JPH0574384B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a water discharge distance control device for a water discharge nozzle, which controls the water discharge distance by controlling the water discharge pressure for long-distance water discharge and by controlling the nozzle elevation angle for the immediate fire. Regarding.

(Prior art) Conventionally, water nozzles have been installed as fire extinguishing devices in facilities with wide fire extinguishing areas, such as ball game stadiums and exhibition halls. No matter where a fire occurs in a large extinguishing area, the water nozzle is directed to the fire source by horizontal rotation, and the distance of water spray is adjusted by changing the elevation angle of the water nozzle.

By the way, when controlling the water spray distance by changing the elevation angle of the water spray nozzle, the elevation angle of the nozzle is increased for long distances, and the nozzle's installation position (height from the part targeted for extinguishing) is used for short distances. The nozzle elevation angle is controlled to be small, or to be directed below the horizontal, although this varies depending on the method. In this case, at long distances, the fire extinguishing water emitted from the nozzle is sprayed from a direction approximately perpendicular to the water spraying area, so people and objects at the water spraying position are unlikely to receive water hammer. At short or medium distances where the angle of elevation is small or the fire is directed downwards, fire extinguishing water is sprayed from the side within the water discharge area, potentially causing water hammer damage to people and property.

Therefore, the inventor of the present application has developed a water spray pattern in which fire extinguishing water always falls from the sky to the water spray area, regardless of the water spray distance, to avoid water hammer damage and ensure a sufficient water spray area while spraying water. As a water discharge distance control device that can control the distance, the elevation angle of the water discharge nozzle is fixedly set to a predetermined elevation angle that provides the maximum flight distance, for example, 25 degrees, and an electric valve is installed in the water supply pipe to the water discharge nozzle. A pressure sensor is provided to detect the nozzle water discharge pressure, and the water discharge pressure corresponding to the water discharge distance is set as a control target value, and the electric valve is opened so that the deviation between this set pressure and the water discharge pressure detected by the pressure sensor is zero. We are proposing a device for feedback control of the temperature.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, not only the conventional water discharge distance control that performs elevation angle control, but also the water discharge distance control by controlling the water discharge pressure proposed by the inventor of the present invention, there is no proper way to control the water discharge distance. In order to obtain the spraying characteristics, a certain minimum water discharge pressure is required to ensure a steady flow of water at the nozzle, so even if the pressure is adjusted to that limit, for example, for a water discharge nozzle with a maximum distance of 90 m, the shortest water discharge will be required. The distance remained at around 10 to 20 meters, and there was a problem in that it was difficult to effectively extinguish fires that occurred in the vicinity of the nozzle installation location because the distance was too close.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems. The purpose is to provide fire extinguishing equipment.

In order to achieve this purpose, in the present invention, a water spray nozzle that can be rotated horizontally and vertically is installed, and the elevation angle of the water spray nozzle is The nozzle is held fixed at an elevation angle that provides the maximum flying distance, for example, θ = 25°, and the opening degree of the electric valve is controlled so that a preset water spraying pressure is achieved according to the set water spraying distance while this nozzle elevation angle is maintained. Controls water discharge pressure,
On the other hand, for the setting of the nearest water discharge distance of 0 to 15 m, which exceeds the limit of water discharge pressure control, for example, while maintaining the water discharge pressure at the shortest water discharge distance of 15 m when the nozzle elevation angle is fixed, the nozzle elevation angle is changed as the set water discharge distance becomes shorter. The elevation angle is controlled to increase the angle.

(Function) According to the configuration of the present invention, when the shortest water discharge distance when the nozzle elevation angle is fixed, for example, exceeds 15 m, the water discharge pressure is controlled with the nozzle elevation angle fixed, but if the distance is less than 15 m. Contrary to the conventional immediate water spraying, the nozzle elevation angle increases as the set water spraying distance becomes shorter, and when the water spraying distance reaches 0m, the nozzle elevation angle becomes 90°C and water is sprayed directly above. By increasing the size of the nozzle, fire extinguishing water is released upwards like a fountain, creating a water spray pattern that rains directly near the nozzle.

(Example) FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the present invention.

First, to explain the configuration, 1 is a water spray nozzle, which is installed on a pedestal 2 so that it can freely rotate horizontally and vertically via a horizontal rotating part 3 and a vertical rotating part 15. It can be controlled in the range from =0° to 90° as shown by 1a.

A water supply pipe 4 from a fire pump serving as a pressure source (not shown) is connected to the water discharge nozzle 1 .

In addition, the water spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment has a structure in which compressed air is blown around the water flow passing through the nozzle in order to ensure a long flying distance and a wide spray area with low pressure and a small amount of water sprayed. An air pipe 4a is connected, and the compressed air supplied from the air pipe 4a is supplied to the air blowing portion of the water discharge nozzle 1 through a flexible hose 4b.

As a water discharge nozzle 1 that uses compressed air in this manner, for example, the one proposed by the applicant of the present invention, disclosed in Utility Model Application No. 154761/1980, is known.

An electric valve 5 is provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 4 from a pressurized source connected to the water discharge nozzle 1. The electric valve 5 is driven by a built-in motor to control the opening and closing of the valve, and is generally used for flow rate control. It is being A pressure sensor 6 is installed on the secondary side of the electric valve 5 to detect water discharge pressure.

For such a piping system configuration for the water spray nozzle 1, a water spray distance setting device 8, a pressure setting device 9, a summing point 10, and a current amplifier 12 are provided as means for controlling the water spray distance. water discharge pressure control means for controlling the water discharge pressure so as to control the rotation by applying it to the valve 5, detect the water discharge pressure based on this rotation control with the pressure sensor 6, and feed it back to the addition point 10 to obtain the set water discharge distance; It consists of

In controlling the water discharge distance by this water discharge pressure control means, the elevation angle θ of the water discharge nozzle 1 is fixed and held at the elevation angle that provides the maximum flight distance, and the elevation angle θ that provides the maximum flight distance of the water discharge nozzle 1 is as follows. Based on the results of water spray experiments, it is desirable to set θ = around 25°. The elevation angle θ of the water spray nozzle 1 is maintained at around 25°, which gives the maximum flying distance, by applying the control output of the elevation angle controller 16 to the vertical rotation unit 15.

That is, the water discharge distance setting device 8 has a water discharge distance setting range of, for example, 0 to 90 m as the water discharge distance range by the water discharge nozzle 1, and sets the elevation angle θ of the water discharge nozzle 1 to θ=
Since the range of the shortest water spray distance when the nozzle elevation angle is fixed and held at around 25 degrees is 10 to 20 m, for example, the minimum water spray distance when the nozzle elevation angle is fixed and held is set to 15 m, and the shortest water spray distance is set to 15 m or more. To set the water spray distance, the elevation angle controller 16 supplies the vertical rotation unit 15 with a control output that fixes and maintains the nozzle elevation angle θ at θ=25°. On the other hand, the nozzle elevation angle is θ
= Shortest water discharge distance 15 when held fixed at around 25°
Regarding the nearest distance setting of m or less, the elevation angle controller 16 will control the nozzle elevation angle θ according to the set distance from the water discharge distance setting device 8 of 0 to 15 m, as will be explained later. That is, the shorter the distance set by the water spray distance setting device 8, the greater the elevation angle θ of the water spray nozzle 1, and when the water spray distance is 0 m, the nozzle elevation angle θ= as shown in the water spray nozzle 1a.
Now controlled at 90°.

Next, a water discharge distance control means for controlling the water discharge distance with the elevation angle of the water discharge nozzle 1 fixed and held at θ=25° will be explained.

The water spraying distance setting device 8 can set the water spraying distance in the range of water spraying by the water spraying nozzle 1, for example, in the range of 0 to 90m, and when the nozzle elevation angle is held fixed, the distance can be set to fire sources with a minimum water spraying distance of more than 15m. Manually or automatically set an appropriate water discharge distance according to the distance to the location.

The pressure setting device 9 inputs a set distance exceeding 15 m from the water discharge distance setting device 8, and outputs the water discharge pressure Pi corresponding to the set distance to the addition point 10 as a control target value. That is, the pressure setting device 9 has a function of converting the water discharge distance L exceeding the shortest water discharge distance of 15 m into the water discharge pressure P, and this conversion characteristic is based on the relationship between the water discharge pressure and the water discharge distance obtained from the water discharge experiment of the water discharge nozzle 1. I have decided.

The water discharge pressure P detected by the pressure sensor 6 is input to the addition point 10 which receives the set pressure Pi from the pressure setting device 9, and the addition point 10 calculates the deviation ΔP between the set pressure Pi and the water discharge pressure P by using a current amplifier. Output to 12.
The current amplifier 12 is the pressure deviation ΔP from the addition point 10.
For example, since the control current of the electric valve 5 is 4 to 20 mA, the pressure deviation ΔP should be set to 4 to 20 mA.
It converts into a current signal in the 20 mA range and outputs it to the electric valve 5. Electric valve 5 is 4 to 20 m from current amplifier 12
In response to the A signal, the valve opening is controlled by motor drive, and the pressure setting device 9, addition point 10, and current amplifier 1
2. A feedback system consisting of the electric valve 5 and the pressure sensor 6 controls the opening and closing of the electric valve so that the water discharge pressure of the water discharge nozzle 1 becomes the pressure set by the pressure setting device 9.

Next, to explain the control of the most recent water discharge within 15 m, assuming that the water discharge distance setting device 8 sets the water discharge distance of 15 m or less, the pressure setting device 9 fixes the nozzle elevation angle for setting the most recent water discharge distance of 15 m or less. The output state of the minimum water discharge pressure corresponding to the shortest water discharge distance of 15 m is maintained, and for this reason, when discharging water at the closest distance of 15 m or less, the water discharge pressure to the water discharge nozzle 1 is the same as when the nozzle elevation angle is fixed in the pressure setting device 9. The set pressure is maintained at the shortest distance of 15m.

Further, the elevation angle controller 16 receives the setting distance from the water discharge distance setting device 8 that is 15 m or less, for example, the second
The vertical rotation unit 15 is driven according to the control characteristics shown in the figure. In other words, when the set distance is 15 m, the nozzle elevation angle θ is 25°, but as the established distance is lowered to 15 m or less, the nozzle elevation angle θ is changed from θ = 25°.
The control characteristic increases linearly toward 90°.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.

Figure 3 shows the elevation angle θ of the water nozzle 1 in Figure 1 as θ=
It is an explanatory diagram showing the water discharge pattern obtained by the water discharge pressure control means in a state fixed at around 25 degrees in three stages of short distance L1, middle distance L2, and long distance L3, and each water discharge pattern is surrounded by a solid line. The range is the water spraying range, and the shaded area within this water spraying range is shown as the effective water spraying range where a spraying rate of approximately 5/min·m ² can be obtained, which is the prescribed watering rate for the sprinkler head. In addition, in any water discharging pattern at short distance, medium distance, or long distance,
Since the elevation angle θ of the water spray nozzle 1 is fixed at around 25°, which gives the maximum flight distance,
The water discharged from the water discharge nozzle 1 produces a water discharge pattern in the form of raining down from above onto the extinguishing area.

Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, for example, if a short distance L1 = 42 m is set in the water discharge distance setting device 8, this setting distance L1 = 42 m exceeds the shortest water discharge distance of 15 m, so the elevation angle controller 16
generates a control output for the vertical rotation unit 15 to maintain the elevation angle θ of the water discharge nozzle 1 fixed at around 25°, which gives the maximum flying distance. On the other hand, water discharge distance setting device 8
The distance setting value L1 from the pressure setting device 9 is given to the pressure setting device 9, and the pressure setting device 9 outputs the water discharge pressure P1 corresponding to the setting distance L1 to the addition point 10. For example, the setting pressure P1 by the pressure setting device 9 is P1= It becomes 3Kgf/ ^cm2 .
The addition point 10 that receives the set pressure P1 from the pressure setting device 9 calculates the deviation ΔP from the actual water discharge pressure P detected from the pressure sensor 6 at the current amplifier 1.
2, and feedback control of the motorized valve 5 is performed so as to maintain the water discharge pressure P of the pressure sensor 6 at the set pressure P1 by controlling the motorized valve by the current amplifier 12. As a result, the water discharge pressure P to the water discharge nozzle 1 is
is maintained at the set pressure P1, and the water discharge pattern shown at short distance L1 in FIG. 3 can be obtained.

Control of the water discharge pressure based on the setting of the water discharge distance is the same for the middle distance L2 and the long distance L3. For example, when the water discharge distance L2 = 65 m, the pressure setting device 9 sets the set pressure P2 = 5 kgf/ Set cm ² as addition point 10, and set water discharge pressure as set pressure P2 =
It is controlled to be 5Kgf/cm ² . Furthermore, when the long distance L3 = 90m is set with the water discharge distance setting device 8, the pressure setting device 9 sets the set pressure P3 = 90m at the addition point 10.
By setting the water discharge pressure to 8Kgf/cm ² and controlling the electric valve 5 to maintain the water discharge pressure at 8Kgf/cm ² , a long distance L3 water discharge pattern can be obtained. Here, the compressed air pressure applied by the air pipe 4a to the water spray nozzle 1 in each of the short-range, middle-range, and long-range water spray patterns is maintained at a constant pressure of, for example, 6.5 Kgf/cm ² .

Next, with reference to the water spray pattern shown in FIG. 4, the control of the most recent water spray for the shortest water spray distance of 15 m or less when the nozzle elevation angle is held fixed will be described.

Figure 4 shows water discharge distances of 10m, 5m, and 0m below 15m.
3, the water spraying pattern is shown when the water spraying pattern is set to each of m. Similarly to FIG. 3, the range shown by the solid line is the water spraying range, and the range shown by diagonal lines inside the solid line is the effective watering range.

That is, for the closest distance within 15 m, the setting control of the nozzle elevation angle θ with respect to the water spray distance L according to the control characteristics shown in FIG. 2 is performed by the elevation angle controller 16 that receives the set distance from the water spray distance setting device 8. For example, when water spray distance L = 10 m, nozzle elevation angle θ =
When the water spray distance L = 5 m, the nozzle elevation angle θ is controlled to be around 72 °, and when the water spray distance L = 0 m, the nozzle elevation angle θ =
It will now be controlled at 90°.

In setting the closest distance of 15m or less,
For example, the pressure setting device 9 fixes the water discharge pressure P1 = 3 kgf/cm ² that gives the short distance L1 in Fig. 3, and as the water discharge distance becomes shorter, the nozzle elevation angle θ changes.
By increasing the size of the nozzle, a water spray pattern is created in which fire extinguishing water is blown upwards like a fountain and falls right next to the nozzle. In particular, when the water spray distance L = 0 m, the elevation angle θ of the water spray nozzle 1 is 90° as shown in Fig. 1a, and water is sprayed directly above.
A substantially circular water spray pattern centered on the nozzle installation position can be obtained.

Furthermore, regarding immediate water spraying that controls the nozzle elevation angle of water spray nozzle 1, when water spray nozzle 1 is used in a facility with a ceiling structure, if the set water spray distance becomes shorter and the nozzle elevation angle θ increases, the water spray The fire extinguishing water sprayed from the nozzle 1 comes to hit the ceiling surface. In this case, by obtaining the latest water spray pattern and applying fire extinguishing water to the ceiling,
This provides a cooling effect on the ceiling surface and prevents the spread of fire to the ceiling surface due to flames blowing up.

In addition, although the above-mentioned embodiment took a water spray nozzle structured to blow compressed air as an example, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied as it is to a normal rod-shaped water spray nozzle or foam nozzle. For example, in the case of a bar-shaped water spray nozzle, the elevation angle that gives the maximum flight distance is 30° to 40°, so in the case of a fire that exceeds the shortest water spraying distance, the elevation angle of the water spray nozzle should be fixed and maintained within this elevation angle range. In the case of a foam nozzle, the elevation angle at which the maximum flight distance can be obtained is around 20°, so it is sufficient to keep the foam nozzle fixed at an elevation angle of around 20° and control the water discharge pressure in the same way.
On the other hand, for the most recent fire, the nozzle elevation angle is controlled as in the above embodiment.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the case was taken as an example in which the water discharge distance can be freely set for water discharge pressure control over 15 m by the water discharge distance setting device 8, but in practice, for example, short distance, Three stages, medium-range and long-range, can be switched automatically or manually, and even if there is a recent fire within 15 meters, the fourth stage will be set.
As shown in the figure, the water discharge distance is L=10m, 5m, 0
It may be possible to switch automatically or manually to the three stages of m.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, a water discharge nozzle that can be rotated horizontally and vertically is installed,
For the shortest water discharging distance of about 10 to 20 m, for example, the shortest water discharging distance of 15 m or more, the elevation angle of the water nozzle should be set to the elevation angle at which the maximum flight distance can be obtained, for example θ =
The nozzle elevation angle is held fixed at 25°, and water discharge pressure control is performed by controlling the opening degree of the electric valve so that a predetermined water discharge pressure is achieved according to the set water discharge distance while maintaining this nozzle elevation angle. 0-15 exceeding
For setting the most recent water spray distance of m, for example, while maintaining the water spray pressure at the shortest water spray distance of 15 m when the nozzle elevation angle is fixed, elevation angle control is performed to increase the nozzle elevation angle as the set water spray distance becomes shorter. This can be achieved by controlling the nozzle elevation angle and controlling the water spray pressure while keeping the nozzle elevation angle fixed. Furthermore, in the case of a recent fire, by increasing the nozzle elevation angle, it is possible to realize a water spray pattern from the immediate vicinity of the nozzle to a long distance. It is possible to obtain a water discharge pattern in which extinguishing water is poured from above against a fire, and there is no problem of water hammer when extinguishing a recent fire, which was conventionally done by lowering the nozzle elevation angle, and the nozzle elevation angle can be increased. You can also spray fire extinguishing water onto the ceiling to obtain a cooling effect on the ceiling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph diagram showing the control characteristics of the nozzle elevation angle with respect to the most recent water discharge distance by the elevation angle controller of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a water discharge pattern obtained by controlling the water discharge pressure while the nozzle elevation angle is held fixed, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the most recent water discharge pattern obtained by controlling the nozzle elevation angle. 1: Water nozzle, 2: Frame, 3: Horizontal rotation part,
4: Water supply piping, 4a: Air piping, 4b: Flexible hose, 5: Electric valve, 6: Pressure sensor, 8:
Water discharge distance setting device, 9: Pressure setting device, 10: Addition point, 12: Current amplifier, 15: Vertical rotation part, 1
6: Elevation angle controller.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A water spray nozzle installed to be freely rotatable vertically and horizontally, an elevation angle holding means for maintaining the elevation angle of the water spray nozzle at a predetermined angle at which a maximum flying distance is obtained when the set water spray distance is a predetermined distance or more, and the elevation angle Water discharge pressure control means for supplying pressurized fire extinguishing water to the water discharge nozzle at a water discharge pressure corresponding to a set water discharge distance while the elevation angle is held by the holding means; and water discharge by the water discharge pressure control means when the set water discharge distance is equal to or less than the predetermined distance. A water discharge distance control device for a water discharge nozzle, comprising: elevation angle control means for controlling the elevation angle of the water discharge nozzle according to a set distance while maintaining pressure at a specified pressure.