JPH05507118A - Iron or steel powders containing auxiliary powders and auxiliary powders for improving machinability - Google Patents

Abstract

A machinability improving and/or wear-resistance improving supplementary powder for an iron- or steel-based powder for use in powder-metallurgical production of blanks consists of MnS and Te or a Te-compound and/or Se or an Se-compound. For the supplementary powder, an iron or steel powder containing the same and a blank which is powder-metallurgically produced from the iron or steel powder, the weight ratio between MnS and Te should be in the range of 10-2000, the weight ratio between MnS and Se should be in the range of 10-1000, and, when both Te and Se are used, the limiting values of this range should be doubled.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Iron or steel powders containing auxiliary powders and auxiliary powders for improving machinability The present invention provides iron-based powder or steel-based powder for use in the production of materials by powder metallurgy. This is related to auxiliary powder for improving machinability and/or wear resistance for industrial applications. be.

The invention also relates to iron-based or steel-based powders containing such auxiliary powders.

The powder metallurgical production of materials such as structural elements is often carried out in processing steps such as: Often. Usually iron or steel powder, nickel in powder form for basic powder Alloying elements such as copper, copper, molybdenum and carbon, and lubricants are also added.

Such a powder mixture is pressed into powder using a press die. The raw material obtained in this powder compaction process The material is sintered to obtain the final properties such as strength.

One of the main advantages of powder metallurgical production of materials is that compaction and sintering can be done almost entirely in the final shape. The goal is to make it possible to manufacture materials. However, machining is still required. There are cases. For example, due to high requirements regarding tolerances or directly in the finished product. have a design such that the product cannot be compacted and must be machined after sintering Therefore, reprocessing is required. More precisely, the Geometric shapes such as holes, undercuts and threads require subsequent machining shall be.

Continued development of new sintered steels with high strength and therefore high hardness Therefore, one of the main problems in such machining or powder metallurgical manufacturing of components is are becoming more and more popular, and in many cases, from an economic point of view, powder metallurgical manufacturing or component Is machining the limiting factor when considering whether or not the best manufacturing method for an element is ing.

This opens up new and more efficient ways to improve the machinability of sintered steel. This means that there is a great demand for additives or additives. The highest alloying element Initial mixing is a unique mechanism for adding other substances that improve the machinability of the material, for example. The association is given to powder metallurgy. An example of this is given in specification 5E-C-8406054. However, this involves improving the machinability of sintered steel by mixing MnS with steel powder. It describes how improvements can be made.

It is thus an object of the present invention to provide an iron base for use in the production of materials by powder metallurgy. Machinability and/or wear resistance of the material produced, for powders or steel-based powders The purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary powder that is added to improve properties.

It was completely unexpected that MnS% and Te or Te compound , and/or an auxiliary powder consisting of Se or a Se compound. It turns out that it can be achieved. This auxiliary powder is compared to an auxiliary powder consisting only of MnS. The effect of increasing machinability was substantially improved compared to the previous one.

US-A-3,152,890, US-A-4,279,646 and US-A -4,434,006, alloyed with Mn, S, Se and/or Te Sushi Steel that has improved machinability due to It is a conventional technique in the field of normal dry wire making. However, this In this context, an alloying process occurs when melting steel. For example, adding Te The objective is to further improve the geometry of inclusions in free-cutting active steels. It was to be corrected. These inclusions are undesirable when hot working the material. However, this is possible by adding Te and/or Se. This can be improved.

The auxiliary powder according to the invention can reduce the dimensional changes and mechanical properties of the material during sintering. Excellent machining of the manufactured material without affecting other important properties of the material It also improves the wear resistance of the material. Here, the term machinability is All current processing methods such as drilling, turning, milling, grinding, etc. means. In view of the above-mentioned conventional technology in pyrometallurgy, the auxiliary powder according to the present invention The improved machinability obtained is unexpected. Because powder In advanced metallurgy, any deformation of the inclusions occurs in the same direction during the compaction operation, and therefore This is because the length/radius ratio is the same even after powder compaction. However, the present invention Why does the auxiliary powder with MnS have greater machinability than the auxiliary powder with only MnS? The reason why it has the effect of discouraging is that other factors other than the modified shape of the contained material Must be found in effect. Thus, the auxiliary powder according to the invention is suitable for machining. It is possible to improve the lubrication effect in This also applies to the compensation according to the invention. Why auxiliary powders are the most effective means of improving the wear resistance of parts produced by powder metallurgy It can be a reason to prove that

The auxiliary powder according to the invention can be produced in a variety of different ways. First of all, T e or Te compound and/or Se or Se compound are Mn, S, Te or MnS by melting Te compound and/or Se or Se compound and then polished to the desired grain size. Second, MnS and tightness of particles of Te or Te compound and/or Se or Se compound mixing, e.g. by agglomeration or mechanical alloying, thereby eliminating all the grains in the powder. child, or fact 1, such that all particles contain MnS and Te and/or Se. can be done in any way. Thirdly, the auxiliary powder according to the invention is MnS and Te or T e compound and/or by mixing separate particles of Se or Se compound. Therefore, it is also possible to manufacture this.

In the auxiliary powder containing MnS and Te according to the present invention, the gap between MnS and Te is The weight ratio is preferably in the range of 10 to 2000, preferably 50 to 1000. There must be.

In the auxiliary powder containing MnS and Se according to the present invention, the difference between MnS and Se is The weight ratio should preferably be in the range of 10 to too much, preferably 10 to 500. Must be.

In the auxiliary powder containing MnS, Te and Se according to the present invention, Mn, S and T The weight ratio between e0 is preferably 20 to 4000, preferably 100 to 2000. The weight ratio between MnS and Se should preferably be within the range of It must be within the range of 20-2000, preferably 20-1000.

According to the invention, materials with improved machinability and/or wear resistance iron or steel powder for powder metallurgical production. , the second powder is according to the present invention. More MnS and Te or Te compounds and/or Se or Se compounds It is characterized by containing an auxiliary powder consisting of.

If the auxiliary powder consists of MnS and Te or Te compounds, iron or According to the present invention, the amount of MnS in the steel powder is preferably within the range of 0.2 to 3% by weight. , the weight ratio between MnS and Te is in the range of 10 to 2000, preferably 50 to 1000. must be enclosed.

If the auxiliary powder consists of MnS and Se or Se compounds, iron or The amount of MnS in the steel powder is preferably within the range of 0.2 to 3% by weight, and the amount of MnS and Se is preferably within the range of 0.2 to 3% by weight. The weight ratio between the No.

The auxiliary powder consists of MnS, Te or Te compound and Se or Se compound. In case of The weight ratio between MnS and Te is from 20 to 4000, preferably from 100 to 2000, and the weight ratio between MnS and Se is preferably 20-2000. must be within the range of 20 to 1000.

The invention and its embodiments are explained in detail below by means of a number of examples.

Example 1 An additive according to the invention was prepared consisting of a mixture of particles of Mn5 and Te, The weight ratio between S and Te was as follows. Particle size of MnS and Te particles was 56 μm or less.

These additives are commercially available, containing 4% Nf, 1.5% Cu91 and 0.5% C. It was mixed with commercially available partially alloyed steel powder in an amount of 0.5%. child All amounts are given in % by weight.

From powder mixtures containing various additives, compacting (6 tons/cm”) and sintering (endothermic atmosphere) The parts were made at 1120'C for 30 minutes in an ambient atmosphere to Processability was evaluated. Green density (GD), sintered density (SD), during sintering Dimensional change [ΔL/Lo], hardness (HVIO), tensile strength (Rm), elongation [A ] and important materials such as machining index (machinihg 1ndex) The measured values of the properties are shown in the table below. Furthermore, the The machinability of the component materials was determined by drilling tests. Against drill wear The number of holes drilled in the material is a measure of machinability.

As can be seen from this example, additives containing MnS and Te contain only MnS. It has a superior machinability improvement effect compared to other additives.

The additive according to the invention can achieve the desired It appears to have the effect of improving machinability. The amount of Te increases with respect to MnS. In this case, the mechanical properties of powder metallurgically produced materials gradually deteriorate. MnS and T When the weight ratio between e is in the range 200-1000, other properties are not affected. Or to a very small extent. Quotas between MnS and Te The strength of materials manufactured by powder metallurgy is affected as the Ru. In some cases this means that significantly better machinability of the material is desired. forgiven. Therefore, the weight ratio between MnS and Te0 is 10-2000. Preferably Must be within the range of 50-1000.

Example 2 An additive according to the invention consisting of a mixture of Mn5 and Se particles was prepared, but MnS The weight ratio between Se and Se was as follows. Particle size of MnS and Se is 56μ It was smaller than m.

Additive weight ratio MnS/Se A00 (i.e. MnS (7)) These additives include 4% Ni, C Some molecules available in the market including u1.5%, Mo0.5% and C005% The powder was mixed with 0.5% of the alloyed steel powder.

From a mixture containing various additives, powder compaction (6 tons/cm”) and sintering (endothermic atmosphere) The parts were made by heating at 1120°C for 30 minutes in air, and the mechanical properties and and machinability were evaluated. Green density (GD), sintered density (SD), sintering Dimensional change [ΔL/Lol, hardness (HVIO), tensile strength (Rm), elongation] Measurements of important material properties such as [A] and machinability are shown in the table below. It is.

The additive according to the invention consisting of MnS in combination with Se has a small amount between MnS and Se0. It does not appear that the desired machinability improvement effect exists until a very low allocation is reached. It was. Therefore, the weight ratio between MnS and Se is lo~1ooo, preferably 1 Must be in the range 0-500.

Example 3 Additives consisting of a mixture of additives C and J according to Examples 1 and 2 were added in the following proportions: That is, in Example 1 with a ratio of 0.25 jl weight % of C and 0.25 weight % of J The same fraction was added to the alloyed powder.

Samples to be tested for mechanical properties and machinability were prepared as in Example 1. It was. The following results were obtained.

As can be concluded from this table, only Te and/or Se are added in the amounts mentioned above. This has a significant effect on the machinability of sintered steel; This means that there is a very strong synergistic effect when combined with Te and/or Se. That's what I do.

Example 5 Additives A and C were added to the following four different powder metallurgical materials 2, Fe-5% Cu-0 ,5%C 3. Fe-8% Ni-1% Mo-0.5% C4,410L (Martensis This experiment showed that the additive C according to the invention was used in other types of powder metallurgy. This was carried out to prove that it is effective for materials manufactured using conventional methods.

Example 6 Some molecules available on the market including Ni 4%, Mo 1.5% and CO 0.54% Powder mixtures from alloyed steel powder and various amounts of additive C according to the invention or prepared.

This example shows the machinability obtained when the amount of additive C is increased within a powder metallurgical material. shows improvement.

Example 7 Increased wear resistance of powder metallurgical materials when the additive according to the invention is used The following test was conducted for the purpose of illustrating.

Additives A and C according to Example 1 were mixed into pure iron powder in an amount of 1% by weight. this iron The following ingredients/additives were also added to the powder: 2% Cu, commercially available A 20% addition of hard phase in the form of hand-produced high speed steel powder M2 was made. Ogusi Samples were prepared for abrasion resistance testing by method.

The wear abrasion volume per unit force and per unit distance was It was reduced by 1/3 when the additive according to the invention was used. From this example, the present invention Additive C has a very large effect on the wear resistance of powder metallurgically produced materials. It is possible to read that there are effects.

Finally, Te and/or Se compounds instead of elements Te and/or Se auxiliary powder against dust and/or its toxicity by using It must be stated that the disadvantage faced by the government can be reduced. Te and (or ) Se-containing copper compounds are one example of such useful compounds.

Summary book Improved machinability for iron-based or steel-based powders for use in powder metallurgical production of materials and/or the auxiliary powder for improving wear resistance is MnS and Te or Te compound and/or Se or Se compounds. This auxiliary powder, this The weight ratio of the containing iron-based or steel-based powder and this iron-based powder is within the range of 10゜; and when both Te and Se are used, within this range. Limit values must be doubled.

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Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. Machining for iron-based or steel-based powders for use in the powder metallurgical production of materials. In the auxiliary powder for improving workability and/or wear resistance, MnS and Te or consisting of Te compound and/or Se or Se compound. Auxiliary powder for improving machinability and/or wear resistance. 2. The auxiliary powder consists of MnS and Te or a Te compound; The weight ratio between nS and Te is in the range of 10 to 2000, preferably 50 to 1000. The auxiliary powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The auxiliary powder consists of MnS and Se or a Se compound; The weight ratio between nS and Se is within the range of 10 to 1000, preferably 50 to 500. An auxiliary powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. The auxiliary powder is MnS, Te or a Te compound and Se or a Se compound. and the weight ratio between MnS and Te is 20 to 4000, preferably 100 to 2000, and the weight ratio between MnS and Se is 20 to 2000, as desired. preferably within the range of 20 to 1000. Auxiliary powder loaded. 5. The powder particles may contain MnS and Te or a Te compound and/or Se or or a Se compound. The auxiliary powder described in any one of the above. 6. Virtually all powder particles contain MnS and Te or Te compounds and/or ) of Se or an intimate mixture of Se compounds. The auxiliary powder described in any one of the ranges 1 to 4. 7. The auxiliary powder may contain MnS and Te or a Te compound and/or Se or or a mixture of separate particles of Se compound. The auxiliary powder described in any one of Items 1 to 4 below. 8. Powder metallurgy of materials with improved machinability and/or wear resistance In the iron-based or steel-based powder for production, the iron-based or steel-based powder contains MnS and T. Contains auxiliary powder of e or Te compound and/or Se or Se compound An iron-based powder or steel-based powder characterized by: 9. The iron-based powder or steel-based powder is an auxiliary powder of MnS and Te or a Te compound. The amount of MnS is within the range of 0.2 to 3% by weight, and the amount of MnS is between MnS and Te. The weight ratio is in the range of 10 to 2000, preferably 50 to 1000. An iron-based powder or steel-based powder according to claim 8. 10. The iron-based powder or steel-based powder contains MnS and Se or a Se compound. , the amount of MnS is in the range of 0.2-3% by weight, and the weight ratio between MnS and Se is A claim characterized in that the number is in the range of 10 to 1000, preferably 10 to 500. Iron-based powder or steel-based powder described in item 8. 11. The iron-based powder or steel-based powder contains MnS, Te or a Te compound and S e or Se compound auxiliary powder, and the amount of MnS is 0.2-3% by weight. within the range, and the weight ratio between MnS and Te is 20 to 4000, preferably 1 00 to 2000, and the weight ratio between MnS and Se is 20 to 2000, According to claim 8, it is preferably within the range of 20 to 1000. Iron-based powder or steel-based powder as described.