JPH0561019B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0561019B2 JPH0561019B2 JP14087685A JP14087685A JPH0561019B2 JP H0561019 B2 JPH0561019 B2 JP H0561019B2 JP 14087685 A JP14087685 A JP 14087685A JP 14087685 A JP14087685 A JP 14087685A JP H0561019 B2 JPH0561019 B2 JP H0561019B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- sand
- casting
- molten metal
- sand mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- WMVRXDZNYVJBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiron Chemical compound O=[Fe]=O WMVRXDZNYVJBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は製品キヤビテイを郭定する鋳型の少な
くとも一部に砂型を用いる場合の鋳造方法に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a casting method when a sand mold is used for at least a portion of a mold for defining a product cavity.
鋳造は鋳型の製品キヤビテイ内に溶湯を注ぐこ
とによつて行われる。この製品キヤビテイを郭定
する鋳型は、その構造材料の違いから金型と砂型
に区別される。通常、鋳型は鋳造する製品（鋳
物）の形状、大きさ、材質、量産性等を考慮して
金型か砂型かが決定されるが、製品に空洞部が存
在する場合には砂中子が使用されることが多く、
この場合は砂型と金型が併用されることも多い。
Casting is performed by pouring molten metal into the product cavity of a mold. The molds that define the product cavity are classified into metal molds and sand molds based on the difference in their structural materials. Usually, a mold or a sand mold is decided based on the shape, size, material, mass productivity, etc. of the product to be cast (casting), but if the product has a cavity, a sand core is used. Often used,
In this case, sand molds and metal molds are often used together.
ところで、鋳造作業においては、鋳型の製品キ
ヤビテイ内に溶湯が十分回つた後は、例えば指向
性凝固が図れるように溶湯の冷却速度を制御する
ことが望ましいとされている。鋳型として金型を
用いる場合には、金型内に冷却パイプや冷却通路
を設け、そこに冷却媒体を通したり、外部から圧
縮エアや水等の冷却媒体を吹き付ける等の方法で
比較的容易に金型の温度を制御することができ
る。 By the way, in casting operations, it is considered desirable to control the cooling rate of the molten metal so that, for example, directional solidification can be achieved after the molten metal has sufficiently circulated within the product cavity of the mold. When using a mold as a casting mold, cooling can be achieved relatively easily by providing cooling pipes or cooling passages within the mold and passing a cooling medium through them, or by blowing a cooling medium such as compressed air or water from the outside. The temperature of the mold can be controlled.
しかしながら、鋳型として少なくとも一部に砂
型を用いる場合には、この砂型を冷却することは
通常は困難であつた。即ち、金型の場合のように
砂型内に冷却パイプを通したり、冷却通路を形成
することが困難なだけでなく、例え冷却パイプを
通しても、砂型を構成している成分、主に珪砂は
セラミツクスの一種であつて断熱効果が大きいた
め、効率よく溶湯を冷却することができない。な
んら冷却を行わない場合には、上記したように砂
型自体の断熱効果の影響で砂型に接している溶湯
の凝固が遅れがちになり、その結果として引け巣
やピンホール等の鋳造欠陥が金型の場合より発生
し易く、また鋳物強度的にも弱くなるという問題
がある。
However, when a sand mold is used at least in part as a casting mold, it is usually difficult to cool the sand mold. In other words, it is not only difficult to pass a cooling pipe or form a cooling passage inside the sand mold as in the case of molds, but even if a cooling pipe is inserted, the components that make up the sand mold, mainly silica sand, are not made of ceramics. It is a type of molten metal and has a large heat insulating effect, so it cannot efficiently cool the molten metal. If no cooling is performed, the solidification of the molten metal in contact with the sand mold tends to be delayed due to the insulating effect of the sand mold itself, as described above, and as a result, casting defects such as shrinkage cavities and pinholes can occur in the mold. This problem occurs more easily than in the case of , and the strength of the casting is also weakened.
このため、少なくとも一部に砂型を有する鋳型
を用いて鋳造を行う場合も、十分な冷却速度を得
ることにより鋳物品質の向上を図ることが望まれ
ていた。 Therefore, even when casting is performed using a mold having at least a portion of a sand mold, it has been desired to improve the quality of the casting by obtaining a sufficient cooling rate.
上記問題は、次に述べる本発明の砂型を用いる
鋳造方法によつて解決される。
The above problem is solved by the casting method using a sand mold of the present invention, which will be described below.
即ち、本発明の砂型を用いる鋳造方法は、鋳型
の製品キヤビテイへの注湯作業と相前後して、少
なくとも溶湯が凝固するまで砂型内へ冷却ガスを
送給し続けることを特徴としている。 That is, the casting method using a sand mold according to the present invention is characterized in that cooling gas is continuously supplied into the sand mold at least until the molten metal solidifies, before and after pouring the metal into the product cavity of the mold.
本発明は、砂型が主に珪砂で構成されており、
通気性が大きいことに着目し、この砂型に冷却媒
体を送給することにより溶湯との間で熱交換を行
わせるものである。 In the present invention, the sand mold is mainly composed of silica sand,
Taking note of its high air permeability, heat exchange with the molten metal is performed by feeding a cooling medium to this sand mold.
本発明において、砂型への冷却媒体の送給は、
一方から他方に向けて加圧ガスを供給してもよ
く、また真空ポンプ等を用いて吸引してもよく、
更には両方を併用してもよい。 In the present invention, the cooling medium is supplied to the sand mold by
Pressurized gas may be supplied from one side to the other, or may be sucked using a vacuum pump etc.
Furthermore, both may be used together.
この冷却媒体としては、エアや窒素ガス等を用
いることができる。 As this cooling medium, air, nitrogen gas, etc. can be used.
本発明の砂型を用いる鋳造方法は、砂型に冷却
媒体を送給するので、製品キヤビテイ面でこの冷
却媒体により溶湯の熱が奪われる。この結果、冷
却媒体が送給される砂型の製品キヤビテイ面を中
心として鋳物の凝固が促進される。
In the casting method using a sand mold according to the present invention, a cooling medium is fed to the sand mold, so that the heat of the molten metal is removed by the cooling medium at the product cavity surface. As a result, solidification of the casting is promoted mainly on the product cavity surface of the sand mold to which the cooling medium is fed.
次に、本発明の実施例を図面を参考にして説明
する。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
この実施例は、本発明をシリンダヘツドの鋳造
に適用した例を示す。 This embodiment shows an example in which the present invention is applied to the casting of a cylinder head.
ここで、第１は本発明の実施例に係る砂型を用
いる鋳造方法の一工程を示す断面図、第２図は第
１図のＡ部拡大断面図である。 1 is a sectional view showing one step of a casting method using a sand mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of section A in FIG. 1.
第１図において、１はシリンダヘツドの外形を
形成する金型であり、実際は複数に分割されてい
る。この金型１の内部には、シリンダヘツドの吸
気ポートや排気ポート更にはウオータジヤケツト
を形成するための複数の砂型としての砂中子２が
配設されている。この金型１と砂中子２により、
シリンダヘツド形状をした製品キヤビテイ３が郭
定される。なお、砂中子２の表面には、黒鉛、二
酸化鉄等の基材を水ガラスやリン酸等のバインダ
ーで練つた塗型材４（第２図参照）が塗布されて
いる。 In FIG. 1, numeral 1 denotes a mold for forming the outer shape of the cylinder head, which is actually divided into a plurality of parts. Inside the mold 1, a plurality of sand cores 2 are disposed as sand molds for forming the intake port and exhaust port of the cylinder head, as well as a water jacket. With this mold 1 and sand core 2,
A product cavity 3 in the form of a cylinder head is defined. The surface of the sand core 2 is coated with a coating material 4 (see FIG. 2) made of a base material such as graphite or iron dioxide mixed with a binder such as water glass or phosphoric acid.
そして、吸気ポート用砂中子２の吸気ポート側
端面には、この端面を覆う形に導管５が接続され
ており、この導管５はバルブ６を介して真空ポン
プ７と接続されている。 A conduit 5 is connected to the end face of the intake port side of the sand core 2 on the intake port side so as to cover this end face, and this conduit 5 is connected to a vacuum pump 7 via a valve 6.
次に、本実施例の鋳造方法を説明する。 Next, the casting method of this example will be explained.
まず、図示しない注湯口からシリンダヘツドの
材料となる合金溶湯を製品キヤビテイ３内に注湯
する。溶湯が製品キヤビテイ３内にほぼ充填され
た時点で、バルブ６を開き真空ポンプ７を作動さ
せる。すると、砂中子２内が減圧、吸引され、第
１図に矢印で示すように、大気中の空気が砂中子
２内を通り導管５を経由して真空ポンプ７側に引
かれる。このとき、第２図に示すように、砂中子
２は主に砂粒子（通常は珪砂）８で構成されてい
るため、砂粒子８間には隙間があり、空気はこの
隙間を通つて容易に流れることができる。溶湯が
凝固した後、真空ポンプ７の作動を止め、金型１
からシリンダヘツド形状の鋳物９を取り出した。
この鋳物９から砂中子２を除去し、湯道、堰等を
除去して製品とした。 First, a molten alloy to be the material for the cylinder head is poured into the product cavity 3 from a pouring port (not shown). When the product cavity 3 is almost filled with the molten metal, the valve 6 is opened and the vacuum pump 7 is activated. Then, the pressure inside the sand core 2 is reduced and suctioned, and air in the atmosphere is drawn through the sand core 2 and through the conduit 5 toward the vacuum pump 7, as shown by the arrow in FIG. At this time, as shown in Fig. 2, since the sand core 2 is mainly composed of sand particles (usually silica sand) 8, there are gaps between the sand particles 8, and air can pass through these gaps. Can flow easily. After the molten metal solidifies, the operation of the vacuum pump 7 is stopped and the mold 1 is removed.
A cylinder head-shaped casting 9 was taken out.
The sand core 2 was removed from this casting 9, and the runners, weirs, etc. were removed to obtain a product.
この鋳物９を切断して内部を調べたところ、特
に引け巣やピンホール等の鋳造欠陥はなく、また
砂中子２に接していた部分の金属組織は微細化し
て強固なものになつていた。 When we cut this casting 9 and examined the inside, we found that there were no casting defects such as shrinkage cavities or pinholes, and that the metal structure in the part that was in contact with the sand core 2 had become fine and strong. .
なお、本実施例では吸引することにより砂中子
２内に空気を送給したが、砂中子２の表面には塗
型材４が塗布されているため、溶湯が砂中子２内
に支障が生じる程差し込むことはなかつた。 Note that in this example, air was fed into the sand core 2 by suction, but since the surface of the sand core 2 is coated with the coating material 4, the molten metal does not interfere with the inside of the sand core 2. I didn't insert it enough to cause a problem.
以上、本発明の特定の実施例について説明した
が、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではな
く、特許請求の範囲内において種々の実施態様を
包含するものである。 Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but includes various embodiments within the scope of the claims.
例えば、実施例では吸引することにより砂中子
内に空気を送給したが、逆に加圧ガスを砂中子内
に送給してもよく、また砂中子内の冷却媒体の流
通速度を速めたい場合には、両者を併用してもよ
い。 For example, in the embodiment, air was fed into the sand core by suction, but it is also possible to feed pressurized gas into the sand core, and the flow rate of the cooling medium inside the sand core is If you want to speed up the process, you can use both together.
また、実施例では冷却媒体として空気を用いた
が、他の冷却媒体、例えば窒素ガス等を用いても
よい。 Further, although air is used as the cooling medium in the embodiment, other cooling medium, such as nitrogen gas, may be used.
以上より、本発明の砂型を用いる鋳造方法によ
れば、従来遅れがちであつた砂型と接している部
分の溶湯の凝固が促進されるので、鋳物の結晶組
織の微細化に伴い強度が向上すると共に、引け
巣、ピンホール等の鋳造欠陥が大幅に低減し、鋳
物品質の向上が図れる。
From the above, according to the casting method using the sand mold of the present invention, the solidification of the molten metal in the area in contact with the sand mold, which tends to be delayed in the past, is promoted, so the strength of the casting is improved as the crystal structure of the casting becomes finer. At the same time, casting defects such as shrinkage cavities and pinholes are significantly reduced, and the quality of castings can be improved.
第１図は本発明の実施例に係る砂型を用いる鋳
造方法の一工程を示す断面図、第２図は第１図の
Ａ部拡大断面図である。
１……金型、２……砂中子（砂型）、３……製
品キヤビテイ、４……塗型材、５……導管、６…
…バルブ、７……真空ポンプ、８……砂粒子、９
……鋳物。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one step of a casting method using a sand mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of section A in FIG. 1. 1... Mold, 2... Sand core (sand mold), 3... Product cavity, 4... Coating mold material, 5... Conduit, 6...
...Valve, 7...Vacuum pump, 8...Sand particles, 9
……casting.
Claims (1)
一部に砂型を用いる鋳造方法であつて、 鋳型の製品キヤビテイへの注湯作業と相前後し
て、少なくとも溶湯が凝固するまで砂型内へ冷却
ガスを送給し続けることを特徴とする砂型を用い
る鋳造方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A casting method that uses a sand mold for at least a part of a mold that defines a product cavity, the sand mold being used at least until the molten metal solidifies before and after pouring metal into the product cavity of the mold. A casting method using a sand mold characterized by the continuous supply of cooling gas into the mold.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14087685A JPS61296938A (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Casting method using sand mold |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14087685A JPS61296938A (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Casting method using sand mold |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61296938A JPS61296938A (en) | 1986-12-27 |
| JPH0561019B2 true JPH0561019B2 (en) | 1993-09-03 |
Family
ID=15278813
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14087685A Granted JPS61296938A (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Casting method using sand mold |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61296938A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2742544C1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-02-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Method of producing high quality castings from grey cast iron |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3903310C2 (en) * | 1989-02-04 | 1992-10-22 | Mahle Gmbh | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MOLDED PART FROM IN PARTICULAR TO BE PROVIDED WITH A POROUS NIGHT-DUTY, IN PARTICULAR ALUMINUM. |
| JP2914991B2 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1999-07-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing hollow casting |
| CN102962435A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-13 | 苏州明志科技有限公司 | Method and device for controlling cooling speed of core assembly casting |
| CN103231022B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | A kind of pump body cast precoated sand core core assembly structure |
| CN105382200A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-09 | 安徽省巢湖铸造厂有限责任公司 | Method for producing pre-embedded iron bases of fasteners for freight heavy-haul railways |
| CN106141090A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 侯马市晋烽机械铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting technique of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting sensor gear |
-
1985
- 1985-06-27 JP JP14087685A patent/JPS61296938A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2742544C1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-02-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Method of producing high quality castings from grey cast iron |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61296938A (en) | 1986-12-27 |
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