JPH05504702A - Devices and systems for storing and dispensing fire extinguishing liquid CO↓2 at low pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus and system for storing and supplying liquid CO2 at low pressure for extinguishing fires. The apparatus comprises a pressure vessel (13) for storing liquid CO2 at low pressure, a cooling means (29) in contact with gaseous CO2 in the vessel to maintain the low pressure, an inlet (24) and outlet (32) to fill the vessel and a supply conduit (17) communicating with a lower portion of the interior of the vessel to allow liquid CO2 to pass from the vessel and into a reticulation system. A number of pressure vessels can be coupled together through a manifold (165) to provide the required amount of liquid CO2 to a risk site. Supply valves (18) or manifold valves (173, 174) can be operated by a sensor (175, 176) in a risk site and a logic processor (177) can be used to regulate the valves and thereby the liquid CO2. The apparatus and system is particularly designed as a replacement for current halon systems which cause damage to the ozone layer.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Devices and systems for storing and dispensing fire extinguishing liquid CO2 at low pressure Field of the invention The present invention provides an apparatus and system for storing and dispensing fire extinguishing liquid CO2 at low pressure. equipment, especially for extinguishing electrical flames and flames for which water is unsuitable as an extinguishing medium. It has uses in prevention and prevention.

Background of the invention The most common fire protection systems for buildings such as high-rise office blocks are Includes water sprinklers and water fire hoses. Sprinklers and hoses The pipes are connected to vibrator piping that runs throughout the building. Is the water from a central source like a main water source? is supplied to the pipe at high pressure. In high-rise buildings, it is satisfying to go through the sprinklers. Pump water through all water pipes at sufficient speed and pressure to provide a Requires an expensive and complicated pump attached to the main water source so that it can be.

Pumps are generally powered by internal combustion engines, with the pump and engine located underground. located in the room and connected to the local mains. Add to very expensive installation and maintenance costs Yes, such a system can be used when the basement is flooded or the mains are damaged due to an explosion, earthquake, etc. If you destroy it, it will become useless.

There are significant drawbacks to using water as a fire extinguishing medium. The most serious drawback is the water self It is damage caused by the body. For example, in an office building, a small station A fire can cause one or more sprinklers to be fired and the fire to spread over a large area. It may bring water. The water itself may cause damage to computer equipment, furniture, documents, and carpets. This can seriously ill-inform people, etc. Furthermore, once the water is released from the sprinkler , water leaks onto the floor of the lower floor, and the lower floor itself remains the same even though there is no risk of fire damage. cause undue damage.

One of the other drawbacks of water is its inherently corrosive nature, which can cause damage to sprinkler pipes. Requires frequent inspection of inlets, nozzles and associated pumping equipment.

Finally, water can be used in electrical fires, fires containing flammable liquids, furniture, carpets, soundproofing and Fires involving plastic materials such as insulation and water seeping into the partitions Dissatisfaction with fires in enclosed compartments (such as computer terminals) It is an effective extinguishing medium.

Use of CO8 as fire extinguishing medium to overcome problems associated with water sprinklers It is known to do. CO7 includes computer equipment, electrical and communication switches. Suitable for use in touch boards, records, recording equipment, etc.

Hitherto, these fire suppression systems have used COt under pressure. CO2 is approx. Stored in high-pressure steel cylinders designed to withstand internal pressures of 14,000 KPa and are supplied by them. Special terms 13 per one of these steel cylinders Although it weighs 6 kg, it emits only about 46 kg of CO2. Each cylinder is approximately 1 ．． It has a height of 5 m and a diameter of approximately 0.25 m.

Standards applicable to the use of COt as a fire extinguishing medium provide fire reduction and extinguishing effects. requires that CO2 be released to the hazardous area within a specified time. office For hazardous areas including space spaces or computer rooms, The amount of COl requires the use of a set of high pressure cylinders connected to a manifold. . For example, hazardous parts that require 500 kg of COt should be placed in a common manifold. A set of at least 12 to 17 steel cylinders connected together is required. this One of the significant drawbacks of the system is that such pairs occupy a large amount of valuable space and Due to the weight of 12 to 17 sets, each weighing 136 kg, these cylinders This requires special reinforcement of the floor supporting the floor.

Another disadvantage of using high-pressure steel cylinders is that the cylinders cannot be filled on site. If the damage occurs, remove it from the manifold, transport it to the central filling site, and return it to the manifold. The problem is that you have to reconnect to the host. This is a large number of such cylinders. significant maintenance requirements on the cylinder and the cup between the cylinder and manifold. This causes friction and rupture in the pulling.

One of the other drawbacks is the volume within each cylinder and which cylinders require replacement. It is not possible to determine exactly whether the regular cylinder Removal and inspection of cylinders, again increasing maintenance costs and When removed from the field, a “danger window” occurs.

Another drawback with the use of high pressure cylinders is that their large area needs are typically Invites to place the cylinder outside or in the basement. For this reason, high pressure gas be transported from the remotely located cylinder to the hazardous area. This means that effective piping is required. This also increases the cost of the fire extinguishing system and The possibility of leakage occurs between the large number of couplings required between adjacent lubricants.

Another disadvantage of using high-pressure CO1 is that the C○, must be transported to the hazardous area and the CO! of Pipes and nozzles discharging to hazardous areas must have sufficient strength to withstand high pressure. It is a must. This requires more expensive piping and care between adjacent pipes. Requires deep connection.

The diameter of the piping is small to withstand the working pressure, and this leads to frictional losses in the system. Ku.

A second known fire extinguishing system utilizes halon gas as the extinguishing medium. halonga contains bromine and chlorine compounds, both of which deplete the ozone layer. I believe that. Bromine compounds react with ozone even in the absence of sunlight and oxygen. chlorine or chlorine/fluorine compounds because they can cause damage by considered to be harmful.

A particular advantage of Halon is that it works at pressures as low as 350 ps i and therefore A low pressure pump is used to transport the halon from the halon storage cylinder to the hazardous area discharge nozzle. It is to allow for the line.

Halon is used in situations where halon gas is volatilized, such as in halon extinguishing systems. It is now obsolete in its use.

Our previous international patent application WO3804007 stores liquid CO7 at low pressure. Discloses a storage system for storing. This storage system maintains low pressure within the pressure vessel. Internal cooling means placed in the area normally occupied by gas CO8 to maintain and a supply conduit for supplying gaseous CO2 from the pressure vessel. include. Gaseous CO1 is primarily used in the hotel industry for the provision of carbonated beverages.

The CO drawn from the pressure vessel is a supply of gaseous CO at constant pressure. It was essential that it be in a gaseous state so that it could be obtained.

This container is designed so that the supply conduit releases only gas C○ from the container. Therefore, it was unsuitable for supplying liquid CO at low pressure. CO2 at high or low pressure In fire extinguishing systems that utilize either pressure, the maximum rate of CO7 transfer can be achieved. The liquid CO□ flows into the relevant pipeline and through the discharge nozzle so that It is crucial to ensure that it passes. If only the gas COt If sent through the line, the explosive release of gaseous CO□ from the discharge nozzle Unless very high pressures are used, where there is considerable damage to the hazardous area Only a portion of the O2 volume is sent to the hazardous area; this is due to extremely high strength piping and This would require an exit nozzle and would be impractical. Furthermore, one of the international regulations, Nat. ional Fire Protection Agency Code (NF PA) requires liquid CO2 to be delivered into the reticulated system.

Antolak U.S. Pat. No. 3,282,305 discloses a cylinder filling device Ru. This equipment is supplied with brine or A liquid maintained at a low temperature by a refrigeration coil through which a supply of other suitable refrigerant circulates Includes a thick (λ non-transportable main tank or storage tank) that accommodates Cot. Intan 2+1, to equipment that allows liquid CO1 to fill high-pressure cylinders It has an outlet located at the bottom of the tank that can be discharged. The recirculation inlet carries gaseous CO2 Placed at the top of the tank for recirculation.

There is no disclosure of a tank with inlet and outlet means for filling the container; Furthermore, there is no ability to accurately determine the liquid level within the container. Other drawbacks are the tan If the structure is heavy and non-transportable, and the area is again remote from the hazardous area and the reinforced foundation It is necessary to install it on top. In addition, such tanks are generally elongated They have a large shape and require horizontal support due to their dimensions. gas effect There must be sufficient clearance between the liquid level and the top wall of the tank for proper cooling. necessary, which also undesirably reduces the available liquid space in the tank. Tarasu.

One object of the present invention is to provide a system for storing and supplying liquid CO3 at low pressure for fire extinguishing purposes. , and to provide devices and systems that can alleviate the aforementioned drawbacks.

Disclosure of the invention In one form, the invention provides: A pressure vessel for storing and distributing liquid CO2 at low pressure, supplying liquid CO8 in communication with the lower part of the pressure vessel occupied by the body. a pressure vessel containing a supply conduit for supplying the for transporting low-pressure CO8 from the pressure vessel to the hazardous area and extending to the hazardous area. a transport conduit in fluid communication with the supply conduit, the transport conduit being coupled to the transport conduit; 1 (one or more discharge nozzles) that allow the passage of CO2 from the The fire extinguishing system is equipped with

In another form, the invention provides a pressure vessel having a top wall and a bottom wall for storing liquid C○; inlet means and outlet means in communication with the interior of said pressure vessel for filling said vessel; and, a cooling means in contact with gaseous CO1 from the container, and a cooling means adjacent to the lower wall of the container. Liquid c, in communication with the interior of the container.

, storing liquid cO2 at low pressure and having a supply conduit for the supply of storage of liquefied gas according to the invention in an apparatus for supplying and extinguishing fires; With respect to storage, the term "low pressure" includes pressures of approximately 1.000 to 4.0 OOKPa. nothing.

Conversely, with respect to the storage of liquefied gases according to the prior art, the term "high pressure" 000 to 20.0OOKPa.

The cooling means may be located in the upper part of the container in the area normally occupied by the gas. and any heat exchanger such as an evaporator attached to a compression or absorption refrigeration device. Any means for cooling the gaseous form of CO2 may be used, such as an exchanger.

The evaporator suitably extends through and is supported by the top wall of the pressure vessel. one or more evaporator coils that can This structure is used for pressure vessel side walls and The bottom wall may be drilled or otherwise formed without openings in this area. and allow.

Alternatively, the pressure vessel, and especially a large number of pressure vessels, may be separated into separate chambers and gas chambers containing the cooling means. gas in each pressure vessel, thereby allowing the gas in each pressure vessel to be cooled. Wear.

The refrigeration equipment may be supported by a pressure vessel and, suitably, a Mounted adjacent to the top wall of the pressure vessel and above the evaporator coil to allow for flexible designs. It will be done.

The inlet means may suitably extend through the top wall of the pressure vessel and It consists of one or more conduits extending through the interior of the vessel to a location near the bottom wall. Appropriately , the lower end of the conduit forms an inclined opening, so that the bottom of the pressure vessel at the lower end of the conduit It abuts the wall but still allows CO1 to pass into the conduit. entrance means The benefit of this configuration is that the incoming gas is filtered through the liquid CO1 in the tank. It should be able to be washed and cooled. The contents of the tank are also CO t can be pumped out through the inlet means without having to pass through a supply conduit.

The artificial means may alternatively be located in the upper part of the pressure vessel, which is normally occupied by gas. stomach. In this construction, the inlet means is connected to a gas inlet from which the incoming fluid is present within the pressure vessel. It may be placed so that it is sprayed onto or through the gas. gas in fluid The gas component drifts downward and mixes with the cooler gas present in the system, but The semi-cooled liquid of the incoming fluid falls onto the liquid surface where it resides in the container. When a part of the gas present is condensed. This is done by modifying the incoming gas. can help maintain operating pressure in the container.

The inlet means also sprays the incoming fluid onto or in contact with the cooling means. It may be arranged so that

The exit means are through the top wall of the pressure vessel and the area normally occupied by the gas. It consists of one or more conduits extending into it. Instead, the conduit typically runs through the interior of the container. It can extend to a lower position in the area occupied by the liquid.

The inlet means and the outlet means may consist of a common conduit.

The supply conduit preferably has a supply for regulating the passage of liquid COt from the cylinder. Includes supply valve. Supply valves can be operated manually or by remote sensors be able to. To compensate for the low pressure in the pressure vessel, the supply conduit is suitably a liquid conduit. than the corresponding high pressure vessel to allow a similar volume of tube to exit the vessel. It also has a large internal cross-sectional area dimension. Instead, a booster such as an auxiliary high-pressure vessel - A high pressure source can be provided.

The device suitably includes a liquid level indicator. Liquid level indicating means It may be the same as that disclosed in the previous international patent.

Alternatively, the liquid level indicating means has a current capacity that corresponds to the respective gas phase and multiple spaced thermally responsive transistors that vary as a function of the heat transfer rate of the and liquid phase. The probe may include a probe having a terrestrial terrestrial probe.

A suitable level indicator of this type is described in Australian patent application PK3464 has been done. In another alternative, the probe is in the gas phase and in the presence of liquefied gas. one or more generators that are activated or deactivated as a function of the change in dielectric constant between the liquid and liquid phases. May include a shaker.

The liquid level indicating means preferably passes through the top wall of the pressure vessel and extends throughout the vessel. up to the bottom wall of the container to allow determining the liquid level at the level of It is extending.

Suitably, the liquid level indicating means is arranged within a housing, said housing being under pressure. It extends into the pressure vessel through the top wall of the vessel. In this embodiment, the liquid level indicator Indicators destroy the sealing integrity of the pressure vessel for inspection and/or replacement. It can be removed regularly without any problems.

Additional cooling means may be attached to the inlet means to cool the fluid before it enters the pressure vessel. good. This further cooling means is adjacent to the exterior of the pressure vessel and includes an inlet means. It can be placed in heat exchange relationship with the tube.

The device will release pressure in case of excess pressure build-up due to refrigeration system failure, overfilling, etc. Can contain valves. A pressure relief valve is located at one end of a conduit extending through the top wall of the pressure vessel. It may be provided adjacent or alternatively may be attached to the exit means.

Suitably, the device senses variations from predetermined parameters and if includes one or more sensors for activating an alarm if a fluctuation is detected; .

Sensors typically include high pressure sensors, low pressure sensors, overfill sensors, and underfill sensors. including foot sensors, power failure sensors or any combination thereof.

The pressure sensor suitably includes a pressure switch in gas communication with the pressure vessel and typically Typically, the pressure relief valve is in communication with the conduit to which it is connected.

The filling sensor is suitably activated by the level indicating means.

Each sensor can be connected to a central computer or to a remote station via a telephone line. can be connected to a pressure vessel, thereby monitoring pressure vessel parameters. be able to.

The apparatus may include heating means in heat exchange relationship with the interior of the pressure vessel. The heating means Can be placed in the lower part of the pressure vessel in an area normally occupied by liquid. Ru. Alternatively, the heating means may be located external to the pressure vessel and in heat exchange relationship therewith. Wear. The heating means shall be heated by waste heat from a condenser attached to the cooling means. Can be done.

Alternatively, the heating means may be electrically excited. Suitably the heating means is a pressure vessel. within a housing located in the lower portion of the container and in heat exchange relationship with the fluid in the container. Consists of arranged heating elements. Alternatively, the heating means may be placed around the periphery of the pressure vessel. The heating element may include one or more heating elements located in the heating element. The heating element is One or more heating pads, heating strips, tape or can consist of elements. Suitably a housing containing the heating means passes through the top wall of the pressure vessel, and passes through the pressure vessel to a point near the bottom wall of the pressure vessel! fart It is extending. Instead, the housing extends through the sidewall of the pressure vessel. This house The advantage of heating means is that the heating means can be removably placed inside the housing and the pressure Allows periodic inspection and/or replacement without destroying the sealing integrity of the container. It is to be allowed. In yet another embodiment, the heating means has one end connected to the container. into the lower part, usually occupied by the liquid, and the other end is usually occupied by the gas in the container. It may also be in heat exchange relationship with an external conduit passing to the occupied upper part. another heating means may be provided in the supply conduit supplying the liquid CO8.

The device may include a high pressure fluid storage vessel (having a pressure of 8,000 KPa or more). and suitably comprises a conventional high pressure gas cylinder. high pressure fluid storage The container is pressurized to facilitate passage of liquid CO1 through the supply conduit. It can work. The high pressure fluid storage vessel is connected to the interior of the low pressure vessel by a fluid conduit. is appropriate. Suitably, valve means are provided in the fluid conduit to prevent fire-related conditions. A detection means responsive to the flow of high pressure fluid from the high pressure storage vessel to the pressure vessel during use is provided. operative to open said valve means to permit flow;

The valve means may suitably be mechanically actuated, thermally responsive actuated, hydraulically actuated, or electrically actuated. actuation means, or a combination thereof.

The detection means may be any suitable means for detecting or sensing conditions associated with the presence of a fire. It can be done by any means. Detection means can be infrared, gaseous combustion products, or both. can respond. Suitable sensing means include meltable elements, thermally responsive elements, etc. nothing.

The fire extinguishing system should suitably be connected to the pressure vessel supply conduit C○, from the pressure vessel to the hazardous area. and a pressure vessel as described above, in fluid communication with the transport conduit for transport to.

Suitably, a plurality of pressure vessels are connected to a common manifold.

The pressure vessel is in constant fluid communication with the manifold, thereby pressurizing the manifold. or alternatively each pressure vessel controls the passage of the co, into the manifold. It may also include a supply valve located in the supply conduit. The supply valve should be removed manually or in hazardous areas. It can be actuated from the closed position to the open position by means of a covering sensor.

The transport conduit for transporting CO2 from the pressure vessel to the hazardous area is suitably a manifold. connected to the Preferably, the transport conduit passes through the manifold valve to the manifold. connected to. Manifold valves can be installed manually or by sensors covering hazardous areas. It can be operated from the closed position to the open position by the operator.

Multiple transport conduits can be connected to the manifold to transport liquid CO1 to multiple hazardous locations or hazards. It can be transported to various parts within the hazardous area.

Where appropriate, each pressure vessel may be located at a single hazardous location or at several separate hazardous locations. and a supply valve that can be separately operated by one or more sensors that can be used.

Each sensor calculates the volume of the hazardous area controlled by each sensor, and One or more of the one or more pressure vessels so as to transport the required amount of C○ toward the hazardous area. calculation means for operating the supply valves and one or more manifold valves (if any); A transport conduit that can be connected to C○, from the pressure vessel to the hazardous area or areas A primary conduit for transportation to the hazardous area, and a secondary conduit for transportation through the hazardous area. A plurality of secondary conduits may be included extending through the secondary conduits. Secondary conduits should appropriately contain COl. and one or more discharge nozzles for discharging into a hazardous area.

To maintain a virtually constant discharge pressure from each discharge nozzle, - /or the secondary conduit may have a reduced cross-sectional area along its length.

The discharge nozzle preferably has an upper substantially spherical body connected to the transport conduit; an upper conically shaped lower outlet and communicating with the transport conduit and extending into the upper body portion; and having one or more openings for discharging COl from the transport conduit to the entire upper side wall. The COI is then routed through the lower outlet to the hazardous area.

Drawing description The invention will be described with respect to the following description of embodiments thereof.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 2; FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

5 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 4; FIG.

6 and 7 show an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention, including a high pressure fluid storage container. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram of an apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing system according to another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a typical transport conduit containing multiple discharge nozzles.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred discharge nozzle.

FIG. 15 illustrates the layout of an existing fire extinguishing system.

Detailed description of the invention Figure 1 shows a device for storing and delivering CO8 at low pressure for use in fire extinguishing. Disclose. The device 10 has an outer cavity which can be made of metal or plastic material. Including net 11. At the bottom of the outer cabinet 11, the fork of the lifting device Spacers 12 are spaced to allow passage between the spacers 12 and transportation of the device. It is raised from the floor part by the sir 12.

The outer cabinet 11 houses the pressure vessel 13 (more clearly shown in FIG. 2). accommodate. The outer cabinet 11 has a top wall 14 and is arranged on the top wall 14. It includes an upper shield 15 to protect related components from damage. Gold 1516 The upper rung 15 is placed at the top to prevent damage to the various parts located in this area. Connect to wall I4.

The device includes a supply conduit 17 that extends through an opening in the upper shield 15 and terminating in a supply valve 18, as described in more detail in . The supply valve 18 is manually operated or Can be operated at intervals by remote sensors.

As shown in FIG. Concatenated.

The front panel 21 has various controls for indicating various conditions within the tank or equipment. Accommodates a pressure gauge 22 and an alarm 23.

Referring to FIG. 2, tank 13 is surrounded by an insulating material 22, which A preferred embodiment is polyurethane foam. Steam seal (not shown) ) is provided around the insulating material 22, typically a bituminous or pitch-like material. Rinaru.

Tank 13 is supported within cabinet 11 by legs 23.

The tank 13 extends through the top wall 25 of the tank 13 to near the bottom wall 26 of the tank 13. and an inlet means 24 consisting of a suitable pipe. If there is a pipe at the bottom of the pipe 24, Once the pipe 24 abuts the bottom wall 26, the opening that allows fluid flow through the pipe 24 remains open. An angled aperture 26A is formed to provide a sloping opening. At the upper end of the pipe 24, there is a pad. A conventional quick-connect coupling assembly to allow connection of a type to a CO1 source. 27 are provided.

The tank 13 also extends to the upper part of the tank 13 normally occupied by gas; A conventional quick-connect coupling assembly is then formed as in the case of pipe 24. and outlet means in the form of a pipe (not shown).

The device further includes a refrigeration device 28 and an upper portion normally occupied by gas. It includes cooling means in the form of an evaporator coil 29 located within the tank. Refrigeration equipment The evaporator coil 29 is supported by the top wall of the cabinet 11 and the evaporator coil 29 is connected to the pressure vessel. 513 through the opening in the top wall 25 and around the supply conduit 17 . However, it should be noted that this particular arrangement of evaporator coil 29 is for convenience only. should be recognized.

A pressure relief valve 30 extends through the top wall of the pressure vessel 13 to allow excess pressure to be vented from the device. allow it to happen.

The supply conduit 17 extends through the top wall 25 and terminates near the bottom wall of the pressure vessel 13. ing. The lower end of the supply conduit 17 has a slope to facilitate the movement of liquid COt into the conduit. An opening is formed. A supply conduit 17 extends through the top seal 15 and 1 may be associated with a supply valve as clearly shown in FIG.

Pressure vessel I3 includes a probe-shaped probe having a plurality of spaced apart thermally responsive transistors. It includes liquid level indicating means 31. The probe 31 indicates when the tank is full or 90% full. It extends partially into the container 13 to allow measurement of the liquid level at the time. Of course , the probe 31 is adjacent to the bottom wall 26 to allow measurement of all levels in the vessel. can extend through the container 11 until it reaches the end.

The equipment for the storage and supply of 500 kg of CO8 shall be of the following or equivalent unit size: It has many characteristics.

Material Nigel AS l 548-7-48 OR boiler plate N plate/ Head: AS1548-7-460 Boiler plate nozzle: 15mm-20 mm-50mm NBGR106B pipe working pressure 2000-2200KPa Design pressure 238QKPa Test pressure 3600KPa Operating temperature, -17℃ Pressure release valve: hydrostatic release valve Safety valve thefting: 2400KPa Supply valve: 2 inch BSPT locking ball valve Control valve Supply: Inlet 2000KPa, outlet A00KPa regulator: KPa Refrigeration unit: 200W, condensing unit capacity at -25℃ Refrigerant: R22 (Freon) Dimensions: width 950mm x 950mm, height 2000mm Own weight: 459kg Level indicator = 100% full 525kg, 90% full 472kg Insulated/closed cell polyurethane Supply connection: 1/4 inch BSPT female liquid fill: 3/4 inch quick connect cup Ring steam return, 1/2 inch quick connect force, twin ring supply line, 2 inches CHBSPT High pressure alarm: 2300KPa (automatic reset) Low pressure alarm: 1900 KPa (automatic reset) pressure gauge: 0-4000KPa FIG. 3 schematically discloses the layout of the various parts supported by the top wall 14. do. This figure shows the refrigeration system 28. Inlet nook 24 and outlet steam return bypass Bu32. Supply conduit 17. Supply valve 18. Refrigeration pressure switch 33. High pressure switch 3 4. Low pressure switch 35° gauge connection test connector 36.192 circuit board 3 7. Visual pressure gauge 22. Refrigeration control relay 3B, power failure relay 39. gauge line Isolation valve 40. Release valve control connection 41. and the arrangement of the pressure release valve 30. This special The default layout is for convenience only; other layouts may be used equally. We should recognize that we can.

FIG. 4 discloses an alternative embodiment of a pressure vessel according to the invention. The pressure vessel 42 has a top wall 43 and a bottom wall 44, from the bottom wall of the cabinet (not shown) by legs 45. Supported. In this embodiment, the supply conduit 46 passes through one side of the top wall 43. It extends to near the bottom wall 44. The supply conduit 46 includes a supply conduit external to the pressure vessel 42. 46 and liquid CO! A connector 47 is formed that can connect to a source. Ru. Coupling 47 allows conduit 46 to act as a supply conduit and as a pressure vessel. Allowing it to function as an entry means for filling. The outlet means 48 is a supply conduit. Pressure located away from tube 46 and normally occupied by gas through top wall 43 Extends to the top of the container. This particular arrangement is formed or drilled into the pressure vessel 42. Minimize the number of apertures required. Liquid level monitoring device 49 is connected to pressure vessel 4 2 and extending to the bottom wall 44 to allow accurate measurement of liquid level. Bil. The pressure vessel in this embodiment has a tubular housing 5 extending through the vessel 42. Contains 0. The housing 50 includes an element to permit heating of the liquid contents of the tank. A removable heater (not shown), such as a heater, can be accommodated.

FIG. 6 shows a pressure vessel 60 and a CO warehouse at approximately 14,000 KPa. An arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention comprising a high pressure fluid storage vessel 61 in the form of a steel cylinder. Disclose the location. A conduit 62 connects the output C valve 63 of the cylinder 6I to the top of the pressure vessel 6I. Connecting to an inlet port 64 having an opening.

Pressure vessel 60 contains liquid COt at a pressure of 1600 to 2300 KPa. Contains an insulated storage container. The evaporator 65 of the refrigeration system 66 is normally filled with gas. located above the level of liquid CO, in the area served.

An outlet boat 67 has an opening into the pressure vessel near the bottom wall 68 of vessel 60.

Outlet port 67 connects via supply conduit 68 to a reticular system having a plurality of discharge nozzles 70. system 69.

A fire detection sensor 71 in the form of a heat or gas sensing detector is located at a diaphragm in conduit 62. operatively connected to a vacuum valve or solenoid valve 72 so that the gas is in the pressure vessel 60. A burst valve 73 is provided within conduit 68 to prevent leakage. The valve 73 is When the pressure vessel 60 is pressurized by high pressure gas from the vessel 61, a predetermined Consists of a fracture diaphragm that ruptures under pressure.

In the event of a fire, in response to temperatures exceeding predetermined limits or the presence of combustion gases. The sensor 71 actuates the valve 72, causing high pressure CO2 to enter the pressure vessel 60 and pressurize it. allow. The liquid CO2 contained in the pressure vessel 60 is then under high pressure. After the force, it is extruded into the reticular system 69 and discharged from the nozzle 70.

By using relatively large diameter conduits to distribute liquid CO1 in a network, The entire contents of pressure vessel 60 are heated so that the liquid forms an instantaneous gas blanket over the fire. The sea urchin liquid can be rapidly discharged as a liquid into the boiling fire area.

The capacity of the high pressure cylinder 61 is sufficient to discharge liquid co from the pressure vessel 6o. or it can be selected to prevent subsequent release into the co, gas fire area. You can have excess capacity to provide.

FIG. 7 discloses a variation of the embodiment of FIG. As shown in Figure 7, the device Container 80. High pressure vessel 81. and allows selective fluid communication between vessels 8o and 81 It includes a conduit 82 to provide a. Conduit 82 is connected at one end to high pressure gas cylinder 82 to the upper valve 83 and at the other end preferably an opening near the top of the pressure vessel 80. It is connected to an inlet boat 84 having a. Supply conduit 85 is in fluid communication with the interior of container 8o. , and connected via conduit 86 to a reticular system 87 having a plurality of discharge nozzles 88. be done.

Diaphragm valve 89 is configured to reduce the amount of water in branch conduit 91 extending from the high pressure side of valve 98 to conduit 86 Closed to normally closed position by low gas pressure maintained in conduit 86 by pressure valve 90 has been done. Valve 89 is normally biased to the closed position by low pressure gas in conduit 91. There is. Meanwhile, a check valve 92 is provided in conduit 9 to prevent backflow of pressurized fluid from container 80. 1.

The discharge nozzle 88 is typically provided by a heat fusible element (not shown) of conventional type. biased toward the closed position. In the event of a fire, one or more molten elements may melt or split. and open each nozzle. The subsequent drop in gas pressure within that special thickness 186 is Open the valve 89 and drain the liquid co from the container 8o in the manner described for No. 6rllJ. Allow to be discharged.

A particular advantage of this system is that liquid COt is only released into the area where the fire is detected. It is to be able to do so.

In still other modifications, the device generally shown in FIG. A low pressure vessel 80 containing an aqueous solution containing a suspended flame retardant chemical may be included. Ru. Nozzle 88 is suitable for spraying liquid evenly over a given surface area. A liquid distribution nozzle with a Application of water is limited to the immediate area of the fire, and the amount of water This limits the extent of water damage normally associated with water sprinklers.

The pressurized gas cylinder 81 prevents further fire of CO7 after the fire area has been flooded with water. A blanket covering the area is released into the area to prevent further damage. , may contain excess pressurized gas. High pressure gas cylinders use compressed air or Any inert extinguishing gas such as COI, nitrogen, argon or synthetic extinguishing gas It is to include.

FIG. 8 relates to another embodiment of the device. This figure shows liquid CO2 at low pressure. A pressure vessel 100 for storage and dispensing is disclosed. pressure vessel 100 is insulated (not shown). The container is for filling the container 100 with liquid CO7. an inlet means 101 with an inlet valve 102 and typically occupied by gas. an inlet conduit 103 extending through the top wall of the vessel 100 to the top of the tank Ru. The pressure vessel further extends through the top wall of vessel 100 to near the bottom wall of vessel 100. Includes supply conduit 104. Within the upper portion of container 100 are generally designated 106 and compressor 1079 capillary 108, dryer/filter 109 and condensate A refrigerant evaporator 105 connected to a circuit with a conventional refrigeration system including a vessel 110. Shape of cooling means is arranged. The inlet conduit 103 connects the incoming Cot to the evaporator 105. is placed in contact with and sprayed on.

Liquid level indicating means in the form of a probe 110 is located within the pressure vessel lOO and its It extends close to the bottom wall and is connected to a readout indicating the liquid level. pressure release Valve 1]3 is installed at the top of the container 100 to vent pressure exceeding a predetermined limit. Mounted to the wall.

A pressure-activated switch (not shown) is activated when a pre-pressure within the container 100 is reached. , cools the gas Cot at the top of the container 100, thereby turning the refrigeration system off. The refrigeration system reduces the pressure inside the container to a predetermined level that is The system operates to operate the system 106. A heating element 113 is provided, and It includes a closure tube 114 extending across the interior of the container and includes a heating element (not shown). ) is placed within this closed tube. In this embodiment, the element is simple may be removed from the tube for inspection or replacement. The heating element is Operated to maintain liquid CO3 within predetermined pressure and temperature limits. can be done.

The heating element 115 is otherwise heated around the supply conduit 104 during a large discharge rate. and another cooling element 116 is included for filling purposes. can be placed around the inlet 103 to further cool the incoming Cot. Ru.

FIG. 9 discloses a modification of FIG. 8 in which the inlet means pass through the top wall of the pressure vessel 100. It consists of a conduit 120 extending close to its bottom wall.

In this embodiment, the incoming COr is filtered through liquid CO2 within the container 100. and thereby cooled. As in FIG. 8, the outlet means is the pressure valve 1 13.

Figure 70 shows the inlet means for filling the container and the supply for supplying liquid C02. Another embodiment of the device is illustrated in which the supply conduits are coupled to a common conduit 125. this is The need to drill or otherwise form openings within container 100 is minimized.

FIG. 11 shows a plurality of pressure vessels for storing and dispensing liquid C○ at low pressure. A fire extinguishing system is disclosed that includes 140-144. Each of pressure capacity 5140-144 is connected to manifold 145 and constantly supplies manifold 145 with CO2. It's pressing. If the supply valve is provided between the pressure vessel and the manifold, the supply valve is left in the fully open position. Manifold valve 148゜1 is connected to manifold 145. Two separate transport conduits 146.1 connected to manifold 145 via 49 47 are connected. Valve 148, 149 is dangerous, sensor 150 located at the site ．． 150A. A number of secondary conduits 151-154 are connected to the transport conduit 14. 6.147 and includes a plurality of discharge nozzles 155,156.

In case of a fire somewhere in the hazardous area, each sensor 150.15OA will be The valves 148 and 149 are operated, and the pressure vessels 140 to 144 are connected to the manifold 14. 5 and transport conduit 146 (or 147) and discharge nozzle 155 or causes it to release its contents through +56.

FIG. 12 illustrates an improved version of the system of FIG. 11. In this diagram, multiple pressure vessels 160-164 are connected to a common manifold through individual supply valves 166-170. connected to field 165. Similar to Figure 11, one or more transport conduits (Figure 12) 2) are connected to manifold 165 through manifold valves 173 and 174. and relates to a co, m-shaped system similar to that disclosed in FIG.

Sensors 175, 176 are placed at each hazardous location, and a logic processor 17 Connected to a central computer in the form of 7. Of course, processors are Activate supply valves 166-170 and their respective manifold valves 1.73.174 be able to.

When a fire is detected in a hazardous area, each sensor is activated by a logic processor 177. send a signal to. The logic processor 177 calculates the volume of each hazardous area. or have it in its storage memory) and one or more of the pressure volumes 5160-164. Activate the upper and respective manifold valves 173, 174 to supply the liquid C02 directly. Direct the correct amount to the dangerous area.

This system eliminates the need to use or evacuate all pressure vessels at the same time; fires were detected during some filling operations of pressure vessels. It has the advantage of having a fully filled pressure vessel as a backup. capacity A leak or damage to one pressure vessel that causes liquid COt to escape from the vessel may This probably does not cause damage to the O7 contents (this does not occur in the system shown in Figure 11). ). - in a modification, the discharge nozzle can include a meltable element, and when a fire is detected by one or more discharge nozzles, the discharge is sent to that particular nozzle. A signal is sent to logic processor 177 which calculates the exact amount of liquid COt to be added. Ru. Pressure vessels 160-164 do not have to have the same volume; the logic processor selectively opening the supply valves of specific containers of interest, thereby removing the Pressure vessels of different volumes (525 kg, 3okg and 150kg).

Figure 13 shows one line for transporting CO2 from the pressure vessel to the hazardous area. a secondary conduit 190 and - extending from the secondary conduit 190 and a discharge nozzle 192.19. Illustrated part of a particular conduit system consisting of a plurality of secondary conduits containing 3+91 do.

- the secondary conduit 190 is a constituent in the conduit after the first secondary conduit branches from it; The cross-sectional area is reduced to ensure consistent pressure. Similarly, each secondary conductor The tube also follows the one or more discharge nozzles so as to provide approximately equal discharge pressure to each nozzle. The cross-sectional area is decreasing.

The areas of reduced cross section are connected together via suitable diameter reducing couplings (not shown). It consists of pipes of different diameters connected together.

FIG. 14 illustrates a discharge nozzle suitable for use in a fire extinguishing system. Nozzle 2 00 has an upper spherical body 201 and a lower substantially conical outlet 202. include. The upper body 201 can be connected to the secondary conduit (or secondary conduit) in any suitable manner. and the hollow spigot 203 communicates with the conduit and passes through the spherical body 201. It extends to the approximate midpoint. The spigot 203 includes a plurality of lower openings 204. , through which liquid CO2 is ejected substantially laterally and from the lower outlet 202. Take the path generally indicated by arrow 205 emanating from the screen.

Figure 15 shows the layout for converting an existing halon system to a liquid CO2 system. Disclose out.

The room size (dangerous area) is 12m x 5.6m x 2.4m = 161°3m'.

National Fire Prevention Code [1112-2,4,2 (NFPA12-2.4.2) is 1.22k g/m' of CO, or 215 kg of total CO.

The regulation requires this amount to be released in 7 minutes, and 30.65 kgZ (67, A release rate of 5 bonds/min) is required.

Each nozzle has a discharge rate of 15.35 kg/min.

The pipe lengths of the system are as follows:

Use NFPA12 Table A-1-10, 5(e) to determine the quality of specific pipes. The version would look like this:

Using NFPA12 Table A-1-10, 5(f), NFPA12 1-Jo, 5 ．． From Table A-1, for section 2-3 with an input pressure of 280 psi, -10,5(a), Y=1119. Z=0.264Q″=3933974 ．． '2615=627.71 b/min Assume the release rate is e.g. 450/b/min And from the curve of Al-10,5A, Section 1-2 pressure drop = 2 psi Final pressure Section 1-2 = 298 psi Final pressure section 2-3 = 290psi Final pressure section 3-4 = 288 ps i Nozzle l Final pressure section 3-5 = 28 3 psi Pressure at nozzle 2 nozzle l - 288 ps 1 = 2795 fb/m in/i required flow rate = 2251b/min Nozzle orifice = 0.0805 in' = 5/16 in diameter approx. Refice) Pressure at nozzle 2 = 283ps 1 = 2535j! b/min/in! Required flow rate = 2254! b/min Nozzle orifice = 0.0888in” = 5/16in diameter approx. ) The fire extinguishing system according to the present invention uses a conventional halon discharge nozzle as shown in FIG. currently used in halon extinguishing systems, although it is preferred to replace The same piping network can be used.

In contrast, high-pressure CO2 systems, halon extinguishing systems, as well as low-pressure CO2 Since it operates under pressure, direct connection to the halon piping network is not possible.

The device of the invention is fully self-contained and portable to allow movement; can be placed in any desired location within the building, either on the basement floor or on the outside of the building. you don't need to do that. Unit storage of 500 kg of CO2 is possible using a large household refrigerator or a large occupies the same space as the body and does not require reinforcement of the floor on which the unit is placed. For this reason The unit can be installed in close proximity to the hazardous area, thereby providing Saves the required length of conduit.

Any number of units can be connected through a common manifold, allowing It is available in various sizes to allow any amount of liquid C○ to be discharged to the hazardous area. It can be made into

Alternatively, separate units can be used for separate hazardous areas, and This eliminates the need for complex interconnections of piping.

If the size of the hazardous area increases, connect additional units to existing units. or convert existing units into larger units with minimal cost or downtime. It can be replaced with. Alternatively, if the dimensions of the hazardous area are reduced, the unit can simply be replaced with a smaller unit.

The unit preferably continuously monitors the pressure and liquid level within the pressure vessel. monitor and ensure that fluctuations in pressure or liquid level can offset alarms or points in the vessel. Alarms and signals can be sent to remote stations to allow inspection. It has an array of sensors.

Various other changes and modifications may be made that depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. It should be recognized that additions can be made to the specific examples described without departing from them. be.

Special table Hei 5-504702 (1G) 11% 101 11'1 Summary book Devices and systems for storing and supplying liquid CO1 at low pressure for fire extinguishing purposes Mu. The device includes a pressure vessel (13) for storing liquid C○ at low pressure, and a pressure vessel (13) for storing liquid C○ at low pressure. cooling means (29) in contact with the gaseous CO1 of the container to maintain filling the container; an inlet (24) and an outlet (32) for liquid CO2 to pass from the container into the reticular system. A supply conduit (17) in communication with the lower part of the interior of the container, allowing it to be fed to the system. including. Multiple pressure vessels can be connected through the manifold (165). , provides the necessary amount of COz to the hazardous area. Supply valve (18) or manifold valve (173, 174) are operated by sensors (175, 176) in the dangerous area and control the logic processor (177) to regulate the valves and liquid COr. It can be used to This device and system depletes the ozone layer It is specifically designed as a replacement for the current Halonsis.

1. Display of patent application P CT/AU91100006 λ Name of invention 3. Patent applicant Name: Pyrozone, Proprietary, Limited Representative: Boundy, Ro bart Nationality: Australia 6. Agent October 21, 1991 6. List of attached documents (1) Translation of the written amendment The scope of claims is amended as follows.

The scope of the claims ], the apical wall and the basal end! storing liquid CO2 at low pressure with sidewalls continuous with and an elongated pressure vessel for dispensing and through said top wall for filling said vessel; inlet and outlet means extending and communicating with the interior of the pressure vessel; extending through the end wall and contacting the gas COr in the container to cool the gas CO, cooling means extending through the top wall of the container and disposed within the container and proximate the bottom end wall; a supply conduit for supplying liquid CO7 from a container in communication with the container; inside the container through the top wall of the container to monitor the level of liquid COz in the container. a liquid level indicating means extending to and in fluid communication with the supply conduit and at a low pressure C; A transport conduit extending to the hazardous area to transport O2 from the pressure vessel to the hazardous area. , CO from the conduit to the hazardous area! connected to said conduit to permit passage of one or more discharge nozzles A fire extinguishing system characterized by comprising:

2. The pressure vessel is connected to the supply conduit to control the passage of liquid CO8 through the supply conduit. 2. The system of claim 1 including an attached supply valve.

3. The supply valve operates from the closed position to the open position when a sensor detecting a dangerous area is activated. 3. The system of claim 2.

4, including a plurality of said pressure vessels connected to a common manifold, the transport conduit being connected to a common manifold; 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is connected to a nitrogen fold.

5. Contains a manifold valve to regulate the passage of liquid COr into the transport conduit. System for requirement 4.

6. The manifold valve is moved from the closed position to the open position by a sensor that detects dangerous areas. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the system is operated.

7. Multiple pressures each connected to a common manifold through their respective supply valves. a container, and at least one of the supply valves is actuated by a sensor that detects a hazardous area. actuated from a closed position to an open position when the transport conduit is connected to the manifold. 2. The system of claim 1.

8. The supply valve is closed when multiple sensors detecting one or more dangerous areas are activated. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the system is actuated from the open position to the open position.

9. The sensor calculates the volume of the hazardous area covered by the sensor, 1 or above pressure vessel supply valves and respective manifold valves (if present). activated and coupled to a computing means for transporting the co toward the hazardous area. 8. The system 10 of claim 7, wherein the transport conduit directs CO8 from a pressure vessel to a hazardous location. A primary conduit for transportation and multiple conduits extending through the hazardous area from each secondary conduit. consisting of secondary conduits, at least one secondary conduit for releasing COt to the hazardous area. 2. The system of claim 1, including one or more discharge nozzles.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel includes heating means for heating the co. Tem.

12. gI4g continuous with the top and bottom walls! storage of liquid CO with low pressure a pressure vessel for supplying and dispensing a pressure vessel through said top wall for filling said vessel; inlet and outlet means extending from and in communication with the interior of the pressure vessel; extends through the top wall and contacts the gas COt in the container to cool the gas C○, a cooling means extending through the top wall of said container and connecting the interior and bottom end wall of said container; Liquid CO communicating nearby! a supply conduit for supplying from the container; through the top wall of the container into the interior of the container to monitor the liquid CO8 level in the container. Liquid C for extinguishing fires, characterized in that it is provided with extending liquid level indicating means A device for storing and supplying O8.

13. The cooling means includes an evaporator attached to the refrigeration device, and the evaporator is usually a gas. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the apparatus is located in the upper part of the pressure vessel which is the occupied area.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the refrigeration device is supported adjacent to an upper portion of the pressure vessel. Place.

15. The inlet means communicates with the interior of the pressure vessel near the bottom wall of the pressure vessel, and the outlet means communicates with the interior of the pressure vessel near the bottom wall of the pressure vessel. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the stage communicates with the interior of the pressure vessel near the top wall of the pressure vessel. Place.

16. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the inlet means and the supply conduit are congruent.

17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the pressure vessel is insulated.

18. The device according to claim 12, further comprising heating means in heat exchange relationship with the inside of the pressure vessel. Place.

19. Pressure that allows CO□ above a predetermined limit to pass through the pressure vessel 13. The apparatus of claim 12, including a relief valve.

20. Sensing variations from predetermined parameters of the device, and and one or more sensors to activate an alarm if a fluctuation is detected. 13. The apparatus of claim 12.

21.1 or higher sensors detect pressure fluctuations in a pressure vessel, liquid level in a pressure vessel, 21. The device of claim 20, wherein the device detects fluctuations and/or fluctuations in the power supply to the device.

22. The supply conduit is equipped with a supply valve that regulates the passage of liquid co through the supply conduit. The apparatus of claim I2.

23, the elongated pressure vessel is placed within the outer cabinet, and the insulating material is placed within the outer cabinet. placed between the net and the pressure vessel, the outer cabinet is connected to the refrigeration means 13. The device of claim 12, having a top wall supporting the device.

24, including a shield member remote from the top wall, the refrigeration device and the sensor circuit 24. The apparatus of claim 23, disposed between the top wall and the shield member.

25. Allow lifting and support by lifting equipment to permit transportation of equipment. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, including means for accommodating.

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Claims (32)

[Claims] 1. liquid CO in communication with the lower part of the pressure vessel usually occupied by liquid 2 containing a supply conduit for storing and supplying liquid CO2 under low pressure. A pressure vessel for supplying water, and a supply conduit and fluid communication from the pressure vessel to the hazardous area. Transport conduits extending to hazardous areas for transporting low-pressure C02, and one or more discharge nozzles connected to the transport conduit to permit passage of CO2 to the hazardous site; Cheating A fire extinguishing system characterized by comprising: 2. In the pressure vessel there is a space in its upper part normally occupied by gaseous CO2. 2. The system of claim 1 including cooling means located in the area. 3. Claim comprising inlet means and outlet means for filling said pressure vessel. 2 system. 4. The pressure vessel is attached to the supply conduit to control the passage of CO2 through the transport conduit. 4. A system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, including a supply valve attached. 5. The supply valve moves from the closed position to the open position when the sensor covering the hazardous area is activated. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein: 6. comprising a plurality of pressure vessels connected to a common manifold, said transport conduit being connected to a common manifold; 6. A system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the system is connected to a nitrogen fold. 7. Includes a manifold valve that regulates the passage of liquid CO2 into the transport conduit. System of requirement 6. 8. Manifold valves are switched from the closed position to the open position by sensors placed in the hazardous area. 8. The system of claim 7, which is operated to. 9. Multiple pressures each connected to a common manifold through their own supply valves a container, and at least one said supply valve is activated by a sensor located at the hazardous location. and the transport conduit is connected to the manifold. 5. The system of claim 4. 10. All supply valves for each pressure vessel are switched from the closed position to the open position by sensors. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the system is operated to a position. 11. The supply malfunction occurred when multiple sensors placed in one or more hazardous areas were activated. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the system is actuated from a closed position to an open position. 12. the sensor calculates the volume of the hazard area covered by the sensor; one or more pressure vessel supply valves and their respective manifold valves (if present); connected to a calculation means for activating the CO2 and transporting the CO2 towards the hazardous area. The system according to any one of claims 5 and 8 to 11. 13. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein said computing means includes a logic processor. 14. The transport conduit is for transporting CO2 from the pressure vessel towards the hazardous area. consisting of a primary conduit and a plurality of secondary conduits, each extending from the primary conduit through the hazardous area; The at least one secondary conduit has one or more discharge ports for discharging CO2 to the hazardous area. 2. The system of claim 1 including a cheat. 15. The primary and/or secondary conduits are substantially constantly connected to one or more discharge nozzles. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the cross-sectional dimension is reduced to maintain a constant discharge pressure. 16. The discharge nozzle has an upper substantially spherical body connected to the transport conduit and a substantially conical upper body. a lower outlet in the shape communicating with the interior of the transport conduit and extending into the upper body; 2 from the transport conduit and against the side wall of the upper body. 2. The device according to claim 1, comprising a spigot, and the CO2 passes through the lower outlet to the hazardous area. system. 17. a pressure vessel for storing liquid CO2 having a top wall and a bottom wall; Inlet means and outlet means communicating with the interior of the pressure vessel for filling the pressure vessel and, Cooling means in contact with gaseous CO2 from the pressure vessel and pressure near the bottom wall of the pressure vessel. a supply conduit for supplying liquid CO2 communicating with the interior of the force vessel; A system for storing and supplying liquid CO2 at low pressure for fire extinguishing, characterized in that it is equipped with equipment for feeding. 18. The cooling means includes an evaporator attached to the refrigeration device, and the evaporator is usually a gas. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the apparatus is located in the upper part of the pressure vessel which is the occupied area. 19. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the evaporator is supported by the top wall of the pressure vessel. 20. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the refrigeration device is supported adjacent an upper portion of the pressure vessel. Place. 21. The inlet means communicate with the interior of the pressure vessel near the bottom wall of the pressure vessel, and the outlet means communicate with the interior of the pressure vessel near the bottom wall of the pressure vessel. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the stage communicates with the interior of the pressure vessel near the top wall of the pressure vessel. Place. 22. The supply conduit runs through the top wall of the pressure vessel and inside the pressure vessel to near its bottom wall. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, which is passing through. 23. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the inlet means and the supply conduit are congruent. 24. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the pressure vessel is insulated. 25. A level indicator placed within the pressure vessel to indicate the level of liquid within the pressure vessel. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, including indicating means. 26. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the level indicating means extends through the top wall of the pressure vessel. 27. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising heating means in heat exchange relationship with the interior of the pressure vessel. Place. 28. Pressure that allows CO2 above a predetermined limit to pass from the pressure vessel 18. The apparatus of claim 17, including a relief valve. 29. A pressure relief valve is provided in a conduit extending into the pressure vessel through the top wall of the pressure vessel. 29. The apparatus of claim 28. 30. Senses variations from predetermined parameters of the device and and is equipped with one or more sensors to activate an alarm if a fluctuation is detected. 18. The apparatus of claim 17. 31.1 or higher sensors detect pressure fluctuations in a pressure vessel, liquid level in a pressure vessel, 31. The device of claim 30, wherein the device detects fluctuations and/or fluctuations in the power supply to the device. 32. The supply conduit includes a supply valve that regulates the passage of liquid CO2 through the supply conduit. 18. The apparatus of claim 17.