JPH05502065A - Method for manufacturing articles with stable shape - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Method for manufacturing articles with stable shape The present invention adsorbs a valve of fluidized fiber raw material onto a mold base. By depositing the raw material on the mold base, a shape-stable article is produced. Relating to a method of manufacturing.

Flowable fiber raw materials are fibrous and in a wet state suitable for manufacturing the required article. refers to raw materials that can be in Such raw materials include, for example, fruits, flowers, eggs. , and fragile and delicate items, such as products made of glass. It can be a fiber valve material used as a tray or container for packaging. this bar The material usually comprises suspended fibrous cellulose.

It is well known to use the following manufacturing techniques for this purpose. this According to the manufacturing technology, the pulp-like raw material is shaped in the mold by the deposition process. Positioned against the outer surface for shaped shaping. This mold type is gas permeable. The gaseous working medium or the raw material is passed through the mold material by the suction action. This is done so as not to affect the amount of water. In this way, through the suction action, the mall The shape of the raw material is determined using a die and molded.

It is an object of the present invention to not only produce relatively small and lightweight articles, but also to Characterized by a dimensional stability substantially determined by the corresponding thickness of the material layer deposited on top It is also suitable for manufacturing large and heavy items with extremely large load capacities. The purpose is to demonstrate that the technology is suitable. In comparison, small and lightweight items The wall thickness is thin and the rigidity required for the product is usually achieved by slowly molding the wall panels. It can be obtained by molding. The wall panels may support articles, for example, and the walls may The mutual support creates a rigid overall article.

According to the invention, this above-mentioned object is achieved by forming a fibrous raw material that is free-flowing and easily Providing the base with a valve adapted to drain in large quantities, and the article A layer of fibrous raw material of a thickness that inherently provides the desired shape stability provides suction power. This is achieved by controlling its suction force to adhere onto the base by Ru.

This can be achieved by using the manufacturing techniques described above, such as pallets and building components. It also makes it possible to manufacture parts with a large load capacity. Such components are mentioned above. It may have a flat, smooth outer surface, as opposed to a flat packaging member. Also, that This in itself shows a high level of shape stability. Create a fiber raw material layer of desired thickness. Adhering means that the negative pressure used for suction is directed toward the mold surface. to produce a material density in the fiber raw material that is maximum at the outer position of the material layer. It means that.

This is achieved by being located at a distance from the center plane of the attached article. This means that it has a reinforcing effect.

Using the layer thickness of the article made in this way, the dimensional stability of the article is also determined according to the invention. It is possible to increase it.

This increase in shape stability is achieved for the fiber raw material layer) by dispersing it throughout. , by forming one or more layer thickness variations. This layer thickness The change in strength is due to the binding absorption for the fiber noclup required to make the entire article. During the drawing process, the suction effect is locally varied at the appropriate locations. This way In the same work process, that is, the process of attaching the fiber raw material onto the mold base. to mold the desired final shape of the article, and also use the thickness of the material layers. Mold forming improves the shape stability of the actual material that forms the object by It is possible to both mold the structure. According to the present invention, such The structure can be formed, for example, as a turn on the interlocking structure and other parts of the article. has a thicker layer thickness compared to

According to the invention, a suitable way of carrying out this method is to A mold is used to vacuum the valve of fiber raw material to the desired thickness. Therefore, this mold is permeable to the gaseous working medium under negative pressure, and this working medium is also permeable. It has a mold surface through which the medium can pass, and the permeability of this mold surface can be controlled. A layer of fiber raw material of the required thickness is deposited on the surface of the knot by the suction of the knob. be done so that it may be done.

In this way, the drainability of the valve and the thick fibers are used to obtain the required load capacity. The interaction between the suction ability of the mold surface and the ability to rationally manufacture parts with layers. It is possible to obtain.

In order to obtain local variations in the thickness of the fiber raw material layer in the article, according to the invention Mold type is used. This mold has a mold surface, and this mold surface is the layer thickness of an easily trainable fiber valve layer applied to its surface by suction. one or more local changes in each, or a coherent structure. Transparency changes depending on the turn.

This means that the adhesion of fiber raw materials on the mold surface changes the permeability of this mold surface. This causes a local change in the suction action and the mold surface In areas with poor permeability, it reduces the adhesion of fiber raw materials to the mold surface and On the other hand, high levels of adhesion occur on highly transparent areas of the mold surface. It means.

Embodiments of the method according to the invention can be easily drained to the desired thickness. It is characterized by using a mold to suck out the lubricant of the textile raw material. Ru. This mold type is designed to allow the gaseous working medium to permeate under negative pressure. and is partially made of structural material, taking into account at least the shape-forming part. the particle are secured together to form a shape-stable mold surface. At the same time as this , together provide a restriction for the passageway open to the working medium. These people The channels extend through the structural material to the outer surface of the mold. Also, forming the mold surface At least a layer of structural material is deposited on this surface by the valve suction. Controlled according to the thickness of the material layer.

Such molds can be manufactured inexpensively from inorganic raw materials such as sand. or , can be manufactured by a manufacturing technique that is simple, takes a short time, and is therefore inexpensive. Mo The overall manufacturing cost of the manufactured products is maintained at a low level. Therefore, this example It is also considered suitable for manufacturing products.

In order to achieve local variations in the thickness of the fiber raw material layer of the article, according to the invention A field type is used. In this case, the structural material formed on the mold surface is have a thickness that varies depending on one or more locally varying layer thicknesses, or is an easy-to-train fiber valve layer attached to the mold surface by suction. It has a varying thickness depending on the desired coherent structure pattern.

According to the present invention, a mold is used, the permeable mold surface of which has various particle sizes. formed by particles of

These particle sizes are reduced in the part that forms the mold surface of the mold, and in the lower support layer. In this way a good passage for the air It becomes possible to form a At the same time, smooth molding is required for the delicate articles being manufactured. It is possible to obtain an external surface. This creates a flat surface on the article.

The strength of the mold needed to transport it through the manufacturing process depends on the grain of the mold. This can be accomplished simply by mixing the particles with a suitable binder. Such a binder contains an adhesion improver and molds made with this mixture by e.g. heat treatment This is achieved by curing. In addition, wedging between particles also gives strength to the mold. It can be used to

Furthermore, according to the invention, it is possible to use a mold having a bottom member at the bottom. Wear. In this, the particles of the structural material are brought together by a truly molten compound. be combined. In contrast, the particles in the remaining part of the mold are a hardened adhesive compound. are connected to each other by. Such molds are expected to have good strength. It is characterized by. This strength allows it to withstand fairly high operating pressures.

Within the scope of the invention, the finishing press of the molded finished product may be A mold whose mold surface is so strong that it can be used with a mold. It is possible to use types. The finishing press removes the valve layer attached to the mold surface. This not only rapidly removes moisture from the This is in order to achieve particularly good material density. In this way, the final product is especially High dimensional stability is achieved.

The desired porosity in the mold is determined by appropriately selecting the particle size and particle distribution. This is achieved with The permeable mold surface has a fixed compound between the particles and an appropriate size of porosity. It consists of obtaining a good condition with respect to both law and law.

This results in undesirable pressure drops across the building material, which is unnecessarily crowded. The intention is to avoid the bottom.

As explained above, the above-mentioned process and mold type can actually be used with various fiber contents. Used to make up articles from suspended materials. All substances in the presence of auxiliary materials is necessary to effect bonding in the material layer obtained by suction onto the mold. be done.

A gaseous working medium causes a flowable fiber to form on the outside of the mold surface. Removal of an article formed with a textile material attached is actually a matter of removing the mold from the article. Compressed air is applied through the air channels of the mold, thereby freeing it from the mold. It is carried out by lifting it up so that it becomes .

However, in reality, this article is usually soft and therefore the article is easily removed from the mold. It is considered appropriate to use a transfer mold for the purpose of removing the . This mold interacts with the sides of the article to form the shape-forming outer portion described above. The article is removed by separating the article, and then the article is placed on a conveyor belt, for example. The belt is then conveyed to the drying room. Structural materials as mentioned above Air passages are formed on the outside of the mold by bonding the particles of the material to each other. Create an open, stable structure that extends toward the suction In this way, by connecting to its source to obtain the vacuum pressure that generates the force. It is within the scope of this invention to manufacture a transfer mold that is

This transfer mold directly attaches to the article manufactured on the casting mold. Manufactured based on. For example, the first auxiliary mold (female mold) made of plaster Made on top of products. This is placed on the side of the article facing away from the casting mold. handle. Then, a second auxiliary mold is placed on top of this first auxiliary mold (female mold). It is formed by a mold (male mold) or, for example, from plaster. After that, transfer mold type ( (female mold) is made directly on this second auxiliary mold.

This transparent mold surface is exposed before the deposition or transfer process begins. For purification purposes, the mold surface is exposed to air flowing through the mold passages for gaseous media. must be kept clean and clean.

The mold used according to the invention and composed of particles of structural material is After use or when abrasion occurs, the building material is formed by molded particles. Can be manufactured to be recyclable.

Regarding the manufacture of valves that are supposed to be easy to drain, the invention provides Using an initial raw material containing at least partially long fibers as fiber raw material I can do it. Some of these materials are stirred in the pulper and some are pretreated. Subjected to some separate controlled dry grinding. This allows the initial material to be divided into appropriate amounts. , and is divided into fibers. Articles are manufactured from valves made in this way. It is.

A book on the processing of textile raw materials to produce valves that produce the desired articles. Among other methods, the qualitative step is to use a pulper. this place In some cases, the textile raw material is received as a bundled dry material, e.g. waste paper. .

Generated in a strong vortex or pulper. This causes clumps of material to rub against each other. This crushes the raw material into fibers.

Particularly in the case of dissimilar materials such as waste or recycled paper, this separation can be carried out continuously. additionally substantially more than the initially released fibers or the subsequently released fibers. There will be a lot of processing involved. In other words, the processing in the pulper It cannot be controlled to a certain degree, and therefore it is in a different state. The additional processing mentioned above is crushing. In addition to increasing the degree ('SR-5chopper-Riegler), This will increase the degree of mucus formation within the pulper. This mucus production continues. affect the drain of articles manufactured from valves that are and this tray This increases the shrinkage of the article during drying of the tube and its materials.

In the method according to the invention, the pulper is at least partially supplemented with fiber raw material.

The fibers of this additional material have already been separated to a substantial degree into single fibers. It is. The reason for this is that they are temporary and, at the same time, obtained within the pulper. This is because it is sensitive to self-crushing effects and mixing effects. Pulper makes the raw material more homogeneous When processing raw materials, the degree of grinding obtained in the pulper due to the self-grinding effect can also be It can also be adjusted to become more homogeneous. Moisture contained in the valve coming out of the pulper The above-mentioned constraints on can be further controlled in this way.

However, this same process also provides other advantages. This recycles waste paper This is particularly advantageous when

Recycled waste paper comes in many different types and grades. this material It is separated and subjected to a controlled dry grinding process before being agitated in a pulper. If this separation process is carried out only as agitation in the pulper, In comparison, often lower and therefore cheaper material quality can be used. It turns out.

It is within the scope of the invention to carry out the separate dry grinding as a multi-stage process as described above. include. This allows raw materials to be divided into appropriate quantities in a particularly effective manner. Wear.

This particular method also uses e.g. waste paper containing plastic, waterproof paper, plastic Add the stick to laminated containers, paper, fibers and other particles to the desired degree. Can be separated. Components other than the separated paper are separated before being fed into the pulper. Can be screen filtered.

Or, because these ingredients are in powder form, they may enter the subsequent manufacturing process. Wear.

In carrying out this method, long fibers that have been subjected to a separate dry-grinding process are used as pre-treatment. The raw material is added to the valve already formed in the pulper and along with it the time is controlled. It is designed to undergo limited combing processing.

This is how the article is formed. Some of the fiber raw materials are mainly Combined with a hydrogen fiber binder and mixed with fiber material partially suspended in air. Adhesives are generally used for the bonding.

This method eliminates the need to discard the complete hydrogen bonding agent associated with the entire conventional valve. I found out that I can. This means that the train, and therefore the manufacturing time of the article, is substantially This means that it can be shortened. In addition, this method can improve the desired strength properties of the article. You can get strict control. Similarly, tighten these by adding adhesive. Close control becomes possible.

These advantages are theoretically important and therefore warrant the application of the aspiration technique described here. This is particularly important for the economical industrial manufacture of large, shape-stable articles.

For example, it is equipped with a cutting machine also called a shredder, followed by a hammer mill. It becomes possible to carry out multi-stage dry grinding by carrying out the process. Hammermi The shredder accepts the appropriate amount of material. Also, for the actual stirring process If it is required to add a special dosage to the pulper, add more flour before The material is subjected to a crushing process.

Fiber raw material suggested by the invention before stirring in the pulper Another controlled dry grinding process ensures that the manufactured goods are shrinkage guaranteed and dimensionally guaranteed. This gives the possibility of applying recycled waste paper if it has to be manufactured. wood Fiber-rich raw materials tend to shrink less than when the fibers are cellulose fibers. stomach. By applying the method according to the present invention, wood of adding a significant amount of cheap recycled paper to waste containers that don't need to be I found out that it can be done. The reason for this is that the already performed separate controlled drying of the raw materials This is because it becomes possible to manufacture valves by pulverization. This valve is manufactured There is no undesirable shrinkage of the article.

Addition of filler materials, chemicals and binders to produce articles from free-flowing textile raw materials The use of such auxiliary materials is a well-known principle. This auxiliary material Whether the manufactured article has strength, hardness, or clarity, or weakness, flexibility, and absorbency. , indicates that it is either rich or poor. The present invention also provides such auxiliary materials. This is advantageous in connection with the application of materials.

Dividing the manufacturing process into multiple stages means that different stages of the entire manufacturing process increasing the possibility of being able to add auxiliary materials. Results of the present invention and The open structure achieved in the final valve is due to the good access of the auxiliary materials. For example, the binder may become more or less integral to the surface of the article. This increases the strength of the wall. let The introduction of auxiliary materials in further controlled dry grinding is particularly well suited. The process furthermore allows for a particularly uniform distribution of the auxiliary materials over the total amount of fiber produced. make it possible. Of course, it is also possible to add auxiliary materials to the valve.

Furthermore, in response to another VJ-based grinding process in which stirring in the pulper has already taken place. It is within the scope of the present invention that it be performed as a manufacturing process. In other words, The degree of self-pulverization obtained in the pulper is adjusted according to the degree of crushing, and this Depending on the situation, the degree of grinding can be achieved in the dry grinding step (one or more times) that has already taken place. It is being carried out. For example, a paper valve that is normally separated in a pulper is The grinding level of 60°S R (Schopper Riegler) can be obtained by self-grinding. The dry ground fibrous material is added and after this the mixture is passed through the pulper for 5 minutes. Processed for more than a minute. Products manufactured from such mixed valves The product is particularly heavy, thick, porous and permeable.

This means that the product has good trainability and therefore has large wall thickness. It means that it can be manufactured.

The easy-drain valve manufactured by the present invention has a large wall thickness. Even when manufacturing valves, the fiber suspension must be filled throughout the mold. It can be applied easily and evenly without causing any problems.

Waste paper, also called return paper, is highly mixed and contains fibers of various fiber lengths. are doing. However, the average fiber length is long and this paper material is part of the manufacturing process. When forming a is actually known.

The method according to the invention is also useful for processing so-called virgin paper.

international search report international search report PCT/DK 89100250

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. The shape-imparting base is formed by sucking the fiber raw material pulp onto the shape-imparting base. Manufacture products with stable shapes by attaching fibrous raw materials in a fluid state onto a board. A method of forming fiber raw materials in a fluid state and easily draining them in large quantities. By providing a valve on the base that can be used, the suction action is carried out, The thickness of the layer of fibrous raw material deposited onto the substrate by action gives the desired shape to the article. be controlled to a thickness that achieves stability in essentially all aspects; A method for producing a shape-stable article characterized by: 2. 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that through suction action the layer of fibrous raw material is One or more changes in wall thickness are formed distributed over the entire surface of the wall, and this suction action is Wall thickness changes during a common suction process for the amount of fiber pulp required to manufacture the entire product. An object with a stable shape, characterized in that the suction action is locally changed in response to the A method of manufacturing a product. 3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the thickness corresponds to the desired shape stability. The adhesion of fiber raw materials with A shape-stable article characterized in that it is carried out as a sharp structural pattern. How to manufacture. 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which can be easily driven. In order to suction the pulp of the fiber raw material that can be rained to the desired wall thickness. , a mold is used that is permeable to the gaseous working medium under negative pressure; This mold type has a mold surface through which the working medium passes, and this mold surface The permeability of a fiber raw material of a defined thickness is determined by suctioning pulp onto it. a shape-stable article, characterized in that the layer is adapted to be deposited thereon; How to manufacture. 5. A method according to claim 4, comprising carrying out the method according to claim 2 or claim 3. The mold surface is deposited onto it by suction, making it easy to drain. varied in response to local wall thickness variations in one or more of the layers of fibrous pulp, or Molding whose permeability is varied by its coherent structural pattern A method for manufacturing an article with a stable shape, characterized in that a mold is used. 6. 5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method facilitates draping to achieve a desired wall thickness. gaseous working medium under negative pressure in order to aspirate the pulp of textile raw materials that can be A mold that allows the body to pass through is used, and this mold has at least its shape. made of a structured material of particles in a given part, these particles being fixed to each other. to form a shape-stable mold surface while at the same time passing the structural material to the outer mold surface. forming an open passageway for the working medium to reach the mold surface and forming at least the mold surface. The thickness of the layer of structural material is deposited on the mold surface by pulp suction. A shape-stable material characterized by being adjusted to the thickness of the fiber raw material to be used. A method of manufacturing an article. 7. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the layer of structural material forming the mold surface comprises: It is manufactured with varying thicknesses, and this variation is caused by suction on the mold surface. by local wall thickness variations of a layer of easily drainable fibrous pulp deposited by or by its desired coherent structural pattern. , a method for manufacturing an article with a stable shape. 8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a transparent The mold surface is made up of particles with different particle sizes, and this particle size forms the surface. A mold that is small in the mold part and enlarged in the bottom layer of that part. A method for manufacturing an article with a stable shape, characterized in that a mold is used. 9. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein a mold is used and the particles are It is characterized by having a cladding structure with a layer formed by the mixture. A method of manufacturing an article with a stable shape. 10. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the mold binder is a thermosetting agent. manufacturing an article with a stable shape, characterized in that a mold is used How to do it. 11. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the molded binder contains an adhesion improver. An article having a stable shape, characterized in that a mold containing is used. How to manufacture. 12. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the particles have a round shape. A method for manufacturing an article with a stable shape, characterized in that a mold is used. 13. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the particles are wedging each other in a wedging compound. Manufacture an article with a stable shape characterized by the fact that a certain mold type is used how to. 14. The method according to claim 5 or claim 6, comprising a bottom portion below. A mold is used in which the structural particles in that area are interconnected by true fusion bonding. while the particles in the rest of the mold are held together by hardenable cohesive bonds. A method of manufacturing a shape-stable article, characterized in that: 15. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 14, comprising: The molded surface has enough strength to use a mold for finishing pressing the product. To manufacture an article with a stable shape, characterized in that a mold is used. Method. 16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising: raw materials containing long fibers are used at least in part as raw materials; This is partly agitated in the pulper, and partly processed and subjected to another controlled drying process. The material is crushed and processed into pulp, which converts the raw material into pulp. The article is divided into appropriate quantities and separated into fibers, after which the article is stable in shape, characterized in that it is made from pulp made of A method of manufacturing an article. 17. 17. A method as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that the treated separate dry grinding A shaped product characterized in that the controlled manufacturing process is carried out as a multi-step process. A method of manufacturing stable articles. 18. 18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the stirring is performed by another drying method. A shape characterized in that it is carried out as a controlled manufacturing process based on drying and grinding. A method of manufacturing a stable article. 19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein The long fiber raw material, which has been subjected to controlled dry grinding of added to valves manufactured in 2015 to undergo common time-limited agitation. A method of manufacturing a shape-stable article, characterized in that: 20. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, comprising: Shape stabilization, characterized in that the addition of auxiliary materials is carried out in conjunction with a separate dry grinding method of manufacturing a product. 21. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, comprising: characterized in that the addition of auxiliary materials is carried out during further application of the produced pulp. A method for manufacturing an article with a stable shape. 22. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein the method comprises: The pulp is prepared as claimed in claim 16, and this pulp is added in an appropriate amount to another pulp. is added to the pulp being manufactured and the article is then made from the mixture thus produced. A method for manufacturing a shape-stable article, characterized in that the article is manufactured from