JPH0566536B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an improvement in a pressure measuring device for measuring wind pressure applied to a curved surface such as a sail surface of a sailing vessel and a flat surface.

[Technical background of the invention]

Sailing vessels (merchant vessels) are energy-saving vessels that have multiple sails installed on the vessel body, as shown in Figure 4, and use the wind pressure applied to these sails to propel the vessel.The sail angle is always constant depending on the wind direction. Propulsion is controlled by adjusting the angle. By the way, in order to perform propulsion control with high precision, it is necessary to maintain the sail angle at a constant value depending on the wind direction, and this sail angle is determined by measuring the wind pressure (gas pressure) at each part of the sail surface. Traditionally, this wind pressure measurement was carried out in a wind tunnel laboratory using artificial wind by creating a model sail, but there are differences between the laboratory and the actual natural lee, so now sails are installed on ships. Often done.

Therefore, conventionally, wind pressure has been measured using the following method.

(1) Method of attaching a pressure sensor This method is a method of attaching a pressure sensor directly to the point on the sail where you want to measure wind pressure (pressure). Since there are various types of pressure sensors that currently exist, there are two methods for this method: one is to form a hole perpendicular to the sail surface where the pressure sensor is to be measured and embed it, and the other is to embed the pressure sensor in a hole perpendicular to the sail surface where wind pressure is to be measured. It is classified into a method of pasting it on the surface. Here, in the method of embedding a pressure sensor, it is necessary to satisfy the following conditions. In other words, there should be no problem even if a hole is made in the sail surface to be measured.

The structure must be thick enough to hide the pressure sensor. Alternatively, even if the pressure sensor protrudes, the protrusion should not affect the pressure being measured, such as when trying to measure the pressure on the outer surface of a cylinder and the protrusion occurs on the inner surface of the cylinder.

It is.

On the other hand, in the method of attaching a pressure sensor, the following conditions must be met. That is, due to the model, protrusion from the sail surface occurs, but this protrusion must be small enough that it does not affect the wind pressure to be measured.

(2) Method of providing pressure holes In this method, a small hole, or pressure hole, is provided in the sail to be measured, and the wind pressure applied to this pressure hole is guided to the pressure sensor through a pressure tube to measure the wind pressure.

Generally, with this method, a pressure switch is used to select one of the pressure holes provided at multiple points and connect it to the pressure sensor, so one pressure sensor measures the wind pressure at multiple points. The advantage is that it can be done. Therefore, if a known reference pressure is included in one of the wind pressures at multiple points, it is easy to calibrate the measuring instrument at any time.

[Problems with background technology]

However, each of the above methods has the following problems in measuring the wind pressure on the sail surface. first,
In the method of embedding pressure sensors, the sails are owned by the customer and cannot be damaged in many cases, making it extremely difficult to create holes.

Since the sail surface is thin, providing holes poses a problem in terms of strength.

Furthermore, even if a hole is provided and a pressure sensor is embedded, the sail surface is thin and the pressure sensor protrudes from the hole, which may change the flow of wind (gas) on the sail surface.

There are other problems.

Next, in the method of attaching a pressure sensor, it is necessary to make the pressure sensor sufficiently small so as not to disturb the wind pressure on the sail surface, and to be able to measure minute pressures of about 0 to 50 mmH ₂ O with high precision. However, at present, such a pressure sensor does not exist.

In addition to the problems of the above-mentioned methods, the method of attaching the pressure sensor has the following problems. That is, since it takes a long time to measure the wind pressure at each location on the sail surface, a drift occurs in the measuring instrument system, which affects minute pressure measurements. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate the measuring instrument system by applying a known reference pressure to each pressure sensor at appropriate intervals. but,
In measuring the wind pressure on the sail surface, the measurement point is at a high place, and it is almost impossible to freely apply the reference pressure and the wind pressure to be measured to each pressure sensor without affecting each other.

Next, the method of providing pressure holes has the following problems. That is, since a pressure hole is provided and a pressure guiding tube is further connected, there is a problem in terms of the strength of the sail surface, and it is not suitable for practical use. Furthermore, since wind pressure measurements are carried out while sailing at sea, it is necessary to be able to accurately and stably measure wind pressure over a long period of time, even in rainy weather or sea breezes. However, in reality, rainwater may enter the pressure hole, or it may become clogged due to condensation.
Stable measurements were not possible due to blockages caused by salt particles.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was made based on the above circumstances, and
The purpose is to provide a pressure measuring device that can perform stable measurements even under adverse conditions without disturbing the direction of gas pressure.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention measures wind pressure by detecting pressure from a relatively thin pressure introduction body, which has a pressure introduction path having a pressure introduction hole and a drainage channel that drains the fluid flowing into the pressure introduction hole by allowing it to fall naturally. This is a pressure measuring device.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the pressure measuring device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the pressure measuring device. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a pressure introducing body, which is attached to a desired position of the sail shown in FIG. 4 where wind pressure measurement is to be performed. The specific structure will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b.
In addition, FIG. 2a is a front view, and FIG. 2b is a front view.
It is an A sectional view. This pressure introducing body 1 has a pressure receiving plate 6 fixed thereto on which a pressure introducing hole 4 and a drainage hole 5 are formed via a tapered intervening body 3 having a tapered shape on a circular substrate 2 for pasting. The tapered intervening body 3 is hollow and thin. Therefore, a space 7 is formed inside the pressure introducing body 4.

The pressure introduction hole 4 is formed approximately at the center of the pressure receiving plate 6, so that wind pressure is introduced to the pressure introduction path 8 through the space 7.

Further, the drain hole 5 is formed at a position opposite to the pressure introduction path 8 when viewed from the pressure introduction hole 4, that is, on the side in the self-fall direction of the fluid. Water is being drained from the water. Therefore, a drainage channel is formed by the space 7 and the drainage hole 5.

Further, the space 7 has a capacity such that even when the amount of rainfall is large and the amount of water intruding from the pressure introduction hole 4 becomes larger than the amount of water drainage from the drainage hole 5, the water inundation surface does not reach the pressure introduction tube 9 for a certain period of time. It is formed based on the diameter of the pressure introduction hole 4, the diameter of the drainage hole 5, the maximum permissible water infiltration amount, etc.

Note that the pressure introducing body 1 is a curved surface having various radii of curvature in the shape of a sail surface, so it is formed of a material with excellent flexibility.

Now, this pressure introduction body 1 is a pressure introduction tube 9.
It is connected to the pressure switch 10 via. Each pressure introduction body 1 attached to a desired wind pressure measurement position on the sail surface is connected to this pressure switching device 10 via pressure introduction tubes 11-1, 11-2, and 11-3, and calibration is performed. A reference pressure generation section 12 that generates a reference pressure for use is connected via a reference pressure tube 13, and a switching signal generation circuit 13
In response to a switching signal from the air pressure sensor 14, the pressure introduction body 1 is switched and the wind pressure is sent to the pressure sensor 14. Although the switching signal generating circuit 13 is designed to automatically generate the switching signal, it may be configured to generate the switching signal manually.

Next, the operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be explained.
First, the pressure introduction body 1 is attached to a desired location on the sail surface where wind pressure is to be measured. In this case, the pressure introducing body 1 is attached so that the drain hole 5 is located below. Therefore, when wind pressure is applied to each pressure introduction body 1, the pressure is transferred from the space 7 to the pressure introduction tube 9 and the pressure introduction tube 11-1, 11-.
2, 11-3 to the pressure switching device 10. In this pressure switching device 10, each pressure introducing body 1 is
The wind pressure from one of the pressure introducing bodies 1 is sent to the pressure sensor 14. As a result, the pressure sensor 14 determines the wind pressure applied to the sail surface.

Note that the above device also performs a calibration operation for the pressure sensor 14. That is, the switching signal generation circuit 13
The pressure switch 10 switches to the reference pressure from the reference pressure generator 12 and sends it to the pressure sensor 14 in response to a switching signal from the reference pressure generator 12 . Calibration is performed by adjusting whether the output signal of the pressure sensor 14 at this time is a predetermined value.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the pressure introduction body 1 in which the pressure introduction passage having the pressure introduction hole 4 and the drainage passage having the drainage hole 5 are formed is attached to the sail surface. In addition to being able to measure wind pressure without the need for a wind pressure inlet, the shape of the pressure introducing body 1 is thin and has a tapered periphery, so that even if wind pressure (airflow) is applied in any direction, there will be no turbulence in the wind pressure on the sail surface or turbulence in the airflow. It is possible to minimize wind pressure and accurately measure wind pressure.

Furthermore, since the drainage hole 5 is provided, even if rainwater or the like floods through the pressure introduction hole 4, the rainwater is immediately drained, allowing stable wind pressure measurement at all times. In particular, the drainage hole 5 is located on the same plane as the pressure introduction hole 4 so as not to affect the measurement of wind pressure in any direction, so there is no influence on the wind pressure measurement. Even if the amount of water entering from the pressure introduction hole 4 becomes larger than the amount of water discharged, wind pressure measurement will not become impossible unless this state continues for a certain period of time or more. Note that the effect will be further enhanced if a material that repels water is used. Furthermore, since the calibration operation can be performed at any time, high measurement accuracy can be maintained for a long time.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the above embodiment, the drainage hole 5 is provided on the same plane as the pressure introduction hole 4, but if the direction of the wind pressure is determined in advance, it will follow the natural falling direction of the fluid as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, for example. The drainage channel 20 may be formed in the ivy direction.

Furthermore, although the device of the present invention has been applied to measuring wind pressure on a sail surface, it can also be applied to measuring wind pressure on general structures, and can be used in rainy conditions without damaging general structures or disturbing wind pressure or airflow. Wind pressure can be measured accurately and stably.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a pressure measuring device that can perform stable measurements even under adverse conditions without disturbing the wind pressure direction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the pressure measuring device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 a and b are specific structural diagrams of the pressure introduction body of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 a and b are pressure introduction A structural diagram showing a modification of the body, and FIG. 4 is an external view of a sail of a sailing vessel. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Pressure introduction body, 2... Substrate, 3... Tapered interposition body, 4... Pressure introduction hole, 5... Drain hole, 6
. . . Pressure receiving plate, 7 . . . Space, 8 . ...Pressure sensor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pressure measuring device for measuring gas pressure applied to a desired position on a curved surface or a flat surface, which includes a pressure introduction path having a pressure introduction hole for the gas pressure and a drainage path for draining the fluid flowing into the pressure introduction hole by gravity. A relatively thin pressure introduction body formed and pasted at a desired position on the curved surface and the flat surface, and a pressure detection unit for measuring the gas pressure guided from the pressure introduction path of the pressure introduction body. A pressure measuring device featuring: