JPH0569470U - Water seal device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] The outer shape is small and the structure is simple, the height of the device can be sufficiently reduced, and the reliable water sealing function is also highly reliable in response to higher atmospheric pressure fluctuations. To provide a water sealing device that can be used for [Structure] A water tank 11, a valve chamber 13 having a valve 18 having a specific gravity of 1 or less and installed upright in the water tank, and an upper opening 1 of the valve chamber 13.
4 is connected to an airtight chamber, an inflow pipe 16 is connected to the airtight chamber, an upper end is located in the water tank 11 at a position higher than the upper opening 14 of the valve chamber 13, and a lower end is connected to an exhaust pipe 19 leading to the outside of the water tank 11. 18 is each opening 14 at the top or bottom of the valve chamber 13,
Each opening can be closed airtightly by being pressed against 15 from the inside.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a water sealing device, and more particularly to a water sealing device capable of discharging a liquid in an airtight chamber in an airtight state by forming a water head in a water tank.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 As one of the specific examples requiring the above water sealing action, for example, there is a problem of water sealing at the outlet of the wastewater discharge pipe when the wastewater used in the inside of the railway vehicle is discarded outside the vehicle.

When a vehicle travels at high speed, a large atmospheric pressure difference occurs between the inside and outside of the vehicle, and in the case of an airtight structure body capable of coping with changes in air pressure inside and outside, in order to drain water from inside the vehicle to outside the vehicle, There is a need for a water sealing device that can contain water of a height corresponding to the difference. The head height required for this purpose gradually increases as the vehicle speed increases, but there is a limit due to the underfloor dimension of the vehicle body.Within this limit dimension, the required head height required from the vehicle speed increase. The need to develop a water-sealing device that can digest water has recently become a problem.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-11453 is an example of the prior art of such a water sealing device. To briefly explain this, in FIGS. 4 to 6, the water storage chamber is divided into two water storage chambers 6 and 7 having substantially the same volume by the partition wall 1, the water storage chamber 6 is provided with an inflow pipe 2, and the water storage chamber 7 is provided with an outflow pipe. 3 are provided respectively, the upper end of the inflow pipe 2 is communicated with the airtight chamber, the water storage chambers 6 and 7 are connected by a siphon pipe 4 penetrating the partition wall 1, and the lower end of the inflow pipe 2 and the upper end of the siphon pipe 4 are connected. And the intervals between the upper ends of the outflow pipe 3 and the siphon pipe 4 are set so that the respective volumes of the water storage chambers 6 and 7 are equal to or greater than the inner volume of the siphon pipe 4. It will be done.

In the water sealing device configured as described above, when the external pressure becomes lower than the pressure in the airtight chamber, the surface of the stored water 5 in the water storage chamber 6 is pushed and lowered as shown in FIG. When reaching the line of the vent hole 8, bubbles 9 are supplied into the siphon pipe 4 through the vent hole 8 to form an intermediate air layer 10 and break the siphon state. If there is still a pressure difference in this state, air bubbles continue to be supplied into the siphon pipe, lowering the water level in the siphon pipe 4, and finally reaching the level of the vent hole 8 on the opposite side. ..

Considering the difference between the pressure in the airtight chamber and the external pressure in the above state, there is a pressure difference corresponding to the water head (h ₁ + h ₃ ) mmAq in FIG. 5 between the two pressures. Recognize. That is, the maximum value of the pressure resistance fluctuation amount in this case is (h ₁ + h ₃ ) mmA q, and this value is the capacity (that is, the maximum value) of the conventional water sealing device having only one water storage chamber. The value is about 1.5 to 1.7 times higher than that of the value h ₁ mmAq).

In contrast to FIG. 5, FIG. 6 shows a state in which the external pressure is higher than the pressure in the airtight chamber. In this case, the pressure resistant fluctuation amount is (h ₂ + h ₃ ) It becomes mmAq. Since the volumes of the water storage chambers 6 and 7 are made substantially equal, the lower limit value of h ₂ becomes equal to h _1, and the pressure resistance fluctuation amount that can be guaranteed as a device is the above pressure relationship. Similarly to the case where is the opposite, (h ₁ + h ₃ ) mmAq.

[0008]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 As described above, according to the above-described conventional device, it is preferable that the capacity can be increased by about 1.5 to 1.7 times when the capacity of the water sealing device up to that point is 1. However, with the recent rapid increase in vehicle speed, it is still not possible to keep up with the above capacity increase. In other words, if the vehicle is a high-speed vehicle of 300 km / h or more, even if the water sealing device of the above method is used, the height dimension required for the water sealing device will still exceed the limit value that comes from the underfloor structure. The sealing device cannot be stored under the floor of the car body. Therefore, if we try to fit the whole into a profile with a lower height by making this system a multiple type such as a double type and a triple type, the internal structure becomes extremely complicated and the amount of water contained in the device is increased. As a result, the weight of the entire device will increase and the price will rise, making it impractical.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation as described above, and is much smaller and lighter in weight and simple in structure than the above-mentioned conventional device, and the height of the device can be sufficiently reduced. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a water sealing device capable of performing a reliable water sealing function with high reliability without breaking the water sealing state even in response to higher atmospheric pressure fluctuations.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a water sealing device of the present invention is a water sealing device for forming a water head in a water tank to maintain airtightness of an airtight chamber, comprising: (a) water tank; It is erected in the tank and has openings for fluid inflow and outflow in the upper and lower parts, respectively, and the upper opening and the airtight chamber outside the water tank are connected to each other by an inflow pipe penetrating the top surface of the water tank. The valve chamber and (c) are accommodated in the valve chamber so that the valve chamber can move vertically, and at each end position of the movement, the upper or lower openings of the valve chamber can be airtightly closed, resulting in a specific gravity. A valve that is made less than 1 and (d) the upper end is inside the water tank and opens into the water tank at a position higher than the opening position of the upper part of the valve chamber, and the lower end penetrates the bottom surface of the water tank. It is configured to have a discharge pipe that communicates with the outside of the vehicle.

Alternatively, (e) the distance between the horizontal plane at the upper end of the discharge pipe and the horizontal plane at the upper opening end of the valve chamber is its depth so that the volume of the water tank becomes equal to or larger than the internal volume of the valve chamber. Is preferably set.

[0012]

[Action]

 According to the water sealing device of the present invention having the above structure, when water flows from the airtight chamber through the inflow pipe toward the water tank, the valve closing the upper opening of the valve chamber is pushed down by the inflow water. Is opened to allow water to pass freely into the valve chamber. In other words, this state is equivalent to the state in which the head is constructed by the ordinary method and the head functions as a water seal.

Next, when the external air pressure of the water tank is lower than the airtight chamber air pressure, the gas in the airtight chamber flows into the valve chamber from the upper opening of the valve chamber through the inflow pipe, and the water level and the water level in the valve chamber are increased. Press the valves floating in the direction toward the lower opening together. When this action continues, all the water in the valve chamber is removed and the valve chamber is filled with the gas, and at the same time, the lower opening of the valve chamber is closed by the depressed valve. As a result, the further outflow of gas from the airtight chamber is reliably shut off by the valve, so it is necessary to protect the water-sealing device from breaking its water-sealing condition and to safely protect the function of the device. You can

In addition, regarding the movement of the water retained in the water tank when this state is reached, as much water as the internal volume of the valve chamber is pushed out of the valve chamber and the upper end of the discharge pipe is From the lower end to the outside of the water tank, so that the above-mentioned volume of water has flowed out of the water tank.

Next, when the outside air pressure of the water tank is higher than the airtight chamber air pressure, the outside gas flows into the water tank through the discharge pipe, and the water tank that has been aligned with the upper end surface of the discharge pipe until then. The water surface inside is pushed down and the water in the water tank is pushed into the valve chamber by the corresponding amount through the lower opening of the valve chamber. As a result, the valve in the valve chamber rises along with the water surface inside the valve chamber by riding on the inflowing water, and if this action continues, the top surface of the valve is pressed against the upper opening of the valve chamber and the opening is made airtight. Leading to closure. As a result, even if the difference in atmospheric pressure between the two atmospheric pressures becomes larger than this, the flow of water or gas to the low pressure side through the opening is surely blocked.

Regarding the movement of water at this time, assuming that there was no water in the valve chamber, the water pressure in the water tank, which coincided with the upper end surface of the discharge pipe, was pushed down by the external atmospheric pressure flowing from the discharge pipe. When the valve chamber is filled with water, the required volume of water, that is, the internal volume of the valve chamber is determined by the configuration of claim 2 so that the distance between the horizontal plane at the upper end of the discharge pipe and the horizontal plane at the upper opening end of the valve chamber is If the depth is smaller than the volume of the aquarium, the valve should close the upper opening in the valve chamber before the water level in the aquarium drops to the height of the upper opening position of the valve chamber. become. Therefore, even if the valve occupies the position when the external air pressure in the water tank is higher than the airtight chamber pressure, the valve can be positioned stably even when the most disadvantageous condition where there is no water in the valve chamber is started. As such, there is no need to worry about breaking the water seal.

As described above, the water sealing device of the present invention uses the valve that is movable in the valve chamber by utilizing the buoyancy and the gravity in the valve chamber. Since the opening can be closed and blocked, water can freely flow out of the airtight chamber, but gas outflow from the airtight chamber blocks it, and inflow from the outside to the airtight chamber is Both water and gas can block this.

[0018]

【Example】

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the pressure of the airtight chamber connected to the water sealing device and the pressure of the outdoor are at the same level, so that no movement occurs in the stored water 12 in the water tank 11, and therefore the head height is (h ₁ + T). A valve chamber 13 is erected in the water tank 11, and openings 14 and 15 for fluid inflow and outflow are provided in an upper portion and a lower portion of the valve chamber 13, respectively. An inflow pipe 16 connects the upper opening 14 and an airtight chamber (not shown) to each other through the top surface 17 of the water tank. A spherical valve 18 having a specific gravity of less than 1, for example, about 0.5, is accommodated in the valve chamber 13 so as to be vertically movable in the valve chamber 13. The valve 18 can close the openings 14, 15 in an airtight manner when pressed against the respective upper or lower opening 14 or 15 of the valve chamber 13 at each end position of movement.

The discharge pipe 19 is provided in the water tank 11, its upper end is in the water tank, and is opened in the water tank at a position higher than the position of the opening 14 in the upper part of the valve chamber 13 by the dimension T, and its lower end is It penetrates the bottom surface 20 of the water tank and communicates with the outside of the water tank 11. The dimension T is set such that the volume is the depth and the volume of the cylinder having the diameter of the water tank 11 is larger than the inner volume of the valve chamber 13.

Next, the operation of exhibiting the water sealing function by the water sealing device having this configuration will be described.

As described above, FIG. 1 shows a state in which the pressure in the airtight chamber and the pressure in the outdoor are at the same level, and the head height as the water sealing capacity is (h ₁ + T). is there.

In this state, when water flows from the airtight chamber through the inflow pipe 16 toward the water tank 11, the valve 18 blocking the upper opening 14 of the valve chamber 13 is pushed down by the inflow water. The opening 14 is opened to allow water to pass freely into the valve chamber 13. That is, the flow of water from the airtight chamber can be freely accepted with the above head maintained.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which, from the equilibrium state of FIG. 1, the external pressure communicated with the lower end of the discharge pipe 19 becomes lower than the pressure of the airtight chamber to which the inflow pipe 16 is connected. In this state, the gas in the airtight chamber flows into the valve chamber 13 through the inflow pipe 16, and at the same time, the valve 18 is pushed down by the inflowing gas to move toward the opening 15 at the lower portion of the valve chamber and is pushed out of the valve chamber 13. The stored water 12 flows into the discharge pipe from the upper end of the discharge pipe 19, flows through the pipe and is discharged to the outside, and the water level in the water tank 11 is maintained on the surface at the upper end of the discharge pipe 19. In this state, the minimum height of the head is h ₄ in the figure, but when a pressure difference more than this occurs between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure, the valve 18 in the valve chamber 13 is Since it is pressed against the opening 15 at the lower part of the valve chamber and airtightly shuts off the opening, further reduction of the head cannot occur and a stable shutoff state can be maintained.

On the contrary, FIG. 3 shows a state in which the pressure on the outside of the discharge pipe is higher than the pressure in the airtight chamber. In this state, the external gas flows into the water tank 11 through the discharge pipe 19, pushes down the water surface of the stored water 12, and pushes the stored water 12 into the valve chamber 13 through the opening 15 at the bottom of the valve chamber 13. The water that has been pushed in moves along the valve 18 on the upper surface in the valve chamber 13 toward the upper opening 14. When the difference between the external pressure and the pressure in the airtight chamber continues, the valve 18 that has moved in the valve chamber 13 is pressed against the opening 14 in the upper part of the valve chamber and shuts off airtightly. As shown in FIG. 3, the decrease in the water level of the stored water remains at the height t, and no further decrease in the water level occurs, and the valve 18 can maintain a stable shutoff state.

The height t of the water level drop at this time is set so that the inner volume of the valve chamber 13 becomes smaller than the volume of the depth T of the water tank 11 in the present embodiment. As explained above, it is clear that there is a relationship of (t <T). However, if such a setting is not made, for example, before the valve 18 reaches the upper opening 14 of the valve chamber 13, the position of the water surface in the water tank is lower than the position of the upper opening 14. The situation is likely to occur, and if such a situation occurs, how much further water level drop in the aquarium will occur before the upper opening 14 is closed by the valve 18. There is a problem that it is difficult to identify, and in the sense of eliminating the possibility of such a situation and making the safety and reliability of the water sealing device solid, a regulation on the relationship between t and T is given. Is preferred.

As described above, according to the water sealing device of the present invention, when the inflow water is sent from the upper opening 14, the valve 18 is pushed down by the inflow water to open the upper opening 14 of the valve chamber 13. , By allowing the inflow of water freely to perform a water sealing action by a predetermined head, and when the valve 18 is pressed against the opening 13 or 14 according to the pressure action from one direction, water or gas It is possible to strongly prevent the water-sealed state from being broken by the pressure difference thereafter by interrupting the flow, so that the width of the pressure difference that can be dealt with can be greatly widened, and a particularly large pressure difference It is possible to have a highly reliable response to the occurrence.

[0028]

[Effect of the device]

 Since the water sealing device according to the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

A) A valve chamber is provided in the middle of the inflow pipe, a movable valve is provided in the valve chamber, and when the valve is in a floating state in the valve chamber, a water sealing action is performed by the water head, and when the pressure difference is large. Since the valve blocks the flow path of the valve chamber to prevent the water seal state from being broken, it has a very small and simple structure, and compared with the conventional device. In addition, a reliable water sealing function can be achieved in response to higher atmospheric pressure fluctuations, and its reliability can be strengthened.

B) With the configuration described in the preceding paragraph, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the height of the device as compared with the conventional one, which means that the water seal device can be used in a vehicle such as a railway vehicle. When used as drainage for draining this water out of the vehicle, it is particularly effective in fitting the water sealing device to a size that can be sufficiently stored under the floor of the vehicle body.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a water sealing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a different form of the water sealing device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a different form of the water sealing device of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional device.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional device of FIG. 4 in a different form.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional device of FIG. 4 in a different mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Water Tank 12 Water Storage 13 Valve Chambers 14, 15 Opening 16 Inflow Pipe 17 Top 18 Valve 19 Discharge Pipe 20 Bottom

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Fujinami 2-18 Wadayama-dori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hyogo factory

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A water-sealing device for forming a water head in a water tank to maintain airtightness of an airtight chamber, the water tank and an opening provided for standing in the water tank and having a top and a bottom respectively for opening and closing a fluid. In addition, a valve chamber in which the upper opening and the airtight chamber outside the water tank are connected to each other by an inflow pipe penetrating the top surface of the water tank, and the valve chamber is vertically movable in the valve chamber and is accommodated in the valve chamber. At each end position of the valve, the upper or lower openings of the valve chamber can be closed airtightly, and the specific gravity is less than 1, and the upper end is in the water tank and the upper opening of the valve chamber is A water sealing device having a discharge pipe that opens into the water tank at a position higher than the position and has a lower end that penetrates the bottom surface of the water tank and communicates with the outside of the water tank. 2. The above-mentioned interval is set such that the volume of the water tank having a depth between the horizontal plane at the upper end of the discharge pipe and the horizontal plane at the upper opening end of the valve chamber is equal to or greater than the internal volume of the valve chamber. Item 1. A water sealing device according to item 1.