JPH0572067B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0572067B2 JPH0572067B2 JP18354384A JP18354384A JPH0572067B2 JP H0572067 B2 JPH0572067 B2 JP H0572067B2 JP 18354384 A JP18354384 A JP 18354384A JP 18354384 A JP18354384 A JP 18354384A JP H0572067 B2 JPH0572067 B2 JP H0572067B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- solvent
- present
- aqueous electrolyte
- mixed solvent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HRQGCQVOJVTVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(chloromethyl) ether Chemical compound ClCOCCl HRQGCQVOJVTVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001891 dimethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 lithium and sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
- H01M6/162—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte
- H01M6/164—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte by the solvent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(イ) 産業上の利用分野
本発明はリチウム、ナトリウムなどの軽金属或
いはそれらの合金を活物質とする負極と、金属の
酸化物、硫化物、ハロゲン化物などを活物質とす
る正極と、溶媒と溶質とからなる非水電解液とを
備えた非水電解液電池に係り、特に非水電解液の
改良に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a negative electrode that uses light metals such as lithium and sodium, or alloys thereof, as active materials, and a negative electrode that uses metal oxides, sulfides, halides, etc. as active materials. The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte battery comprising a positive electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a solvent and a solute, and particularly relates to improvements in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
(ロ) 従来の技術
この種電池に用いられる非水電解液を構成する
溶媒及び溶質として種々のものが提案されてい
る。具体的には例えば特公昭57−32866号公報に
開示されているように、溶媒としてプロピレンカ
ーボネート、γ−ブチロラクトン、ジメトキシエ
タン、ジオキソラン、テトラハイドロフランな
ど、又溶質として過塩素酸リチウム、ホウフツ化
リチウムなどが知られている。(b) Prior Art Various solvents and solutes have been proposed for forming the non-aqueous electrolyte used in this type of battery. Specifically, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-32866, propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, dimethoxyethane, dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, etc. are used as solvents, and lithium perchlorate and lithium borofluoride are used as solutes. etc. are known.
さて、近年に至つてはこの種電池の適用分野の
拡大に伴い電池特性の改善が要望されており、そ
の一つとして高率放電特性の向上が望まれてい
る。 Now, in recent years, as the field of application of this type of battery has expanded, there has been a demand for improvements in battery characteristics, and one of these is the desire to improve high rate discharge characteristics.
ところで、電導度及びイオンの拡散の観点から
高率放電に適した溶媒としては高誘電率で且低粘
度であることが要求される。ところが一般に高誘
電率の溶媒は粘度が高く、低粘度の溶媒は誘電率
が低い。そこで、高粘度溶媒と低粘度溶媒とを混
合することにより高誘電率を有し且低粘度の溶媒
を得ることができる可能性があるが、未だ適切な
混合溶媒が見い出されていない。そのため従来の
非水電解液電池では高率放電特性に問題があつ
た。 Incidentally, from the viewpoint of conductivity and ion diffusion, a solvent suitable for high rate discharge is required to have a high dielectric constant and a low viscosity. However, in general, a solvent with a high dielectric constant has a high viscosity, and a solvent with a low viscosity has a low dielectric constant. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a solvent having a high dielectric constant and low viscosity by mixing a high viscosity solvent and a low viscosity solvent, but an appropriate mixed solvent has not yet been found. Therefore, conventional non-aqueous electrolyte batteries have had problems with high rate discharge characteristics.
(ハ) 発明が解決しようとする問題点
本発明は解決しようとする問題点は非水電解液
電池の高率放電特性を改善することにある。(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The problems to be solved by the present invention are to improve the high rate discharge characteristics of non-aqueous electrolyte batteries.
(ニ) 問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は非水電解液を構成する溶媒として、少
くともプロピレンカーボネートとビス（クロロメ
チル）エーテルとを含む混合溶媒を用いるもので
ある。(d) Means for solving the problems The present invention uses a mixed solvent containing at least propylene carbonate and bis(chloromethyl)ether as a solvent constituting the nonaqueous electrolyte.
(ホ) 作用
少くともプロピレンカーボネートビス（クロロ
メチル）エーテルとを含む混合溶媒は夫々の単独
溶媒或いは他の混合溶媒に比して溶質が解離しや
すく、又溶質の移動のエネルギーが低下して負極
活物質のイオンと正極活物質との反応が円滑に行
なわれる。(e) Effect A mixed solvent containing at least propylene carbonate bis(chloromethyl)ether has a tendency to dissociate solutes more easily than each solvent alone or other mixed solvents, and the energy of solute movement decreases, resulting in negative electrode The reaction between the ions of the active material and the positive electrode active material occurs smoothly.
(ヘ) 実施例 以下本発明電池の実施例について詳述する。(f) Examples Examples of the battery of the present invention will be described in detail below.
溶媒としてプロピレンカーボネートとビス（ク
ロロメチル）エーテルとを１：１の混合比で混合
した混合溶媒を用い、この混合溶媒に溶質として
過塩素酸リチウムを１モル／溶解したものを電
解液とする。 A mixed solvent in which propylene carbonate and bis(chloromethyl)ether are mixed at a mixing ratio of 1:1 is used as a solvent, and 1 mol/mol of lithium perchlorate is dissolved in this mixed solvent as a solute to form an electrolytic solution.
正極は350〜430℃の温度範囲で熱処理した二酸
化マンガンを活物質としこの二酸化マンガンと、
導電剤としてのカーボン粉末及び粘着剤としての
フツ素樹脂粉末とを85：10：５の重量比で混合し
た混合物を加圧成形し250〜350℃で熱処理したも
のを用い、又負極はリチウム圧延板を所定寸法に
打抜いたものを用いて径20.0mm、厚み2.5mm、電
池容量120ｍAHの本発明電池を得る。この電池
をＡとする。 The positive electrode uses manganese dioxide as an active material that has been heat-treated in a temperature range of 350 to 430 degrees Celsius, and this manganese dioxide and
A mixture of carbon powder as a conductive agent and fluororesin powder as an adhesive in a weight ratio of 85:10:5 was pressure-molded and heat-treated at 250 to 350°C, and the negative electrode was lithium rolled. A battery of the present invention having a diameter of 20.0 mm, a thickness of 2.5 mm, and a battery capacity of 120 mAH is obtained by punching a plate into a predetermined size. This battery is called A.
次に本発明電池の優位性を調べるために、溶媒
としてプロピレンカーボネートを単独で用いた比
較電池Ｂと、ビス（クロロメチル）エーテルを単
独で用いた比較電池Ｃと、プロピレンカーボネー
トと１，２ジメトキシエタンとを１：１の混合比
で混合した現在広く使用されている混合溶媒を用
いた比較電池Ｄを作成した。尚、比較電池Ｂ，
Ｃ，Ｄは溶媒を除いて他の要素は本発明の実施例
と同様である。 Next, in order to examine the superiority of the battery of the present invention, a comparative battery B using propylene carbonate alone as a solvent, a comparative battery C using bis(chloromethyl) ether alone, and a comparative battery C using propylene carbonate and 1,2 dimethoxy Comparative battery D was prepared using a currently widely used mixed solvent that was mixed with ethane at a mixing ratio of 1:1. In addition, comparison battery B,
C and D are the same as the examples of the present invention except for the solvent.
第１図はこれらの電池を組立ててすぐに25℃に
おいて500Ωの定抵抗で放電した時の放電特性図
である。第１図より明白なるように本発明電池Ａ
は比較電池Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄに比して高率放電特性が改
善されている。 Figure 1 shows the discharge characteristics when these batteries were assembled and immediately discharged at 25°C with a constant resistance of 500Ω. As is clear from FIG. 1, the invention battery A
Compared to comparative batteries B, C, and D, the high rate discharge characteristics were improved.
第２図は本発明電池における混合溶媒の混合比
と電池の放電容量との関係を示す図である。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of the mixed solvent in the battery of the present invention and the discharge capacity of the battery.
(ヘ) 発明の効果
上述した如く、本発明は溶媒として少くともプ
ロピレンカーボネートとビス（クロロメチル）エ
ーテルとを含む混合溶媒を用いることを要旨とす
るものであり、この混合溶媒は溶質が解離しやす
く、又溶質の移動のエネルギーが低下して負極活
物質のイオンと正極活物質との反応が円滑に行な
われるため、高率放電特性に優れた非水電解液電
池を得ることができ、この種電池の用途拡大に資
するところ極めて大である。(f) Effects of the invention As mentioned above, the gist of the present invention is to use a mixed solvent containing at least propylene carbonate and bis(chloromethyl)ether as a solvent, and this mixed solvent is used to prevent solutes from dissociating. Furthermore, since the energy of solute movement is reduced and the reaction between the ions of the negative electrode active material and the positive electrode active material occurs smoothly, it is possible to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte battery with excellent high rate discharge characteristics. This greatly contributes to expanding the use of seed batteries.
第１図は本発明電池と比較電池との高率放電特
性比較図、第２図は本発明電池における混合溶媒
の混合比と電池の放電容量との関係を示す図であ
る。
Ａ……本発明電池、Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄ……比較電池。
FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of the high rate discharge characteristics of the battery of the present invention and a comparative battery, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of the mixed solvent and the discharge capacity of the battery of the present invention. A: Batteries of the present invention, B, C, D: Comparative batteries.
Claims (1)
れらの合金を活物質とする負極と、正極と、溶媒
と溶質とからなる非水電解液とを備えるものであ
つて、前記溶媒が少くともプロピレンカーボネー
トとビス（クロロメチル）エーテルとを含む混合
溶媒であることを特徴とする非水電解液電池。1 A negative electrode comprising a light metal such as lithium or sodium or an alloy thereof as an active material, a positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a solvent and a solute, wherein the solvent is at least propylene carbonate and bis( A non-aqueous electrolyte battery characterized by being a mixed solvent containing (chloromethyl) ether.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18354384A JPS6161369A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18354384A JPS6161369A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6161369A JPS6161369A (en) | 1986-03-29 |
| JPH0572067B2 true JPH0572067B2 (en) | 1993-10-08 |
Family
ID=16137653
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18354384A Granted JPS6161369A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6161369A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW360987B (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1999-06-11 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Non-aqueous electrolyte and lithium secondary battery |
-
1984
- 1984-08-31 JP JP18354384A patent/JPS6161369A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6161369A (en) | 1986-03-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |