JPH0574908B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0574908B2 JPH0574908B2 JP18600784A JP18600784A JPH0574908B2 JP H0574908 B2 JPH0574908 B2 JP H0574908B2 JP 18600784 A JP18600784 A JP 18600784A JP 18600784 A JP18600784 A JP 18600784A JP H0574908 B2 JPH0574908 B2 JP H0574908B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- battery
- solute
- lithium
- mixed solvent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical group [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical group CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(イ) 産業上の利用分野
本発明はリチウム或いはリチウム合金を活物質
とする負極と、金属の酸化物、硫化物、ハロゲン
化物などを活物質とする正極と、溶媒と溶質とか
らなる非水電解液とを備えた非水電解液電池に係
り、特に非水電解液の改良に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] (a) Industrial application field The present invention relates to a negative electrode using lithium or a lithium alloy as an active material, a positive electrode using a metal oxide, sulfide, halide, etc. as an active material, and a solvent. The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte battery comprising a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a solute and a solute, and particularly relates to improvements in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
(ロ) 従来の技術
この種電池に用いられる非水電解液を構成する
溶媒及び溶質として種々のものが提案されてい
る。(b) Prior Art Various solvents and solutes have been proposed for forming the non-aqueous electrolyte used in this type of battery.
具体的には例えば特公昭57−32866号公報に開
示されているように、溶媒としてプロピレンカー
ボネート、γ−ブチロラクトン、ジメトキシエタ
ン、ジオキソラン、テトラハイドロフランなど、
又溶質として過塩素酸リチウム、ホウフツ化リチ
ウムなどが知られている。 Specifically, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-32866, propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, dimethoxyethane, dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, etc. are used as solvents,
Also, known solutes include lithium perchlorate and lithium borofluoride.
さて、近年に至つてはこの種電池の適用分野の
拡大に伴い電池特性の改善が要望されており、そ
の一つとして高率放電特性の向上が望まれてい
る。 Now, in recent years, as the field of application of this type of battery has expanded, there has been a demand for improvements in battery characteristics, and one of these is the desire to improve high rate discharge characteristics.
ところで、電導度及びイオンの拡散の観点から
高率放電に適した溶媒としては高誘電率で且低粘
度であることが要求される。ところが一般に高誘
電率の溶媒は粘度が高く、低粘度の溶媒は誘電率
が低い。そこで、高粘度溶媒と低粘度溶媒とを混
合することにより高誘電率を有し且低粘度の溶媒
を得ることができる可能性があるが、未だ適切な
混合溶媒を見い出されていない。そのため従来の
非水電解液電池では高率放電特性に問題があつ
た。 Incidentally, from the viewpoint of conductivity and ion diffusion, a solvent suitable for high rate discharge is required to have a high dielectric constant and a low viscosity. However, in general, a solvent with a high dielectric constant has a high viscosity, and a solvent with a low viscosity has a low dielectric constant. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a solvent having a high dielectric constant and low viscosity by mixing a high viscosity solvent and a low viscosity solvent, but an appropriate mixed solvent has not yet been found. Therefore, conventional non-aqueous electrolyte batteries have had problems with high rate discharge characteristics.
(ハ) 発明が解決しようとする問題点
本発明が解決しようとする問題点は非水電解液
電池の高率放電特性を改善することにある。(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The problems to be solved by the present invention are to improve the high rate discharge characteristics of non-aqueous electrolyte batteries.
(ニ) 問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は非水電解液を構成する溶媒としてプロ
ピレンカーボネートと炭酸ジエチルとの混合溶媒
を用いると共に溶質としてリチウムトリフルオロ
メタンスルホネートを用いるものである。(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention uses a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate as the solvent constituting the non-aqueous electrolyte, and uses lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate as the solute.
(ホ) 作用
プロピレンカーボネートと炭酸ジエチルとを含
む混合溶媒は単独溶媒或いは他の混合溶媒に比し
て溶質が解離しやすく、又溶質の移動のエネルギ
ーが低下してリチウムイオンと正極活物質との反
応が円滑に行なわれる。(e) Effect In a mixed solvent containing propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate, the solute dissociates more easily than in a single solvent or other mixed solvents, and the energy for solute movement decreases, resulting in a decrease in the interaction between lithium ions and the positive electrode active material. The reaction is carried out smoothly.
又、プロピレンカーボネートと炭酸ジエチルと
の混合溶媒に対して溶質としてリチウムトリフル
オロメタンスルホネートを用いると他の溶質を用
いる場合に比して電池放電容量が増大する。 Furthermore, when lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate is used as a solute in a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate, the battery discharge capacity increases compared to when other solutes are used.
(ヘ) 実施例 以下本発明の実施例について詳述する。(f) Examples Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.
実施例 １
溶媒としてプロピレンカーボネートと炭酸ジエ
チルとを１：１の混合比で混合した混合溶媒を用
い、この混合溶媒に溶質としてリチウムトリフル
オロメタンスルホネートを１モル／溶解したも
のを電解液とする。Example 1 A mixed solvent in which propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate are mixed at a mixing ratio of 1:1 is used as a solvent, and an electrolytic solution is prepared by dissolving 1 mol/mol of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate as a solute in this mixed solvent.
正極は350〜430℃の温度範囲で熱処理した二酸
化マンガンを活物質としこの二酸化マンガンと、
導電剤としてのカーボン粉末及び結着剤としての
フツ素樹脂粉末とを85：10：５の重量比で混合し
た混合物を加圧成形し250〜350℃で熱処理したも
のを用い、又負極はリチウム圧延板を所定寸法に
打抜いたものを用いて径20.0mm、厚み2.5mm、電
池容量120ｍAHの本発明電池を得る。この電池
をＡとする。 The positive electrode uses manganese dioxide as an active material that has been heat-treated in a temperature range of 350 to 430 degrees Celsius, and this manganese dioxide and
A mixture of carbon powder as a conductive agent and fluororesin powder as a binder in a weight ratio of 85:10:5 was pressure-molded and heat-treated at 250 to 350°C, and the negative electrode was lithium. A battery of the present invention having a diameter of 20.0 mm, a thickness of 2.5 mm, and a battery capacity of 120 mAH is obtained by punching a rolled plate into a predetermined size. This battery is called A.
次に本発明電池の優位性を調べるために、溶媒
或いは溶質を変えた各種の非水電解液を用いた比
較電池を作成した。尚、比較電池は非水電解液を
除いて他は実施例１と同様である。 Next, in order to investigate the superiority of the batteries of the present invention, comparative batteries were created using various non-aqueous electrolytes with different solvents or solutes. The comparative battery was the same as Example 1 except for the non-aqueous electrolyte.
比較例 １
溶媒としてプロピレンカーボネートを単独で用
い、この単独溶媒に溶質としてリチウムトリフル
オロメタンスルホネートを１モル／溶解したも
のを電解液とする。この比較電池をＢとする。Comparative Example 1 Propylene carbonate was used alone as a solvent, and an electrolytic solution was prepared by dissolving 1 mol/mol of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate as a solute in this sole solvent. This comparison battery is designated as B.
比較例 ２
溶媒として炭酸ジエチルを単独で用い、この単
独溶媒に溶質としてリチウムトリフルオロメタン
スルホネートを１モル／溶解したものを電解液
とする。この比較電池をＣとする。Comparative Example 2 Diethyl carbonate was used alone as a solvent, and 1 mol/mol of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate was dissolved in this sole solvent as a solute to form an electrolytic solution. This comparison battery is designated as C.
比較例 ３
溶媒としてプロピレンカーボネートとジメトキ
シエタンとを１：１の混合比で混合した混合溶媒
を用い、この混合溶媒に溶質としてリチウムトリ
フルオロメタンスルホネートを１モル／溶解し
たものを電解液とする。この比較電池をＤとす
る。Comparative Example 3 A mixed solvent in which propylene carbonate and dimethoxyethane are mixed at a mixing ratio of 1:1 is used as a solvent, and an electrolytic solution is prepared by dissolving 1 mol/mol of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate as a solute in this mixed solvent. This comparison battery is designated as D.
比較例 ４
溶媒としてプロピレンカーボネートと炭酸ジエ
チルとを１：１の混合比で混合した混合溶媒を用
い、この混合溶媒に溶質として過塩素酸リチウム
を１モル／溶解したものを電解液とする。この
比較電池をＥとする。Comparative Example 4 A mixed solvent in which propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate are mixed at a mixing ratio of 1:1 is used as a solvent, and an electrolytic solution is prepared by dissolving 1 mol/mol of lithium perchlorate as a solute in this mixed solvent. This comparison battery is designated as E.
第１図はこれらの電池を組立後直ちに25℃にお
いて500nの定抵抗で放電した時の放電特性比較
図である。 Figure 1 is a comparison diagram of discharge characteristics when these batteries were discharged at a constant resistance of 500n at 25°C immediately after assembly.
第２図は本発明電池における混合溶媒の混合比
と電池放電容量との関係を示す。 FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the mixing ratio of the mixed solvent and the battery discharge capacity in the battery of the present invention.
(ト) 発明の効果
第１図より明白なるように本発明電池Ａは比較
電池Ｂ乃至Ｅに比して高率放電特性が優れている
のがわかる。(G) Effects of the Invention As is clear from FIG. 1, the battery A of the present invention is superior in high rate discharge characteristics to the comparative batteries B to E.
この理由を考察するに、本発明における混合溶
媒は比較溶媒に比してリチウムイオンを解離しや
すく、放電に伴うリチウムイオンの拡散が向上
し、リチウムイオンと正極活物質との反応が円滑
に行なわれると共に、かかる混合溶媒に体して溶
質としてリチウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネー
トを用いることにより、理由は詳かではないが電
解液の電導度、粘度または誘電率に好影響をもた
らすことによつて電池特性が向上したと考えられ
る。 Considering the reason for this, the mixed solvent of the present invention dissociates lithium ions more easily than comparative solvents, improves the diffusion of lithium ions during discharge, and facilitates the reaction between lithium ions and the positive electrode active material. In addition, by using lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate as a solute in such a mixed solvent, the battery characteristics can be improved by having a favorable effect on the conductivity, viscosity, or dielectric constant of the electrolyte, although the reason is not clear. It is considered that this has improved.
第１図は本発明電池と比較電池との放電特性比
較図、第２図は本発明電池における混合溶媒の混
合比と電池放電容量との関係を示す図である。
Ａ……本発明電池、Ｂ〜Ｅ……比較電池。
FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of the discharge characteristics of the battery of the present invention and a comparative battery, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of the mixed solvent and the battery discharge capacity in the battery of the present invention. A: Batteries of the present invention, B to E: Comparative batteries.
Claims (1)
負極と、正極と、溶媒と溶質とからなる非水電解
液とを備えるものであつて、溶媒がプロピレンカ
ーボネートと炭酸ジエチルとの混合溶媒であり、
溶質がリチウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
であることを特徴とする非水電解液電池。1 A negative electrode containing lithium or a lithium alloy as an active material, a positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte consisting of a solvent and a solute, the solvent being a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate,
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery characterized in that the solute is lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18600784A JPS6164082A (en) | 1984-09-05 | 1984-09-05 | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18600784A JPS6164082A (en) | 1984-09-05 | 1984-09-05 | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6164082A JPS6164082A (en) | 1986-04-02 |
| JPH0574908B2 true JPH0574908B2 (en) | 1993-10-19 |
Family
ID=16180735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18600784A Granted JPS6164082A (en) | 1984-09-05 | 1984-09-05 | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6164082A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0673303B2 (en) * | 1988-07-01 | 1994-09-14 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Non-aqueous electrolyte battery |
| US4957833A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-09-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | Non-aqueous liquid electrolyte cell |
| US6291108B1 (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 2001-09-18 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte cell |
| US5474862A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1995-12-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries |
| US5256504A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-10-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Monaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries |
| KR101137747B1 (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2012-04-25 | 미쓰비시 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | Nonaqueous electrolyte solution, nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and carbonate compound |
-
1984
- 1984-09-05 JP JP18600784A patent/JPS6164082A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6164082A (en) | 1986-04-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |