JPH0570787B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0570787B2 JPH0570787B2 JP61062199A JP6219986A JPH0570787B2 JP H0570787 B2 JPH0570787 B2 JP H0570787B2 JP 61062199 A JP61062199 A JP 61062199A JP 6219986 A JP6219986 A JP 6219986A JP H0570787 B2 JPH0570787 B2 JP H0570787B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- conductive
- contact
- electrolyte
- conductive plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- POIUWJQBRNEFGX-XAMSXPGMSA-N cathelicidin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 POIUWJQBRNEFGX-XAMSXPGMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、電気化学的にガス濃度を検出する装
置、より詳しくは電極構造に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an apparatus for electrochemically detecting gas concentration, and more particularly to an electrode structure.
（従来技術）
雰囲気中の目的ガスを電気化学的に検出する装
置は、第５図に観られる如く筒状ケースＡの端部
近傍に電極受け部Ｂ形成して、ここに一端が通孔
Ｃを介してケース外部に引き出されたリード線Ｄ
の他端を配設し、ガス透過性膜E1の裏面に白金
黒E2を塗布した電極Ｅを配置するとともに、こ
れの上部からＯリングＦを介して押え環Ｇにより
固定して構成されている。(Prior art) A device for electrochemically detecting a target gas in an atmosphere has an electrode receiving part B formed near the end of a cylindrical case A, as shown in FIG. Lead wire D pulled out to the outside of the case via
An electrode E coated with platinum black E2 is placed on the back side of the gas permeable membrane E1 , and is fixed from above with a presser ring G via an O-ring F. ing.
しかしながら、電極受け部Ｂとリード線Ｄとの
段差によりＯリングＦと電極の間に隙間Ｈ，Ｈが
生じ、ここから電解液が外部に洩れるという大き
な問題に加えて、電極Ｅとリード線Ｄとの接触面
積が極めて小さいため、接触不良を起したり、電
気抵抗が高くなるという問題があり、さらにはリ
ード線Ｄを外部に引出す通孔Ｃに封止を目的とし
て充填した接着剤Ｊ歪化によりリード線Ｄとの間
に隙間が生て電解液が外部に洩れるという問題が
あつた（第６図）。 However, due to the difference in level between the electrode receiving part B and the lead wire D, gaps H and H are created between the O-ring F and the electrode, and in addition to this, there is a big problem that the electrolyte leaks to the outside. Since the contact area with the lead wire D is extremely small, there are problems such as poor contact and high electrical resistance.Furthermore, the adhesive J strain filled in the through hole C through which the lead wire D is drawn out for the purpose of sealing. This caused a problem in that a gap was created between the lead wire D and the electrolyte leaked to the outside (FIG. 6).
このような問題を解決するため、実開昭55−
116259号公報に見られる如く電極が形成される基
板に、電極と接触するようにリード線を埋め込ん
でしまう手法も提案されているが、加工に手間を
要したり、電極面に凹凸部が生じてシール効果が
低下する等の問題があつた。 In order to solve such problems,
As seen in Publication No. 116259, a method has been proposed in which lead wires are embedded in the substrate on which the electrodes are formed so as to be in contact with the electrodes, but this method requires time and effort to process and causes unevenness on the electrode surface. There were problems such as a decrease in the sealing effect.
また、このような問題を解決するため、ケース
の電極受け部からケース外部にかけて金属メツキ
を施して、シール効果、及び電極とリード線の接
触を向上させた検出器を本出願人は先に提案した
が、メツキ材料に貴金属を大量に使用する関係
上、コスト上昇を招くという不都合があつた。 In order to solve this problem, the applicant previously proposed a detector in which metal plating is applied from the electrode receiving part of the case to the outside of the case to improve the sealing effect and the contact between the electrode and the lead wire. However, since a large amount of precious metal is used in the plating material, it has the disadvantage of increasing costs.
（目 的）
本発明はこのような問題が鑑みてなされたもの
であつて、その目的とするところは、コストの上
昇を招くことなく高い液密性を保持して電極出力
を外部に取出すことができる新規な電気化学型ガ
ス検出器を提供することである。(Purpose) The present invention was made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to extract the electrode output to the outside while maintaining high liquid tightness without causing an increase in cost. The object of the present invention is to provide a new electrochemical type gas detector capable of
（構 成）
そこで、以下に本発明の詳細を図示した実施例
に基づいて説明する。(Structure) Therefore, details of the present invention will be explained below based on illustrated embodiments.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例を示すものであつ
て、図中符号１は、高分子材料製のケース本体を
ある筒状体で、開口１ａ，１ｂの端部近傍に電極
受け部１ｃ，１ｄが形成されている。２は、本発
明が特徴部分とする電極体で、第２図に示したよ
うに通気性を備えた導電性板状体、例えばカーボ
ンクロス２ａの少なくとも一方の面に、電極作用
を奏する金属例えば白金黒粒２ｂ，２ｂ，２ｂ…
…と発水性を持つ材料、例えばポリテトラフルオ
ルエチレン（以下、PTFEという）粒２ｃ，２
ｃ，２ｃ……との混合物を塗布して、白金黒粒２
ｂ，２ｂ，２ｂ……が導電性板状体２ａと導電関
係を維持するとともに通気性を備えた電極面２ｄ
が形成されている。この電極体２は、電極面２ｄ
を電解液３側となるように電極受け部１ｃ，１ｄ
に載置され、他面側、つまりカーボンクロス２ａ
側にリード部材４，５を接触させた状態でＯリン
グ６，７を介してリング状押え部材８，９でケー
ス１に固定されている。なお、図中符号１０は、
ガス選択性膜を示す。 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical case body made of a polymer material, with electrode receiving portions near the ends of openings 1a and 1b. 1c and 1d are formed. Reference numeral 2 denotes an electrode body which is a feature of the present invention, and as shown in FIG. 2, at least one surface of a conductive plate-like body having air permeability, for example, carbon cloth 2a, is coated with a metal, for example, which acts as an electrode. Platinum black grains 2b, 2b, 2b...
...and water repellent materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as PTFE) particles 2c, 2
Apply a mixture of c, 2c..., platinum black grains 2
b, 2b, 2b... are electrode surfaces 2d that maintain a conductive relationship with the conductive plate-like body 2a and have air permeability.
is formed. This electrode body 2 has an electrode surface 2d
electrode receiving parts 1c and 1d so that they are on the electrolyte solution 3 side.
on the other side, that is, carbon cloth 2a.
It is fixed to the case 1 by ring-shaped holding members 8, 9 via O-rings 6, 7 with the lead members 4, 5 in contact with the sides thereof. In addition, the reference numeral 10 in the figure is
Showing a gas-selective membrane.
この実施例によれば、電極体２は、Ｏリング
６，７を介して押え板８，９により電極受け部１
ｃ，１ｄの表面と均一に弾圧されて液密構造を形
成する一方、電解液面より上部に露出している導
電性板状体２ａを介してリード部材４，５に電気
的に接続している。また、電極体２に接する電解
液３は、電極面２ｄに存在するPTFE粒２ｃ，２
ｃ，２ｃ……の発水作用を受け、白金黒粒２ｂ，
２ｂ，２ｂ……の表面に気相領域を形成するとと
もに導電性板状体２ａ側への染み出しが阻止され
ている。 According to this embodiment, the electrode body 2 is attached to the electrode receiving portion 1 by the holding plates 8 and 9 via the O-rings 6 and 7.
c and 1d to form a liquid-tight structure, while being electrically connected to the lead members 4 and 5 via the conductive plate-like body 2a exposed above the electrolyte surface. There is. Further, the electrolytic solution 3 in contact with the electrode body 2 is
Under the water generating action of c, 2c..., platinum black grains 2b,
A gas phase region is formed on the surfaces of the conductive plates 2b, 2b, .
このような状態において、検出すべきガスが開
口１ａに流れ込んで来ると、ガスは導電性板状体
２ａを通過して電極面２ｄの領域に侵入し、電解
液３に接液している白金黒粒２ｂ，２ｂ，２ｂ…
…に接触する。これにより、白金黒粒２ｂ，２
ｂ，２ｂ，……は、その表面で侵入したガスを電
解（酸化又は還元）してその濃度に比例した電流
を発生せしめる。この電位は導電性板状体２ａを
通つてリード４，５部材に伝導されて外部機器に
より測定される。 In this state, when the gas to be detected flows into the opening 1a, the gas passes through the conductive plate 2a and enters the area of the electrode surface 2d, causing the platinum in contact with the electrolyte 3 to flow into the opening 1a. Black grains 2b, 2b, 2b...
come into contact with... As a result, platinum black grains 2b, 2
b, 2b, . . . electrolyze (oxidize or reduce) the gas that has entered on its surface and generate a current proportional to its concentration. This potential is conducted to the leads 4 and 5 through the conductive plate member 2a and measured by an external device.
第３図は、本発明の第２の実施例を示すもので
あつて、図中符号１１は、濾紙材の如き吸水体か
らなる電極液保持体で、これに電解液を吸収させ
た状態で、リング状スペーサ１２の空間部に収容
されている。 FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 11 denotes an electrode fluid holder made of a water absorbing material such as a filter paper, in which an electrolyte is absorbed. , are accommodated in the space of the ring-shaped spacer 12.
２，２は、カーボンクロス２ａの一面に白金黒
鉛とPTFE粒の混合物を塗布して電極面２ｄを形
成した前述の電極体で（第２図）、電極面２ｄが
電解液保持体１１に接触するようにサンドイツチ
状に積層され、リング状スペーサ１２に対向する
位置にＯリング１３，１４を配置した上で、リン
グ状の金属製押え板１５，１６を介し、一方の押
え板１６には側面と表面を覆う絶縁部材１７を介
装して、底部に通孔１８ａを穿設した金属キヤツ
プ１８に収容した上で、キヤツプの開放端１８ｂ
をカシメて積層構造に組付けられている。なお、
図中符号１９は、ガス透過性膜を示す。 2, 2 is the aforementioned electrode body in which the electrode surface 2d is formed by coating one surface of the carbon cloth 2a with a mixture of platinum graphite and PTFE particles (Fig. 2), and the electrode surface 2d is in contact with the electrolyte holder 11. O-rings 13 and 14 are placed in positions facing the ring-shaped spacer 12, and one of the holding plates 16 has a side surface attached to the ring-shaped metal holding plates 15 and 16. The cap is housed in a metal cap 18 having a through hole 18a at the bottom with an insulating member 17 interposed therebetween, and an open end 18b of the cap is inserted.
It is assembled into a laminated structure by caulking. In addition,
Reference numeral 19 in the figure indicates a gas permeable membrane.
この実施例によれば、電極面２ｄに発生した電
流は、表面側に露出しているカーボンクロス２ａ
を介して金属キヤツプ１８から外部に取出される
ため、電極体２のシール構造部、つまりスペーサ
１２と押え板１５，１７が対向する部分にシール
機能を阻害させるリード線が存在せず極めて良好
な液密構造を形成することができるばかりでな
く、金属ケース１８のカシメ作業をもつて封止が
達成される。 According to this embodiment, the current generated on the electrode surface 2d is transferred to the carbon cloth 2a exposed on the surface side.
Since it is taken out from the metal cap 18 via the metal cap 18, there is no lead wire that would impede the sealing function in the sealing structure of the electrode body 2, that is, the part where the spacer 12 and the holding plates 15, 17 face each other. Not only can a liquid-tight structure be formed, but also sealing can be achieved by caulking the metal case 18.
第４図は、前述の第２の実施例における電解液
保持体１１を改良した第３実施例を示すものであ
つて、図中符号２０は、ケース１８に収容可能
で、かつ電極体の電極面２ａに接する程度の厚み
を持つた吸水材からなる母材２０ａに欠落部２０
ｂ，２０ｂ，２０ｂ……を設けてなる電解液保持
体で、これの両面には前述した電極体（第２図）
２，２が、その電極面２ａを接するように配置し
てＯリング１３，１４、金属製押え板１５，１６
を介して金属ケース１８をもつて積層構造となる
ように組付けられている。 FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment in which the electrolyte holder 11 in the second embodiment is improved. A missing portion 20 is formed in a base material 20a made of a water-absorbing material that is thick enough to be in contact with the surface 2a.
b, 20b, 20b..., and the above-mentioned electrode bodies (Fig. 2) are mounted on both sides of the electrolyte holder.
2, 2 are arranged so that their electrode surfaces 2a are in contact with O-rings 13, 14 and metal holding plates 15, 16.
They are assembled into a laminated structure with a metal case 18 interposed therebetween.
この実施例によれば、組付時に電解液保持体２
０母材２０ａから絞り出された電解液を欠落部に
収容して外部への漏洩を防止できるばかりでな
く、欠落部２０ｂ，２０ｂ，２０ｂ……の大きさ
を調整することによつて電解液の封入量を正確に
管理することが可能となる。 According to this embodiment, when assembling the electrolyte holder 2
0 Not only can the electrolytic solution squeezed out from the base material 20a be stored in the missing part to prevent it from leaking to the outside, but also by adjusting the size of the missing parts 20b, 20b, 20b... It becomes possible to accurately control the amount of encapsulation.
なお、上述した実施例においては、電極体の基
板としてカーボンクロスを用いているが、液密性
を維持できる程度の通気性を備えた導電性部材、
例えば導電性プラスチツクからなる織布や不織
布、さらには導電性プラスチツクシートに通気孔
を穿設したものが使用できることは明らかであ
り、また電極作用を奏する材料は検出ガスに応じ
て適宜選択されるとは云うまでもない。 In the above-mentioned embodiment, carbon cloth is used as the substrate of the electrode body, but a conductive member with air permeability sufficient to maintain liquid tightness,
For example, it is clear that woven or non-woven fabrics made of conductive plastic, or even conductive plastic sheets with ventilation holes, can be used, and the material that acts as an electrode can be selected as appropriate depending on the detected gas. Needless to say.
（効 果）
以上、説明したように本発明によれば、通気性
を持つた板状導電材の表面に触媒層からなる電極
面を形成した電極体を用い、これに電極面側を電
解液に接しさせるようにしたので、表面に露出し
ている板状導電材を介して電極電位を外部に取出
すことができて、電極面と受け部材間の液密性の
向上と、リード部材の取付けの簡素化さらにはリ
ード部材と電極面間の電気抵抗の減少を図ること
ができ、特に薄型の検出器にあつては製造工程を
飛躍的に簡素化することが可能となる。(Effects) As explained above, according to the present invention, an electrode body is used in which an electrode surface consisting of a catalyst layer is formed on the surface of a tabular conductive material having air permeability, and the electrode surface side is coated with an electrolyte. Since the electrode potential can be taken out to the outside through the plate-shaped conductive material exposed on the surface, it is possible to improve the liquid tightness between the electrode surface and the receiving member, and to attach the lead member. Moreover, it is possible to reduce the electrical resistance between the lead member and the electrode surface, and it is possible to dramatically simplify the manufacturing process, especially in the case of a thin detector.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例を示す装置の断面
図、第２図は、本発明に使用する電極体の一実施
例を示す断面図、及び第３，４図は、それぞれ本
発明の他の実施例を示す断面図、及び第５，６図
は、それぞれ従来の電気化学式ガス検出器の一例
を示す断面図、その液漏れのメカニズムを示す説
明図である。
１……ケース、２……電極体、２ａ……導電性
板状体、２ｄ……電極層、３……電解液、１１，
２０……電解液保持体。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an electrode body used in the present invention, and FIGS. FIGS. 5 and 6 are a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional electrochemical gas detector, and an explanatory view showing a liquid leakage mechanism thereof, respectively. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Case, 2... Electrode body, 2a... Conductive plate-shaped body, 2d... Electrode layer, 3... Electrolyte solution, 11,
20... Electrolyte holder.
Claims (1)
面側に、発水剤粒と電極剤金属粒の混合物層を形
成して前記電極剤金属粒と導電性板状体を導電関
係をもたせた電極面を設けた電極体を、電極面が
電解液に接液するようにケースに液密的に取付け
るとともに、前記電極体の導電性板状体にリード
部材を導電的に接触させてなる電気化学式ガス検
出器。1. An electrode in which a mixture layer of water generating agent particles and electrode material metal particles is formed on at least one side of a conductive plate-like body having air permeability, so that the electrode material metal particles and the conductive plate-like body have a conductive relationship. An electrochemical system in which an electrode body provided with a surface is mounted in a liquid-tight manner in a case so that the electrode surface is in contact with the electrolyte, and a lead member is brought into conductive contact with the conductive plate-like body of the electrode body. gas detector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61062199A JPS62218852A (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1986-03-20 | Electrochemical type gas detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61062199A JPS62218852A (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1986-03-20 | Electrochemical type gas detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62218852A JPS62218852A (en) | 1987-09-26 |
| JPH0570787B2 true JPH0570787B2 (en) | 1993-10-05 |
Family
ID=13193236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61062199A Granted JPS62218852A (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1986-03-20 | Electrochemical type gas detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62218852A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5744697A (en) * | 1995-08-16 | 1998-04-28 | J And N Associates, Inc. | Gas sensor with conductive housing portions |
| US6098523A (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 2000-08-08 | Draeger Safety, Inc. | Testing apparatus for gas sensors |
| US6358384B1 (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 2002-03-19 | National Draeger Incorporated | Electrochemical sensor for detecting a predetermined gas |
| JP4615303B2 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2011-01-19 | 株式会社ガステック | Galvanic cell type gas sensor |
| CN101865869A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-10-20 | 湖南师范大学 | Thermoelectrochemistry electrode based on thermistor |
-
1986
- 1986-03-20 JP JP61062199A patent/JPS62218852A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62218852A (en) | 1987-09-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |