JPH0552087A - Caisson type pile construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the manual work and provide safety by mechanizing the caisson type pile construction. CONSTITUTION:A tubular guide shaft 2 is suspended from a pit mouth frame 10 with shaft hoisting devices 12 and cables 13. Each guide shaft 2 is fixed by shaft grippers 7, 11. A main work machine 20, auxiliary work machines 25, 36, and a man/load-conveying gondola 35 are suspended from external cranes 15, 30 with rope trolleys 17, 32 and cables 18, 33. An optional underground machine, e.g. the main work machine 20, is inserted into the guide shaft 2, and it is lowered to the excavation work area 79. The main work machine 20 is fixed to the guide shaft 2 with a gripper 22 to excavate the ground 80. Various underground machines can be quickly replaced in response to the soil property, and each underground machine can be fixed for a strong excavation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a construction machine for deep foundation work.

[0002]

[Prior art] The construction of deep foundation work was originally developed as a construction method by manual labor, but many difficult work (breaker, noise, manual work), dangerous work (deep work, drop, fall), labor force Is difficult to secure. In addition, since the accident rate is high in the construction of deep foundation works, the development of construction machinery is desired. Therefore, diversion of construction machines for general construction is considered as an alternative to manual construction, and dedicated machines that are downsized general machines are also being developed.

[0003]

However, since the deep foundation is generally a vertical hole with a small diameter (2 to 5 m) and deep (up to 50 m) special conditions, it is efficient in remodeling and diversion of general machinery. Construction is difficult. That is, simply reducing the size of a general machine is insufficient in cutting ability, and there is a problem in workability. In addition, since the deep foundation covers a wide range of soil from soft foundation to hard rock, it is almost impossible to excavate each soil with a single machine.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a deep foundation construction machine capable of performing efficient construction.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a tubular guide (2) is provided so as to extend into a pit, and guide fixing means (10, 13, 7, 11) fixes the guide (2). In the form of a plurality of underground machines (20, 20 ', 25,
25 ', 36, 35) are provided movably in the guide (2), and the downhole mechanical suspension means (15, 30, 18,
33) to each of the downhole machines (20, 20 ', 25, 2)
5 ', 36, 35) is suspended from the outside of the mine, and each of the downhole machines (20, 20', 25, 25 ', 36) is selectively moved into the guide (2). The machine fixing means (22, 27, 38) is connected to the underground machine (2
0, 20 ', 25, 25', 36, 35) are provided so as to be fixed to the guide (2).

The numbers in parentheses () indicate the corresponding elements in the drawings for the sake of convenience, and the present description is not limited to the description in the drawings. The same applies to the column of "action" below.

[0007]

With the above structure, each downhole machine (20, 2)
0 ', 25, 25', 36) are moving in and out of the mine,
It is guided through the guide (2) and, during work, acts so as to be fixed to the guide (2) through the downhole machine fixing means (22, 27, 38).

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a deep foundation construction machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the deep foundation construction machine shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the deep foundation construction machine shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where the main work machine (clam cell excavator) is moved into the mine, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where the manpowered gondola is moved into the mine in the deep foundation construction machine shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a figure which shows another Example of the deep foundation construction machine by this invention.

The deep foundation construction machine 1 according to the present invention has a guide shaft 2 as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4. The guide shaft 2 includes a tip member 3 and a plurality of intermediate members 4 in the drawing. It is formed in a circular tube shape with upper and lower ends open.
The tip member 3 and each intermediate member 4 have a diameter smaller than that of the deep foundation 70 (4 m in the case of FIGS. 1 to 4) (see FIG. 1).
In the case of FIG. 4, a steel pipe of 1.5 m) is formed in a shape extending vertically in the figure. The tip member 3 and the intermediate member 4 and the intermediate members 4 are connected to each other in the vertical direction in the drawing by bolts or the like via the joint portion 2c. A ceiling protection member 6 is fixed to the outer periphery of the tip member 3 of the guide shaft 2. Then, a plurality of shaft grippers 7 are driven to project outward (in the direction of arrow X) via a hydraulic jack or the like to the ceiling protection member 6, and press the liner plate 72 of the deep foundation 70 under construction as described later. It is provided in the form of. Further, on the lower part of the ceiling protection member 6 in the figure, a slide-type falling object protection plate 8 expands and contracts in the left-right direction in the figure in accordance with the diameter of the deep foundation 70 under construction, so that the guide shaft 2 and the deep foundation 70 are separated. It is provided so as to shield the gap between the hole walls 71. In addition, an emergency ladder 2b is provided on the outer periphery of the guide shaft 12 so as to extend vertically in the drawing.

Further, the deep foundation construction machine 1 includes a wellhead mount 10
The shaft through hole 1 having a diameter larger than that of the guide shaft 12 is provided in the wellhead mount 10.
0a is formed. A shaft lifting device 12 (winch) is provided on the wellhead 10 and the tip member 3 of the guide shaft 12 is attached to the shaft lifting device 12 via a cable 13 in the directions of arrows A and B. Suspended so that it can be driven up and down. Further, the shaft gripper 11 is driven to project inward (in the direction of arrow Y) from the shaft through hole 10a via a hydraulic jack or the like on the wellhead gantry 10 to press the outer peripheral surface of the guide shaft 2 as described later. It is provided in.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, the deep foundation construction machine 1 includes a first underground crane 15 and a second underground crane 30.
2 are movably driven in the directions of arrows E and F in FIG. 2 via rails 15a and 30a laid on the ground 81, respectively. The first underground crane 15 has a portal frame 16 as shown in FIG.
Two rope trolleys 17 are provided on the beam 6 so as to be movable in the directions of arrows C and D, respectively.
Similarly, the second underground crane 30 has a portal frame 31, and two rope trolleys 32 are provided on the beams of the portal frame 31 so as to be movable in the directions of arrows C and D, respectively. ing.

On the rope trolley 17 of the first underground crane 15, the main work machine 20 is connected to the cable 1
8 and a winch 18a, which are suspended in the directions of arrows A and B so as to be vertically driven. As shown in FIG. 3, the main work machine 20 is provided with a power unit section 21,
The power unit portion 21 is formed in an outer shape smaller than the diameter of the guide shaft 12. A plurality of rollers 21a are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the power unit portion 21 so as to roll with respect to the inner peripheral surface 2a of the guide shaft 12, and a plurality of grippers 22 are provided via a hydraulic jack or the like. It is provided so as to project outwardly (in the direction of arrow Z) and press the inner peripheral surface 2a of the guide shaft 12 as described later. A clam cell excavator 23 is provided below the power unit section 21 in the figure. The clam cell excavator 23 includes a bucket 23a and an arm 23b.
Is provided so that it can be swung, bent, and extended while being driven via the power unit section 21. Incidentally, an automatic circuit for driving and controlling the clam cell excavator 23 is incorporated in the power unit section 21 (the auxiliary work machine 2 described later).
The same applies to the power unit portions 26 and 27 of the reference numerals 5 and 36).

As shown in FIG. 1, an auxiliary work machine 25 is attached to the other rope trolley 17 of the first underground crane 15.
The cable 18 and the winch 18a are suspended so as to be vertically driven in the directions of arrows A and B. Auxiliary work machine 25
In the same manner as the main work machine 20, the power unit 26
Is provided, and the power unit portion 26 is formed in an outer shape smaller than the diameter of the guide shaft 12. A plurality of rollers 26 a are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the power unit portion 26 so as to roll with respect to the inner peripheral surface 2 a of the guide shaft 12, and the plurality of grippers 2 a.
7 is provided so as to be driven to project outward through a hydraulic jack or the like to press the inner peripheral surface 2a of the guide shaft 12. Further, various attachments 28 such as a breaker, a header, a drilling machine, and a liner-installed manipulator are provided at the lower part of the power unit portion 26 in the drawing.
It is replaceable according to the soil type and is mounted so as to be driven through the power unit portion 26.

Further, on one of the rope trolleys 32 of the second underground crane 30, a cargo gondola 35 is vertically moved in the directions of arrows A and B through a cable 33 and a winch 33a for carrying materials and personnel. Suspended freely. As shown in FIG. 4, the cargo gondola 35 has a guide shaft 12
Is formed in a smaller outer diameter than the caliber, and a plurality of rollers 35a are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the passenger-carried gondola 35 so as to roll with respect to the inner peripheral surface 2a of the guide shaft 12. .. Further, a crane hook 35b is provided at the lower part of the cargo gondola 35 in the figure.

As shown in FIG. 1, an auxiliary work machine 36 is attached to the other rope trolley 32 of the second underground crane 30.
The cable 33 and the winch 33a are suspended so as to be vertically driven in the directions of arrows A and B. Auxiliary work machine 36
Is provided with a power unit portion 37, and the power unit portion 37 is formed in an outer shape smaller than the diameter of the guide shaft 12. A plurality of rollers 37a are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the power unit portion 37 so as to roll with respect to the inner peripheral surface 2a of the guide shaft 12, and a plurality of grippers 38 are provided via a hydraulic jack or the like. The outer peripheral surface 2 of the guide shaft 12 is driven by projecting outward.
It is provided so as to press a. And, in the lower part of the power unit part 37 in the figure, the rock drill 3 is used for hard rock and boulders.
9 is provided so as to be driven via the power unit portion 37. The rock drill 39 can also be used as a work manipulator for liners and sprayers by utilizing the jumbo function.

Since the deep foundation construction machine 1 has the above-described structure, in order to construct the deep foundation 70 using the deep foundation construction machine 1, first, as shown in FIG. Install and fix at the wellhead. Then, with the shaft grippers 7 and 11 retracted, the guide shaft 2 is inserted into the shaft insertion hole 10a. Then, the cable 13 is sent downward from the shaft up-and-down device 12 on the wellhead gantry 10 to lower the guide shaft 2 to the excavation work area 79.
And, each shaft gripper 7 of the guide shaft 2,
The liner plate 72 already installed on the deep foundation 70 is pressed by projecting it in the direction of the arrow X. In addition, the wellhead 10
The shaft gripper 11 of is projected in the arrow Y direction,
The outer peripheral surface of the guide shaft 2 is pressed. Then, the guide shaft 2 is securely fixed to the hole wall 71 of the deep foundation 70 under construction via the shaft grippers 7 and 11.

Next, one of the subsurface cranes 15 and 30, for example, the first subsurface crane 15 is moved in the direction of arrow F to the position of the deep foundation 70 under construction shown by the solid line in FIG. At this time, the other second underground crane 30 is moved in the direction of arrow E to the retracted position on the left side in the figure. In addition, as shown by the solid line and the two-dot chain line, two deep foundations 70, 70
It is also possible to construct simultaneously. At this time, when the first underground crane 15 is used on the side of the deep foundation 70 shown by the solid line, the second underground crane 30 is provided on the side of the deep foundation 70 shown by another two-dot chain line. Can be used for efficient construction.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1, one of the main work machine 20 and the auxiliary work machine 25 of the first underground crane 15, for example, the main work machine 20 is connected to the guide shaft 12.
Is moved in the direction of arrow D through the rope trolley 17 to the upper side in the figure. At this time, the other auxiliary work machine 25 is moved in the direction of arrow D via the rope trolley 17 to the retracted position at the right end in the figure. Next, with the gripper 22 of the main work machine 20 retracted, the cable 18 is sent out from the rope trolley 17 and the main work machine 20 is inserted into the guide shaft 12. Then, the cable 18 is further sent out from the rope trolley 17 to lower the main work machine 20 in the arrow B direction. Then, the main work machine 20 moves the roller 2
1a descends to the excavation work area 79 in a form of rolling with respect to the inner surface 2a of the guide shaft 12. That is, since the main work machine 20 is moved (similarly for other underground machines), the main work machine 20 is guided through the guide shaft 12, regardless of the diameter of the deep foundation 70 under construction. High-speed movement is possible, and there is no twist of the cable 18, which is safe. Further, the main work machine 20 (similarly for other underground machines) is suspended by the cable 18, and the guide shaft 12 can be extended as described later, so that the depth of the deep foundation 70 is increased. Even if it is big, we can handle it.

When the main work machine 20 moves to the lower end of the guide shaft 12 in FIG. 3, the gripper 22 projects in the direction of arrow Z and presses the inner peripheral surface 12a of the guide shaft 12. Then, the main work machine 20 uses the clam cell excavator 23.
Is fixed to the guide shaft 12 (and thus to the hole wall 71) in a state of protruding from the lower end of the guide shaft 12 in the drawing to the excavation work area 79. When the main work machine 20 is fixed, the bucket 23 of the clam cell excavator 23
a, the arm 23b is remotely operated or automatically operated from the outside of the mine to excavate the ground 80. That is, the main work machine 20
Is fixed to the guide shaft 12 fixed to the hole wall 71 during the work, so that the reaction force at the time of excavation can be taken from the guide shaft 12 even if there is depth (other underground The same is true for machines). Therefore, a machine having a strong excavating force can be used as the underground machine such as the main work machine 20 and the auxiliary work machines 25 and 36. Further, even when the excavation work area 79 is deep, it is possible to prevent the ability of the machine from decreasing. In addition, when carrying out to the outside of the mine, using the bucket 23a of the clam cell excavator 23, the main work machine 20 is moved up and down in the directions of arrows A and B via the cable 18 or the like with the gripper 22 retracted. By doing so, it is performed while passing through the inside of the guide shaft 2.

During excavation by the main work machine 20, if the soil quality changes and it becomes difficult for the main work machine 20 to excavate,
Alternatively, when installing the liner plate 72, the auxiliary work machine 25 is replaced. First, the gripper 22 is retracted, and the rope trolley 17 shown in FIG.
Is pulled up, the main work machine 20 is lifted in the direction of arrow A, and is taken out from the guide shaft 12. Then, the main work machine 20 is moved to the retracted position at the left end in FIG. In addition, the auxiliary work machine 25 has a breaker as an attachment 28,
Select an appropriate one from the header, drilling machine, liner installation manipulator, etc. and install it. Then, as in the case of the main work machine 20, the auxiliary work machine 25 is moved in the arrow C direction via the rope trolley 17, lowered in the arrow B direction, and inserted into the guide shaft 12. Then, the auxiliary work machine 25 is fixed to the lower end of the guide shaft 12 in the drawing by projecting the gripper 27 while the attachment 28 projects into the excavation work area 79. That is, the main work machine 20 and the auxiliary work machine 25 have a structure in which they are suspended from the first underground crane 15, and the hole wall 71 is used.
The main work machine 20 and the auxiliary work machine 25 can be replaced more quickly and safely than the replacement of the general machine because the guide shaft 2 fixed to the second work crane 30 is used. The same applies to the man-operated gondola 35 having a structure of suspending from above, the auxiliary work machine 36, the main work machine 20 'and the auxiliary work machine 25' of the deep foundation construction machine 1'described later).

It is also possible to replace it with the manpowered gondola 35 or the auxiliary work machine 36 on the side of the second underground crane 30. That is, after taking out the main work machine 20 or the auxiliary work machine 25 from the inside of the guide shaft 2, the first underground crane 30 is moved in the direction of arrow E to the position of the deep foundation 70 at the position shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. To move. In addition, the second underground crane 30 to the position of the deep foundation 70 at the position shown by the solid line,
Move in the direction of arrow F. Then, the cargo gondola 35 or the auxiliary work machine 36 is connected to the rope trolley 32 as shown in FIG.
The cable 33 is moved in the direction of the arrow C, the cable 33 is fed out, lowered in the direction of the arrow B, and inserted into the guide shaft 12. In the case of the auxiliary work machine 36, the rock drill 39 is projected into the excavation work area 79, and the gripper 38 is projected and fixed to the lower end of the guide shaft 12 in the figure.
In addition, since the movement of the cargo gondola 35 is performed by guiding it through the guide shaft 12, as shown in FIG.
It is possible to prevent the shake of the load.

When the excavation work progresses to a predetermined depth, in order to extend the guide shaft 2, the main work machine 20, the auxiliary work machines 25 and 36, and the manpowered gondola 35 shown in FIG.
Is taken out from inside the guide shaft 2. Then, the intermediate member 4 is added to the upper end in the figure of the guide shaft 2 protruding from the wellhead mount 10 via the joint portion 2c.
Next, after retracting the shaft grippers 7 and 11, the shaft lifting device 12 on the wellhead mount 10 to the cable 13
Is sent downward in the drawing to lower the guide shaft 2 by a distance corresponding to the length of the intermediate member 4 added. Then, the shaft grippers 7 and 11 are projected again to fix the guide shaft 2 to the liner plate 72 (hole wall 71) of the deep foundation 70 under construction. In this way, when the guide shaft 2 is extended, the underground machine such as the main work machine 20 is again moved to the excavation work area 79 via the guide shaft 2 and the excavation work is restarted. The guide shaft 2 is removed from the deep foundation 70 and reused after the construction is completed.

As the underground machine such as the main work machine and the auxiliary work machine, various machines other than those mentioned above can be used. For example, the deep foundation construction machine 1'shown in FIG.
Is a deep foundation 70 with a relatively small diameter (2.5 m in the case of FIG. 5)
The deep foundation construction machine 1'is provided with a main work machine 20 'and an auxiliary work machine 25'. The main work machine 20 'is provided with an orange peel bucket 23' driven by the power unit section 21, and the auxiliary work machine 25 'is provided with a breaker 28' (or load header). Two
It is provided so as to be driven via 6. Since the deep foundation construction machine 1'is configured substantially the same as the above-mentioned deep foundation construction machine 1, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the deep foundation construction machine 1 ', the central portion of the ground 80 (lower side of the guide shaft 2 in the figure).
Is excavated using the orange peel bucket 23 'of the main work machine 20', and the peripheral portion of the ground 80 is excavated using the breaker 28 'of the auxiliary work machine 25'.
Also in this case, the main work machine 20 'and the auxiliary work machine 25'
Is fixed to the guide shaft 2, so that strong excavation can be performed. In order to carry out the slip to the outside of the mine, the breaker 28 'of the auxiliary work machine 25' is used to scrape it from the peripheral portion of the ground 80 to the central portion, and then the orange peel bucket 23 'of the main work machine 20'. Is used to pass through the inside of the guide shaft 12.

Since each of the devices constituting the deep foundation construction machines 1, 1'can be downsized or disassembled, they can be used for construction in the mountains.

In the above embodiment, the case where the main work machine 20 is mounted on the side of the first underground crane 15 has been described, but the main work machine 20 is mounted on the side of the second underground crane 30. May be. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the two off-road cranes 15 and 30 are used has been described, but three or more off-road cranes may be used.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, the tubular guide such as the guide shaft 2 is provided so as to extend into the mine, and the wellhead mount 10, the cable 13, the shaft grippers 7, 11 and the like are provided. Guide fixing means is provided to fix the guide, and a plurality of underground machines such as main work machines 20 and 20 'and auxiliary work machines 25, 25' and 36 are provided so as to be movable in the guide. Off-road crane 15, 3
0, cables 18, 33, etc. are installed in the form of means for suspending each of the underground machines from the outside and selectively moving each of the underground machines into the guide, and grippers 22, 27, 38. Since the underground machine fixing means such as is provided by being configured to fix the underground machine to the guide, each underground machine is guided through the guide during movement to the inside and outside of the underground machine, It can be moved quickly. Therefore, it is possible to quickly replace the underground machine according to the soil quality. Further, since each underground machine is fixed to the guide via the underground machine fixing means during the work, it is possible to strongly excavate.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a deep foundation construction machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the deep foundation construction machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a case where the main work machine (clam cell excavator) is moved into the mine in the deep foundation construction machine shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where a man-powered gondola is moved into a mine in the deep foundation construction machine shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the deep foundation construction machine according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1 '... Deep foundation construction machine 2 ... Guide (guide shaft) 7 ... Guide fixing means (shaft gripper) 10 ... Guide fixing means (wellhead) 11 ... Guide fixing means (shaft gripper) 13 ... … Guide fixing means (cable) 15 …… Underground machine suspension means (first underground crane) 18 …… Underground machine suspension means (cable) 20, 20 ′ …… Underground machine (main work machine) 22 …… Underground machine fixing Means (gripper) 25, 25 '... Underground machine (auxiliary work machine) 27 ... Underground machine fixing means (gripper) 30 ... Underground machine suspension means (second underground crane) 33 ... Underground machine suspension means (cable) ) 36 ... Underground machine (auxiliary work machine) 38 ... Underground machine fixing means (gripper)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tubular guide is provided so as to extend into the mine, guide fixing means is provided so as to fix the guide, and a plurality of underground machines are provided so as to be movable in the guide. Mechanical suspension means is provided such that each of the downhole machines is suspended from the outside of the well and each of the downhole machines is selectively moved into the guide, and downhole machine fixing means is provided for the downhole machine with respect to the guide. A deep foundation construction machine that is installed and configured to be fixed.