JPH0559229U - Surveying instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] An object of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument having a rotating shaft that reduces the weight of the surveying instrument and prevents galling of the rotating portion. In a bearing portion 16 that supports the horizontal shaft 12 of the telescope barrel 11 of the surveying instrument S, the horizontal shaft 12 is formed by using aluminum as a base material, and a copper-based or a copper-based bearing is provided at a position in contact with the bearing portion 16 of the horizontal shaft 12. Has a structure in which a collar 17 made of an iron-based material is attached.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a surveying instrument, and more particularly to improvement of weight reduction of a rotary shaft.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 Conventionally, the rotation axis of a surveying instrument, that is, the axis that serves as the reference for reading the horizontal angle and the altitude angle, also requires an accurate degree scale, but accurate rotation is required. For example, the horizontal axis that rotatably supports the telescope will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal axis 42 is generally a space between the two columns 45 of the surveying instrument S without using a bearing. The telescope lens barrel 41 is rotatably supported. Generally, there are two types of horizontal axes used in the surveying instrument S, a through type (one object) as shown in FIG. 4 and a split type (two objects) not shown. The degree of coaxiality of the engaging portion (contact surface) 48 with the bearing portion 49 of each strut 45 requires a considerable machining accuracy. The through-type horizontal shaft 42, which is easier to process and assemble than the split-type horizontal shaft, is now widely used.

Since the horizontal shaft 42 supporting the telescope lens barrel 41 is rotatably supported by the bearing 49, the horizontal shaft 42 and the bearing 49 are made of a copper or iron-based material with little galling during rotation. It is formed using materials. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 43 indicates an optical axis.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 A surveying instrument is required to be small and lightweight so that it can be easily transported and transported, and that it allows quick surveying work without burdening the operator. However, as described above, if the horizontal shaft 42 is made of a copper or iron-based material, the weight inevitably increases. For this reason, there are inconveniences that the surveying work is speeded up and the impact when dropped is large. This inclination is more pronounced in the through-type horizontal axis, which uses more material than the split type.

Therefore, it is possible to use a horizontal shaft made of an aluminum material (specific gravity, copper-based ≈8.7, iron-based ≈7.8, aluminum ≈2.7) whose specific gravity is smaller than that of copper or iron-based material. It is conceivable that such an aluminum material has a soft surface, so it lacks wear resistance and causes galling, which is not suitable for use as a sliding part or a rotating part.

An object of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument that has a rotating shaft that is lighter in weight and does not cause galling of a rotating portion.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The surveying instrument of the present invention is a surveying instrument comprising a rotating shaft and a bearing for supporting the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is made of aluminum as a base material and is in contact with the bearing of the rotating shaft. A collar formed of a copper-based or iron-based material is attached to the position.

[0008]

[Action]

 The rotating shaft is made of aluminum as the base material, and the collar made of copper or iron material is attached to the position where it contacts the bearing of the rotating shaft. Only the rotating part in contact with the bearing is made of copper or iron as in the conventional case, and there is no inconvenience such as galling during rotation.

[0009]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The parts, arrangements, etc. described below do not limit the present invention and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a surveying instrument S equipped with a telescope barrel 11. In FIG. 1, it is shown as a transit or theodolite, and is similarly applied to the case where the optical system of the optical rangefinder is mounted on the telescope or the horizontal axis of the digital theodolite or the like. FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the horizontal shaft 12 that pivotally supports the telescope barrel 11. In the surveying instrument S of this example, a central fine movement device 14 and a main body are rotatably installed on a leveling device 13, and a telescope lens barrel 11 is rotatably supported by a horizontal shaft 12 between columns 15 and 15 '. It is pivotally supported. In this example, as the bearing portion 16 of the surveying instrument S, a horizontal shaft 12 that supports the telescope lens barrel 11 and bearing metals 19 and 19 'formed on columns 15 and 15' that support the horizontal shaft 12 are taken as an example. Explain.

As shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal shaft 12 of this embodiment is of a penetrating type, and the horizontal shaft 12 is provided with a hole 12 a of an optical system in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal shaft 12 for the optical path of the telescope lens barrel 11. At the center of the horizontal axis 12, there is formed a hole 21 in which an optical system element (not shown) for reading the horizontal angle and the altitude angle is provided. At both ends of the horizontal shaft 12, narrowed portions (steps) 12b, 12b are formed and are coaxial with each other. Collars 17 and 17 'are provided on the thin steps 12b and 12b. The collars 17 and 17 'are made of copper or iron-based material, and the horizontal shaft 12 is made of aluminum as a base material.

To attach the collars 17 and 17 ′ to the step portion 12 b of the horizontal shaft 12, the collars 17 and 17 ′ are inserted and molded when the horizontal shaft 12 is cast. Alternatively, the horizontal shaft 12 and the collars 17 and 17 ′ may be manufactured separately and press-fitted into the step portion 12 b of the horizontal shaft 12 to be formed.

A hole 11c is formed at a right angle to the optical axis 20 of the telescope lens barrel 11, and the horizontal shaft 12 of the present example is fitted into the hole 11c of the telescope lens barrel 11 and fixed by an adhesive to be integrated. It is said that. Therefore, the telescope lens barrel 11 is configured to rotate together with the horizontal axis 12. The horizontal shaft 12 is locked in the thrust direction by forming a body portion 11b on the side of the thinned step portion 12b to stop the movement of the horizontal shaft 12 in the thrust direction.

A bearing hole 15b is formed in each of the facing surfaces 18 of the pair of columns 15 and 15 'on which the telescope lens barrel 11 is disposed. The bearing hole 15b has a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter 15a of the collar 17, and in this example, bearing metals 19 and 19 'are arranged in the bearing hole 15b. The bearing metals 19 and 19 'are fixed to both columns 15 and 15' of the main body after adjustment. The bearing metals 19 and 19 'are fixed on one side, and the bearing metal fixing screws (not shown) are slightly loosened (so-called raw tightening state) so that the bearing metal 19 and 19' are directly connected to the vertical shaft (not shown) on the other side. Is adjusted in the built-in collimator. The horizontal shaft 12 is rotatably supported by bearing metals 19 and 19 '.

The assembling of the telescope lens barrel 11 and the columns 15, 15 ′ is the same as the conventional one. For example, the telescope lens barrel 11 is located between the pair of columns 15, 15 ′, and the telescope lens barrel is mounted. The outer diameter of the collar 17 of 11 and the bearing holes 15b of the columns 15 and 15 'are aligned with each other, and the side surface 12b of the horizontal shaft 12 is inserted between the columns 15 and 15', and the horizontal shaft 12 is attached. Then, the bearing metal 19 'is attached to the bearing metal 19', then the other bearing metal 19 'is fitted, and the bearing metal 19' is screwed to the column 15 '.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, an example of split type horizontal shafts 22 and 22 'is shown. In this example, the horizontal shafts 22 and 22 'are of a split type, the horizontal shafts 22 and 22' are divided into two, and the divided horizontal shafts 22 and 22 'are attached to the telescope barrel 11. Since it is the same as the above-described embodiment except for the above, the same members and the like are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the description of the present embodiment is omitted. The horizontal shafts 22 and 22 'which are ground left and right are attached to the telescope lens barrel 11 and are coaxially processed to form horizontal shafts 22 and 22'. It should be noted that it is difficult for the split type to make a right angle between the left and right horizontal axes 22 and 22 'and the optical axis of the telescope with high accuracy, as compared with the through type.

[0017]

[Effect of the device]

 The weight of the horizontal axis and the weight of the surveying instrument as a whole can be reduced, making it easier to carry around, speeding up the surveying work, and reducing the impact force when it falls.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a surveying instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a horizontal axis that pivotally supports the telescope shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating another embodiment of the horizontal axis.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Telescope lens barrel 12 Rotation axis (horizontal axis) 15, 15 'Strut 16 Bearing part 19, 19' Bearing metal 17, 17 'Color S surveying instrument

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A rotating shaft, and a bearing for supporting the rotating shaft,
In the surveying instrument, the rotary shaft is formed by using aluminum as a base material, and a collar made of a copper-based or iron-based material is attached to a position of the rotary shaft in contact with the bearing. Surveying instrument.