JPH0551041B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0551041B2 JPH0551041B2 JP60018963A JP1896385A JPH0551041B2 JP H0551041 B2 JPH0551041 B2 JP H0551041B2 JP 60018963 A JP60018963 A JP 60018963A JP 1896385 A JP1896385 A JP 1896385A JP H0551041 B2 JPH0551041 B2 JP H0551041B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- alloy
- fiber
- reinforced metal
- metal body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100002675 Arabidopsis thaliana ADT4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- -1 Co-based Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
- F05C2253/16—Fibres
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は内燃機関のシリンダヘツド、更に詳し
くはバルブシートリングレス軽合金シリンダヘツ
ドに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a valve seat ringless light alloy cylinder head.
従来、軽合金シリンダヘツドではバブルとのシ
ール性及び耐摩耗性を確保するために、主として
耐摩耗性の良好な鉄系のバルブシートリングをバ
ルブとの当接部に圧入している。このようにバル
ブシートリングを装着する方式では、シリンダヘ
ツドのシートリング用の下穴加工、シートリング
加工及び該リングの圧入工程に多大なコストと時
間を費やしているだけでなく、熱伝導性が良好で
ないためバルブの冷却効果も低く高温となるた
め、バルブシートやバルブには高価な耐熱・耐摩
耗性材料を用いることが必要となりコスト高とな
るため、内燃機関の高性能化の障害にもなつてい
た。
Conventionally, in light alloy cylinder heads, in order to ensure bubble sealing and wear resistance, an iron-based valve seat ring, which has good wear resistance, is press-fitted into the abutment area with the valve. This method of installing valve seat rings not only requires a great deal of cost and time in drilling the pilot hole for the seat ring in the cylinder head, processing the seat ring, and press-fitting the ring, but also has poor thermal conductivity. Because the valves are not in good condition, the cooling effect of the valves is low and the temperatures reach high temperatures, so it is necessary to use expensive heat-resistant and wear-resistant materials for the valve seats and valves, which increases costs and is an obstacle to improving the performance of internal combustion engines. I was getting used to it.
そこで、鋳鉄製シリンダヘツドでみられるよう
にバルブシートリングを廃止することが考えられ
るが、低温側のインテークバルブシートにおいて
も局部的には排気に近い温度となるため、通常の
Al合金やMg合金では耐熱強度や高温耐摩耗性が
不足するとか、また燃焼生成物等の析出物のかみ
こみに弱い等のほか耐食性が不足する等の問題が
ある。 Therefore, it may be possible to eliminate the valve seat ring as seen in cast iron cylinder heads, but since the intake valve seat on the low temperature side locally reaches a temperature close to that of the exhaust gas,
Al alloys and Mg alloys have problems such as insufficient heat-resistant strength and high-temperature wear resistance, and are susceptible to entrapment of precipitates such as combustion products, as well as insufficient corrosion resistance.
そのため、Al合金やMg合金のシリンダヘツド
のバルブ当り面部に直接、溶射やクラツデイング
やアロイング等により、耐熱・耐摩耗性等に優れ
た材料を表面被覆することが検討されている。 Therefore, it is being considered to directly coat the valve contact surface of the Al alloy or Mg alloy cylinder head with a material that has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance by thermal spraying, cladding, alloying, etc.
しかしながら、上記したように耐熱・耐摩耗性
材料を被覆しても、運転中の熱サイクルによる熱
歪に対し、基材との熱膨張差、弾性率の差及び基
材の剛性不足等により被覆材の剥離が生じやすい
という問題を有していた。
However, even if the material is coated with a heat-resistant and wear-resistant material as described above, thermal distortion due to thermal cycles during operation may occur due to differences in thermal expansion with the base material, differences in elastic modulus, and lack of rigidity of the base material. The problem was that the material was likely to peel off.
本発明は上記従来技術における問題点を解決す
るためのものであり、その目的とするところはバ
ルブシート相当部が耐熱・耐摩耗性に優れ、かつ
該部位に剥離が生じないシリンダヘツドを提供す
ることにある。 The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and its purpose is to provide a cylinder head in which the portion corresponding to the valve seat has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance, and does not cause peeling at this portion. There is a particular thing.
すなわち本発明のシリンダヘツドは、内燃機関
のAl合金又はMg合金製シリンダヘツドのバルブ
シート相当部を、該相当部の使用時の温度又は応
力の分布に応じて強化繊維の種類、サイズ、体積
率、配向等の性状を段階的又は連続的に変化させ
た繊維強化金属体とし、且つ該繊維強化金属体上
のバルブ当り面部に耐摩耗性被覆層が形成されて
おり、
インテーク側バルブ当り面部の前記摩耗性被覆
層は、Al合金又はMg合金を基材としてなる均一
な組成であり、
エキーゾースト側バルブ当り面部の前記摩耗性
被覆層は、Fe、Ni、Co及びCu基材合金のうちの
いずれか１種よりなる均一な組成であることを特
徴とする。
In other words, in the cylinder head of the present invention, a portion corresponding to the valve seat of a cylinder head made of Al alloy or Mg alloy for an internal combustion engine is modified according to the type, size, and volume ratio of reinforcing fibers depending on the temperature or stress distribution during use of the corresponding portion. , a fiber-reinforced metal body whose properties such as orientation are changed stepwise or continuously, and a wear-resistant coating layer is formed on the valve contact surface on the fiber-reinforced metal body, and a wear-resistant coating layer is formed on the valve contact surface on the intake side. The abrasive coating layer has a uniform composition made of Al alloy or Mg alloy as a base material, and the abrasive coating layer on the exhaust side valve contact surface is made of any one of Fe, Ni, Co, and Cu base alloys. It is characterized by a uniform composition consisting of one of the following.
本発明に用いることのできる強化繊維としては
例えば金属繊維、セラミツク繊維、ガラス繊維
等、鋳造時の高温に耐え且つ充分な機械的特性を
有するものであれば特に限定されない。例えば金
属繊維としてはSCr20、SCM40、SUS410等のス
チール若しくは鋳鉄等の鉄系繊維、及びNi系、
Co系、Ti系、Cu系等の合金繊維が挙げられ、
又、セラミツク繊維としてはSiO2、Al2O3、SiC
等からなる繊維が挙げられる。これらの繊維は長
繊維の形態でも短繊維の形態でも使用することが
できる。又、繊維の径や長さも種々のものが使用
できるが、長繊維であれば径５〜300μ、短繊維
であれば径0.05〜20μ、長さ10〜500μのものが好
ましい。 The reinforcing fibers that can be used in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they can withstand high temperatures during casting and have sufficient mechanical properties, such as metal fibers, ceramic fibers, and glass fibers. For example, metal fibers include steel such as SCr20, SCM40, and SUS410, iron-based fibers such as cast iron, and Ni-based fibers.
Examples include alloy fibers such as Co-based, Ti-based, Cu-based, etc.
In addition, ceramic fibers include SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and SiC.
Examples include fibers consisting of. These fibers can be used in the form of long fibers or short fibers. Further, various fiber diameters and lengths can be used, but long fibers preferably have a diameter of 5 to 300 μm, and short fibers preferably have a diameter of 0.05 to 20 μm and a length of 10 to 500 μm.
上記繊維の種類によつて特性は異なる。例えば
金属繊維はセラミツク繊維などの非金属繊維に比
べて母材金属との濡れ性に優れており、又、コス
トも安い。反対に強度特性などはセラミツク繊維
の方が優れている。又、バルブシート相当部もそ
の場所によつて使用時の温度や応力は一様ではな
い。 The characteristics vary depending on the type of fiber. For example, metal fibers have better wettability with base metals than non-metallic fibers such as ceramic fibers, and are also cheaper. On the other hand, ceramic fibers are superior in terms of strength and other properties. Furthermore, the temperature and stress during use of the valve seat portion are not uniform depending on the location.
したがつて、バルブシート相当部を繊維強化金
属体（FRM）で形成するにあたつては、上記繊
維の性状例えば種類、サイズ、体積率、配向等を
段階的又は連続的に変化させて最適に配置すると
よい。 Therefore, when forming the portion corresponding to the valve seat with a fiber-reinforced metal body (FRM), the properties of the above-mentioned fibers, such as type, size, volume ratio, orientation, etc., should be changed stepwise or continuously to find the optimal one. It is recommended to place it in
例えば、より高温となるバルブとの当り面に近
い側にセラミツク繊維を使用し、反対側に金属繊
維を使用することにより、又は上記各繊維の体積
率をバルブとの当り面側ほど高くすることによ
り、又はバルブとの当り面に近い側は長繊維を使
用し、遠い側は短繊維を使用することにより、母
材のAl合金又はMg合金と被覆層の材料との熱膨
張率の差により発生する熱歪を強化繊維によつて
徐々に矯正することができる。更に最適配置とす
ることによりバルブシート相当部の剛性が向上す
るため被覆層の剥離や亀裂を防止することができ
る。 For example, by using ceramic fibers on the side closer to the contact surface with the valve, which is hotter, and using metal fibers on the opposite side, or by increasing the volume percentage of each of the above fibers closer to the contact surface with the valve. or by using long fibers on the side closer to the contact surface with the valve and short fibers on the side farther away, due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the base material Al alloy or Mg alloy and the material of the coating layer. The thermal distortion that occurs can be gradually corrected by reinforcing fibers. Furthermore, by optimizing the arrangement, the rigidity of the portion corresponding to the valve seat is improved, so peeling and cracking of the coating layer can be prevented.
本発明においてFRM基材に用いることのでき
る軽合金としては、従来この種の目的に用いられ
ていたものを使用することができる。例えば
AC4Cアルミニウム合金、AZ91マグネシウム合
金等が挙げられる。所望により、更に耐熱性、耐
摩耗性の優れた合金例えばADT4などを使用して
もよい。 As light alloys that can be used for the FRM base material in the present invention, those that have been conventionally used for this type of purpose can be used. for example
Examples include AC4C aluminum alloy and AZ91 magnesium alloy. If desired, an alloy with excellent heat resistance and wear resistance, such as ADT4, may be used.
FRM部の形成方法としては例えば長繊維状の
強化繊維を同心円状に巻いた成形体、又は網目状
に配向させた成形体をシリンダヘツド用鋳型（シ
エル型）のバルブシート相当部に配置し、軽合金
を注湯して上記成形体に含浸させ、シリンダヘツ
ド本体と一体的に鋳造するのが好ましい。 A method for forming the FRM part is, for example, by placing a molded product made of long reinforcing fibers concentrically wound or oriented in a mesh pattern in a portion corresponding to the valve seat of a cylinder head mold (shell type). Preferably, the molded body is impregnated with a light alloy and then cast integrally with the cylinder head body.
又、別の方法としては短繊維状の強化繊維を適
当な結合剤を用いて所定形状に成形し、例えば
Al合金又はMg合金を用いるダイカスト鋳造によ
り環状のFRM部材を製造した後、前記方法と同
様にしてシリンダ本体に鋳込む方法が挙げられ
る。 Another method is to mold short reinforcing fibers into a predetermined shape using a suitable binder, for example.
One method is to manufacture an annular FRM member by die casting using an Al alloy or a Mg alloy, and then cast it into a cylinder body in the same manner as the above method.
バルブ当り面部に形成する耐摩耗性被覆層に用
いる材料としては、比較的低温のインテーク側バ
ルブ当り面部には、Al合金又はMg合金を基材と
する耐摩耗性被覆材を使用する。この耐摩耗性被
覆材は通常のFe系合金などに比べて耐熱性に劣
るものの熱伝導性が良く、且つバルブシート相当
部を構成するAl合金又はMg合金FRMとの接合
性が良いという特長を有している。温度条件の厳
しいインテーク側バルブ当り面部には、Al合金
又はMg合金以外の合金を含む前記耐摩耗性被覆
材、例えばAl合金又はMg合金に加えてFe、Ni、
Co及びCu基材合金のうちのいずれか１種を所定
比率で含むAl合金又はMg合金を基材とする耐摩
耗性被覆材を使用して耐摩耗性被覆層を形成する
ことが好ましい。他方、温度の高いエキーゾース
ト側バルブ当り面部には、Fe、Ni、Co及びCu基
材合金のうちのいずれか１種よりなる耐摩耗性被
覆材を使用して耐摩耗性被覆層を形成する。耐摩
耗性被覆層の厚さは、合金の種類や使用条件を考
慮して適宜選択する。 As for the material used for the wear-resistant coating layer formed on the valve contact surface, a wear-resistant coating material based on Al alloy or Mg alloy is used for the intake valve contact surface, which is relatively low temperature. Although this wear-resistant coating material has inferior heat resistance compared to ordinary Fe-based alloys, it has good thermal conductivity and has good bonding properties with the Al alloy or Mg alloy FRM that constitutes the valve seat portion. have. The abrasion-resistant coating material containing an alloy other than Al alloy or Mg alloy, for example, Fe, Ni, or
It is preferable to form the wear-resistant coating layer using a wear-resistant coating material based on an Al alloy or a Mg alloy containing any one of Co and Cu-based alloys in a predetermined ratio. On the other hand, a wear-resistant coating layer is formed on the high-temperature exhaust side valve contact surface using a wear-resistant coating material made of any one of Fe, Ni, Co, and Cu-based alloys. The thickness of the wear-resistant coating layer is appropriately selected in consideration of the type of alloy and usage conditions.
以下の実施例において本発明を更に詳細に説明
する。なお、本発明は下記実施例に限定されるも
のではない。
The invention will be explained in further detail in the following examples. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
実施例 １
第１図は本発明のシリンダヘツド１の一実施例
を示す。図中、２はアルミナ−シリカ系長繊維強
化金属体、３はステンレス鋼長繊維強化金属体、
４は耐摩耗性被覆層、５はバルブ当り面部であ
る。製造方法を以下に述べる。始めに、平均径
20μｍのアルミナ−シリカ系（Al2O3−５重量％
SiO2）長繊維と平均径50μｍのステンレス鋼
（SUS）長繊維を同心円状に束ねて各々環状体６
及び７に成形し、２段に積み重ねて第２図に示す
繊維成形体８とした後、シリンダヘツド用鋳型の
インテーク及びエキゾーストバルブシート部にア
ルミナ−シリカ系長繊維６をバルブシート当り面
側に向けて配置し、Al合金（AC4C）の溶湯を用
いて吸引鋳造して、バルブシート部をアルミナ−
シリカ系長繊維６及びステンレス鋼長繊維７を
各々体積率15％及び20％で含むFRMとし、次い
で熱処理及び機械加工を施して第３図に示すシリ
ンダヘツド粗材９を得た。Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a cylinder head 1 of the present invention. In the figure, 2 is an alumina-silica long fiber reinforced metal body, 3 is a stainless steel long fiber reinforced metal body,
4 is a wear-resistant coating layer, and 5 is a valve contact surface. The manufacturing method will be described below. First, the average diameter
20 μm alumina-silica (Al 2 O 3 -5% by weight
SiO 2 ) Long fibers and stainless steel (SUS) long fibers with an average diameter of 50 μm are bundled concentrically to form annular bodies 6
and 7 and stacked in two stages to form the fiber molded body 8 shown in Fig. 2. After that, alumina-silica long fibers 6 were placed on the intake and exhaust valve seat portions of the cylinder head mold on the side facing the valve seat. The valve seat is made of alumina by suction casting using molten Al alloy (AC 4 C).
An FRM containing silica-based long fibers 6 and stainless steel long fibers 7 at a volume percentage of 15% and 20%, respectively, was then heat-treated and machined to obtain a cylinder head rough material 9 shown in FIG. 3.
次にシリンダヘツド粗材９のアルミナ−シリカ
系長繊維強化金属２のインテーク側バルブ当り面
部に耐摩耗性被覆材として重量比でAl−17％Si
−4.5％Cu（以下％は重量％）よりなる合金粉末を
基材とし、これにCo基材の金属間化合物粉末Co
−30％Mo−８％Cr−２％Siを２％添加混合して
なるペーストを所定量塗布した後レーザービーム
により局部加熱して半溶融状態で液相焼結し、エ
アブローで急冷して第１図に示す耐摩耗性被覆層
４を形成した。又、エキゾースト側バルブ当り面
部にCo−10％Cr−５％Ｗ−１％Mo−0.5％、Ｖ
−1.5％Ｃからなる粉末のペーストを用いて同様
の方法で耐摩耗性被覆層４を形成した。次いで機
械加工により耐摩耗性被覆層４上にバルブ当り面
部５を形成して本発明のシリンダヘツド１を得
た。 Next, the alumina-silica-based long fiber reinforced metal 2 of the cylinder head rough material 9 was coated with Al-17%Si by weight as a wear-resistant coating on the intake-side valve contact surface.
An alloy powder consisting of −4.5% Cu (hereinafter % is weight %) is used as a base material, and an intermetallic compound powder Co
After applying a predetermined amount of paste made by adding and mixing 2% of -30% Mo, 8% Cr, and 2% Si, it is locally heated with a laser beam to perform liquid phase sintering in a semi-molten state, and then quenched with air blow. A wear-resistant coating layer 4 shown in FIG. 1 was formed. Also, Co-10% Cr-5% W-1% Mo-0.5%, V on the exhaust side valve contact surface.
A wear-resistant coating layer 4 was formed in the same manner using a powder paste containing -1.5% C. Next, a valve contact surface 5 was formed on the wear-resistant coating layer 4 by machining to obtain the cylinder head 1 of the present invention.
実施例 ２
実施例１で用いたアルミナ−シリカ系長繊維６
を用いて体積率の異なる３種の環状体１０，１
１，１２を成形し、３段に積み重ねて第４図に示
す繊維成形体８を得た。繊維成形体８の体積率は
バルブ当り面部に近い方からインテーク側は各々
15％、11％、７％、エキーゾースト側は各々20
％、15％、10％である。次いで、実施例１と同様
にして第５図に示すシリンダヘツド１′を得た。
第５図はインテーク側を示し、図中、１３は体積
率15％、１４は体積率11％、１５は体積率７％の
アルミナ−シリカ系長繊維強化金属体である。Example 2 Alumina-silica long fiber 6 used in Example 1
Three types of annular bodies with different volume fractions 10,1
1 and 12 were molded and stacked in three tiers to obtain a fiber molded body 8 shown in FIG. The volume ratio of the fiber molded body 8 varies from the side closer to the valve contact surface to the intake side.
15%, 11%, 7%, 20 each on the exhaust side
%, 15%, and 10%. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, a cylinder head 1' shown in FIG. 5 was obtained.
FIG. 5 shows the intake side, and in the figure, numeral 13 is an alumina-silica long fiber reinforced metal body having a volume fraction of 15%, 14 a volume fraction of 11%, and 15 a volume fraction of 7%.
上述のように本発明のシリンダヘツドはバルブ
シート相当部を繊維強化金属体で形成するにあた
り、該繊維の性状を段階的又は連続的に変化させ
て形成し、且つバルブ当り面部に、使用時のイン
テーク側とエキーゾースト側との条件の相違を考
慮して最適に耐摩耗性被覆層が形成されているた
め、当り面基材部の高温強度、剛性を高め、又、
熱膨張を抑制し、バルブシート周辺の熱歪を減少
させ当り面部位の耐摩耗性被覆材の接合強度を向
上させて該被覆材の剥離を防止することができ
る。更に、インテーク側バルブ当り面部及びエキ
ーゾースト側バルブ当り面部に形成された耐摩耗
性被覆層は組成が均一なので、耐摩耗性被覆層が
健在な間は耐摩耗特性は一定であり、それ故、耐
摩耗性被覆層の摩損に伴う耐摩耗特性の変化がな
く、安定した耐摩耗特性が得られる。また、バル
ブシート部の熱伝導性が良くなるため、バルブシ
ートの温度が低下し、バルブシート部の高温強
度、硬さ、耐摩耗性、耐食性等に余裕ができバル
ブ径を大きく設計できるため、更に高負荷に耐
え、高性能化が容易となる。又は、耐摩耗性被覆
材に低コスト材を用いることもできる。又、相手
のバルブの熱もバルブシートを通してよく冷却さ
れるためバルブ温度が低下し、バルブの高温強
度、硬さ、耐摩耗性、耐食性等にも余裕ができ、
バルブシート同様に低コスト化又は高性能化が容
易となる。
As mentioned above, in the cylinder head of the present invention, when forming the valve seat equivalent part from a fiber-reinforced metal body, the properties of the fibers are changed stepwise or continuously. The wear-resistant coating layer is optimally formed taking into account the differences in conditions between the intake side and the exhaust side, increasing the high-temperature strength and rigidity of the contact surface base material, and
Thermal expansion can be suppressed, thermal strain around the valve seat can be reduced, and the bonding strength of the wear-resistant coating material on the contact surface can be improved, thereby preventing peeling of the coating material. Furthermore, since the wear-resistant coating layer formed on the intake-side valve contact surface and the exhaust-side valve contact surface has a uniform composition, the wear-resistant properties remain constant as long as the wear-resistant coating layer is in good condition. There is no change in wear resistance due to abrasion of the abrasive coating layer, and stable wear resistance can be obtained. In addition, since the thermal conductivity of the valve seat part improves, the temperature of the valve seat decreases, and the valve seat part has margins in high temperature strength, hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., and the valve diameter can be designed larger. Furthermore, it can withstand high loads and can easily improve performance. Alternatively, lower cost materials can be used for the wear resistant coating. In addition, the heat of the other valve is well cooled through the valve seat, which lowers the valve temperature and increases the valve's high-temperature strength, hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.
As with valve seats, it is easy to reduce costs or improve performance.
更に、シリンダヘツドのバルブシート周辺の肉
厚を薄くすることができ、軽量化につながるとと
もに、冷却水による冷却効果が高まり、高性能化
が容易となるほか、冷却水を削減でき、軽量化と
暖気ウオーミングアツプ時間の短縮につながる。 Furthermore, the wall thickness around the valve seat of the cylinder head can be reduced, leading to weight reduction, and the cooling effect of cooling water is increased, making it easier to improve performance. This leads to a reduction in warm-up time.
更に、本発明は、バルブシートリングの部品点
数を削減することができ、バルブシートリングの
圧入の必要がないのでそのためのシリンダヘツド
下穴及びシートリング単体の高精度加工等も必要
なくなつた。 Furthermore, the present invention can reduce the number of parts for the valve seat ring, and since there is no need to press-fit the valve seat ring, there is no need for high-precision machining of the cylinder head prepared hole and the seat ring alone.
又、強化繊維の性状を段階的又は連続的に変化
させるため種々の変形が可能であり、要求特性の
変化にも迅速に対応することができる等の種々の
効果を奏する。 Further, since the properties of the reinforcing fibers are changed stepwise or continuously, various deformations are possible, and various effects such as being able to quickly respond to changes in required properties are achieved.
第１図は本発明のシリンダヘツドの一実施例の
部分断面図、第２図は第１図のシリンダヘツドの
製造に用いた繊維成形体の斜視図、第３図は第１
図のシリンダヘツドの耐摩耗性被覆層形成前の状
態を示す部分断面図、第４図は繊維成形体の別の
例を示す斜視図、第５図は本発明のシリンダヘツ
ドの別の実施例の部分断面図である。
図中、１，１′……シリンダヘツド、２……ア
ルミナ−シリカ系長繊維強化金属体、３……ステ
ンレス鋼長繊維強化金属体、４……耐摩耗性被覆
層、５……バルブ当り面部、６，７，１０，１
１，１２……環状体、８……繊維成形体、９……
シリンダヘツド粗材、１３，１４，１５……各々
体積率15％、11％、７％のアルミナ−シリカ系長
繊維強化金属体。
FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of one embodiment of the cylinder head of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fiber molded product used in manufacturing the cylinder head of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another example of the fiber molded product; FIG. 5 is another embodiment of the cylinder head of the present invention. FIG. In the figure, 1, 1'... Cylinder head, 2... Alumina-silica long fiber reinforced metal body, 3... Stainless steel long fiber reinforced metal body, 4... Wear-resistant coating layer, 5... Per valve. Surface part, 6, 7, 10, 1
1, 12... annular body, 8... fiber molded body, 9...
Cylinder head rough material, 13, 14, 15... Alumina-silica long fiber reinforced metal bodies with volume percentages of 15%, 11%, and 7%, respectively.
Claims (1)
ツドのバルブシート相当部を、該相当部の使用時
の温度又は応力の分布に応じて強化繊維の種類、
サイズ、体積率、配向等の性状を段階的又は連続
的に変化させた繊維強化金属体とし、且つ該繊維
強化金属体上のバルブ当り面部に耐摩耗性被覆層
が形成されており、 インテーク側バルブ当り面部の前記摩耗性被覆
層は、Al合金又はMg合金を基材としてなる均一
な組成であり、 エキーゾースト側バルブ当り面部の前記摩耗性
被覆層は、Fe、Ni、Co及びCu基材合金のうちの
いずれか１種よりなる均一な組成であることを特
徴とするシリンダヘツド。 ２ 繊維強化金属体が、強化繊維の成形体をバル
ブシート相当部に配置し、注湯してシリンダヘツ
ドと一体的に鋳造されてなることを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１項記載のシリンダヘツド。 ３ 繊維強化金属体が、別体として製造された繊
維強化金属体をバルブシート相当部に配置し、注
湯してシリンダヘツドに一体的に鋳込まれてなる
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のシ
リンダヘツド。[Scope of Claims] 1. A portion corresponding to the valve seat of a cylinder head made of Al alloy or Mg alloy of an internal combustion engine is treated with the type of reinforcing fiber, depending on the temperature or stress distribution when the corresponding portion is used.
It is a fiber-reinforced metal body whose properties such as size, volume ratio, and orientation are changed stepwise or continuously, and a wear-resistant coating layer is formed on the valve contact surface on the fiber-reinforced metal body, and the intake side The abrasive coating layer on the valve contact surface has a uniform composition based on Al alloy or Mg alloy, and the abrasive coating layer on the valve contact surface on the exhaust side has a base alloy of Fe, Ni, Co, and Cu. A cylinder head characterized by having a uniform composition consisting of any one of the following. 2. The cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the fiber-reinforced metal body is formed by placing a molded body of reinforcing fibers in a portion corresponding to the valve seat, pouring hot water into the cylinder head, and casting the body integrally with the cylinder head. Head. 3. Claims characterized in that the fiber-reinforced metal body is formed by placing a separately manufactured fiber-reinforced metal body in a portion corresponding to the valve seat, pouring hot water into the cylinder head, and integrally casting the fiber-reinforced metal body into the cylinder head. Cylinder head according to item 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1896385A JPS61178506A (en) | 1985-02-02 | 1985-02-02 | Cylinder head |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1896385A JPS61178506A (en) | 1985-02-02 | 1985-02-02 | Cylinder head |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61178506A JPS61178506A (en) | 1986-08-11 |
| JPH0551041B2 true JPH0551041B2 (en) | 1993-07-30 |
Family
ID=11986301
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1896385A Granted JPS61178506A (en) | 1985-02-02 | 1985-02-02 | Cylinder head |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61178506A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5776214A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-05-13 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Exhaust valve of diesel engine and manufacture therefor |
| JPS59224409A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1984-12-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | Cylinder head of internal-combustion engine |
-
1985
- 1985-02-02 JP JP1896385A patent/JPS61178506A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5776214A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-05-13 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Exhaust valve of diesel engine and manufacture therefor |
| JPS59224409A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1984-12-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | Cylinder head of internal-combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61178506A (en) | 1986-08-11 |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |