JPH0560310A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a combustion device wherein energy-saving is achieved, reduction in NOx is realized, and safety characteristics are enhanced. CONSTITUTION:A solid electrolytic type fuel cell 12 consisting of a base tube 20 made of a porous ceramic material, a zirconia film 22 and electrodes 21, 23 is provided around a combustion space 13 so as to separate gas of gasified fuel from the external air, whereby the density of NOx in exhaust gas is reduced and electric power is recovered by generating power to supplement electric power required for gasification and a blower. Further, by monitoring the quantity of power generation, a combustion condition can be supervised and the safety characteristics of a combustion device can be enhanced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion device, which is intended to save energy and improve safety.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG.
It is a block diagram of the typical conventional combustion apparatus shown by the publication. In the figure, 1 is a vaporization tube having a built-in heater, 2 is an electromagnetic valve, 3 is a burner head, and 4 is a throat portion for sucking combustion air by an ejector effect. Reference numeral 5 is a discharge lamp, 6 is a kerosene supply pipe supplied via a pump 7, and 8 is a kerosene tank.

Next, the operation will be described. When the vaporization tube 1 is heated to a predetermined temperature by a heater (not shown),
Kerosene is supplied from the kerosene tank 8 to the vaporization pipe 1 via the pump 7 and the supply pipe 6, and is vaporized on the high temperature wall. When the vaporizer outlet is opened by the solenoid valve 2, high-pressure kerosene vapor is ejected, and the ejector effect causes the vapor and combustion air to be sucked into the throat portion 4. Discharge plug 5 on burner head 3
When it is ignited by, it ignites and a Bunsen flame is formed.
The presence or absence of flame is detected by a thermocouple or an ion current detection rod (not shown). Usually, the vaporization tube is 250-350
The heater power is controlled to be turned on and off so as to maintain the temperature of ° C.

[0004]

Since the conventional combustion device is constructed as described above, the heater is always turned on and off.
F control was required, and electric input was required. Further, since the burner 3 is often formed in a slit shape and the Bunsen flame and the external air are well mixed, carbon monoxide CO
However, there is a drawback that the emission concentration of nitrogen oxide NO _x becomes high.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a combustion device which can realize low NO _x and can save energy by utilizing power generation by combustion gas. ..

[0006]

In the combustion apparatus of the present invention, a solid oxide fuel cell composed of porous ceramics, a zirconia film, and an electrode is provided around the combustion space so as to separate gas or vaporized fuel and external air. is there.

[0007]

The solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is provided so as to separate the gas or vaporized fuel from the outside air, and CO or hydrogen H ₂ in the fuel and oxygen O ₂ in the air are used to generate electricity to generate electric power. Is used, for example, for heating the vaporization tube and other electric loads (for example, blower and control circuit). Further, the gas in the combustion space is cooled by heating the fuel cell, and the temperature of the secondary flame is lowered, so that two-stage combustion is realized and NO _{x in} the exhaust gas is reduced. Furthermore, the combustion state can be monitored by monitoring the amount of power generation, which improves safety.

[0008]

【Example】

Example 1. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a burner 3 portion of a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 and the primary flame 10 and the secondary flame 11 are formed separately. A space 13 between the primary flame 10 and the secondary flame 11 is filled with a high temperature combustion gas containing CO and H ₂ as main components,
The fuel cell 12 is provided at a position where it is heated to 900 to 1000 ° C. Reference numeral 14 is an electrode for extracting electric power, and a load L is connected between the electrode 14 for extracting electric power and the burner side ground. FIG. 2 shows an enlarged sectional view of the fuel cell 12. Reference numeral 20 denotes a base tube, which is made of porous alumina or zirconia. Reference numerals 21 and 23 denote electrodes on the fuel side and the air side, respectively, both of which are made porous, and the fuel side electrode 21 is grounded on the burner side. Numeral 22 is a zirconia thin film stabilized by calcia or yttria, and oxygen ions O ²⁻ can move though it is dense.

Next, the operation will be described. The operation until ignition is the same as in the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, but when the primary flame 10 is formed, the fuel cell 12 is heated. Oxygen O ₂ diffuses in the porous electrode 23 in contact with the external air, and is ionized at the three-phase interface with zirconia to generate O ²⁻ . O ²⁻ diffuses in the zirconia 22, reacts with CO and H ₂ diffused in the combustion space 13 at the fuel side electrode 21 to form CO ₂ and H ₂ O, and supplies electrons to the burner side. This is the principle of fuel cell power generation, and the electricity generated here is used to heat the vaporization tube 1. 20 ^{m m}
A battery of × 150 ^mm can generate about 50 W, and two batteries can supply the power required for vaporization.

The gas in the combustion space 13 is cooled by heating the battery 12 and the temperature of the secondary flame is lowered, so that two-stage combustion is realized and NO _{x in} the exhaust gas is lowered. Can also be demonstrated.

Further, the output of the fuel cell 12 can be used as a flame detecting sensor. That is, when the flame disappears for some reason, and when the primary air amount decreases and the primary flame 10 cannot be formed stably, CO and H ₂ are not supplied to the fuel side electrode 21 and the temperature of the fuel cell 12 increases. It will not be able to generate electricity due to the decrease. On the contrary, the amount of primary air increases or the amount of combustion decreases abnormally,
When the secondary flame 11 enters the inside of the fuel cell 12, the fuel-side electrode 21 also becomes an oxidizing atmosphere, power generation cannot be performed, and abnormal combustion can be detected to stop the operation.

[0012]

As described above, the combustion apparatus of the present invention is
Since a solid oxide fuel cell consisting of porous ceramics, a zirconia film, and an electrode is provided around the combustion space so as to separate the gas or vaporized fuel from the external air, power can be recovered by power generation to save energy, and low NO _x There is an effect that can be realized. Furthermore, the combustion state can be monitored by monitoring the amount of power generation, which improves safety.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a burner portion of a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a fuel cell according to the combustion device of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional combustion device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Burner 12 Fuel cell 13 Combustion space

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A solid electrolyte fuel comprising a gas or vaporized fuel supply means and a combustion space in which the fuel and air are taken in and burned, in the periphery of the combustion space, porous ceramics, a zirconia film, and electrodes. A combustion device, wherein a battery is provided so as to separate the fuel from the outside air.