 7 is a removal ratio motor that is an removal ratio adjustment member that adjusts the gap between the rolls 3 and 4, and is configured to continuously remove paddy. are doing.

In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a winnowing section on which the hulling section 1 is placed, and a machine casing 9 that forms the windshielding section 8, a brown rice take-out gutter 10, a brown rice conveyor 11, and a brown rice that is separated from the brown rice falling into the gutter 9. The removed rice (brown rice and A rice grain removal chute 18 and rice cake receiving device 19 that receive rice grains separated from the rice grains, and a rice grain receiving chute 18 and rice cake receiver 19 that receive grains separated from the rice grains, and a rice husk separated from the rice grains removed from the machine. The dust suction fan 20 is configured to separate rice husks from scraped rice.

In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a sorting section mounted on the wind sorting section 8 and installed in parallel with the hulling section 1. As shown in FIG. 3, a sorting tube 22 is continuously rotated in one direction to separate brown rice and paddy. , a sorting motor 23 that rotates the tube 22 in one direction via support rolls 23a that rotatably support the tube 22, and a sorting motor 23 that rotates the tube 22 in one direction;
A supply gutter 24 and a supply conveyor 25 inserted into the
, a brown rice receiving trough 26 and a brown rice receiving conveyor 27 installed in parallel with these, paddy raking blades 28 provided at the end of the sorting inside the sorting tube 22, and paddy scooped up by the blades 28... It is provided with a chute 29 for sending brown rice to a hopper 2, and a chute 30 for communicating the end of a brown rice receiving conveyor 27 with a brown rice take-out gutter 10, and is configured to separate and take out paddy from brown rice.

A brown rice lifting thrower 31 whose lower end side communicates with the brown rice conveyor 10, and a scraped rice lifting thrower 3 whose lower end side communicates with the scraped rice conveyor 17 and whose upper end side faces the feeding start end of the supply conveyor 25.
2 and 3 are installed vertically along the outside of the machine casing 9, and a rice hulling sorting motor 3 that drives the respective parts 1, 8, and 21.
Place 3. In addition, in FIG. 3, 34 in the figure is a partition plate that adjusts the amount of brown rice received into the brown rice receiving trough 26;
35 is a partition plate motor that adjusts the angle of the partition plate 34, and 36 is a mixed rice amount sensor that detects the amount of mixed rice in the sorting cylinder 22 and controls the operation of the motor 35.

Furthermore, numeral 37 in the figure is a grain selection section mounted on the sorting section 2, which includes a grain selection cylinder 38 having a large number of grain selection holes 38a, and a support shaft 39 that supports the cylinder 38 while tilting in one direction. and the grain sorting cylinder 38 via its support shaft 39.
a grain selection motor 40 that continuously rotates the grain selection cylinder 38; and a supply tank 41 that faces the opening on the inclined upper end side of the grain selection cylinder 38.
, a sorting chute 42 facing the opening at the lower end of the grain sorting tube 38 to receive brown rice (graded grains) from the tube 38, and unripe grains (green rice) leaking from the grain sorting hole 37... and a waste chute 43 for receiving waste particles.
unselected grains such as brown rice are fed into the tank 40 from the slanted upper end of the granule sorting cylinder 38, while brown rice is allowed to flow down from the slanted lower end opening of the grain sifted cylinder 38, and the grains are selected. While moving inside the grain cylinder 38, immature grains (including waste grains) pass through the grain selection hole 37...
The waste rice is separated from the brown rice and scraped rice is taken out.The brown rice (sorted grains) is sent through the sorting chute 42 to the brown rice take-out tank 44 provided on the outside of the grain sorting section 36. It consists of

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the hulling section 1, in which the support shaft 45,
46, respectively, are disposed internally facing the hulling case 47, and each supporting shaft 45, 46 is
Transmission gears 48 and 49 are pivotally supported, and a gear case 50 is provided in the rice hulling case 47, and the gears 48 and 49 are installed inside the case 50. Further, drive gears 53 and 54 are pivotally supported in the case 50 via power shafts 51 and 52, and each gear 48 and 49
and 53 and 54 are always engaged, and the spindle 46 of one of the derolling 4 is connected to the gap adjustment link 5.
5, and one end of the link 55 is supported coaxially with one of the power shafts 52. A gap adjustment shaft 58 is provided which is interlocked and connected to the escape rate motor 7 via gears 56 and 57, and a threaded portion 59a at one end of the shaft 59 is screwed to the other end of the link 55 via a bearing member 59. The hulling gap 60 between the rolls 3 and 4 into which paddy is introduced is adjusted by the forward/reverse control of the motor 7, and a maximum opening limit switch 61 is provided which is switched by the bearing member 59, and the gap adjustment by the motor 7 is performed. The switch 61 is configured to detect the movement of the link 55 in the maximum opening direction.

In FIG. 4, an initial gap setting member (contact sensor) is attached to the gear case 50 and detects the change in driving sound when the derolling 3, 4 comes into contact with each other.
A mesh sheet 63 that prevents the passage of oil and the like and allows only air to pass is attached to the sound sensing part of the microphone 62, and the microphone 62 is installed inside the gear case 50 and removed. The microphone 62 detects the meshing sound of the drive gears 53 and 54 that changes due to the contact between the rolls 3 and 4, and detects the minimum closing direction movement of the gap adjustment link 55 by the motor 7. configured to detect it.

Further, in FIG. 4, a feed-out roll 64 is provided above the unrolling rolls 3 and 4 and below the shutter 5 to drop the paddy from the supply hopper 2 between each roll 3 and 4.
, a supply valve 65 that adjusts the amount of paddy dropped from the feed roll 64, and a hulling amount motor 66 that opens and closes the valve 65, and the amount of hulling can be changed freely by controlling the motor 66. There is. Further, a pressure sensitive type hull removal amount sensor 67 made of a piezoelectric semiconductor is provided below the supply valve 65 to detect the amount of rice falling from the hopper 2 to the derolling 3, 4.
The sensor 67 is configured to detect the amount of rice produced.

As shown in FIG. 1, a paddy sensor 68 that is a shedding rate sensor that detects the paddy supplied to the de-rolls 3 and 4, and a brown rice sensor 69 that is a shedding rate sensor that detects the brown rice taken out from the sorting section 21, It is equipped with a mixed rice sensor 70, which is a shedding rate sensor that detects the mixed rice that is mixed with paddy and unrolled rice supplied to the sorting section 21, and as shown in FIG. A supply gutter 2 which is provided with the paddy sensor 68 and which carries the mixed rice into the sorting tube 22
The mixed rice sensor 70 is provided at the end of the feeding end of No. 4, and the brown rice sensor 69 is provided at the falling port of the sorting chute 42 between the end of the feeding of the brown rice gutter 26 and the exit of the sorting section 36. The sensors 68, 69, and 70 are formed by using an impact-sensing type structure or a weight-measuring type structure using a receiving plate and a potentiometer. (or weight) by the respective sensors 68, 69, and 70.

Furthermore, the drive gear 5 of the microphone 62
A band pass filter 71 that discriminates between 3 and 54 sound inputs and detects the drive sound when unrolling 3 and 4 come into contact.
, a main switch 73 that applies a power source 72 to each part, a manual adjustment switch 74 that manually operates the ejection rate motor 7 in forward and reverse directions, an automatic switch 75 that switches between automatic and manual adjustment, and a derolling switch 73 that applies a power source 72 to each part. Hulling interruption switch 76 detects the operation of the deployment lever 6 for emergency opening of the hulling gap 60.
and a shutter switch 77 for detecting when the shutter 5 at the bottom of the hopper 2 is opened. It is equipped with a release control circuit 78 configured by a microcomputer, which connects each of the switches 73, 74, 75, 76, and 77 to the control circuit 78, and controls the release motor 7 via a drive circuit 79. It is connected to the control circuit 78.

Further, a delay circuit 80 delays the detection timing of the mixed rice sensor 70 by the amount of time that the paddy detected by the paddy sensor 68 passes through the derolls 3 and 4 and reaches the mixed rice sensor 70; The brown rice sensor 6
and a delay circuit 81 for delaying the detection timing of 9.
The mixed rice and brown rice sensors 69 and 70 are turned on after a delay of time necessary for the movement of the paddy from the paddy sensor 68, so that the same paddy (or brown rice) is detected by each of the sensors 68, 69, and 70. It is composed of

Furthermore, an output difference detection circuit 82 such as an operational amplifier that calculates the difference (G-M) between the average output value G of the brown rice sensor 69 per unit time and the average output value M per unit time of the paddy sensor 68; The detection circuit 82 and the mixed rice sensor 70 are connected to the control circuit 78 through the setting device 83, respectively, and the setting device 83 The control circuit 78 determines the difference between the standard evasion rate inputted via the control circuit 78 and the actual evasion rate, which is the average output value K of the mixed rice sensor 70.
Based on the difference in the escape ratio, the operation of the escape ratio motor 7 is controlled so as to eliminate this difference.

Furthermore, a drive circuit 8 drives the hulling amount motor 66.
4 to the decontrol circuit 78, and
It is equipped with a hulling amount setting device 85 that initializes the standard hulling amount to be supplied to the derolling 3, 4, and the hulling amount setting device 85 and the hulling amount sensor 87 are connected as inputs to the dehulling control circuit 78, The system is configured to control the operation of the hull removal amount motor 66 based on the output of the removal amount sensor 67 to adjust the amount of rice supplied to the derollers 3 and 4.

As is clear from the above structure and FIG. 5, there is a dehulling ratio motor 7, which is a dehulling rate adjusting member that adjusts the hulling gap between the pair of derolling rolls 3 and 4, and a dehulling ratio motor 7, which is a dehulling rate adjusting member that adjusts the hulling gap between the pair of dehulling rolls 3 and 4, and a dehulling ratio motor 7, which is a dehulling rate adjusting member that adjusts the hulling gap between the pair of dehulling rolls 3 and 4, and a dehulling ratio motor 7 that adjusts the hulling gap between the pair of dehulling rolls 3 and 4. In a hulling machine equipped with a hulling amount motor 66 which is a hulling amount adjusting member that adjusts the amount, each sensor 68 is a hulling rate sensor that detects the hulling rate of the rice that has fallen off from the derolling rolls 3 and 4. , 69, 70 are too large, and when the output of the hulling amount sensor 67 which detects the amount of paddy supplied to the de-rolls 3, 4 is too small, the dehulling rate motor 7 is kept stopped and the Hulling amount motor 6
A dehulling control circuit 78 is provided, which is a controller that operates the paddy, brown rice, and mixed rice sensors 68, 69, and 70 in the direction of increasing the hulling amount. When the output of the removal amount sensor 67 is too small (the amount removed is small), the removal amount motor 66 is operated and the supply valve 65 is opened with the removal motor 7 stopped, and the paddy is supplied to the removal rolls 3 and 4. It is configured to increase the amount of sliding.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
Control is started, and the escape rate reference value x is initialized by operating the escape rate standard setter 83. Then, by turning off the automatic switch 75, the manual adjustment switch 7 is turned off.
4 to manually adjust the escape ratio by operating the escape ratio motor 7, and when the automatic switch 75 is turned on, a work stop alarm is generated when the deployment lever 6 is open, while a work stop alarm is generated when the lever 6 is in the closed state. When the motor 7 operates to close the hulling gap 60 between the rolls 3 and 4, the rolls 3 and 4
The contact is sensed by the microphone 62, the closing movement is stopped, and the motor 7 is then operated in reverse to open the hulling gap 60 to a preset initial gap. After that, by opening the shutter 5 and supplying the paddy from the hopper 2 to the derolling units 3 and 4, the removal rate reference value x of the removal rate reference setting device 83 is inputted, and the detection by the paddy sensor 68 is started. After detecting the set number of times, this output average value G is calculated. Also, after waiting for the time TM required for the paddy detected by the paddy sensor 68 to pass through the de-rolls 3 and 4 and reach the mixed rice sensor 70, detection by the mixed rice sensor 70 is started, and after the set number of detections, This output average value K is calculated. Also, similar to the above, the time required for the paddy from the paddy sensor 68 to reach the brown rice sensor 69
After waiting for TM, detection by the brown rice sensor 69 is started, and after a set number of detections, this output average value G is calculated. Then, based on the output difference (G-M) between the brown rice sensor 69 and the paddy sensor 68, the standard yield rate (GM=(G
-M)/x), and determine whether the actual escape rate K based on the output of the mixed rice sensor 70 is higher (K>GM) or lower (K<GM) than the reference escape rate GM, Hulling amount S based on the output of the hulling amount sensor 67 and standard hulling amount SM of the hulling amount setting device 85
It is determined whether the output value S of the sensor 67 is higher (S>SM) or lower (S<SM) than the reference hulling amount SM.

If the actual shedding rate K is higher than the standard shedding rate GM and becomes excessive, there is a risk that the hulling rate K will drop sharply by opening the hulling gap 60 when the hulling amount S is too small. The supply valve 65 is opened to increase the hulling amount S to lower the removal rate K, while the hulling gap 60, which is simply too narrow when the hulling amount S is appropriate, is slightly opened, and the hulling amount S is excessive. In this case, for safety, after closing the supply valve 65, the hulling gap 60 is opened significantly to prevent skin displacement, etc., and even if the removal rate K is too high, the hulling amount S is too small. At this time, while the shedding ratio motor 7 is kept stopped, only the hulling amount motor 66 is operated to increase the hulling amount S and lower the hulling ratio K.

Furthermore, if the actual shedding rate K is lower than the standard shedding rate GM and becomes too small, there is a risk that the shedding rate K will rapidly increase by closing the hulling gap 60 when the hulling amount S is excessive. The supply valve 65 is closed to reduce the hulling amount S and increase the removal rate K.
When is appropriate, the hulling gap 60 is simply too wide.
When the hulling amount S is too small, the hulling gap 60 is closed to a large extent after the supply valve 65 is opened because the de-rolls 3 and 4 are worn out or the gap 60 is opened too much.

In addition, when the actual removal rate K is appropriate and the amount S of hulling is too small, the supply valve 65 is opened and the amount S of hulling is too small.
When it is excessive, the supply valve 65 is closed and the removal rate K is lowered or increased by increasing or decreasing the hulling amount S to bring it closer to the reference removal rate GM.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the hulling amount sensor 67
is disposed below the supply valve 65, but instead of the sensor 67, the hulling amount motor 66 may be controlled based on the sorting amount output of the mixed rice amount sensor 36, and the opening degree of the supply valve 65 may be controlled. It is also possible to easily control the motor 66 by providing a sensor for detection.

"Effects of the Invention" As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a removal rate adjusting member 7 that adjusts the hulling gap between the pair of removal rolls 3 and 4, and an amount of rice supplied to the removal rolls 3 and 4. In a hulling machine equipped with a hulling amount adjustment member 66 for adjusting the hulling amount, the hulling rate sensors 68, 6 detect the scraping rate of the rice that has been scraped off from the derolling rolls 3, 4.
9, 70 When the output is excessive, derolling 3, 4
When the output of the hulling amount sensor 67 that detects the amount of paddy supplied to the huller is too small, the hulling amount adjusting member 66 is operated in the direction of increasing the amount of hulling while the removal rate adjusting member 7 is kept stopped. A controller 78 is provided, and when the output of the dehulling rate sensors 68, 69, and 70 is too high but the output of the dehulling amount sensor 67 is too small, the amount of paddy supplied to the dehulling rolls 3 and 4 is increased. Appropriate shedding rate can be easily obtained even without rate control, preventing the generation of rice that is out of line and waste rice due to shedding rate control, and the efficiency of hulling work can be easily increased by increasing the amount of hulling processed. It can be improved, is more functional than before, and can be handled safely.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an efficiency control circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an overall cross-sectional front view, Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional side view, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the hulling section, and Fig. 5 The figure is a flowchart of evasion rate control. 3, 4... De-rolling, 7... De-rolling rate motor (de-rate adjustment member), 66... Hulling amount motor (hulling amount adjusting member), 67... Hulling amount sensor, 68...
Paddy sensor (elimination rate sensor), 69...Brown rice sensor (elimination rate sensor), 70...Mixed rice sensor (elimination rate sensor).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In a hulling machine equipped with a hulling rate adjusting member 7 that adjusts the hulling gap between a pair of hulling rolls 3 and 4, and a hulling amount adjusting member 66 that adjusts the amount of rice supplied to the hulling rolls 3 and 4. , an ejection rate sensor 6 for detecting the ejection rate of the rice that has fallen off from the rolls 3 and 4;
When the outputs of 8, 69, and 70 are too high, and the output of the hull removal amount sensor 67 that detects the amount of paddy supplied to the derolls 3 and 4 is too small, the dehulling rate adjusting member 7
While keeping it stopped, the hulling amount adjusting member 66
A controller 78 that operates in the direction of increasing the amount of hulling.
A rice hulling machine characterized by being equipped with.