JPH05509251A - Transparent film radiant heat source - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Transparent film radiant heat source Background of the invention field of invention TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates generally to the treatment of newborn infants, and more particularly to the treatment of newborn infants in neonatal incubators. Used with a neonatal incubator or neonatal nursery to provide radiant heat to newborns undergoing treatment. This invention relates to an optically transparent radiant heat source that is used by being incorporated into a device.

Description of related technology To maintain the newborn's body temperature and promote its growth, it is used to protect weak newborns, sickly newborns, and premature births. Neonatal incubators are used to treat and care for infants or premature infants who are underweight at birth. is used. Newborns lose heat in four ways: evaporation, convection, conduction, and radiation. . The heat lost by conduction in newborns is usually considered to be so small that it can be omitted. child This means that the pinerests that newborn babies are placed on are generally made with excellent thermal insulation. This is because the net heat loss due to thermal conduction is small. Also, heat loss due to evaporation is the temperature difference between the incubator air temperature and the newborn's skin temperature, and the relative temperature of the incubator air. Determined by humidity and the speed of air passing the newborn's skin. Heat loss due to evaporation This is often related to less noticeable water loss, and may be due to the airflow characteristics of the incubator. In addition to controlling the temperature and air temperature of the incubator, it also adds humidity to the air in the incubator. Therefore, heat loss due to evaporation can be controlled. Heat loss due to convection is also It is a function of the temperature difference between the air temperature of the vessel and the temperature of the newborn's skin. Heat loss due to radiation , that is, radiant heat loss is the relationship between the temperature of the newborn's skin and the temperature of the walls of the incubator. It is a number. Steaming is performed on the first day when the newborn is born very early and the birth weight is very low. heat loss (inadvertent water loss) due to This is usually radiant heat loss or primary heat loss.

The amount of heat loss from the causes mentioned above depends on the design of the incubator and the newborn's metabolism. Therefore, it is determined. The desired goal of an incubator atmosphere control system is to maintain a favorable body temperature. heat so as to maintain it at a level that does not constrain the new metabolism of ljv. This method does not restrict the newborn's metabolism, as it provides an ideal environment for newborns. The condition is achieved when maintaining the temperature of the newborn's skin within the required normal range.

radiant heat from the newborn by minimizing radiant heat loss through the walls of the incubator. Heat loss can be reduced. This is the main source of radiant heat loss in the incubator. The cause is the low temperature walls of the incubator. Radiant heat loss through the walls of the incubator Minimization can be achieved in one of two ways. First of all In order to minimize the temperature difference between the newborn and the walls of the incubator, increase the temperature of the walls of the incubator. It is to be. Second, radiant heat is applied to the newborn through the walls of the incubator. balances the heat gained from the radiant heat source with the radiant heat lost by the newborn. That is.

Therefore, heating with radiant heat and applying radiant heat energy to the newborn are being done. Ru. In one example, the protection disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,858,570 to Beld et al. Like an incubator, wires are embedded in the hood of the incubator to provide energy to the newborn. I try to radiate it. However, this configuration does not transmit wires or X-rays, and There is a drawback that it hinders observation of newborns. Other incubators include rice incubators such as Levin. Plastic coated with conductive material as shown in Japanese Patent No. 3878361 Equipped with stick feet. The coaching used so far is not colorless. , the coating used is generally yellow colored. crystallinity of this color pigmentation), making visual diagnosis of cyanosis even more difficult. I have to.

Summary of the invention A preferred embodiment of the invention incorporates a radiant heat source into the incubator overlay. This way The present invention can be put into use in an incubator in this way, and the incubator overlay can be can be freely moved from one incubator to another. This overlay A strong transparent plastic sheet shaped to be able to rest on the nursery hood, and a transparent surface. and a coating of transparent plastic material with a conductive coating. conductive cochin This coating, which has a coating, when the overlay is rested on the incubator 2-1, the sheet of rigid transparent plastic facing the board. Also , this overlay consists of a set of conductors electrically and mechanically connected to the transparent conductive coating. Equipped with an electric unit. These conductive units have a free end that can be connected to a power source. has.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, a radiant heat source is incorporated into the incubator hood. This convergence When incorporated into the incubator hood, the radiant heat source can be integrated with the radiant heat source in the incubator hood overlay. They are in almost the same condition.

Preferably, the conductive coating used in the present invention is comprised of indium tin oxide. This conductive coating is color-neutral, i.e., colorless, and is sensitive to phototherapy wavelengths. It is transparent to light and also to X-rays. Due to this radiant heat, the wall Because of the warmer weather, it is possible to maintain high humidity within the incubator, resulting in Significantly reduce condensation forming on the walls and rain-like conditions from the walls of the incubator I can do it.

One structure of the present invention that is applicable to both incubator hood overlays and incubator hoods. is a strong transparent plastic that is the overlay or primary component of the incubator hood. Bonding the conductive coating to the sheet. Incubator hood overlay and incubator hood In another structure of the present invention that can be applied to both the first rigid transparent plastic sheet and A conductive coat is placed on a second rigid transparent plastic sheet that is spaced apart and serves as a layer of protective material. the plastic sheeting to form an air gap between the two plastic sheets.

These two plastic sheet configurations make electrical energy more efficient. It serves as a double wall to help retain heat, reducing the surface temperature exposed to the operator. Reduce degree.

In an application comprising the present invention, a conductive coating is applied directly to a transparent plastic sheet. This allows the use of transparent plastic coatings to be omitted. can.

In another aspect of the invention, the temperature of the radiant heat source is relative to the temperature of the air within the incubator hood. Try to maintain it in contrast. This radiant heat source's conductive coating is powered and turned on. - Maintain barley temperature or hood temperature at a preset level. This advance The set temperature level is selected for the desired temperature of the air in the hood. However, the overlay temperature or hood temperature has nothing to do with controlling the air temperature inside the hood. It is a relationship.

Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the radiant heat source of the present invention incorporated into an incubator hood overlay. FIG.

The second part is a partial cross-sectional view of the radiant heat source of the present invention in which the protective layer is made of acrylic resin. Ru.

Figure 3 shows a radiant heat source of the present invention in which the protective layer is a self-adhesive, wear-resistant coating. FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the radiant heat source of the present invention incorporated into an overlay of an incubator hood. FIG.

Figure 5 shows the protective layer made of acrylic resin and separated from the strong plastic sheet. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the radiant heat source of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the radiant heat source of the present invention incorporated into the hood of an incubator. be.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a portion of the radiant heat source of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a drawing device that controls the radiant heat source of the present invention and the heater in the incubator. FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 1 to 5, a radiant heat source for an incubator foot constructed according to the present invention is shown. -The valley is a strong transparent plastic sheet shaped to rest on the incubator foot. 10. Figure 4 shows an overlay stationary on the incubator hood 12. An example is shown. Plastic sheet lO can be made from acrylic resin, as shown in Figure 1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and a horizontal portion 18 between the inclined portion 16. If the incubator hood has other shapes To do this, shape the plastic sheet IO accordingly.

As shown in FIG. 2, the radiant heat source overlay is a transparent plastic material coating 20. has. A transparent conductive coating 22 is provided on the surface of this film 20. The coating 20 is , polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, or other optically transparent material. Constructed from clear plastic material. The conductive coating 22 is optically transparent and colorless. It is preferable to use indium tin oxide, which is transparent to X-rays and optical therapy.

Coating 20 with conductive coating 22 is applied to selected surfaces of plastic sheet lO. Extends over the area. Selected surface areas of this plastic sheet 10 are - This is the side that faces the incubator hood when the barley is placed on the incubator hood. Shown in Figure 2. In this configuration, the conductive coating 22 is located between the plastic sheath 10 and the coating 20. located on the adhesive layer 24 between the plastic sheet 10 and the conductive coating 22. The conductive coating 22 is thus bonded to the plastic sheet 10. Shown in Figure 1. In the case of a radiant heat source overlay, a conductive coach is provided on both the sloped portion 16 and the horizontal portion 18. A coating 20 with rings 22 can be provided.

Coating 20 and conductive coating 22 are delicate and easily scratched and marked. , a protection extending on the surface of the coating 20 opposite the surface having the conductive coating 22. A protective layer 26 of material may also be provided. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. The protective layer 26 is made of a strong transparent plastic sheet, and the adhesive layer 28 is made of a container hood. It is a partial plan view. As shown in FIG. A set of conductor units consisting of 6 is provided in such a part. Each bus dedicated 44 extending along the edge of the conductive coating 22 and electrically and mechanically connecting the conductive coating Attach. Extend each lead wire 46 from one end of the bus rod and connect the free end to the power source. make it possible to do so. Bass 44 has high conductivity, low resistance, and conductive coating 2 2. Sends power to 2. Lead wires 46 are attached to both ends of conductive coating 22. As an example is shown in FIG. It is most preferable to attach it to a corner. All of the bath offering 44 and conductive coaching 22 Due to power loss along the length, along the line between the connection of the lead wire 46 to the bus stud 44. , maximum radiation occurs. As one moves away from this line, the radiation output decreases.

Therefore, a curve of constant width ray output is produced. Such a constant width ray output curve is It is indicated by reference numeral 48 in the figure. The radiation output outside this curve is the radiation output inside this curve. Less than line power. This radiation gradient is applied to both corners of the rectangular conductive coating. This can be minimized by installing a power line. It looks like this If you do this, you will get a longer, larger curve, and therefore one end of the rectangular conductive coating. a more uniform pattern of radiation than would result from placing both leads in the It causes a sound.

As mentioned above, the radiant heat source of the present invention is not a single larger radiant heat source, but a smaller radiant heat source. Multiple radiant heat sources can be arranged. The reason is that multiple radiant heat sources Among other reasons, it is advantageous to use overlays or incubator hoods with double wall units. When arranging the This is because it is easier to manufacture a radiant heater consisting of multiple parts. Also , safety and control considerations have increased the use of multi-part radiant heaters. It will be possible.

In making the single wall overlay, or hood, of the present invention, the indium The tin oxide coating 22 is applied by standard coating processes used for this material. The polyester coating 20 is then coated. This coated film is applied to the acrylic resin. It is bonded to a flat sheet 10 made of oil. Then heat this acrylic sheet and bend it In this case, the acrylic sheet 1 is used to form an overlay structure or an incubator hood structure. Heat only the part to be curved. Cover the entire sheet with one radiant heater Assuming that the area required to heat the acrylic sheet for bending is This includes areas covered by radiant heaters. heat such areas When this happens, gas is generated in the adhesive that binds the radiant heater to the acrylic sheet, causing it to bubble. There is a tendency. In this case, the optical properties of the conductive coating against radiation, and will have an adverse effect on conductivity. Therefore, the curved section of the acrylic sheet The area shall not be covered by radiant heater components.

Alternatively, the acrylic sheet can be bent into an overlay or hood and then exposed to radiation. A heater can be added. Even in this case, the radiant heater is preferably installed in a separate unit. The layers should be divided into smaller units. This makes it difficult to curve the coating 20 uniformly. This is because it is difficult. In general, even with other considerations, the smaller the radiant heat This is preferable to large radiant heaters.

The configuration of conductive coating 22 is determined by the assembly of the radiant heat source of the present invention. . Immediately provide physical protection for conductive coatings and protection against chemical attack. To establish, the top transparent sort in double-walled embodiments, or the bottom transparent sheet Bonding conductive coating. This means that the conductive coating can be used as a transparent coating for newborn babies. or a transparent coating can be placed between the conductive coating and the neonate. This shows that it is possible to

The conductive coating 20 can be added directly to the acrylic sheet IO; If so, treatment will be expensive. If you add it directly, you may not get good results, but it costs money. , the conductive coating 22 is added to the polyester coating 20 as mentioned at the outset, and then Preferably, this coated film is bonded to an acrylic sheet. If the guide When applying the electrical coating directly to the acrylic sheet, the adhesive layer 24 and the polyester The coating 20 can be omitted.

The second reason for arranging this radiant heat source as two or more parts is that The resistance between the bus rods, i.e. the voltage required to energize the radiant heater, depends on the distance between the bus rods. It is a direct change. Therefore, the larger the radiant heater, the more The voltage becomes higher. For general safety considerations, the voltage should be kept as low as possible. It is desirable to use multiple smaller radiant heaters instead of one large radiant heater. It is preferable to use different types of radiant heaters.

Also, by using multiple smaller separate radiant heaters, separate Each radiant heater with a conductor unit can be controlled separately. Furthermore, one By arranging the radiant heater as multiple small separate radiant heaters, By blocking the area around the access opening (brachial hole) 50 for inserting the hand into the interior. Wear. Such an access opening is provided in the hood and - This allows access to the newborn baby without having to remove the head.

FIG. 8 shows how the radiant heat source constructed according to the present invention is assembled into the hood of the incubator itself. or any assembly assembled into an overlay that allows it to rest on the hood of the incubator. A block that shows how to control the temperature inside the incubator hood, even if It is a line diagram. For controlling radiant heat sources, this control system uses transparent sheets of means 52 for providing a first signal representative of the temperature. Such means 52 include , a ladder network, or a conventional temperature setting circuit consisting of a potentiometer unit. will be established. This control system detects the temperature of the transparent sheet IO, and Means 54 are provided for providing a second signal representing a temperature of zero. Also, such means 54 has a thermometer of conventional construction and operation, designated by the numeral 56 in FIGS. 1 and 6. can be provided. When this radiant heat source is incorporated into a double wall structure, this thermometer can be It can be installed between double walls in contact with an outer transparent sheet.

Additionally, a first power source 58 is provided in the control system to provide power to the conductive coating 22. The conductive coating 22 heats the transparent sheet 10. This power supply 5 8 may be used as a normal incubator power supply.

The amount of power supplied to conductive footing 22 by power supply 58 is determined by means 60. controlled, the means 60 receives a first signal representative of the desired transparent sheet temperature and an actual temperature. and a second signal representative of the actual transparent sheet temperature. Means 60 typically includes differential amplification. This differential amplifier produces an output representing the difference between the desired temperature and the actual temperature. and use this output to heat the transparent sheet to the desired temperature. Regulate the amount of electricity required.

The control system in Figure 8 controls the temperature of the air circulating from the base into the hood. . The configuration shown in Figure 8 that performs this function is quite standard for commercially available incubators. The desired temperature of the newborn's skin in the hood or the temperature of the air in the hood. It has means 62 for providing a third signal representative of the desired temperature. Such means 62 The temperature setting usually consists of a ladder network or a potentiometer unit. Set up a circuit. This circuit includes means 64 for setting the temperature of the skin and the temperature of the air. means 66 for setting. The switch 68 basically controls the air temperature. This will help you choose between these two temperatures.

This control system also includes the actual temperature of the newborn's skin in the hood and the temperature inside the hood. Detects the actual temperature of the air and displays the actual temperature of the skin or the actual temperature of the air. means 70 for providing a fourth signal. Such means 70 include normal skin Temperature probe 72, normal thermometer 74, and output from the skin temperature probe and thermometer and a switch 76 for selecting.

Additionally, this control system includes an air heater 80 typically located at the base of the incubator. A second power source 78 is provided to supply power to the.

This second power source 78 may be a normal incubator power source. In addition, the air heater 80 is It may have a conventional structure and operation.

The amount of power supplied to air heater 80 by power supply 78 is controlled by means 82. This means 82 may indicate the desired skin temperature or the desired air temperature. and a fourth signal representing the actual skin temperature or the actual air temperature. move. This means 82 typically comprises a differential amplifier, which differential amplifier is selected from An output representing the difference between the desired temperature of the parameter and the actual temperature of the selected parameter. By generating power and using this output to reach the desired air temperature or The amount of power required to heat air to a level sufficient to achieve the desired skin temperature to regulate.

Either control the radiant heat source and air heater separately, or control the radiant heat source and air heater separately. It is necessary to consider the settings of the control parameters for both and at the same time. for example, To prevent newborn babies from being adversely affected by the heat radiated from the radiant heater. Therefore, the set point of the radiant heater should not be set too high. Control shown in Figure 8 In terms of system configuration, radiant heaters are used to monitor the temperature of the newborn's skin or the temperature inside the hood. is not controlled by the air temperature and therefore the parameters monitored are radiation Do not raise the temperature of the radiant heater too high because it is not affected by the power supplied to the heater. It should be remembered that setting too low may have a negative effect on the newborn.

Experimental result rsolette Model, cloo (Isolette is Air-3 Radiant heat overlay that helps retain heat within the shields, Inc. Two sets of tests were conducted to determine the effectiveness of. 1 sole without radiant heat heater The results of this test were compared to experiments using single-wall incubators and double-wall incubators. compared.

The first set of tests was conducted at an ambient temperature of 20'C. This temperature is a reasonable extreme. This temperature was selected because it is the temperature that helps produce quantitative and easily understandable results. It was. Furthermore, the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the incubator temperature may result from the effects of high humidity in the incubator. To observe the effect of radiant heaters as a determining factor in reducing dew temperature, The temperature difference between degrees and the incubator temperature was used. Each incubator has an internal air temperature of 37°C. I set it so that Case A is a single wall incubator, case B is a double wall incubator, case A is a single wall incubator using a radiant heat heater overlay.

An SMA Vl simulator is installed inside each incubator to measure the surface temperature and center temperature. did. Air temperature at the level of the pine tress was measured at five points around the pine tress. . During the test, the pine tress was tilted to achieve the Fowler position and the Tremp position. The radiant heating effect between the Trendelenberg position and the revealed. (Here, the Fowler position is the position where the newborn's head is raised above the feet.) Yes, the Tremplenbark position is the position of the feet raised above the head. ) of these The test results are shown in Table 1.

humidity As a result of the test, the temperature uniformity of the pine tress was 0°3°C in case B, and 0°3°C in case 8. Case C has a temperature of 0.2°C compared to 0.4°C, which means that it is not a heater. pine tress in incubators with radiant heater overlays Excellent temperature uniformity. The desired value for the temperature uniformity of pine tress is 0. ．． 5℃, and the incubators in these three cases are considered to have an even temperature of the pine tress. Satisfying oneness. For cases A, B, and C, the The temperature uniformity of the pine tress is 06°C, 1,1°C and 10,3°C, respectively. Met. In addition, for cases A, B, and C, the pine tress at the Fowler position The temperature uniformity was 0.4°C, 1.4°C, and 12°C, respectively.

Therefore, only the incubator equipped with a radiant heat heater (Case C) is comparable to Tremplain Bark. Tests at the Fowler location gave satisfactory results; Also, in the pine tress temperature uniformity test, Case C incubator was superior to other incubators. Obviously we are getting good results.

Single wall Double wall Single wall With heater Pine tress level Center pine tress 37. I″C36,7℃ 37.2℃Uniformity 0.4℃00 3°C 0.2°C SAMV [Skin 34.9°C 36.1”C37,4°C SAM Vr Center 34.7℃ 35.6℃ 37.3℃ Fowler position Center pine tress 36.6°C 36.2°C 37.6°C Uniformity 0.4°C 1 ．． 4℃　0.2℃　5AM　Vl　Skin　34.7℃　35.3℃　37.7℃ SAM Vl Center 34.7℃ 35.7℃ 37.5℃ Treprene bar position Center pine tress 35.3°C 34,1'C37,3°C Uniformity 0.6°C 1 ．． 1°CO 13°C SAM Vr Skin 34.4°C 35.1°C 37.7°C 3AM Vl center 34.2°C35,2°C37,7°C humidity observation Relative humidity 80% Inner surface area Corner, right corner, extreme side, top) Condensation , main Condensation on the panel Heavy rain condition: dew, corner: light condensation Nearby rainfall Test conditions Set point 37°C Ambient temperature Average 20.1℃ Test unit [5olette C100, :7-de heater (case C) 4 Contains three separate heaters of 100 ohm/in2 with a surface temperature set point of 6.5°C. overlay to SAM Vl simulation of surface-to-mass ratio corresponding to I Kg neonate For Cases A and B, the skin temperature of SAM Vl and The core temperature did not reach the set temperature of 37°C. On the other hand, in case C, The skin temperature of SAM Vl reached 37°C in almost 5 hours, and during SAM Vl (7) Core temperature reached 37°C in 6 hours and 24 minutes. And after reaching this set temperature The skin temperature and core temperature of SAM Vl fluctuated above and below the set temperature. child This indicates that thermal equilibrium has been reached.

At 80% relative humidity, case A (single wall incubator) has severe This resulted in dew condensation and heavy rain conditions. In Case B (double-walled incubator), the corners and top hood There was heavy condensation and rain near the corners of the hood. Case C (radiant heat of the present invention) (single-wall incubators with heater overlays) may have noticeable condensation in the corners of the hood. This caused light condensation on the main panel, but no rain conditions occurred in the incubator. follow Case C was very good.

The conditions for the second set of tests were the same as those for the first set of tests, except that the ambient temperature was 3 pC. are the same. The test results for the second set are summarized in Table 2, so they will not be explained again. Essential Generally speaking, the results of the second set of tests show the same trend as the conditions of the first set of tests. The difference is that in the second set of test conditions, the strict conditions were relaxed, so the difference between the incubators was This means that the difference in results has become smaller. Therefore, radiant heat heater overlay An incubator with an overlay is significantly superior to an incubator without an overlay.

Table 2 Case A Case B Case C Single wall Double wall Single wall Center pine tress 36.4°C 36.4°C 37.0°C Uniformity 0.3°C 0 ．． 3°CO01°C SAM V [skin 35.5°C 36.1°C37,5°C3 AM V [Center 35.2°C 35.9°C 37.1°C Fowler position Center pine tress 35.5°C36,0°C 37. l″C uniformity 1.1″CO ,8℃　0.6℃SAM　V[Skin　34.8℃38,l″C3AM　VI Center 35.1”C37,8°C Tremplenbark position Center pine tress 35.4°C 35.3°C 37.2°C Uniformity 0.4°CO ,4°CO,6°C3AM　V[Skin　35.0°C38,1'C3AM　V[ Center: 35.0°C 38.0°C Humidity observation Relative humidity 80% Front spring side and front No condensation FIG, 2 FIG. 5 FIG. 6 abstract A radiant heat heater will be installed, but this radiant heat heater will be installed over the existing incubator hood. It can be in the form of a barre or integrated into the incubator hood.

Optically transparent, radio transparent, transparent to phototherapy, and electrically conductive A coating is provided on this heater. This coating is indium tin oxide is preferable.

International Investigation Report 11rT/IIC (N/11u% Rica United States Pennsylvania 18966 Southern Bouton Amil Circle 119

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In the radiant heat source overlay of the incubator hood, the The incubator hood is made of a strong transparent plastic sheet with a transparent conductive coating on its surface, and the radiant heat source is placed on the incubator hood. - when the valley is at rest, a coating of transparent plastic material extending over selected surface areas of said rigid transparent plastic sheet facing the incubator hood; 1. A radiant heat source overlay for an incubator hood, comprising a set of conductive units electrically and mechanically connected to said transparent conductive coating, the distal end being configured to be connected to a power source. 2. The radiant heat source overlay according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive coating is disposed between the rigid transparent plastic sheet and the coating of the transparent plastic material. stomach. 3. The opposite side of the transparent plastic material coating has the transparent conductive coating. A radiant heat source according to claim 2, further comprising a layer of protective material extending on the opposite side. Valley. 4. The radiant heat source overlay according to claim 1, wherein a coating of the transparent plastic material is disposed between the rigid transparent plastic sheet and the transparent conductive coating. stomach. 5. Claims further comprising a layer of protective material extending over the transparent conductive coating. Radiant heat source overlay as described in Box 4. 6. 4. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 3, wherein the transparent conductive coating is bonded to the rigid transparent plastic sheet by an adhesive layer between the rigid transparent plastic sheet and the transparent conductive coating. 7. by an adhesive layer between said layer of protective material and said transparent conductive coating. 6. The radiation of claim 5, wherein said transparent conductive coating is bonded to said layer of protective material. Heat source overlay. 8. 7. The radiant heat source overlay according to claim 6, wherein the layer of protective material is made of a strong transparent plastic sheet. 9. 8. The radiant heat source overlay according to claim 7, wherein the layer of protective material is made of a strong transparent plastic sheet. 10. 10. The radiant heat source overlay according to claim 9, wherein the rigid transparent plastic sheet is configured to be able to rest on an incubator, and the layer of transparent plastic material is spaced from the rigid transparent plastic sheet. 11. 7. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 6, wherein said layer of protective material comprises a transparent layer of silicon dioxide. 12. 7. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 6, wherein said transparent conductive coating is comprised of indium tin oxide. 13. 8. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 7, wherein the transparent conductive coating is comprised of indium tin oxide. 14. 11. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 10, wherein the transparent conductive coating is comprised of indium tin oxide. 15. The strong transparent plastic sheet includes (a) a vertical portion, (b) an inclined portion, and (c) a horizontal portion located between the vertical portion and the inclined portion and coupled to the transparent conductive coating. , the radiant heat source overlay comprises: (a) a transparent plastic sheet having a transparent conductive coating bonded to the surface of the sloped portion of the rigid transparent plastic sheet facing the incubator hood by a layer of adhesive; (b) a second set of conductive units electrically and mechanically connected to the transparent conductive coating of the second coating of transparent plastic material; and (c) a surface having the transparent conductive coating. and in front of the transparent plastic material on the opposite side a second layer of protective material extending over a surface of the second coating. Radiant heat source overlay 16. The strong transparent plastic sheet is located between (a) a vertical portion, (b) an inclined portion, and (c) the vertical portion and the inclined portion, and is covered with the transparent plastic material. a horizontal portion having a membrane extending thereon; the radiant heat source overlay: (a) having a transparent conductive coating thereon; The strong transparent plastic sheet facing the hood (b) a second set of transparent conductive coatings of the second coating of transparent plastic material electrically and mechanically connected to the transparent conductive coating of the second coating of transparent plastic material; and (c) said transparent conductive coating of said second coating of transparent material. 8. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 7, further comprising: a second layer of protective material bonded to said transparent conductive coating of said second coating of transparent material. 17. The conductive units each extend along an edge of the transparent conductive coating. and a lead wire extending from one end of the bus rod, and a set of the conductive units. 16. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 15, wherein said knitted bus bars extend along opposite edges of each associated transparent conductive coating. 18. Connect the lead wires of a set of conductive units to each associated transparent conductive coach. A radiant heat source according to claim 17 extending from the associated bus rods at both ends of the ring. - Valley. 19. The conductive units each extend along an edge of the transparent conductive coating. and a lead wire extending from one end of the bus rod, and a set of the conductive units. 17. The radiant heat source overlay of claim 16, wherein the knitted bus bars extend along opposite edges of each associated transparent conductive coating. 20. Connect the lead wires of one set of conductive units to each associated transparent conductive coach. 20. A radiant heat source according to claim 19 extending from the associated bus rod at each end of the ring. Valley. 21. In incubator hoods with radiant heat sources, a strong transparent plastic plate with a concave structure is used. a plastic sheet, a coating of transparent plastic material having an indium tin oxide coating on its surface and extending over selected areas of the inner surface of said rigid transparent plastic sheet, each configured such that its free end can be connected to a power source; and the indium tin oxide co a pair of conductive units electrically and mechanically connected to the An incubator hood with a characteristic radiant heat source. 22. 22. The incubator hood of claim 21, wherein the indium tin oxide coating is disposed between the rigid transparent plastic sheet and the coating of transparent plastic material. 23. 23. A layer of protective material as claimed in claim 22, further comprising a layer of protective material extending on a side of the coating of transparent plastic material opposite to the side having the indium tin oxide coating. Incubator hood. 24. The strong transparent plastic sheet and the indium tin oxide cochin 22. The incubator hood according to claim 21, wherein a coating of the transparent plastic material is disposed between the hood and the hood. 25. 25. The incubator hood of claim 24, further comprising a layer of protective material extending over the indium tin oxide coating. 26. The strong transparent plastic sheet and the indium tin oxide cochin 24. The incubator hood of claim 23, wherein said indium tin oxide coating is bonded to said strong transparent plastic sheet by an adhesive layer between said sheets. 27. bonding the indium tin oxide coating to the layer of protective material by an adhesive layer between the layer of protective material and the indium tin oxide coating; The incubator hood according to claim 25. 28. The incubator hood according to claim 26, wherein the protective material layer is made of a strong and transparent plastic sheet. 29. The incubator hood according to claim 27, wherein the protective material layer is made of a strong and transparent plastic sheet. 30. The strong transparent plastic sheet is formed into a concave structure to form the strong transparent plastic sheet. 30. The incubator hood of claim 29, wherein the transparent plastic material coating is spaced apart from the plastic sheet. 31. 28. The incubator hood of claim 27, wherein the layer of protective material comprises a transparent layer of silicon dioxide. 32. The strong transparent plastic sheet includes (a) a vertical portion, (b) an inclined portion, and (c) located between the vertical portion and the inclined portion, and includes the indium tin oxide coat. a radiant heat source overlay comprising: (a) a coating of indium tin oxide bonded by an adhesive layer to a surface of the sloped portion of the rigid transparent plastic sheet facing the incubator hood; have on the surface (b) the indium tin oxide coach of the second coating of transparent plastic material; a second set of electrically conductive units electrically and mechanically connected to the indium tin oxide coating; 27. The incubator hood of claim 26, further comprising a second layer of protective material extending over a surface of the second coating of hook material. 33. The rigid and transparent plastic sheet has (a) a vertical portion, (b) an inclined portion, and (c) is located between the vertical portion and the inclined portion, and is covered with the transparent plastic material. a horizontal portion having a membrane extending thereon, the radiant heat source overlay comprising: (a) having an indium tin oxide coating on its surface, when the radiant heat source overlay is resting on the incubator hood; The rigid transparent plastic facing the incubator hood A second cover of transparent plastic material extends over the surface of the inclined portion of the stick sheet. (b) a second set of conductive units electrically and mechanically connected to the indium tin oxide coating of the second coating of transparent plastic material; and (c) a second set of conductive units of the second coating of transparent plastic material. 28. A second layer of protective material bonded to the indium tin oxide coating of the second coating of transparent material by an adhesive between the indium tin oxide coating. incubator fu Do. 34. Each of the conductive units has a bus bar extending along an edge of the indium tin oxide coating and a lead wire extending from one end of the bus bar, the conductive unit having a bus bar extending from one end of the conductive unit. Each related indium tin oxide co 33. The incubator hood of claim 32, wherein the incubator hood extends along opposite edges of the coaching. 35. Connect the lead wires of a set of conductive units to each associated indium stannate 35. An incubator hood as claimed in claim 34 extending from associated bath rods at opposite ends of the chemical coating. 36. Each of the conductive units is made of indium tin oxide cochin. a bus rod extending along an edge of the conductive unit, and a lead wire extending from one end of the bus rod, connecting the bus rods of a set of the conductive units to each associated indium tin oxide coating. 34. The incubator hood according to claim 33, which extends along both edges. 37. Connect the lead wires of a set of conductive units to each associated indium stannate 37. An incubator hood as claimed in claim 36 extending from associated bath rods at opposite ends of the chemical coating. 38. a base, a hood attached to the base, a radiant heat source overlay stationary on the hood; The radiant heat source overlay consists of (a) a rigid transparent plastic sheet shaped to rest on the incubator hood, and (b) the incubator hood when the radiant heat source overlay is rested on the incubator hood. extending over selected surface areas of said rigid transparent plastic sheet facing the board; (c) a set of conductive units each having a free end adapted to be connected to a power source and electrically and mechanically connected to said transparent conductive coating; An incubator characterized by comprising: 39. (a) means for providing a first signal representative of a desired temperature of the transparent plastic sheet; (b) means for sensing the temperature of the transparent plastic sheet; (c) a first power source; and (d) means for applying power from the first power source to the transparent conductive coating in response to the first signal and the second signal. (e) a desired temperature of one of the temperature of the newborn's skin in the hood and the temperature of the air in the hood; (f) detecting one of the temperature of the skin of the newborn baby in the hood and the temperature of the air in the hood; (g) means for supplying a fourth signal representing one of the temperature of the air in the hood and the temperature of the air in the hood; (h) an air heater; (i) responsive to the third signal and the fourth signal, the air heater is connected to the air heater from the second power source; the desired air temperature in the hood and a level temperature sufficient to raise the desired skin temperature of the neonate in the hood. 40. An incubator characterized by comprising means for heating the air within the hood. Bae and a hood attached to the base, the hood comprising (a) a strong transparent plastic sheet formed into a concave structure, and (b) an ink mark on the surface. The inner surface of the strong transparent plastic sheet has a coating of aluminum tin oxide. a coating of transparent plastic material extending over the selected area; (c) a pair of electrically and mechanically connected to said indium tin oxide coating, each free end configured to connect to a power source; and a conductive unit. An incubator characterized by. 41. (a) means for providing a first signal representative of a desired temperature of the transparent plastic sheet; (b) means for sensing the temperature of the transparent plastic sheet; (c) a first power source; (d) means for supplying power from the first power source to the indium tin in response to the first signal and the second signal; (e) means for supplying an oxide coating to heat the transparent plastic sheet to the desired temperature; and (e) one of: the temperature of the newborn's skin within the hood and the temperature of the air within the hood. means for supplying a third signal representing a desired temperature; (f) detecting one of the temperature of the newborn's skin in the hood and the temperature of the air in the hood; (g) means for providing a fourth signal representative of one of the temperature of the newborn's skin and the temperature of the air within the hood; (h) an air heater; (i) responsive to the third signal and the fourth signal, the air heater is connected to the air heater from the second power source; the desired air temperature in the hood and a level temperature sufficient to raise the desired skin temperature of the neonate in the hood. An incubator further comprising means for heating air within the hood. 42. a vertical portion, a sloped portion, and a horizontal portion between the vertical portion and the sloped portion, the sloped portion and the horizontal portion each comprising: (a) a first rigid transparent plastic sheet; b) Second rigidity (c) a transparent conductive coating on the surface of the first rigid plastic sheet; (d) a coating of transparent plastic material disposed between the strong transparent plastic sheet and the second strong transparent plastic sheet; and (d) each free end connectable to a power source. a set of electrically conductive units configured and electrically and mechanically connected to the electrically conductive coating; and means for holding the vertical, inclined, and horizontal sections in fixed relation to each other. A radiant heat source overlay for an incubator hood characterized by: 43. Each of the conductive coatings is bonded to one of the rigid transparent sheets and The first rigid transparent sheet and the second rigid transparent sheet are separated, and the transparent plastic The rigidity and transparency of each of the slanted portions and the horizontal portions of each of the 44. The radiant heat source according to claim 42, wherein an air gap is formed between the light sheet and the radiant heat source. Before 44. The radiation according to claim 43, wherein the conductive coating is composed of indium tin oxide. heat source. 45. In the radiant heat source overlay of the incubator hood, a rigid transparent plastic sheet shaped to be able to rest on the incubator hood, and the rigid transparent plastic sheet facing toward the incubator hood when the radiant heat source overlay is rested on the incubator hood. conductive wires extending over selected surface areas of the sheet. The transparent conductive cable is configured such that its free end can be connected to a power supply, and the transparent conductive cable is a pair of conductive units electrically and mechanically connected to the Radiant heat source overlay on the incubator hood. 46. A strong and transparent plastic sheet formed into a concave structure and the above-mentioned strong and transparent plastic sheet an indium-containing oxide coating over selected areas of the inner surface of the sheet; and a set of electrically conductive units, each electrically and mechanically connected to the electrically conductive coating, each of which is configured such that its free end can be connected to a power source. An incubator hood having a radiant heat source characterized by a radiant heat source. 47. (a) a first power source; (b) said transparent conductor from said first power source for heating said transparent plastic sheet; (c) a second power supply; (d) an air heater; and (e) a means for controlling the power supplied to the electrical coating from the second power supply to the air heater for heating the air in the hood. 39. The incubator of claim 38, further comprising means for controlling the power supplied to the incubator. 48. (a) a first power source; (b) said transparent conductor from said first power source for heating said transparent plastic sheet; (c) a second power supply; (d) an air heater; and (e) a means for controlling the power supplied to the electrical coating from the second power supply to the air heater for heating the air in the hood. 41. The incubator of claim 40, further comprising means for controlling the power supplied to the incubator.