JP2562504Y2 - Water sealing device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water sealing device, and more particularly, to forming a water head in a water tank.
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water sealing device capable of discharging a liquid in an airtight chamber while maintaining airtightness.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of the concrete examples which require the above-mentioned water sealing action, for example, in a case where waste water used in a railway vehicle is discarded outside the vehicle, the water sealing of an outlet of a waste water discharge pipe is required. There's a problem.

When a vehicle travels at a high speed, a large pressure difference is generated between the inside and outside of the vehicle. If the body has an airtight structure capable of coping with a change in the inside and outside pressure, the water pressure difference from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle requires the pressure difference. It is necessary to have a water seal device capable of storing water having a height corresponding to the height of the water seal. The required head height for this is
Although it gradually increases with the speeding up of the vehicle, there is a limit from the underfloor dimensions of the vehicle body, and within this limit size, a water seal device that can still satisfy the required head height required from the speeding up of the vehicle. The need for development has been a particular problem recently.

[0004] Examples of the prior art of such a water seal device include:
There is Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-11453. This will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 in which the water storage chamber is divided into two water storage chambers 6 and 7 having substantially the same volume by the partition 1, and the inflow pipe 2 is provided in the water storage chamber 6 and the outflow pipe is provided in the water storage chamber 7. 3 are provided, the upper end of the inflow pipe 2 is communicated with the airtight chamber, and the water storage chambers 6 and 7 are connected by a siphon pipe 4 penetrating the partition 1. The lower end of the inflow pipe 2 and the upper end of the siphon pipe 4 are connected to each other. And the respective volumes of the water storage chambers 6 and 7 at the distance between the upper end of the outflow pipe 3 and the upper end of the siphon pipe 4 are set to be equal to or larger than the inner volume of the siphon pipe 4. It is.

[0005] In the water seal device thus configured,
When the external pressure becomes lower than the pressure in the airtight chamber, the surface of the water storage 5 in the water storage chamber 6 is pushed down as shown in FIG. It is fed into the siphon tube 4 through 8 and forms an intermediate air layer 10 to break the siphon state. In this state, if a pressure difference still exists, the supply of air bubbles into the siphon tube continues to lower the water level in the siphon tube 4 until the water level reaches the level of the vent hole 8 on the opposite side. .

Considering the difference between the pressure inside the hermetic chamber and the external pressure in the above state, the head (h) in FIG.
₁ + h ₃₎ pressure difference corresponding to mmAq is understood to be in the transmembrane pressure therebetween. That is, the maximum value of the withstand pressure fluctuation amount in this case is (h ₁ + h ₃ ) mmAq, and this value is the capacity of the water seal device of the type having only one water storage chamber (that is, the maximum value). Is about 1.5 to 1.7 times higher than that of h ₁ mmAq).

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the external pressure is higher than the pressure in the airtight chamber, contrary to FIG. 5, and the withstand pressure fluctuation amount in this case is (h ₂ + h). ₃ ) mmA
q. Then, since the volume of the water storage chamber 6 and 7 are substantially equal, the lower limit value of h ₂ is equal to the h _1, pressure resistance variation that can guarantee the device described above, the pressure relationships reversed (H ₁ + h ₃ ) mmAq.

[0008]

As described above, according to the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, when the capacity of the water seal device up to that time is set to 1, the capacity is increased to about 1.5 to 1.7 times. It is preferable to be able to do so. However, in recent years, as the speeding up of vehicles has rapidly progressed, it is still impossible to keep up with the above-mentioned capacity increase. That is,
When a high-speed vehicle with a speed of 300 km / h or more is used, even if the water sealing device of the above method is used, the height required for the water sealing device still exceeds the limit value that comes from the underfloor structure. Can't fit under the floor. Therefore, if this system is multiplexed, such as a double system or triple system, if the whole is to be housed in a lower profile, the internal structure will be extremely complicated and the amount of water contained in the device will be reduced. As a result, the weight of the entire apparatus increases, and the price rises, resulting in poor feasibility.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and is very small in size and light in weight and simple in structure as compared with the above-mentioned conventional device, and can sufficiently reduce the height of the device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water sealing device that can perform a reliable water sealing function with a high degree of reliability without breaking the water sealing state even when responding to a higher pressure fluctuation.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a water sealing device according to the present invention is a water sealing device which forms a water head in a water tank to maintain the airtightness of an airtight chamber.
(A) a water tank, and (b) an upright and a lower part provided in the water tank, respectively, having openings for fluid inflow and outflow, and the upper opening and the airtight chamber outside the water tank penetrate the top surface of the water tank. A valve chamber connected to each other by an inflow pipe, and (c) housed in the valve chamber so as to be able to move vertically in the valve chamber,
A valve whose upper or lower opening can be hermetically closed at each end position of the movement and whose specific gravity is made less than 1; The upper part of the water tank is opened at a position higher than the opening position, and the lower end is provided with a discharge pipe penetrating the bottom surface of the water tank and communicating with the outside of the water tank.

Alternatively, (e) the distance between the horizontal plane at the upper end of the discharge pipe and the horizontal plane at the upper open end of the valve chamber is set to a depth so that the volume of the water tank is equal to or greater than the internal volume of the valve chamber. It is desirable that it is set.

[0012]

According to the water sealing device of the present invention having the above configuration, when water flows from the airtight chamber through the inflow pipe toward the water tank, the valve closing the upper opening of the valve chamber is driven by the inflow water. To open the opening and allow water to pass freely into the valve chamber. That is, this state is equivalent to a state in which a water head is formed by an ordinary method, and the water head exhibits a water sealing function.

Next, when the outside air pressure of the water tank is lower than the air pressure of the airtight chamber, the gas in the airtight chamber flows into the valve chamber from the upper opening of the valve chamber via the inflow pipe, and the water surface in the valve chamber and the water surface Push the valves floating on the bottom together toward the lower opening. As this action continues, all water in the valve chamber is purged and the valve chamber is filled with the gas while the lower opening of the valve chamber is closed by the depressed valve. As a result, further outflow of gas from the hermetic chamber is reliably shut off by the valve, so that the water seal state of the water seal device is prevented from being broken and the function of the device can be safely protected. it can.

[0014] When the water held in the water tank in this state is moved, water equivalent to the internal volume of the valve chamber is pushed out of the valve chamber, and the upper end of the discharge pipe is moved. Flows into the discharge pipe from below, flows down the pipe, and is discharged from the lower end to the outside of the water tank, so that the water of the above volume flows out of the water tank.

Next, when the outside air pressure of the water tank is higher than the air pressure in the airtight chamber, the external gas flows into the water tank via the discharge pipe, and the water tank which has been in the same position as the upper end face of the discharge pipe until then. The water inside the water tank is pushed down, and the water in the water tank is pushed into the valve chamber from the lower opening of the valve chamber. As a result, the valve in the valve chamber rises in the valve chamber together with the water surface on the inflowing water, and when this action continues, the top surface of the valve is pressed against the upper opening of the valve chamber, and the opening is airtightly closed. Leads to. Thus, even if the pressure difference between the two pressures becomes larger than this, water or gas flowing through the opening to the low pressure side is reliably blocked.

Regarding the movement of water at this time, assuming that there is no water in the valve chamber, the external air pressure flowing from the discharge pipe pushes down the water surface in the water tank which coincides with the upper end face of the discharge pipe. When filling the valve chamber with water, the required volume of water, that is, the internal volume of the valve chamber, is determined by the configuration of claim 2 to determine the distance between the horizontal plane at the upper end of the discharge pipe and the horizontal plane at the upper open end of the valve chamber. If the depth is smaller than the volume of the water tank, the upper opening in the valve chamber is closed by the valve before the water level in the water tank drops to the height of the upper opening position of the valve chamber. Become. Therefore, even if the valve occupies the outside pressure of the water tank higher than the air pressure in the airtight chamber, the valve can be stably positioned even when starting from the most disadvantageous condition that there is no water in the valve chamber. Thus, there is no need to worry about breaking the water seal.

As described above, the water seal device of the present invention uses the valve in the valve chamber that can move in the valve chamber using buoyancy and gravity. Can be blocked and shut off, so that the outflow of water from the hermetic chamber is allowed freely, but the outflow of gas from the hermetic chamber blocks this. Both gas and gas can block this.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows that the pressure in the airtight chamber connected to the water sealing device and the pressure outside the air chamber are at the same level, so that the water stored in the water tank 11 does not move at all, and therefore the head height is (h). ₁ + T). A valve chamber 13 is provided upright in the water tank 11, and openings 14 and 15 for fluid inflow and outflow are provided at upper and lower portions of the valve chamber 13, respectively. The upper opening 14 and the airtight chamber (not shown) are connected to each other through the top surface 17 of the water tank by an inflow pipe 16. A spherical valve 18 having a specific gravity of less than 1, for example, about 0.5 is accommodated in the valve chamber 13 so as to be able to move up and down in the valve chamber 13. When the valve 18 is pressed towards the respective opening 14 or 15 in the upper or lower part of the valve chamber 13 at each end position of the movement,
The openings 14, 15 can be closed airtight.

The discharge pipe 19 is provided in the water tank 11, the upper end of which is located in the water tank and opens into the water tank at a position higher by a dimension T than the position of the opening 14 at the top of the valve chamber 13.
The lower end penetrates the bottom surface 20 of the water tank and communicates with the outside of the water tank 11. The dimension T is defined as the depth, and the water tank 1
The volume of the cylinder having the diameter of 1 as its diameter is set to be larger than the inner volume of the valve chamber 13.

Next, a description will be given of the operation of the water sealing device having the above-mentioned structure to exert the water sealing function.

FIG. 1 shows a state where the pressure in the airtight chamber and the pressure outside the chamber are at the same level, as described above. The water head height as the water sealing ability is (h ₁ + T). is there.

In this state, when water flows into the water tank 11 from the airtight chamber through the inflow pipe 16, the valve 18 closing the upper opening 14 of the valve chamber 13 is pushed down by the inflow water. The opening 14 is opened to allow water to freely pass into the valve chamber 13. That is, the flow of water from the airtight chamber
It is freely accepted while maintaining the above-mentioned head.

FIG. 2 shows an inflow pipe 16 from the equilibrium state of FIG.
3 shows a state in which the external pressure through the lower end of the discharge pipe 19 is lower than the pressure in the airtight chamber to which the airtight chamber is connected. In this state, the gas in the airtight chamber flows through the inflow pipe 16 to the valve chamber 1.
3, and at the same time, the valve 18 is pushed down by the inflowing gas and moves toward the opening 15 at the lower part of the valve chamber.
The water reservoir 12 pushed out from 3 flows into the discharge pipe from the upper end of the discharge pipe 19, flows through the pipe and is discharged to the outside, and the water level in the water tank 11 is maintained at a surface at the upper end of the discharge pipe 19. is there. In this state, the minimum height of the head is h in the figure.
₄ is, but when no more pressure difference between the inflow side pressure and the discharge-side pressure occurs, the same valve at the same time the valve chamber 13 18
Is pressed against the opening 15 in the lower part of the valve chamber and shuts off the opening in an airtight manner.
A stable shut-off state can be maintained.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the external pressure on the discharge pipe side is higher than the pressure in the airtight chamber. In this state, external gas flows into the water tank 11 through the discharge pipe 19, pushes down the water surface of the water storage 12, and pushes the water storage 12 into the valve chamber 13 from the opening 15 at the lower part of the valve chamber 13.
The pushed water moves with the valve 18 on the upper surface and moves toward the upper opening 14 in the valve chamber 13. If there is a difference between the external pressure and the pressure in the hermetic chamber,
The valve 18 that has moved inside the valve chamber 13 has an opening 14 at the top of the valve chamber.
3, the water level of the water stored in the water tank drops at the height t as shown in FIG. 3, and the water level does not drop further. Can be held.

In this embodiment, the height t of the water level drop is set so that the inner volume of the valve chamber 13 is smaller than the depth T of the water tank 11 in this embodiment. As described above, it is clear that the relationship is (t <T). If such a setting is not made, for example, before the valve 18 reaches the upper opening 14 of the valve chamber 13, the water surface position in the water tank is lower than the position of the upper opening 14. This is likely to happen, and if such an event occurs, it is possible to determine how much more the water level in the aquarium will drop before the closure of the upper opening 14 by the valve 18 is achieved. In order to eliminate the possibility of such a situation and to make the safety and reliability of the water seal device solid, the setting of regulations on the relationship between t and T It is preferred.

Thus, according to the water sealing device of the present invention,
When the inflow water is sent from the upper opening 14, the valve 18 is pushed down by the inflow water and the upper opening 1 of the valve chamber 13 is opened.
When the valve 18 is pressed against the opening 13 or 14 in response to a pressure action from one direction, the water or the water Since the gas flow can be shut off and the water seal state can be strongly prevented from being broken by the subsequent pressure difference, the width of the corresponding pressure difference can be greatly widened, and the particularly large pressure difference can be prevented. A highly reliable response to the occurrence of the difference can be performed.

[0028]

[Effects of the Invention] The water sealing device according to the present invention has the following effects because it is configured as described above.

A) A valve chamber is provided in the middle of the inflow pipe, and a movable valve is provided therein. When the valve is in a floating state in the valve chamber,
When the water seal action is performed by the head and the pressure difference is large,
The valve shuts off the flow path of the valve chamber, preventing the water seal from being broken. A reliable water seal function can be performed in response to high pressure fluctuations, and its reliability can be enhanced.

(B) The configuration described in the preceding paragraph makes it possible to sufficiently reduce the height of the device as compared with the conventional device. When used for drainage, in which the water sealing device is thrown out of the vehicle, the water seal device has a particularly excellent effect in fitting the water seal device under the floor of the vehicle body.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the water sealing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water sealing device of FIG. 1 in a different mode.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of the water sealing device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional device.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional device of FIG. 4 in a different mode.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional device of FIG. 4 in still another mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Water tank 12 Water storage 13 Valve room 14, 15 opening 16 Inflow pipe 17 Top surface 18 Valve 19 Discharge pipe 20 Bottom

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Fujinami 2-1-1, Wadayama-dori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hyogo Factory (56) Reference Jikken 47-43071 (JP, Y1)

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A water sealing device for maintaining the airtightness of an airtight chamber by forming a water head in a water tank, comprising: a water tank; and an upright standing inside the water tank; In addition, a valve chamber in which the upper opening and the airtight chamber outside the water tank are connected to each other by an inflow pipe penetrating the top surface of the water tank, and the valve chamber is accommodated in the valve chamber so as to be able to move vertically in the valve chamber. A valve whose upper or lower opening of the valve chamber can be airtightly closed at each end position of the valve chamber and has a specific gravity of less than 1; and an upper opening in the water tank and an upper opening of the valve chamber. A water sealing device having an opening in the water tank at a position higher than the position of (1), and a lower end having a discharge pipe penetrating the bottom surface of the water tank and communicating with the outside of the water tank. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the horizontal plane at the upper end of the discharge pipe and the horizontal plane at the upper open end of the valve chamber has a depth equal to or greater than the internal volume of the valve chamber. Item 7. The water sealing device according to Item 1.