JPH05632A - Two wheel/four wheel changeover device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve production efficiency by making assembly identical regardless whether it is the assembly of a differential equipped with a two wheel/four wheel changeover device or it is the assembly of a differential not equipped with the device. CONSTITUTION:In the case of a two wheel/four wheel changeover device which is provided with an intermittent mechanism that carries out the intermittence of drive force and also with a changeover mechanism 42 that makes the changeover of the intermittent mechanism, between an engine and either one of the front and rear differentials of a four wheel drive vehicle for transmitting engine drive force to the front axle and the rear axle through respective front and rear differentials, the changeover mechanism 42 is provided in form of assembly in the differential carrier 4 of either one of the front and rear differentials. And a changeover fork 44 is provided swingably in the assembly direction of a differential case to be assembled to the differential carrier 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, and more particularly, an interrupting mechanism for interrupting a driving force between one of a front differential and a rear differential of a four-wheel drive vehicle and an internal combustion engine. The present invention relates to a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device which is provided with a switching mechanism for switching the intermittent state of the intermittent mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vehicles such as automobiles include four-wheel drive vehicles in which all wheels are driven by the driving force of an internal combustion engine. A four-wheel drive vehicle transmits the driving force of an internal combustion engine to a front axle and a rear axle via a front differential and a rear differential, respectively, to drive all wheels. The four-wheel drive vehicle has two wheels to which the driving force of the internal combustion engine is transmitted.
There is one provided with a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device for switching between four wheels and four wheels.

As such a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device,
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-2096. The one disclosed in this publication is provided with a transfer clutch for connecting and disconnecting the driving force between one of the front differential and the rear differential of a four-wheel drive vehicle and the internal combustion engine, and is linked with the stop of the internal combustion engine. By providing interlocking means for connecting the transfer clutch, it is possible to prevent the inconvenience of being unable to switch to four-wheel drive due to freezing of the actuator after the operation of the internal combustion engine is stopped in a cold region.

By the way, there is a conventional two-wheel / four-wheel switching device shown in FIGS. This two-wheel / four-wheel switching device is provided in, for example, the front differential 102 of a four-wheel drive vehicle (not shown) that transmits the driving force of the internal combustion engine to the front axle and the rear axle via the front differential and the rear differential, respectively. Has been. The front differential 102 has a front differential carrier 104 and a front differential cover 106 attached to the front differential carrier 104. The front differential carrier 104 includes a front drive shaft 1 that is in communication with a propulsion shaft (not shown).
08 is pivotally supported by the front drive bearing 110. A front final drive gear 112 is attached to the front drive shaft 108. The front final drive gear 112 includes the front final driven gear 11
4 is meshed.

The front final driven gear 114 is attached to the front differential case 116. The front differential case 116 includes an inner differential case 118 and an outer differential case 120. The inner differential case 118 includes a front differential pinion gear pivotally supported by a pinion shaft (not shown) and a front differential side gear that meshes with the front differential pinion gear, and is rotatably supported in the outer differential case 120. ing. The front differential side gears are respectively composed of left and right front differential first and second side gears (not shown), and left and right front first and second axles 122-
It has been contacted on January 122-2. The outer differential case 120 is pivotally supported on the front differential carrier 104 by left and right front differential first and second bearings (not shown), and the front final driven gear 114 is attached to the outer differential case 120.

The front differential 102 includes:
An interrupting mechanism 124 for interrupting the driving force is provided between the engine and an internal combustion engine (not shown). The intermittence mechanism 124 includes the inner engagement portion 1 provided in the inner differential case 118.
26, an outer engagement portion 128 provided on the outer differential case 120, and an outer engagement portion 128 movably engaged with the outer engagement portion 128 in the direction of the rotation axis of the front differential case 116, and the inner engagement portion 126 and And a switching sleeve 130 that engages / disengages the outer engagement portion 128. The switching sleeve 130 has a sleeve groove 13
Two are provided.

The connection / disconnection mechanism 126 can be switched between the connection / disconnection state by the switching mechanism 134. The switching mechanism 134 is provided on the front differential cover 106. The switching mechanism 134 supports, for example, a switching fork 136 slidably engaged with the sleeve groove 132 of the switching sleeve 130 and the switching fork 136 so as to be movable in the rotation axis direction of the front differential case 116. Supporting shaft 138, a switching arm 140 for moving the switching fork 136 supported by the supporting shaft 138 to perform a switching operation, a rotatable switching shaft 142 having the switching arm 140 at an inner end thereof, and the switching. The switching lever 144 provided at the outer end of the shaft 142 and the switching lever 14
4 and an actuator 146 for swinging. Reference numeral 148 is a mounting bolt that allows the switching shaft 142 to rotate but cannot move in the axial direction. Further, reference numeral 150 is an operating rod.

In the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, the actuator 146 of the switching mechanism 134 is actuated and the actuating rod 150 is used to actuate the switching lever 144, the switching shaft 142, and the switching arm 14.
0, the switching fork 136 is moved in the direction of the rotation axis of the front differential case 116, and the switching sleeve 130 of the interrupting mechanism 124 engaged with the switching fork 136 is moved in the direction of the rotation axis of the front differential case 116. Then, the inner engagement portion 126 and the outer engagement portion 128 are engaged / disengaged via the switching sleeve 130.

As a result, in the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, when the inner engagement portion 126 and the outer engagement portion 128 are engaged via the switching sleeve 130, the driving force of the internal combustion engine is connected and the front portion of the front portion is connected. Transmission to the first and second axles 122-1 and 122-2,
Switch to 4-wheel drive. When the inner engagement portion 126 and the outer engagement portion 128 are disengaged by the switching sleeve 130, the driving force of the internal combustion engine is cut off and the front axle 122-1.
Instead of transmitting to 122-2, it switches to two-wheel drive.

[0010]

In the conventional two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, when the front differential 102 is assembled, the front differential case 116 is assembled to the front differential carrier 104 and the front differential case 116 is assembled. The switching shaft 142 of the switching mechanism 134 is assembled to the partial differential cover 106, and the front differential cover 10 is attached to the front differential carrier 104.
After assembling 6, the front differential cover 10
6, the actuator 146 of the switching mechanism 134 is assembled.

However, a four-wheel drive vehicle is equipped with a differential that is equipped with a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, and is equipped with a differential that is not equipped with a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device. There is. For this reason,
There is a disadvantage that production efficiency cannot be improved due to a difference between the man-hours for assembling a differential equipped with a four-wheel switching device and the man-hours for a differential without a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device. It was

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to eliminate such inconvenience, the present invention relates to a four-wheel drive system in which the driving force of an internal combustion engine is transmitted to a front axle and a rear axle via a front differential and a rear differential, respectively. Two-wheel / four-wheel switching provided with an interrupting mechanism for interrupting the driving force between one of the front differential and the rear differential of the vehicle and the internal combustion engine and a switching mechanism for switching the interrupted state of the interrupting mechanism. In the device, the switching mechanism is provided by assembling the differential carrier of either one of the front differential and the rear differential, and the switching fork of this switching mechanism is installed with respect to the assembling direction of the differential case that is assembled to the differential carrier. It is characterized by being provided so as to be swingable.

[0013]

According to the structure of the present invention, a switching mechanism for switching the connection / disconnection state of the discontinuing mechanism is provided on one of the differential carrier of the front differential and the rear differential, and the switching fork of the switching mechanism is provided to the differential carrier. Since the differential case to be assembled in the above is swingably provided in the assembling direction, the entire switching mechanism can be assembled in the differential carrier. That is, it is possible to assemble all the switching mechanisms in the differential carrier assembling step prior to the differential assembly. Therefore, the operation of the switching mechanism can be checked in the assembling process of the differential carrier.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention. The two-wheel / four-wheel switching device of the present invention transmits the driving force of the internal combustion engine to the front axle and the rear axle via the front differential and the rear differential, respectively. It is provided in.

In the front differential 2 having the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, a front differential carrier 6 is attached to a front differential carrier 4.
A front drive shaft 8 connected to a propulsion shaft (not shown) is pivotally supported on the front differential carrier 4 by a front drive bearing 10. A front final drive gear 12 is attached to the front drive shaft 8. A front final driven gear 14 is meshed with the front final drive gear 12.

The front final driven gear 14 is attached to the front differential case 16. The front differential case 16 includes an inner differential case 18 and an outer differential case 20. Inner differential case 18
Includes a front differential pinion gear 24 that is pivotally supported by the pinion shaft 22 and a front differential side gear 26 that meshes with the front differential pinion gear 24, and is rotatably supported in the outer differential case 20. .. The front differential side gears 26 include left and right front differential first and second side differential gears 26-1 and 26, respectively.
-2, each of the left and right front first and second axles 28-1
・ Called 28-2. Further, the outer differential case 20 is provided on the front differential carrier 4 on the left and right front differentials 1 and 2, respectively.
The front final driven gear 14 is attached by being axially supported by the second bearings 30-1 and 30-2.

The front differential 2 has an interrupting mechanism 32 for interrupting driving force with an internal combustion engine (not shown).
Is provided. The intermittent mechanism 32 is movable in the rotation axis direction of the front differential case 16 and the inner engagement portion 34 provided in the inner differential case 18, the outer engagement portion 36 provided in the outer differential case 20. A switching sleeve 38 which is engaged to engage / disengage the inner engaging portion 34 and the outer engaging portion 36;
Composed of. The switching groove 38 has a sleeve groove 4
0 is provided.

The intermittent mechanism 32 can be switched between the intermittent state by the switching mechanism 42. The switching mechanism 42 is provided on the front differential carrier 4. The switching mechanism 42 is, for example, the sleeve groove 4 of the switching sleeve 38.
Switching fork 44 slidably engaged with 0, a support shaft 46 movably supporting the switching fork 44 in the rotational axis direction of the front differential case 16, and the support shaft 46 supported by the support shaft 46. A switching arm 48 for moving the switching fork 44 to perform a switching operation, a rotatable switching shaft 50 having the switching arm 48 at the inner end, a switching lever 52 provided at the outer end of the switching shaft 50, An actuator 54 that swings the switching lever 52.

The support shaft 46 is fitted into the support shaft hole 56 of the front differential carrier 4, and the fixing bolt 5
It is fixed by 8. The switching fork 44 is mounted in the mounting direction of the front differential case 16 mounted in the front differential carrier 4 (direction of arrow A).
The support shaft 46 is swingably mounted on the support shaft 46. Further, the switching shaft 50 is rotatably inserted into the switching shaft hole 60 of the front differential carrier 4, and is provided so as to be rotatable by a mounting bolt 62 and immovable in the axial direction. The switching lever 52 is connected to an operating rod 66 of the actuator 54 by a pin 64. In addition,
Reference numeral 68 is an assembly bolt of the actuator 54.

Next, the operation will be described.

In the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, the actuator 54 of the switching mechanism 42 is actuated, and the switching fork 44 of the front differential case 16 is moved by the operating rod 66 via the switching lever 52, the switching shaft 50, and the switching arm 48. The switching sleeve 38 of the connecting / disconnecting mechanism 32 engaged with the switching fork 44 is moved in the rotation axis direction of the front differential case 16, and the inner engagement portion 34 is moved through the switching sleeve 38. And the outer engaging portion 3
Engage and disengage 6.

As a result, in the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, the inner engagement portion 34 and the outer engagement portion 3 are connected via the switching sleeve 38.
When 6 is engaged, the driving force of the internal combustion engine is connected and transmitted to the front first and second axles 28-1 and 28-2 to switch to four-wheel drive. Further, the switching sleeve 38 allows the inner engagement portion 3
When 4 and the outer engagement portion 36 are disengaged, the driving force of the internal combustion engine is cut off and is not transmitted to the front first and second axles 28-1 and 28-2, but switched to two-wheel drive.

This two-wheel / four-wheel switching device is, as described above,
A switching mechanism 42 for switching the intermittent state of the intermittent mechanism 32 is provided by being assembled to the front differential carrier 4, and a switching fork 44 of this switching mechanism 42 is assembled to the front differential case 16 that is assembled to the front differential carrier 4. It is provided on the support shaft 46 so as to be swingable in the direction (direction of arrow A).

When assembling the front differential 2, the switching fork 44, the support shaft 46, the switching arm 48 and the switching shaft 5 of the switching mechanism 42 are mounted on the front differential carrier 4 prior to the mounting of the front differential 2.
0, the switching lever 52, and the actuator 54 are assembled. Therefore, all the switching mechanisms 42 are assembled to the front differential carrier 4.

Next, the front differential carrier 4
Attach the front differential case 16 to the. At this time, since the switching fork 44 is swingably provided in the support shaft 46 in the assembling direction of the front differential case 16 (direction of arrow A), it is rotated to the position shown by the broken line in FIG. Incidentally, the switching sleeve 3 of the intermittent mechanism 32, which is assembled in advance in the front differential case 16,
This switching fork 44 in the sleeve groove 40 of FIG.
And the front differential case 16 is moved in the assembling direction (arrow A direction). By this move,
The front final driven gear meshes with the front final drive gear, and at the same time, the switching fork 44 rotates to the position shown by the solid line in FIG.
Engage 0. Then, the front differential cover 6 is attached to the front differential carrier 4.

Thus, prior to the assembling of the front differential 2, the front differential carrier 4
It is possible to assemble all of the switching mechanisms 42 in the assembly step of. Therefore, in the assembling process of the front differential carrier 4, the operation of the switching mechanism 42 can be checked. Therefore, in the assembling process of the front differential 2, assembling of the front differential 2 having a specification including a two-wheel / four-wheel switching device,
Regardless of assembling the front differential 2 that is not equipped with the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, the same man-hours for assembling the front differential cover 6 to the front differential carrier 4 can be used. As a result, the production efficiency of the four-wheel drive vehicle can be improved. Further, since the operation of the switching mechanism 42 can be checked in the process of assembling the front differential carrier 4, it is not necessary to check the operation of the switching mechanism 42 in the process of assembling the front differential 2, and the production efficiency can be further improved. Can contribute to the improvement of

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to assemble all the switching mechanisms in the process of assembling the differential carrier before assembling the differential. Therefore, the operation of the switching mechanism can be checked in the process of assembling the differential carrier.

Therefore, in the differential assembling process, regardless of whether the differential is equipped with the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device or the differential is not equipped with the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device. The same man-hours for assembling the differential cover to the differential carrier can be used, and the production efficiency can be improved. Further, since the operation of the switching mechanism can be checked in the differential carrier assembling step, it is not necessary to check the operation of the switching mechanism in the differential assembling step, which can contribute to further improvement in production efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a differential showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged assembly explanatory diagram of a switching mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a differential.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a differential.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a differential showing a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway front view of a differential showing a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a differential showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 front differential 4 front differential carrier 6 front differential cover 12 front final drive gear 14 front final driven gear 16 front differential case 18 inner differential case 20 outer differential case 24 front differential pinion gear 26-1, 26-2 Front differential First / second side gear 28-1, 28-2 Front first / second axle 32 Intermittent mechanism 34 Inner engaging portion 36 Outer engaging portion 38 Switching sleeve 40 Sleeve groove 42 Switching mechanism 44 Switching fork 46 Support shaft 48 Switching arm 50 Switching shaft 52 Switching lever 54 Actuator

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 14, 1991

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 1]

[Fig. 2]

[Figure 3]

[Figure 4]

[Figure 5]

[Figure 6]

[Figure 7]

Claims (1)

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A front differential and a rear differential of a four-wheel drive vehicle for transmitting the driving force of an internal combustion engine to a front axle and a rear axle via a front differential and a rear differential, respectively. In the two-wheel / four-wheel switching device, which is provided with a switching mechanism for switching driving force between one of them and the internal combustion engine, and a switching mechanism for switching the switching state of the switching mechanism, a front differential and a rear differential are provided. One of the differential carriers is provided with the switching mechanism assembled, and a switching fork of the switching mechanism is provided so as to be swingable with respect to an assembling direction of a differential case assembled to the differential carrier. Two-wheel / four-wheel switching device.