JPH0550671B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0550671B2
JPH0550671B2 JP16387286A JP16387286A JPH0550671B2 JP H0550671 B2 JPH0550671 B2 JP H0550671B2 JP 16387286 A JP16387286 A JP 16387286A JP 16387286 A JP16387286 A JP 16387286A JP H0550671 B2 JPH0550671 B2 JP H0550671B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ice
water
nozzle
opening
supercooled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP16387286A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6321463A (en
Inventor
Takeshi Hashimoto
Yoshio Iwamoto
Kazumi Sawada
Hidenaga Aoki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shinryo Air Conditioning Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shinryo Air Conditioning Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shinryo Air Conditioning Co Ltd filed Critical Shinryo Air Conditioning Co Ltd
Priority to JP16387286A priority Critical patent/JPS6321463A/en
Publication of JPS6321463A publication Critical patent/JPS6321463A/en
Publication of JPH0550671B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0550671B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

産業上の利用分野 本発明は、過冷却水を利用してシヤーベツトア
イス・フレークアイスからブロツクアイスまで任
意の硬度と形状を有する氷を製造するための製氷
装置に関する。 従来の技術 一般に氷塊の製造方法は、製氷皿等で作つた氷
の塊を機械的操作により破砕して製造する方式を
採用しているが、 (a) 大きい塊の氷を作る操作とこれを砕く操作と
が必要となり、工程が複雑になり時間がかか
る。 (b) 大きい塊から砕いて作つた破砕氷は硬度が大
きいため、保冷等に使用する場合に被保冷物を
痛める危険性がある。 (c) 破砕操作では均一な粒径の氷を作ることが難
しい。 等の問題点がある。 一方、水を0℃以下になるまで冷却して過冷却
状態の水を作り、これを利用して製氷する試みが
提案されている。従来の過冷却水の製造方法とし
ては静置法が最も一般的である。これは水を静止
させたままゆつくりと過冷却状態まで冷却してい
く方法であるが、 (a) 水への伝熱が自然対流のみであるため冷却効
率が低い。 (b) 過冷却状態が不安定なため振動等のわずかな
刺激で過冷却状態が破れ氷結してしまう。 (c) 一度氷結してしまうと氷と水の共存状態にな
り、冷却を続行しても氷が伝熱面から成長する
だけでもはや過冷却温度には到らない。 等の問題点がある。 特開昭54−102648号公報には、凝固点降下剤を
添加した希薄な水溶液を冷却装置ならびに撹拌機
を具備した製氷容器内に充填し、撹拌しながら過
冷却状態に冷却した後、撹拌を中断することによ
つて水溶液内部に多数のフレークアイスを生成す
る方法が提案されているが、凝固点降下剤の作用
と撹拌作用とを組合せて容器内全体を過冷却状態
に到達させるものであり、凝固点降下剤の混入に
よる悪影響が発生するという欠点がある。また撹
拌羽根の周囲が氷結するので運転が断続的になり
効率が低下する欠点がある。 発明が解決しようとする問題点 本発明の目的は、シヤーベツトアイス・フレー
クアイスからブロツクアイスまで任意の硬度と形
状を有する氷を連続してかつ安価に製造すること
ができる製氷装置を提供することにある。 問題点を解決するための手段とその作用 本発明の前述した目的は、冷媒またはブライン
を流す第1の構造体及び水を流す第2の構造体か
ら成る過冷却水製造熱交換器と、蓄氷槽と、過冷
却水を蓄氷槽の上部で放出する放出管と、この放
出管に設けられたノズル付開口及びノズルなし開
口と、放出管とノズル付開口及びノズルなし開口
との間を開閉する切換弁と、送水ポンプと、冷媒
またはブライン循環回路と、過冷却水の温度と流
量または圧力を調節する制御部とを備えて成る製
氷装置によつて達成される。 かかる構成により、送水ポンプによつて供給さ
れた水は熱交換器内で0℃以下に冷却されて過冷
却水となり、蓄氷槽の上部に移送されノズル付開
口又はノズルなし開口を通じて放出されるが、そ
の際落下の衝撃を受けて過冷却水は氷結し、その
後氷を形成するようになる。この氷の状態は、過
冷却水の温度・ノズルの有無・スプレ噴霧の噴霧
粒径等に依存して様々に変化し、氷の硬度と形状
が変化する。従つて、ノズル付開口及びノズルな
し開口への通路を切換弁で開閉することによつて
ノズルの有無を切換え、制御部の働きによつて過
冷却水の温度を変化させ、さらに流量または圧力
を変えて噴霧粒径を変化させることにより、任意
の硬度と形状の氷が得られることになる。 制御部には、過冷却水の温度を検出する温度セ
ンサーと、冷凍機・送水ポンプ・流量調整弁・圧
力制御弁等の作動を制御する制御ユニツトが含ま
れる。 本発明の他の特徴及び利点は、添付図面の実施
例を参照した以下の記載により明らかとなろう。 実施例 第1図は本発明の好適な実施例による製氷装置
を表わしており、この装置は全体として、過冷却
水製造部と蓄氷部と制御部とで構成されている。 過冷却水製造部は、冷凍機10で冷却されたエ
チレングリコール等のブラインを流す外側コイル
11と水を流す内側コイル12とから成る二重管
型熱交換器13、ブライン循環ポンプ14、制御
弁(膨張弁)15を含んでいる。 蓄氷部は、断熱壁を有する蓄氷槽20、熱交換
器13の出口からの過冷却水を蓄氷槽の上部まで
移送して放出する過冷却水放出管21、蓄氷槽の
底部付近から水を熱交換器の入口へと移送する戻
り管22及びその途中にある水循環ポンプ23と
制御弁(流量調整弁又は圧力制御弁)24を含ん
でいる。放出管21の蓄氷槽内の部分は分岐管3
1,32に枝分れし、分岐管31にはノズル付開
口33と電磁式切換弁35が設けられ、分岐管3
2にはノズルなし開口34と電磁式切換弁36が
設けられている。蓄氷槽20の内部は多孔板40
で上下に仕切られており、蓄氷部分の側方には氷
取出用扉41が設けられ、冷却部分の戻り管22
との接続部分にはストレーナ42が取付けられて
いる。 制御部は、放出管21の途中に取付けられた過
冷却水の温度を検出するための温度センサー38
と、冷却機10、ポンプ14及び23、制御弁1
5,24,35,36等を電気式・油圧式・空圧
式等の操作手段を通じて制御する制御ユニツト3
9とを含んでいる。 第2図は、分岐管31の先端に取付けられたノ
ズル50の吹出穴33から噴出するスプレ噴霧の
状態を表わしている。ノズル50の内部には第3
図に示すような半月状のロータ51が装着され、
流体をらせん状に回転させて噴霧し、スプレ噴霧
の広がりを拡大する働きをしている。分岐管32
の先端のノズルなし開口34は、第2図のノズル
50を取外した構造になつている。ノズル50は
樹脂製、あるいは金属製に樹脂コーテイングを施
したものとし、ノズル内部での流体の乱れにより
過冷却水が凍結するのを防ぐことが望ましい。 かかる構成に基づき、本発明の製氷装置は次の
ように操作される。まず冷凍機10を運転してブ
ラインの温度を−6℃温度まで下げて熱交換器1
3内に送り込む。一方、蓄氷槽20の底部から引
き抜いた冷水を熱交換器内でブラインによつて冷
却し、0℃以下の過冷却水にして蓄氷槽の上部ま
で移送し、分岐管を通じてノズル付開口33また
はノズルなし開口34から蓄氷槽内に噴出落下さ
せる。落下の衝撃により過冷却水は氷結するが、
その状態は過冷却水の温度・ノズルの有無・噴霧
粒径に依存して例えば次のように変化する。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to an ice making apparatus for producing ice having any hardness and shape, from shearbet ice, flake ice, to block ice, using supercooled water. PRIOR TECHNOLOGY In general, ice blocks are produced by mechanically crushing blocks of ice made in an ice cube tray, etc.; This requires a crushing operation, which makes the process complicated and time-consuming. (b) Crushed ice made by crushing large blocks has a high hardness, so when used for cold storage, there is a risk of damaging the items to be kept cold. (c) It is difficult to produce ice with uniform particle size through crushing operations. There are other problems. On the other hand, an attempt has been made to cool water to below 0° C. to produce supercooled water and use this to make ice. The most common conventional method for producing supercooled water is the standing method. This is a method of slowly cooling the water to a supercooled state while it remains stationary, but (a) the cooling efficiency is low because heat is transferred to the water only by natural convection. (b) Because the supercooled state is unstable, even the slightest stimulus such as vibration will break the supercooled state and cause it to freeze. (c) Once frozen, ice and water coexist, and even if cooling continues, ice will only grow from the heat transfer surface and the supercooling temperature will no longer be reached. There are other problems. JP-A-54-102648 discloses that a dilute aqueous solution to which a freezing point depressant has been added is filled into an ice-making container equipped with a cooling device and a stirrer, cooled to a supercooled state while stirring, and then the stirring is interrupted. A method has been proposed in which a large number of flakes of ice are generated inside an aqueous solution by using a freezing point depressant, but this method combines the action of a freezing point depressant and the stirring action to reach a supercooled state throughout the container. There is a drawback that adverse effects occur due to the contamination of depressants. Furthermore, since the area around the stirring blades freezes, there is a drawback that operation becomes intermittent and efficiency decreases. Problems to be Solved by the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide an ice making device that can continuously and inexpensively produce ice having any hardness and shape, from shearbet ice to flake ice to block ice. It is in. Means for Solving the Problems and Their Effects The above object of the present invention is to provide a supercooled water production heat exchanger comprising a first structure through which a refrigerant or brine flows and a second structure through which water flows; An ice tank, a discharge pipe that discharges supercooled water at the upper part of the ice storage tank, an opening with a nozzle and an opening without a nozzle provided in this discharge pipe, and a space between the discharge pipe and the opening with a nozzle and the opening without a nozzle. This is achieved by an ice-making device that includes a switching valve that opens and closes, a water pump, a refrigerant or brine circulation circuit, and a control unit that adjusts the temperature, flow rate, or pressure of supercooled water. With this configuration, the water supplied by the water pump is cooled to below 0°C in the heat exchanger to become supercooled water, which is transferred to the upper part of the ice storage tank and discharged through an opening with a nozzle or an opening without a nozzle. However, the supercooled water freezes due to the impact of the fall, and then begins to form ice. The state of this ice varies depending on the temperature of the supercooled water, the presence or absence of a nozzle, the particle size of the spray, etc., and the hardness and shape of the ice change. Therefore, by opening and closing the passages to the opening with a nozzle and the opening without a nozzle using a switching valve, the presence or absence of a nozzle is switched, and the temperature of the supercooled water is changed by the function of the control section, and the flow rate or pressure is changed. By changing the atomized particle size, ice of arbitrary hardness and shape can be obtained. The control section includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of supercooled water, and a control unit that controls the operations of the refrigerator, water pump, flow rate adjustment valve, pressure control valve, etc. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings. Embodiment FIG. 1 shows an ice making apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this apparatus as a whole is composed of a supercooled water production section, an ice storage section, and a control section. The supercooled water production section includes a double pipe heat exchanger 13 consisting of an outer coil 11 through which brine such as ethylene glycol cooled by the refrigerator 10 flows and an inner coil 12 through which water flows, a brine circulation pump 14, and a control valve. (Expansion valve) 15 is included. The ice storage section includes an ice storage tank 20 having a heat insulating wall, a supercooled water discharge pipe 21 that transfers supercooled water from the outlet of the heat exchanger 13 to the top of the ice storage tank and releases it, and near the bottom of the ice storage tank. It includes a return pipe 22 that transfers water from the water to the inlet of the heat exchanger, and a water circulation pump 23 and a control valve (flow rate adjustment valve or pressure control valve) 24 located in the middle of the return pipe 22. The part of the discharge pipe 21 inside the ice storage tank is connected to the branch pipe 3.
The branch pipe 31 is provided with an opening 33 with a nozzle and an electromagnetic switching valve 35.
2 is provided with a nozzleless opening 34 and an electromagnetic switching valve 36. Inside the ice storage tank 20 is a perforated plate 40
An ice removal door 41 is provided on the side of the ice storage section, and a return pipe 22 of the cooling section is partitioned into an upper and lower section.
A strainer 42 is attached to the connecting portion. The control unit includes a temperature sensor 38 installed in the middle of the discharge pipe 21 for detecting the temperature of supercooled water.
, cooler 10, pumps 14 and 23, control valve 1
A control unit 3 that controls the components 5, 24, 35, 36, etc. through electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc. operating means.
9. FIG. 2 shows the state of the spray ejected from the outlet hole 33 of the nozzle 50 attached to the tip of the branch pipe 31. FIG. Inside the nozzle 50 there is a third
A half-moon-shaped rotor 51 as shown in the figure is attached,
It works by rotating the fluid in a spiral and atomizing it, expanding the spread of the spray. Branch pipe 32
The nozzle-less opening 34 at the tip has a structure in which the nozzle 50 of FIG. 2 is removed. The nozzle 50 is preferably made of resin or metal coated with a resin to prevent supercooled water from freezing due to fluid turbulence inside the nozzle. Based on this configuration, the ice making apparatus of the present invention is operated as follows. First, the refrigerator 10 is operated to lower the brine temperature to -6℃, and the heat exchanger 1 is
Send it within 3. On the other hand, cold water drawn from the bottom of the ice storage tank 20 is cooled with brine in a heat exchanger, turned into supercooled water below 0°C, and transferred to the top of the ice storage tank through a branch pipe to an opening 33 with a nozzle. Alternatively, the ice is ejected and dropped from the nozzleless opening 34 into the ice storage tank. The supercooled water freezes due to the impact of the fall, but
The state changes, for example, as follows depending on the temperature of the supercooled water, the presence or absence of a nozzle, and the spray particle size.

【表】 すなわち、過冷却水の温度を変えることにより
氷の硬度が変化し、ノズルの有無の切換えとスプ
レ粒径(ミスト径)を変えることにより氷の形状
がシヤーベツト状・フレーク状から大小のブロツ
ク状へと変化する。 従つて、蓄氷槽内に氷結した氷の状態が所望の
硬度と形状に出来上つていない場合は、制御ユニ
ツト39を操作して、冷凍機やポンプの起動・停
止、あるいは制御弁の切換えを行なえば良い。過
冷却水が噴出する際のスプレ粒径は、スプレノズ
ルの形状と圧力及び流量に依存して変化するが、
その一例を示せば第4図のようになる。第4図の
グラフでは、スプレノズルとして、管径1/4イン
チ、吹出穴直径2.6mmの直進円形全面スプレ型フ
ルコーン形状で、接液部にトーレシリコーン株式
会社製のSR−2410レジンを2回重ね塗り常温乾
燥(硬化)させてシリコンコーテイングを施した
ものを使用した。図の特性曲線から、ゲージ圧
0.1Kg/cm2で流量1.5/minの時のスプレ粒径が
直径5mm、ゲージ圧03Kg/cm2で流量2.2/min
の時のスプレ粒径が直径1mmになることがわか
る。 本発明の変形例として、第1図の戻り管22を
省略し蓄氷槽20以外の水源から水を供給して、
環境式でない一過式の装置とすることも出来る。 本発明による製氷装置は次のような応用例に最
適なものである。 (a) かき氷製造機 氷の硬度・形状・粒径を変えることにより個
人の好みにあつた歯ざわりが満喫できる。 (b) 生鮮食料品保存ケース 魚介類や野菜等、大きくて硬い氷では破損す
る恐れがある生鮮食料品を保冷する場合に、硬
度・粒径を変えることにより最適の保存を行な
うことが出来る。 (c) 粉体混練用氷製造機 製造時に氷を混入させる各種食料品に最適の
氷を供給することが出来る。 発明の効果 以上詳細に説明した如く、本発明の製氷装置に
よれば次のような利点が得られる。 (1) シヤーベツトアイス・フレークアイスからブ
ロツクアイスまで任意の硬度と形状の氷が得ら
れる。 (2) 大きい塊を砕く操作が不要になるので工程が
連続し作業能率が向上する。 (3) 被保冷物の適用範囲が広がり氷の需要が増大
する。 (4) 工程の自動化により氷のコストが低下する。
[Table] In other words, by changing the temperature of the supercooled water, the hardness of the ice changes, and by switching the presence or absence of the nozzle and changing the spray particle size (mist diameter), the shape of the ice can be changed from shearbet-like or flake-like to large and small. It changes into a block shape. Therefore, if the frozen ice in the ice storage tank does not have the desired hardness and shape, the control unit 39 can be operated to start or stop the refrigerator or pump, or change the control valve. All you have to do is The spray particle size when supercooled water is ejected varies depending on the shape, pressure, and flow rate of the spray nozzle, but
An example of this is shown in FIG. In the graph in Figure 4, the spray nozzle is a straight circular full-cone spray type with a pipe diameter of 1/4 inch and a blowout hole diameter of 2.6 mm, and SR-2410 resin manufactured by Toray Silicone Co., Ltd. is layered twice on the wetted part. The material used was one that was coated, dried (cured) at room temperature, and then coated with silicone. From the characteristic curve in the figure, the gauge pressure
The spray particle size is 5 mm in diameter when the flow rate is 1.5/min at 0.1Kg/ cm2 , and the flow rate is 2.2/min at a gauge pressure of 03Kg/ cm2.
It can be seen that the spray particle size is 1 mm in diameter when . As a modification of the present invention, the return pipe 22 in FIG. 1 is omitted and water is supplied from a water source other than the ice storage tank 20,
It is also possible to use a transient type device that is not an environmental type. The ice making apparatus according to the present invention is most suitable for the following applications. (a) Shaved ice making machine By changing the hardness, shape, and particle size of the ice, you can enjoy the texture that suits your personal taste. (b) Fresh food storage case When keeping fresh food such as seafood and vegetables that are likely to be damaged by large, hard ice cubes, optimal storage can be achieved by changing the hardness and particle size. (c) Ice making machine for powder kneading It is possible to supply the most suitable ice for various foods that require ice to be mixed during production. Effects of the Invention As described above in detail, the ice making apparatus of the present invention provides the following advantages. (1) Ice of any hardness and shape can be obtained from shearbet ice/flake ice to block ice. (2) Since there is no need to crush large chunks, the process is continuous and work efficiency is improved. (3) The range of applications for objects to be refrigerated will expand, and the demand for ice will increase. (4) The cost of ice will decrease due to process automation.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図はブラインを用いた場合の本発明の実施
例による製氷装置を表わす系統図、第2図はノズ
ル付開口を表わす縦断面図、第3図はノズルを表
わす斜視図、第4図はスプレノズルの特性曲線の
一例を表わすグラフである。 10……冷凍機、11……外側構造体、12…
…内側構造体、13……熱交換器、14……ブラ
インポンプ、20……蓄氷槽、21……放出管、
23……送水ポンプ、33……ノズル付開口、3
4……ノズルなし開口、35,36……切換弁、
38……温度センサー、39……制御ユニツト。
Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing an ice making device according to an embodiment of the present invention when brine is used, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing an opening with a nozzle, Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a nozzle, and Fig. 4 is a system diagram showing an ice making device according to an embodiment of the present invention when brine is used. It is a graph showing an example of a characteristic curve of a spray nozzle. 10... Refrigerator, 11... Outer structure, 12...
...Inner structure, 13... Heat exchanger, 14... Brine pump, 20... Ice storage tank, 21... Discharge pipe,
23...Water pump, 33...Opening with nozzle, 3
4...Opening without nozzle, 35, 36...Switching valve,
38... Temperature sensor, 39... Control unit.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 冷凍機で冷却された冷媒またはブラインを流
す第1の構造体と水を流す第2の構造体とから成
り、前記冷媒またはブラインを0℃以下に保つて
水を冷却し前記第2の構造体の出口での水温を0
℃以下にする過冷却水製造熱交換器と、 断熱性を有する蓄氷槽と、 前記熱交換器の出口からの過冷却水を前記蓄氷
槽の上部に案内して放出する過冷却水放出管と、 該放出管の蓄氷槽内部位置に設けられたノズル
付開口及びノズルなし開口と、 前記放出管と前記ノズル付開口及び前記ノズル
なし開口との間を開閉する切換弁と、 送水ポンプと、 冷媒またはブラインを前記冷凍機及び前記熱交
換器の第1の構造体へと循環させる配管系と、 前記過冷却水の温度と流量または圧力を調節す
る制御部とを備えることを特徴とする任意の硬度
と形状を有する氷の製造装置。 2 前記制御部には、過冷却水の温度を検出する
温度センサーと、前記冷凍機及び送水ポンプの作
動を制御する機構とが含まれている特許請求の範
囲第1項記載の装置。
[Claims] 1. Consisting of a first structure through which a refrigerant or brine cooled by a refrigerator flows and a second structure through which water flows, the refrigerant or brine is kept at 0° C. or lower to cool the water. and the water temperature at the outlet of the second structure is set to 0.
A heat exchanger for producing supercooled water below ℃, an ice storage tank having heat insulation properties, and a supercooled water discharge system that guides the supercooled water from the outlet of the heat exchanger to the upper part of the ice storage tank and releases it. a pipe; an opening with a nozzle and an opening without a nozzle provided in the interior of the ice storage tank of the discharge pipe; a switching valve that opens and closes between the discharge pipe and the opening with a nozzle and the opening without a nozzle; and a water pump. and a piping system that circulates refrigerant or brine to the first structure of the refrigerator and the heat exchanger, and a control unit that adjusts the temperature, flow rate, or pressure of the supercooled water. Ice making equipment with arbitrary hardness and shape. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control section includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of supercooled water, and a mechanism that controls the operation of the refrigerator and the water pump.
JP16387286A 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Production unit for ice having arbitrary hardness and shape Granted JPS6321463A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16387286A JPS6321463A (en) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Production unit for ice having arbitrary hardness and shape

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16387286A JPS6321463A (en) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Production unit for ice having arbitrary hardness and shape

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6321463A JPS6321463A (en) 1988-01-29
JPH0550671B2 true JPH0550671B2 (en) 1993-07-29

Family

ID=15782376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP16387286A Granted JPS6321463A (en) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Production unit for ice having arbitrary hardness and shape

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6321463A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0650261U (en) * 1992-01-23 1994-07-08 京セラエルコ株式会社 Surface Mount Post Header Connector

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0650261U (en) * 1992-01-23 1994-07-08 京セラエルコ株式会社 Surface Mount Post Header Connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6321463A (en) 1988-01-29

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