JPH0558967U - Synchronizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] In a synchronizer of a manual transmission, ensure that sufficient lubricating oil is supplied to the friction surface between the speed gear and the synchronizer ring. [Structure] A speed gear 3 integrally provided with a clutch gear 7 is provided with a conical inner peripheral surface 11 of a synchronizer ring 13.
An oil hole 21 for supplying lubricating oil toward a cone surface 9 which can be engaged with the speed gear 3 is formed so as to penetrate axially so as to have a rake angle in the rotation direction of the speed gear 3.
The lubricating oil is positively supplied toward the cone surface by the centrifugal action accompanying the rotation of the.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a synchronizer used for a manual transmission of an automobile, and more particularly to a structure for supplying lubricating oil.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 A manual transmission synchronizer for an automobile generally has the following configuration. That is, a speed gear is provided in an idle state on the outer periphery of the shaft on the input side and always meshes with gears of other shafts. A clutch gear is integrally provided on the speed gear, and a conical cone surface called a synchro cone is formed. Then, the synchronizer ring having a conical inner peripheral surface that can be frictionally engaged with the cone surface is axially pressed by the synchronizer sleeve. By this pressing, the cone surface and the inner peripheral surface are engaged with each other to generate a friction torque, and the shaft and the speed gear having different rotation speeds are synchronized with each other. After the synchronization is performed, the teeth formed on the synchronizer sleeve mesh with the teeth of the synchronizer ring and the teeth of the clutch gear, and the shaft and the speed gear are connected.

In such a synchronizer, the lubricating oil is supplied between the friction surface between the cone surface of the speed gear and the inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring along with the rotation of the speed gear etc. by the lubricating oil in the transmission. It is picked up and passed through the gaps of the speed gear, clutch gear, synchronizer ring, synchronizer sleeve, etc.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, according to the above-mentioned conventional technology, the supply of lubricating oil to the friction surface that generates friction torque is insufficient, and as a result, the local lubricating oil deteriorates, the friction coefficient decreases, and the friction surface wears. There was a problem that it was easy to proceed. If the coefficient of friction decreases due to deterioration of the lubricating oil, the friction torque required for synchronization is insufficient, and the synchronizer performance may not be fully exhibited, and gear squeal may occur during gear changes. In particular, there is a problem when frequently changing gears.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a synchronizer capable of sufficiently supplying lubricating oil to a friction surface.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the synchronizer of the present invention is provided with a clutch gear integrally with a speed gear having a cone surface capable of engaging with the conical inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring. The characteristic feature is that an oil hole for supplying lubricating oil is formed so as to penetrate axially at a predetermined angle in the rotational direction of the speed gear.

[0007]

[Action]

 Lubricating oil in the transmission is positively supplied toward the cone surface through an oil hole that forms a predetermined angle in the rotation direction of the speed gear due to the centrifugal action that accompanies the rotation of the speed gear.

[0008]

【Example】

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1 showing a first embodiment of a synchronizer for a manual transmission according to the present invention, a plurality of speed gears 3 are provided in an idle state on the outer periphery of a shaft 1 on the input side. These speed gears 3 are constantly in mesh with speed gears provided on another shaft (not shown). A synchronizer 5 is provided between such speed gears 3.

In the synchronizer 5, conical cone surfaces 9 called sync cones are formed at opposite ends of two speed gears 3 integrally formed with a clutch gear 7. A synchronizer ring 13 having a corresponding conical inner peripheral surface 11 capable of frictionally engaging with the cone surface 9 is provided corresponding to each speed gear 3. A synchronizer hub 14 is spline-coupled to the shaft 1 between the speed gears 3, and a synchronizer sleeve 15 is spline-coupled to the outer periphery of the synchronizer hub 14 so as to be movable in the axial direction. There is. The synchronizer ring 13 is axially pressed by a synchronizer sleeve 15, and the synchronizer sleeve 15 is arbitrarily moved in the axial direction by a selector 19 fitted into a groove 17 provided on the outer circumference. With the above movement, the teeth of the synchronizer sleeve 15 mesh with the teeth of the synchronizer ring 13 and the teeth of the clutch gear 7.

One end 23 of the oil hole 21 is opened on a side surface of the speed gear 3 opposite to the cone surface 9. The oil hole 21 penetrates the speed gear 3 and is formed in an approximately axial direction. However, in order to facilitate the flow of the lubricating oil by centrifugal force, a rake angle is provided in the rotation direction of the speed gear 3, It is provided so as to be inclined in the radial direction. The other end 25 of the oil hole 21 is opened to the tip end side of the cone surface 9 of the speed gear 7 in this embodiment.

The operation of this embodiment will be described. The operation of the synchronizer 5 at the time of gear change is the same as the conventional one. That is, the selector 19 fitted in the groove 17 moves the synchronizer sleeve 15 in the axial direction on the synchronizer hub 14. The moved synchronizer sleeve 15 axially presses the synchronizer ring 13, whereby the inner peripheral surface 11 of the synchronizer ring 13 and the cone surface 9 of the speed gear 3 are brought into sliding contact with each other, and the speed gear 3 and the shaft 1 are brought into contact with each other. Synchronization is done. When both rotation speeds become the same and the synchronization is completed, the synchronizer sleeve 15 is further moved, the teeth of the synchronizer sleeve 15 completely mesh with the teeth of the synchronizer ring 13 and the teeth of the clutch gear 7, and the shaft 1 and the speed are The gear 3 is connected.

A part of the lubricating oil in the transmission enters the one end 23 of the oil hole 21, and a centrifugal action associated with the rotation of the speed gear 3 causes an oil hole having a predetermined rake angle in the rotation direction of the speed gear 3. 21 and is drawn from the other end 25 toward the synchronizer hub 14. The drawn lubricating oil is diffused radially outward by centrifugal force, and is positively supplied to the entire friction surface between the cone surface 9 of the speed gear 3 and the inner peripheral surface 11 of the synchronizer ring 13.

Conventionally, such a penetrating oil hole has not been provided, but in the present invention, not only can the lubricating oil be positively supplied by providing the oil hole 21, but also the oil hole 21 Is inclined in the rotation direction of the speed gear 3 with a predetermined rake angle, the lubricating oil can be smoothly supplied to the friction surface by the centrifugal force. As a result, the heat of the friction surface can be dissipated by the passage of the lubricating oil, the wear of the friction surface can be prevented, and the lubricating oil subjected to the load such as temperature rise and shear due to the synchronization action stays on the friction surface. It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the friction coefficient due to the retention of deteriorated lubricating oil. Further, the inner peripheral surface 11 of the synchronizer ring 13 is generally provided with a thread groove for cutting the lubricating oil to facilitate friction when contacting with the cone surface 9 of the speed gear 3. It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the generated lubricating oil from clogging the thread groove of the synchronizer ring, and prevent the friction coefficient from decreasing. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the friction torque from becoming insufficient due to the reduction of the friction coefficient of the friction surface, the predetermined performance of the synchronizer not being exhibited, and the occurrence of gear squeal at the time of gear change.

In the first embodiment described above, the speed gear 3 and the clutch gear 7 are integrally molded. However, the present invention is similar to the second embodiment shown in FIG. The present invention is also applicable to the case where the clutch gear 7 having is formed as a separate body and is integrated by connecting the spline 27, and the same effect can be obtained. In this case, the oil hole 21 does not necessarily need to be provided so that the other end 25 is opened to the cone surface 9 of the clutch gear 7, and the oil hole 21 is provided in the synchronizer hub 14 at a position radially inward with respect to the small diameter end portion of the cone surface 9. It suffices if it is opened on the opposite side surfaces. Further, in the second embodiment, the oil hole 21 is provided so as to penetrate both the speed gear 3 and the clutch gear 7 in the axial direction, but only the speed gear 3 should be provided so as to penetrate in the axial direction. It is also possible to do so.

[0015]

[Effect of the device]

 As described above, according to the synchronizer of the present invention, the lubricating oil is drawn toward the synchronizer hub through the oil hole by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the speed gear, and is further diffused radially outward by the centrifugal force. Since it is positively supplied to the friction surface between the speed gear and the synchronizer ring, the lubricating oil is supplied more than before, and deterioration of the lubricating oil and abrasion of the friction surface can be suppressed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a synchronizer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 1 shaft 3 speed gear 5 synchronizer 7 clutch gear 9 cone surface 11 inner peripheral surface 13 synchronizer ring 14 synchronizer hub 15 synchronizer sleeve 19 selector 21 oil hole 27 spline

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An oil hole for supplying lubricating oil toward a conical surface of a synchronizer ring and a speed gear having a conical surface capable of engaging with a conical inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring. Is formed by penetrating in the axial direction at a predetermined angle in the rotation direction of the speed gear.