JPH0379064B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention includes a hulling section having a pair of derolling parts,
It is equipped with a hulling wind sorting section that separates rice scraped from the hulling section from rice husks, etc., and a sorting section that separates the scraped rice into brown rice and paddy, as well as a shedding rate sensor and adjustment between the rolls. The present invention relates to an apparatus for attaching a member, detecting the ejection rate of the roll, and correcting it to a set value. Conventionally, there has been a technique (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-209645) in which a grain scattering plate is rotatably arranged below the derolling gap and changes in the angle of the scattering plate are detected. However, since the technique described above maintains the unloading of the motor that drives unrolling within a set range, control is required to keep the relative change in the unloading of the motor and the unrolling rate of the roll approximately constant. However, the unloading of the motor and the unloading rate of the roll change relatively unstablely, and it is difficult to set a reference value for the correlation between them, and control is based on uncertain requirements, so it is not possible to accurately Accurate control of escape rate was desired. The present invention addresses the above problems, and stably obtains the correlation between the derolling time and the derolling rate, and the correlation between the weight of mixed rice (brown rice and paddy) with a constant flow rate and the derolling rate. By doing so, it is possible to set reference values unchangeably based on each of the above relationships, and also to detect the true shedding rate required in actual work, improving the accuracy of derolling adjustment through automatic control. It is an object of the present invention to provide a de-adjustment device for a huller that can maintain a constant rate. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of the rice huller, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the same. In the figure, 1 is a hulling section, 2 is a hopper into which paddy is thrown, 3 and 4 are a pair of unrollers installed opposite to each other at the lower part of the hopper 2, 5 is a shutter for opening and closing the lower part of the hopper 2, and 6 is each of the above-mentioned A deployment lever 7 for manually opening the rolls 3 and 4 in an emergency manner is a release motor which is an adjustment member for adjusting the distance between the rolls 3 and 4. 8 in the figure is a winnowing section on which the hulling section 1 is placed, which includes a brown rice take-out gutter 9, a brown rice conveyor 10, and a winnower 11 for removing small rice from the brown rice falling into the gutter 9.
and a small rice take-out gutter 12 that carries the small rice out of the machine.
and a rice conveyor 13, a grain scattering plate 14, and a grain flow board 15, and a grain rice take-out gutter 16 that faces below the rolls 3 and 4 to receive grain rice (brown rice and paddy), and a rice grain removal gutter 16 that receives grain rice (brown rice and paddy). It is equipped with a conveyor 17, a rice cake take-out gutter 18 and a rice cake conveyor 19 that receive the grains separated from the grained rice, and a dust suction and exhaust fan 20 that discharges the rice husks separated from the grained rice to the outside of the machine. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a sorting section placed on top of the wind sorting section 8 and installed in parallel with the hulling section 1, and as shown in FIG. Sorting tubes 22, 23 and each of the tubes 22, 23
Support rolls 24...2 that rotatably support the respective supporting rolls 24...2
5..., a mixed rice supply tank 26 provided outside one end of the upper sorting tube 22, a supply conveyor 27, a re-sorting grain conveyor 28, a brown rice receiving conveyor 29 inserted into the upper sorting tube 22, and a rice receiving conveyor 29 inserted into the lower sorting tube 23. brown rice receiving conveyor 30 and upper and lower brown rice receiving conveyors 2
A rice sorting machine 31 is installed between 9 and 30 and connected in series, and a rice sorting machine 31 is connected to the hopper 2 at the rice discharging end of the upper sorting tube 22.
A chute 32 that communicates with the re-sorting grain conveyor 2
8 to the lower sorting cylinder 23
, a chute 34 that slides down the mixed rice discharge end of the lower sorting cylinder 23 and connects it to the rice take-out gutter 16, and a chute 35 that connects the brown rice receiving conveyor 30 to the brown rice take-out gutter 9. A brown rice lifting conveyor 36 whose lower end side communicates with the brown rice conveyor 10, and a sorting rice lifting conveyor 37 whose lower end side communicates with the scraped rice conveyor 17 are erected along the outside of the machine, The upper end of the sorted rice lifting conveyor 37 is communicated with the supply tank 26 through a connecting pipe 38,
The upper end of a bypass pipe 39 is connected to the connection pipe 38, and the upper end of a bypass pipe 39 is connected to the connecting pipe 38, and the bypass pipe 39 is a bypass path that separates the rice scraped from the hulling section 1 and the returned mixed rice from the sorting section 21 to flow to the sorting section 21. The lower end of the bias tube 39 is connected to the joint 40 between the conveyor 17 and the lifting conveyor 37, and each conveyor 36, 3
As in 7, install the bypass pipe 39 along the outside of the machine. 4 to 6 are enlarged sectional views of the bypass pipe 39, in which a container 41 for measuring the falling weight is installed inside the bypass pipe 39, overflow gutters 42, 42 are integrally formed on both sides of the container 41, and Container 41
The container 41 is kept filled with mixed rice at all times, and excess mixed rice is allowed to leak from the upper edge of the container 41 into the overflow gutter 42. A grain outlet 43 is opened in the center of the lower part of the container 41, and a certain amount of the mixed rice is The mixed rice is made to fall continuously. Further, a sensing shaft 45 is rotatably supported on the bypass pipe 39 below the container 41 via a bracket 44, a sensor arm 46 has one end fixed in the middle of the shaft 45, and a receiving plate 47 is fixed to the other end. 45 as a fulcrum, supporting the receiving plate 47 in a vertically movable manner, and tilting the receiving plate 47 in the left-right direction substantially perpendicular to the up-and-down swing direction,
A receiving plate 47 is positioned substantially directly below the outlet 43. One end of the sensing shaft 45 is interlocked and connected to a potentiometer 49 fixedly supported by a bracket 48, and a weight arm 50 is provided horizontally in the opposite direction to the sensor arm 46, and a weight arm 51 is suspended vertically downward. are fixed to the ends of the sensing shaft 45, respectively. Further, a weight 52, which is a balance member that provides a counterbalancing force in the opposite direction to the force acting on the receiving plate 47, is attached to at least one of each weight arm 50, 51, and the mixed rice falling from the outlet 43 is applied to the receiving plate 47. A detached sensor A is formed by each member including the receiving plate 47 and the potentiometer 49, and the falling weight of the mixed rice and the weight 5 are
The sensor arm 46 and the sensing shaft 45 are rotated according to the relative weight change with respect to the rice outlet 2, and the falling weight of the mixed rice falling from the outlet 43 is detected via a potentiometer 49. As shown in FIG. 7, the derollers 3 and 4 supported on support shafts 53 and 54, respectively, are installed internally facing the hulling case 55, and a transmission gear 5 is mounted on each support shaft 53 and 54.
6 and 57, and the rice hulling case 5
5 is provided with a gear case 58, and the gears 56, 57
is installed inside the case 58. Also, the power shaft 5
A drive gear 6 is inserted into the case 58 via 9 and 60.
1 and 62, and each gear 56, 61 and 57,
62 are always in mesh with each other, and the support shaft 54 of one of the derolling shafts 4 is pivotally supported in the middle of the adjustment link 63, and one end of the link 63 is supported coaxially with one of the power shafts 60. An adjustment shaft 66 is provided, and a threaded portion 66a at one end of the shaft 66 is screwed to the other end of the link 63 via a bearing member 67 while interlockingly connecting it to the detaching motor 7 via gears 64 and 65. , a rotating shaft 70 in which a slider 68 is screwed onto the screw portion 66b at the other end of the shaft 66 and fixed to the machine frame 69;
is engaged with the slider 68, while the slider 68 is engaged with the slider 68.
Maximum opening movement limit switch 71 switched by
is fixed to the machine frame 69, and the maximum opening direction of the adjustment link 63 is controlled by the motor 7 by the switch 7.
1. Furthermore, it is provided with a pointer 73 and a display plate 74 that display a gap 72 for hulling of the de-rolls 3 and 4, and a pointer 73 is attached to the end of the adjusting shaft 66 via a wing nut 75, and the pointer 73 is connected to the outside of the machine frame 69. A display plate 74 is attached to each side, and a contact sensor 76 is provided for detecting a change in driving sound when the de-rolling parts 3 and 4 come into contact with each other.
7, a mesh sheet 78 that blocks oil etc. from passing through and allows only air to pass through is attached to the sound sensing part of the microphone 77, and the gear case 58
The microphon 77 is installed inside the drive gears 61 and 6, which are changed by the contact of the de-rolls 3 and 4.
The microphone 77 is configured to sense the two-meshing sound, and to detect the minimum closing direction movement of the adjustment link 63 by the motor 7. As shown in FIG. 8, a hook 80 and a rubber cushion 81 are provided on the back side of the spacing adjustment operation panel 79, and various switches and indicators for the spacing adjustment operation are provided on the panel 79. The hook 80 is fixed to the outer surface of the machine handled by the worker in either the air sorting section 8 or the sorting section 21, and the panel 79 is attached so as to be freely movable to the installation location. FIG. 9 is a control circuit diagram of the motor removal motor 7, in which a shutter switch 82 detects when the shutter 5 at the bottom of the hopper 2 is opened.
and a hulling interruption switch 83 that detects the operation of the expansion lever 6 when the roll removal 3, 4 is opened in an emergency.
and the manual switch 84 for replacing the rolls 3 and 4.
, a band pass filter 85 that discriminates the drive gear sound input from the microphone 77 and detects the gear sound when the derolling parts 3 and 4 come into contact; and the selection part 21
The removal rate most suitable for sorting (brown rice 88-90
%) as a reference value for interval adjustment. The control circuit 87 is provided with a control circuit 87 configured by a microcomputer, and the potentiometer 49, the bandpass filter 85, the control setter 86, and the switches 71, 82, 83, and 84 are connected as inputs to the control circuit 87. In addition, a main switch 89 for applying the power source 88 and an automatic/manual changeover switch 90
Equipped with. Further, the demotor 7 is connected to the control circuit 87 via a drive circuit 91 for forward and reverse rotation, and the changeover switch 90 and the drive circuit 9
A manual adjustment switch 92 is connected to the motor 1, and a current detector 93 is connected to the drive circuit 91 to detect an overload of the motor 7 and interrupt the output of the control circuit 87. Further, a display meter 95 having a plurality of light emitting diodes 94 is connected to the control circuit 87 via an evasion indicator 96, and the potentiometer 4
The detected value of 9 is converted into an escape rate and displayed. Further, the correlation between the time 72 between the unrolling steps 3 and 4, the unrolling rate, and the detected value of the potentiometer 49 is shown in Table 1 below.

[Table] There are almost no differences depending on the rice variety. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the decontrol circuit 87, in which the main switch 89 is on, the automatic manual changeover switch 90 is switched to the automatic side, and the OFF operation of the deployment lever 6 is turned off via the hulling interruption switch 83. The opening operation of the shutter 5 is detected by the unhulling circuit 97 via the shutter switch 82, and when the automatic control requirements are met, the automatic start circuit 99 detects this. Then, the roll removal motor 7 is driven by the output of the roll closing movement circuit 100 via the drive circuit 91, and the roll release motor 7 is moved in the closing direction. When the rolls 3 and 4 come into contact and the sound of the drive gears 61 and 62 changes, this is detected via the microphone 77 of the contact sensor 76, and the escape rate setting device 86 is used based on Table 1 above. Escape rate standard value (approx.
89 percent), the reference value is stored in the unsetting circuit 101, and the motor 7 is driven in the opening direction by the roll opening circuit 102 via the drive circuit 91 based on the reference value; Between de-rolling 3 and 4 = 72 as reference interval =
(1.01mm). When the hulling operation is carried out under the above conditions, and the scraped rice from the hulling section 1 and wind sorting section 8 and the returned mixed rice from the sorting section 21 reach the supply tank 26, they are diverted to the bypass pipe 39. When the mixed rice consisting of the scraped rice and the returned mixed rice falls from the outlet 43 of the container 41, the mixed rice comes into contact with the receiving plate 47 and the weight is increased. moving the sensor arm 46 downward in proportion;
The amount of displacement of the receiving plate 47 is detected by a potentiometer 49 via a sensing shaft 45. When the output of the potentiometer 49 is detected by the de-sensor circuit 103, the reference value of the setting circuit 101 and the detected value of the sensor circuit 103 are compared in the de-comparison circuit 104, and when the values match, this is Detected by the output stop circuit 105, the motor 7
Keep stopping. Further, when the detected value (3.75 volts or more) is large as a result of the comparison of the comparison circuit 104, this increase in the escape rate is detected by the roll opening operation circuit 106, and the output of the motor forward rotation circuit 107 is transmitted to the drive circuit 91. 〓72 Drive the motor 7 in the opening direction, between 〓72
The opening action causes the escape rate to match the reference value. When the gap 72 reaches its maximum open state, the limit switch 71 is turned on, which is detected by the output stop circuit 108, and the drive of the motor 7 in the opening direction is stopped and this is alarmed. Furthermore, when the detection value (3.25 volts or less) is small as a result of the comparison of the comparison circuit 104, the drop in the escape rate is detected by the roll closing circuit 109, and the output of the motor reversing circuit 110 is used to transfer the voltage to the drive circuit 91. 〓72 Drive the motor 7 in the closing direction, and the interval 〓7
2. Make the escape rate match the reference value by the closing operation.
Then, the gap 72 becomes the minimum closed state, and the unrolled parts 3 and 4 come into contact with each other, so that the contact sensor 7
The drive gear 6 is controlled by the microphone 77 of 6.
1,62 sound is detected and the roll opening circuit 102
The motor 7 is driven to keep the gate 72 open so as to match a preset reference value via the alarm circuit 111, and the alarm circuit 111 outputs a notification of this abnormal situation. Further, based on the detection value output of the escape sensor circuit 103, the actual escape rate is calculated by the escape rate calculation circuit 112, and the escape rate display circuit 113 drives the escape rate display 96 to display the actual escape rate. It is displayed on the display meter 95. On the other hand, by switching the changeover switch 90 to the manual side and manually operating the time adjustment manual switch 92, the time-opening operation of the switch 92 is detected via the roll opening operation circuit 106 and the motor forward rotation circuit 107, Motor 7 via drive circuit 91
is driven in the opening direction, and between unrolling 3 and 4 〓72
Make it bigger. Further, by detecting the maximum open state of the limit switch 71 and the output stop circuit 108, the opening operation of the motor 7 is interrupted and a warning is issued. Additionally, a roll closing circuit 109 and a motor reversing circuit 110
A closing operation between the switch 92 is detected through the drive circuit 91, and the motor 7 is driven in the closing direction to reduce the distance 72 between the rolls 3 and 4. Also, the microphone 77 of the contact sensor 76
The output stop circuit 114 detects the minimum closed state due to
Keep motor 7 off via 14 and wing nut 7
5, the pointer 73 is set to the zero position, and the interval due to wear of the rolls 3 and 4 during manual operation is
Correct the error. Further, when a foreign object is caught between the rolls 3 and 4, the emergency opening operation of the rolls 3 and 4 by the deployment lever 6 is detected via the hulling interruption switch 83 and the roll deployment circuit 97, and the roll opening circuit 115 is activated. The motor 7 is opened to the maximum via the limit switch 71, and the output stop circuit 116 detects the operation of the limit switch 71 to keep the rolls 3 and 4 open. Furthermore, when the output of the automatic start circuit 99 is off, the roll exchange circuit 117 detects manual operation of the roll exchange switch 84, operates the motor 7 to its maximum opening via the roll opening circuit 115, and controls the operation of the limit switch 71 through the output stop circuit. 116 to keep the rolls 3 and 4 open. Then, from the flowing weight measurement container 41 to the receiving plate 4
The weight of the mixed rice falling per unit time is
When the rice is 100% brown, it becomes maximum and the resistance value of potentiometer 49 is maximized.
When the value is 100%, the resistance value of the potentiometer 49 becomes minimum. In addition, if the ratio of brown rice in the removed rice is increased to increase the shedding rate, the brown rice will be damaged by shedding and its quality will decrease, and at the same time, the ratio of paddy in the removed rice will be increased to lower the shedding rate. Then, the amount of rice in the sorting section 21 increases, reducing the sorting accuracy by the sorting tubes 22 and 23, and at the same time increasing the amount of rice returned from the sorting section 21, reducing the efficiency of hulling. Moreover, the mixing ratio of brown rice and paddy in the scraped rice below the rolls 3 and 4 is an apparent shedding ratio, and the mixed rice returned from the sorting section 21 is mixed with the scraped rice and transferred from the supply tank 26 to the sorting section. The mixing ratio of brown rice and paddy in the mixed rice sent to No. 21 is the true yield rate. Further, as is clear from Table 1 above, the correlation between the removal rate of the mixed rice from the supply tank 26 to the sorting section 21 and the ratio 72 between the removal rolls 3 and 4, and the measurement by the potentiometer 49 The correlation between the falling weight of the mixed rice and the shedding rate can be obtained in a substantially constant proportional relationship without differences depending on the rice variety. Therefore, at the start of automatic adjustment of the roll-off interval 72, a means for driving the roll-off motor 7 in the direction in which the roll-off roll 72 closes, and a reference period by the contact of the roll-off rolls 3 and 4, the interval between the rolls until the set value is reached. A means for driving the motor 7 in the direction in which the motor 72 opens is provided in the decontrol circuit 87, and the contact sensor 76 detects contact between the rolls 3 and 4 by changing the sound of the drive gears 61 and 62. Based on the detection by the microphone 77 and the set value between the rolls 3 and 4 by the shedding rate setting device 86, an initial gap 72 is automatically formed at the start of the automatic gap adjustment, and the hulling operation is started. . The maximum opening direction of the motor 7 is detected by the limit switch 71 and the minimum closing direction of the motor 7 is detected by the microphone 77. 77 is installed inside to sense the sound of the drive gears 61 and 62 when the rolls 3 and 4 come into contact, and the malfunction of the motor 7 due to a failure of the sensor A is regulated by the limit switch 71 and microphone 77 control. Also, the distance between rolls at the start of hulling = 72
This can be carried out based on an accurate zero point. For example, even if the rolls 3 and 4 are worn out, the zero point of 72 can always be accurately detected by the microphone 77 while the rolls 3 and 4 are in contact. Moreover, compared to when the rolls 3 and 4 are brought into contact with a limit switch, there is no need to consider the wear of the rolls 3 and 4. Therefore, even during manual adjustment, the zero point correction of 〓72 can be easily performed during this period, and the By connecting the band pass filter 85 to the microphone 77, only the desired range of drive gear 61, 62 sounds can be transmitted to the microphone 77.
It can be obtained from Furthermore, FIG. 11 shows another embodiment,
A contact sensor 76 is attached to the hulling case 55 in which the de-rolls 3 and 4 are installed, and the microphone 77 of the sensor 76 is brought into contact with the case 55 to detect the change in sound when the rolls 3 and 4 come into contact with each other. is sensed by a microphone 77. Furthermore, FIG. 12 also shows another embodiment,
A sensor box 118 is installed outside the rice hulling case 55.
A contact sensor 76 is installed inside the box 118, and a microphone 77 is installed inside the sensor box 118, so that the microphone 77 senses the contact sound of the de-rolls 3 and 4. As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention includes means for setting the distance 72 between the pair of derolling gaps 3 and 4, and an adjusting member such as the derolling motor 7 for adjusting the derolling distance 72. This rice huller is equipped with a microphone 77 that detects the change in drive amount when the de-rolls 3 and 4 come into contact with each other, and the maximum opening direction of the gap adjustment member 7 is controlled by a limit switch 71. During the above period, the minimum closing direction movement of the adjustment member 7 is controlled by the microphone 77.
Compared to using a limit switch, a microphone 77 detects the difference between 7
By detecting at the minimum time of 2, the distance between the rolls 7
The zero point of the timer 72 can be sensed by the microphone 77, and the timer adjustment can be performed accurately by properly setting the zero value of the timer 72 at the start of work, and the timer adjustment member 7 can be safely controlled. This has remarkable effects such as being able to prevent breakage and excessive wear of the unrolled parts 3, 4, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall view of a rice huller showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view thereof, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view, Figs. 4 to 6 are enlarged sectional views of a bypass pipe, 7th
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the hulling section, Fig. 8 is a side view of the operation panel, Fig. 9 is a control circuit diagram for removing the motor, Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the removing control circuit, and Fig. 11 is another embodiment. FIG. 12 is a partial sectional view showing the same. 3, 4... Roll removal, 7... Remover motor (interval adjustment member), 55... Husking case, 58... Gear case,
61, 62... Drive gear, 71... Limit switch, 72... Interval, 77... Microphone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A means for setting a distance between a pair of derolling devices;
A rice hulling machine is equipped with an adjusting member for adjusting the unrolling interval, and a rice huller is equipped with a microphone for detecting a change in driving sound when the unrolling contacts abut, 1. A de-adjustment device for a rice huller, characterized in that the directional movement is detected by a limit switch, and the minimum closing direction movement of the distance adjusting member is detected by the microphone. 2. The removal of the rice huller according to claim 1, wherein the microphone is attached to the hulling case in which the roll removal or the drive gear is installed, and the contact sound of the rolls or the drive gear sound is sensed. Regulator.