JPH0572519B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a tunnel construction method.

[Conventional technology]

In tunnel construction, the excavation method is selected from among the full section method, bench cut method, etc., taking into account the self-supporting face, the bearing capacity of the ground, etc.
No matter which excavation method is used, different mechanical equipment is used for each type of work. Most of these mechanical devices are individually equipped with a drive source such as an engine, and are replaced and set at a predetermined position on the face each time the type of work changes. Furthermore, in the long bench construction method and the short bench construction method, each of the above-mentioned mechanical devices for the upper half section and the lower half section are required separately, at least for simultaneous construction of the upper and lower half sections, and therefore twice the number of machines is required. .

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Providing separate mechanical equipment for each type of work and replacing and resetting a large number of mechanical equipment each time it is used not only requires a huge amount of equipment costs, but also makes the mine cluttered and degrades the working environment. It also increases the time required for one cycle of face work (drilling, blasting, shearing, shotcrete, lock bolting, etc.).

In addition, it is desirable to select the most appropriate tunnel excavation method for each section depending on the geological conditions, that is, to change the full-section method and the bench-cut method as appropriate. Most of the equipment has different standards and cannot be used interchangeably, so it is necessary to have two models that are compatible with each construction method, which significantly reduces the operating rate of the machinery.

The present invention relates to a tunnel construction method proposed for the purpose of solving these problems.

[Means for solving problems]

The configuration of the present invention adopted to achieve the above object will be explained based on examples as follows.

Generally speaking, the present invention is a tunnel construction method using a first gantry A, a second gantry B, and a self-propelled transport vehicle C, in which the first gantry A is transported by a self-propelled vehicle C. A process of installing the face at a predetermined position and carrying out work such as drilling and charging, and transporting the second gantry B by the same self-propelled vehicle C and installing it at a predetermined position of the face,
This includes the process of erecting shoring and performing primary lining with shotcrete, lock bolts, etc.

The first gantry A sets up machine frame B on pallet A,
For example, a rock drill c is mounted on the left and right of the upper stage and the center of the lower stage of the machine frame b so as to be movable back and forth, and a work platform d for carrying charges, etc. is also mounted on the center of the upper stage so as to be movable back and forth.

The second gantry B has a machine frame f set up on a pallet e, and is equipped with a spraying robot g and a shoring erecting erector h with a rock drill installed on the upper stage of the machine frame f so as to be able to move forward and backward. Charging decks i are installed on the left and right sides of the middle row so that they can move forward and backward, and a dust collector j is installed in the center of the latter half of the upper row, and a curtain device k is installed around this dust collector j. It is equipped with an attaching machine l, a quick-setting agent injection device m, an air dryer n, a mortar mixer o, a mortar pump p, etc.

The self-propelled transportation vehicle C connects a tractor head q and a low-floor chassis r that is U-shaped in plan, and has an inner frame s that is also U-shaped in plan and movable up and down inside the low-floor chassis r. Become. This self-propelled vehicle C has the inner frame s engaged and supported by the pallets a and e of the first and second gantry A and B, and is mounted with the first and second gantry A and B, and these are installed at the required location. can be transported to

[Effect]

According to the present invention, the first gantry A is equipped with a plurality of rock drills c along with a work scaffold d for charges etc. in the upper and lower stages or in the upper, middle and lower stages so as to be able to move forward and backward, respectively. By appropriately selecting and deciding which level of rock drill c to use and where to move it forward and backward, you can use the full section method, the bench cut method (especially the short bench method, and the bench length of 5 m). You can freely select the mini-bench construction method and change it depending on the construction area.

In addition, since the second gantry B is equipped with various equipment necessary for erecting support works and primary lining, it eliminates the trouble of replacing and setting up mechanical equipment for each type of construction, and it is easy to install. It is possible to perform temporary shoring and primary lining. Moreover, at that time,
Since the face is partitioned by the curtain device k, dust is prevented from scattering into the rear space of the mine, and the dust can be efficiently collected by the dust collector j.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned first and second gantry A, B can be easily replaced by the transportation vehicle C, and this self-propelled vehicle C can be used during the above-mentioned drilling, charging, etc. During the primary lining, it can also be used for other conveyance operations inside the mine. That is, according to the present invention, the number of mechanical devices equipped with a drive source such as an engine can be extremely reduced.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

The first gantry A is a machine frame b constructed from a plurality of supports 1, upper and lower beams 2, 2, required reinforcing materials 3, etc. on a pallet a with a flat, reverse convex shape and a rectangular plane. In addition, it is equipped with a plurality of known rock drills c and similarly known working scaffolds d for charges, etc., so as to be able to move forward and backward.

Reference numerals 4, 5, and 6 denote sliders having a substantially H-shaped cross section and mounted in parallel on the left and right on the sleeper 7 that spans between the left and right upper beam members 2, 2.
When the sprocket 10 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 9 with a reducer installed in the sleeper 7, each of the sprockets 5 and 6 slides in the longitudinal direction of the guide plate 8, which is the longitudinal direction of the sprocket 10. move.

12, 13, and 14 are flat plate-shaped carriages fitted in the upper halves of the sliders 4, 5, and 6. It runs guided by the upper half rail parts 4', 5', and 6', and when the sprocket 18 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 17 with a reduction gear mounted on each carriage, it is pulled by the chain 19 and moves forward and backward. done in the direction.

Among the above carriages, carriages 12 on both sides,
14, the upper jackhammer c, and the carriage 1 in the center.
Work scaffold d for chemical charges, etc. is mounted on 3 and 3 respectively.

Therefore, these rock drills c and work scaffolding d
is capable of moving forward and backward within the total length of the designed sliding lengths of the sliders 4, 5, and 6 and the designed running lengths of the carriages 12, 13, and 14.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a rail on which the rock drill c is mounted on the lower stage of the machine frame b so that it can move forward and backward. This rail 2
0 has the same cross-sectional shape as the upper half rail portions 4', 5', and 6' of the sliders 4, 5, and 6, and is installed parallel to the left and right lower beam members 2, 2 at the center thereof,
The carriage 21 is connected to the carriages 12, 13, 14.
It is designed to travel within the rail 20 with the same configuration and procedure as the above. The rock drill c in the lower stage is mounted on the carriage 21 and moves back and forth as the carriage 21 travels.

Note that this lower rock jackhammer c also uses the rail 20 as a slider, and similarly to the upper rock jackhammer c, it is designed to move forward and backward within the total length of the sliding length of the slider and the running length of the carriage 21. You can also do this. Additionally, the jackhammer is not limited to the upper and lower two levels, but may be installed in the upper, middle, and lower three levels as needed.

Reference numeral 22 denotes vertical movement devices such as outriggers, jacks, etc. provided at at least the four front, rear, left, and right corners of the machine frame b, which adjust and set the height of the first gantry A at the installation location, such as the face, as appropriate.

23 is a reaction force receiving device such as an outrigger that is foldably attached to the lower surface of the front end of the sliders 4, 5, and 6, and the cross-sectional shape of the sliders 4, 5, and 6 is It is designed to be as small as possible.

The second gantry B is constructed from a plurality of supports 24 and upper and lower beams 25, 25 on a pallet e with a flat, reverse convex shape and a rectangular plane. It is equipped with mechanical equipment for each type of work required for the primary lining.

26, 27, 28 are left and right upper beam squares 25, 2
The slider has a roughly H-shaped cross section and is placed on a plurality of sleepers 29 that span between 4 and 5, parallel to each other from side to side. That is, when the sprocket 32 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 31 with a speed reducer installed in the sleeper 29 inside the guide plate 30 equipped with a bearing, the sprocket 32 is pulled by the chain 33 and slides in the front-rear direction.

34, 35, 36 are sliders 26, 27, 2
Each carriage is a flat carriage fitted in the upper half of the carriage 8, and each carriage is connected to each carriage 12, 1 of the first gantry A.
3, 14, the wheels 37 and bearings 38 supported on the left and right sides are connected to the sliders 26, 27,
It travels while being guided by the upper half rail portions 26', 27', and 28' of 28, and is pulled by the chain 41 when the sprocket 40 is rotated by a hydraulic motor 39 with a reduction gear mounted on each carriage. This is done in the front-back direction.

Of the above-mentioned carriages, a known spraying robot g is mounted on the central carriage 35, and a similarly known erector h for shoring erection with a rock drill is mounted on the carriages 34 and 36 on both sides.

Therefore, the robot g and the erector h can move forward and backward within the total length of the designed sliding lengths of the sliders 26, 27, 28 and the designed running lengths of the carriages 34, 35, 36.

The slider 27 on which robot g is mounted
is set to slide on the front half of the top surface of the machine frame f, and a known slider is installed behind the slider 27, that is, at the rear half of the top surface of the machine frame f, between the sliders 26 and 28 on both sides. A dust collector is installed.

Reference numerals 42 and 43 denote sliders with an H-shaped cross section installed on the left and right sides of the middle stage of the machine frame f.
Same procedure as 6, 27, 28 (therefore, same procedure as sliders 4, 5, 6 of 1st gantry A)
That is, when the sprocket 47 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 46 with a speed reducer fixedly supported on the machine frame f side within the guide plate 45 containing a bearing, the sprocket 47 is pulled by the chain 48 and slides in the front-rear direction.

49 and 50 are flat carriages fitted in the upper halves of the sliders 42 and 43, and each carriage is
The same procedure as for the above-mentioned carriages 34, 35, 36 (therefore, also the sliders 4, 5, 6 of the first gantry A)
In other words, the wheels 5 on the left and right sides
1. The bearing 52 is guided by the upper half rails of the sliders 42 and 43 and travels, and when the sprocket 54 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 53 with a reduction gear mounted on each carriage, it is pulled by the chain 55. This is done in the front-back direction.

A known charging deck i is mounted on these carriages 49, 50. Therefore, this charging deck i is slider 4.
It is possible to move forward and backward within the total length of the designed sliding length of the carriages 2 and 43 and the designed running length of the carriages 49 and 50.

K is a curtain device, which surrounds the dust collector j and stretches a curtain between the dust collector j and the circumferential surface of the mine to prevent shotcrete dust from scattering behind the dust collector j. This is for effective dust collection, and its composition is as follows.

Reference numeral 56 denotes a left-right undulating rotary rod whose base end is rotatably supported on the outer end mounting plate 29' of the sleeper 29 which protrudes to the left and right outer sides of the dust collector j, and 57 indicates the left and right outer ends of the sleeper 29. This is a hydraulic cylinder whose base end is pivotally supported on the upper horizontal member 58 so as to be able to move up and down.
By the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 57', the left and right lifting rotation rods 56 can be moved between the upright position at right angles to the sliders 26 and 28 and the down position parallel to the sliders 26 and 28. Rotate.

59 is a horizontal rotation rod whose base end is horizontally rotatably supported below the base end shaft fulcrum of the left and right undulating rotation rods 56;
Reference numeral 60 denotes a hydraulic cylinder whose base end is pivotally supported on the upper beam member 25, and the tip of the piston rod 60' is pivotally supported on the horizontal rotation rod 59.
By the expansion and contraction movement of 0', the left and right horizontal rotation rods 59
is rotated horizontally between a position perpendicular to the sliders 26 and 28 and a position parallel to them.

A rotary shaft 61 is rotated by a hydraulic motor 62 fixed to the base of the left and right horizontal rotation rods 59, and is supported in parallel with the horizontal rotation rods 59.

63 is a curtain stretched between the upper ends of the left and right undulating rotation rods 56, 64 is a curtain stretched between the undulation rotation rod 56 and the horizontal rotation rod 59, and 65 is a curtain that can be wound around the rotary shaft 61. The curtain 66 is an auxiliary rod attached to the center of the curtain 64.

When the curtain device k having the above configuration is not in use, it is closed to the rear as shown in FIGS. 11 and 16.
When in use, the curtains are opened as shown in FIGS. 12 and 18, and the outer shapes of the curtains 63, 64, and 65 are formed to match the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel as much as possible.

Reference numeral 67 denotes a vertical movement device such as an outrigger, a jack, etc. provided at at least the four front, rear, right, left, and right corners of the raising frame f, which adjusts and sets the height of the second gantry B at the installation location, such as the face, as appropriate.

l is a spraying machine, m is a quick-setting agent injection device, n is an air dryer, o is a mortar mixer, and p is a mortar pump, all of which are known. is installed on top.

Self-propelled transportation vehicle C has a tractor head q,
It is connected to a low-floor chassis r that is U-shaped in plan and has an open rear side, and an inner frame s that is U-shaped in plan and L-shaped in cross-section and also has an open rear side is mounted inside this low-floor chassis r so as to be vertically movable. It's on a shelf. That is, the inner frame s is connected at its base end to the piston rods 69 of a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 68 attached to a plurality of required locations of the low-floor chassis r via a connecting rod 70.
It moves up and down horizontally by the required height due to the expansion and contraction movement of.

This transportation vehicle C moves backward,
By inserting the inner frame s from the open rear side below the pallets a and e of the first and second gantry A and B and moving the inner frame s upward, the first and second gantry A , B can be loaded and transported to the desired installation location, and at the installation location, the inner frame s is once lowered to lower the first and second gantry A and B to the ground,
By moving forward, the inner frame s can be removed from the pallets a and e.

Construction 1 Drilling and charging Two first gantry A are transported separately by a self-propelled transport vehicle C, placed side by side on the left and right at a predetermined position at the face, and the height is adjusted and set as appropriate using the vertical movement device 22. . Next, place each rock drill c in the required position, that is, in the full section method, all the rock drills c are lined up, and in the bench cut method, each rock drill c is moved forward and backward as appropriate, and the corresponding In accordance with the bench length of the short bench construction method or the mini bench construction method, the prescribed drilling work is performed, and the work scaffold d is moved back and forth as appropriate to perform the prescribed charging work (see Fig. 3).

In the above, the rock drill c and the work platform d are:
The movement of the carriages 12, 13, 14, and 21 and the sliding of the sliders 4, 5, and 6 allow you to freely set their forward and backward positions, so you can easily set the optimal position for the excavation method you select or the excavation method you are changing the construction area. It is possible to match the

2. Unloading A container (not shown) having the required configuration that allows loading and unloading using the inner frame s is mounted on the self-propelled transportation vehicle C, and a known loader (not shown) is mounted on the container. Load the shear and shift the face.

3. Shoring erection and primary lining The second gantry B is transported by a self-propelled transport vehicle C, lowered to a predetermined position at the face, and its height is adjusted and installed using the vertical movement device 67 as appropriate. Next, the shoring erection erector h, the spraying robot g, and the charging deck i are mounted on the carriage 34,
36, 35, 49, 50 runs and slider 2
By sliding of 6, 28, 27, 42, 43,
Move back and forth as appropriate to erect shoring and perform primary lining with shotcrete, lock bolts, etc. In particular, when spraying concrete as described above, by using a curtain device k, it is possible to prevent dust from scattering to the rear of the mine.

4. Secondary lining After the primary lining is stabilized, the secondary lining is performed using known methods such as formwork, concrete pumps, truck mixers, etc.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above, according to the present invention, the two devices, the first gantry and the second gantry, are transported and installed at a predetermined position on the face by a self-propelled transport vehicle, thereby making it possible to perform drilling and charging. , shoring erection, shotcrete, rock bolting, etc., which can be carried out by transporting and installing the appropriate machinery for each type of work separately, as in the past. Unlike conventional methods, this method does not make the mine cluttered, does not worsen the working environment, and can shorten the time required for one cycle of face work.

The first gantry is equipped with multiple rock jackhammers that can move forward and backward in the upper and lower tiers, or in the upper, middle, and lower tiers, so it is difficult to decide which tier the rock jackhammer should be used for. In addition, by appropriately selecting and deciding where to move forward and backward, it is possible to freely select the full section construction method, bench cut construction method (especially short bench construction method, mini bench construction method) and change the construction area. The operating rate of mechanical equipment can be significantly improved compared to the conventional case where mechanical equipment had to be prepared and used depending on the situation.

In addition to mechanical equipment suitable for each type of work, the second gantry is equipped with a curtain device, which allows shotcrete construction to be carried out with the working face partitioned off. It is possible to efficiently collect dust without scattering it. The curtain device described above is not limited to the one in the embodiment, and may be an air curtain, for example.

In addition, since the self-propelled transportation vehicle uses a low-floor chassis connected to the tractor head, the first and second gantry can be sufficiently high, and the self-propelled transportation vehicle In addition to transporting the first gantry or the second gantry to a predetermined position at the face, it can also be used to transport containers for sliding out, and it is economical because it can reduce the number of mechanical devices with drive sources in the mine. It also has the effect of not contaminating the working environment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are for explaining an embodiment of the construction method of the present invention. Figure 1 is a side view of the first gantry mounted on a self-propelled transportation vehicle, and Figure 2 is a side view of the first gantry being lowered to the ground. Figure 3 is a side view of the first gantry installed on the face, Figure 4 is a front view of the same as above, Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of the first gantry, Figure 6 is a front view of the first gantry.
The figure is a side view of the slider and carriage parts in the first gantry, FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the same as above, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the main part showing how the carriage is fitted to the upper half rail of the slider, Figure 9 is a plan view of the self-propelled transport vehicle, Figure 10 is a front view of the same main parts, and Figure 11 is a front view of the same main parts.
The figure shows a side view of the second gantry installed on the face, Fig. 12 is a front view of the same as above, Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of the second gantry, and Fig. 14 shows the slider and carriage in the second gantry. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of the right half of the same as above, FIGS. 16 to 18 are perspective views of the curtain device portion of the second gantry,
FIG. 19 is a front view of the main parts same as above. a... Pallet, b... Machine frame, c... Jackhammer,
d...Working scaffold for charges, etc., A...First gantry, q...
...Tractor head, r...low chassis, C...
...Transportation self-propelled vehicle, e...Pallet, f...Machine frame, g...Shotting robot, h...Shoring erection erector with rock drill, i...Charging deck, j...Dust collector , k... curtain device, l...
...Blowing machine, m...Quick setting agent injection device, n...Air dryer, o...Mortar mixer, p...
mortar pump.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A machine frame is established on a pallet, and on the machine frame,
Multiple jackhammers on the lower tier or upper, middle, and lower tiers,
In addition, the first gantry, which is equipped with work scaffolds for charges, etc. on the upper stage so as to be movable forward and backward, is transported by a self-propelled transport vehicle consisting of a tractor head and a low-floor chassis connected to the face. Place it in place and
In addition to the process of drilling holes and charging, a machine frame is also set up on the pallet, and a spray robot and a shoring erector with a rock drill are installed in the upper stage of the machine frame, and a charging machine is installed in the middle stage. In addition to being equipped with decks that can move forward and backward,
A dust collector is installed on the upper stage, a curtain device is installed around this dust collector, and a sprayer, quick-setting agent injection device, air dryer, mortar mixer, mortar pump, etc. are installed on the lower stage. The two girders were transported by the self-propelled vehicle and installed at the designated location of the face, and the shoring was erected and the primary lining with shotcrete, lock bolts, etc.
A tunnel construction method comprising the step of: carrying out the step in a state where the face is partitioned around the dust collector by the curtain device.