JPH05501533A - Method and equipment for structurally attaching polycarbonate plastic sheets to reinforcing members and air cargo containers using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to be able to utilize polycarbonate sheet material (12) as a structural (i.e. stress-bearing) component in an assembly comprising polycarbonate (12) and metal (10) components, as, for example, in a monocoque air cargo container wherein the polycarbonate sheet material (12) is used as the ''skin'' of structure, an attachment assembly is utilized to provide a rigid, stress-bearing joint without inducing crack-inducing high levels of localized stress on the polycarbonate sheet (12). The attachment assembly (14) comprises a significant area of overlap between the polycarbonate (12) and metal (10) components, and an attachment strip (14) which substantially covers the attachment area. Rivets or bolts (16) are inserted through oversized holes in the metal (10), polycarbonate (12), attachment strip assembly (14) and then torqued. The compressive forces exerted thereby create the rigid joint (even in an environment where the joint is subject to 180 F+/- temperature cycling such that the different coefficients for thermal expansion for the polycarbonate vs. the metal become significant) but are spread over a sufficiently large area so as to avoid high, localized stress levels which would induce the polycarbonate to crack.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] 3. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is bent. , has a concave form and under torque it lies flat against the polycarbonate sheet. The invention of Paragraph 1, which is an aspect of the invention.

4. The polycarbonate sheet covers approximately 1 to 174 inches of the structural portion. The invention of paragraph 1.

56 the first attachment strip having a width of approximately 1 to 174 inches; Invention of Section.

6. The groove is placed in the center, and there are grooves on both sides that contact the polycarbonate sheet. The invention of item 1 is made sufficiently wide by leaving an area of 378 inches wide.

7. Insert the rivet or rivet in the center against the groove in the center of the attachment strip. or bolt components spaced 2 to 172 inches apart on center. Invention of item 1.

8. The rivet or bolt component is tightened to a torque not exceeding 100 inch-pounds. The invention of paragraph 1 which is

9. The attachment strip is metal, and the attachment strip in the polycarbonate sheet is Make the extraction hole sufficiently larger than the handle of the rivet or bolt, and Item 1, which prevents the load in the hole caused by the polycarbonate sheet from being applied to the polycarbonate sheet. invention.

10.The following installation parts are: a) The coverage area is approximately 1 to 1 over substantially the entire length of the polycarbonate sheet. 74 inches of polycarbonate sheet covering the structure; b) an attachment strip having substantially the same length and width as the covered area; C) Since the surface in contact with the polycarbonate sheet has grooves, it is easy to assemble. When the attachment strip is removed, the entire surface of the attachment strip is covered with the polycarbonate sheet. the attachment strip approximately 378 inches wide on each side of the exit groove without contact with the The attachment member is in contact with the polycarbonate sheet only in an area the same length as the polycarbonate sheet. d) the structural portion, the polycarbonate strips approximately 2-1/2 inches apart on centers; Insert it into the appropriate size hole in the base sheet and the attachment strip. The rivets are tightened to a torque not to exceed 100 in-lbs. For installations that include screws or bolt parts, the polycarbonate sheet may be Products with attached metal structural parts.

11. The surface of the attachment strip in contact with the polycarbonate sheet is tormented. 10. The invention of claim 10, which is substantially flat under conditions of no tension.

12. The surface of the attachment strip in contact with the polycarbonate sheet is bent. (It has a concave shape, and under torque, it will not respond to the polycarbonate sheet.) The invention of item 10, which is a flat surface.

13. The invention of item 10, wherein the attachment strip is made of metal.

14. Steps listed below: a) attaching the polycarbonate sheet to the structure to form an attachment area; cover a part; b) having the same length and width as the attachment area and outside this strip; on the surface in contact with the polycarbonate sheet so that only the edges are in contact with the sheet. Place the grooved attachment strip facing the polycarbonate sheet. Place it in the attachment area to: C) Traditional attachments, such as rivets and bolts, require the holes into which the part is inserted to be spaced apart. , align the metal structural parts and the polycarbonate sheet to an appropriate size in a straight line. and empty into said attachment strip: and d) These general installations are carried out in such a way that the parts are attached to the sheet in one piece with no slippage between them. Polycarbonate sheet containing: tightened to form a shape. Attach the attachment area to a metal structure15, making the attachment area at least 1 inch wide. and having a length substantially equal to the polycarbonate sheet. The method of paragraph 14, further comprising:

16. said attachment strip substantially covers all of said attachment area; 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of:

17. Steps where holes are installed at intervals of neither less than 1 inch nor more than 4 inches. 15. The method of clause 14 further comprising:

18. The installation requires the parts to be no more than 30 inch-pounds, but not less than 100 inch-pounds. 15. The method of clause 14 further comprising the step of tightening to a torque of no more than .

19. Installation of common rivets further includes the step of using them as parts. The method of paragraph 14.

20.Installing common bolts further includes the step of using them as parts. The method of paragraph 15.

An outer shell attached to the frame, said structural part, and said base to enclose the container. skin material and the base and frame installed for access to the interior of the container. In an air cargo container with a closed door, the skin is attached to the structural part and the base. Securely installed (i.e. load-sharing, free of lifting, non-slip) Improvements including glazed polycarbonate sheets.

22. The polycarbonate sheet is attached to the structural part as follows: a) covering the structural portion over substantially the entire length of the polycarbonate sheet; The polycarbonate sheet forming the attachment area: b) has a width that is neither wider nor substantially narrower than the attachment area; Attachment strip having a length not substantially shorter than the tatiment area ; C) the side of the attachment strip adjacent to the polycarbonate sheet; an attachment strip with grooves created in it; and d) in said structural parts, polycarbonate sheets and attachment strips; In order to tighten them together under torque, drill holes of appropriate size in a row. rivet or bolt parts inserted into the The invention of paragraph 21 attached by.

23. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is tormented. The invention according to claim 22, which is substantially flat under the condition of no bending.

24. The surface of the attachment strip in contact with the polycarbonate sheet is curved. It has a concave shape and does not respond to the polycarbonate sheet under torque. The invention of item 22, which is a flat surface.

25. The polycarbonate sheet covers approximately 1 to 174 inches over the structural portion. The invention of paragraph 22.

26, a second attachment strip having a width of approximately 1 to 174 inches; Invention of Section 2.

27. An extraction groove is placed in the center, and approximately The invention of item 22, which is sufficiently wide leaving a 378 inch wide area.

28. The rivet or bolt part is inserted into the removal groove in the attachment strip/knob. centered on each other and spaced approximately 2 to 172 inches apart on center. The invention of paragraph 22.

29. The rivet or bolt component shall be rated at a torque not exceeding 100 inch-bond. The invention of item 22 is restricted.

30. The invention of item 22, wherein the attachment strip is made of metal.

Specification Methods and equipment for structural attachment of polycarbonate plastic sheets to reinforcing members and an air cargo container using the same The present invention relates to metal structural building materials and polycarbonate Attach the base seats together under torque using the attachment strip. The method and apparatus for The present invention applies at least to air cargo containers. Place the polycarbonate sheet on the side or “skin” of the container. It was the first principle invention for use in When the aircraft suddenly accelerates or decelerates, it may be applied to the cargo, causing damage to the side of the container. I can't withstand things like constantly being hit with strong force.

Conventional technology One of the oldest challenges known to humanity is how to get from one point to another. Is it best to transport possessions? From the humble old bag to the space shuttle, humans have been transporting cargo farther and farther away. (to, faster, safer, cheaper (and following the development of easier ways to transport I've done things.

In the last thousand years of transportation history, airplanes have been relatively new; However, it has now become the main means of transporting human property. . However, air cargo transport is more demanding than any other form of transport. Not only is the structure stronger, but the increased weight makes it more cost-effective to fly. This is because it must be lightweight as it leads to high height. In addition, ocean Even compared to navigation, safety is more intolerant of human folly than flight. This will be the top priority.

For this reason, transporting cargo by air, unlike any other method, offers strength, lightness and safety. It is difficult to achieve this with a single structure. to transport cargo by air The industry has focused exclusively on all-aluminum aluminum alloys that first load the cargo and then load it onto the aircraft. The country has relied on cargo containers made by Umu. This modern air cargo container is generally A sheet material called the "outer skin" is attached to the "bones" of the frame. Monocoque 5structure with fixed frame ). In these tensile shell structures, the outer skin carries the load along with the frame structure. It is a burden that we carry and share. The load is transferred from the frame to the skin or from the skin to the flange. Attachments, which may be rivets, bolts, etc., move through the parts to the system. structure Generally speaking, when left undisturbed, the outer skin is usually attached using a method of mounting. hearing) stress (meaning perpendicular to the sheet rather than along the surface of the sheet) ). In fact, in order to fix this structure as firmly as possible, the installation is partially The holes in the seat and frame in the position are made to almost the same diameter as the fasteners. . The clearance between the hole and the fastener is determined by the "slop" J between the parts. The structure is strictly controlled so that there is a "looseness" between the seat and the frame. The ideal zipper should not form ``slop''. Fill the holes completely and seal them when the frame is loaded as a single part. The structure is such that shearing stress is applied to the tip, making it stronger.

When air cargo containers are used, the outer skin must restrict the movement of cargo. and the hoop tension or stress (i.e. perpendicular to its plane) Also receive. This is one of the most important, if not the most important, aspect of air cargo containers. Function - Destructive aircraft deceleration or severe turbulence involving significant acceleration or deceleration. The purpose of this is to protect the cargo from penetrating the outer shell and ejecting.

During these adverse flight conditions, during acceleration or deceleration, the cargo remains in the container. moving against the skin so that the container is transmitted to the frame and to the floor fasteners. hoop tension, which is transmitted to the floor of the airplane and often places a load on the airplane itself. receive. As a result, the container skin material is subject to significant shear and hoop tensions. Must be able to endure.

For obvious reasons, the ideal air cargo container is lightweight, cheap, and easy to fly. Not only can it withstand the loads it receives while on the road, but it can also withstand the rigors of daily handling, i.e., cargo. Baskets are thrown, bumped into, or pushed against walls. It must not be damaged by any damage. The fixtures are riveted to create a securely fixed product. Consists of an aluminum frame and outer skin.

Rivets are preferably “large-filling” (e.g., those that expand to fill the hole). There is no "slop" between the rivet handle and the rivet hole, such as . Containers created in this way are well-structured and affordable. It is reasonably lightweight and inexpensive, so it shows good usefulness.

The main problem with using these all-aluminum products is that the aluminum exterior It occurs when the skin receives a dent or injury. Roughly used and has sharp edges Boxes take their toll on the outer skin, often leaving scratches and dents. If scratches occur, the container are no longer considered ``airworthy'' and have been removed from service and cannot be used again. It must be repaired so that it can be repaired. And above all, the damaged outer skin Because of their sharp edges, there is a risk of indiscriminate damage to the crew and the cargo they carry. a The outer skin of luminiums can be made thicker to counteract this damage. , can provide more resistance to scratches, but this will reduce weight, flight Such make certain uses undesirable, and often become unusable beyond a certain level. There is. I tried to solve this problem by using stronger aluminum, but the stronger Harder alloys are less desirable because they are more brittle and more susceptible to scratches.

For this reason, there is a need among those skilled in the art to develop an improved material for the outer skin of air cargo containers. material is required.

Polycarbonate sheets have unique properties that are desirable for many industrial applications. Ru. It is transparent. Can withstand strong impacts without being dented, scratched, or broken. It can be done. This is due to the very low modulus of this material: damage-inducing Even the energy from the impact, which may cause damage, is absorbed as if it were a rubber bulkhead. It is absorbed by sea urchins without any damage. Therefore, in the future, polycarbonate Plastic sheeting could theoretically be an ideal replacement for aluminum skins. Dew. Its transparency makes it possible to see the contents inside the container. It is lightweight and Although only slightly more expensive than currently used aluminum alloys, More resistant to scratches and dents than aluminum for its thickness and weight. Because it is large, it should not be scratched or dented (it can withstand harsh treatment. However, Polycarbonate has substantial disadvantages in its use, so Until now, it has been used as a structural part of tension shell structures such as air cargo containers, especially on the outside. It was impossible to actually use it as a skin.

One such drawback is that this material has a temperature of 0.00003 inches per degree Fahrenheit. It has a very high coefficient of thermal expansion. This is 0.000013 aluminum or contrasts with steel, which has a value of 0.0000063. tension shell structures, e.g. air cargo container The temperatures generated in the air cargo container environment range from -40°F to +140°F. temperature range (for use at 30,000 feet) and in scorching heat (on the runway under the sun), typical air cargo size panels are riveted between the center The separation is 120 inches when the panels are made at room temperature of 50°F, but If the temperature is 140'F, it will be 120.4 inches long [120 inches x 9 0°F (temperature difference) x 0, 000037 (coefficient of thermal expansion)], when the temperature is 140°F It has a length of 119.6 inches. In comparison, aluminum construction Due to the very low elongation rate of aluminum, the length between rivet centers is 140°F. 120.14 inches, -40°F would be 119.86 inches. General for a long time As a general knowledge, adapting polycarbonate sheets into these types of environments The diameter of the holes on each side of the panel should be 0.26 inches 0.14+119.86-119.6) each, making the total 0.5 Different stretches of 2 inch polycarbonate sheet and aluminum frame It is said that it should be allowed.

The resulting structure, however, has a There are serious drawbacks. Looseness or “slop” of the fastener in the hole can cause prevents the base and frame from working as a unit to share the load. child Because polycarbonate sheets and traditional mounting methods are used for air cargo The container must support the sliding load only with the frame, and in order to make it stronger It becomes necessary to become thicker, which makes it excessively heavy.

Other deficiencies have hitherto prevented the use of polycarbonate in air cargo containers. The key point is its very low bearing strength, which makes it difficult to use as a seat for air cargo containers. 12.500 psi compared to 100,000 psi of the aluminum alloy used psi L, no. In other words, polycarbonate has only 1/8 the bearing strength. I don't. In an attempt to compensate for these, the polycarbonate shell is replaced by an aluminum It must be fastened to the frame in more places than with a made outer skin. child This means higher costs in terms of fastener parts and labor for installation. This also means that they require heavy and expensive frame construction. results and The resulting product is too heavy and expensive to compete with all-aluminum containers. It's too much.

Until now, there are still other problems with the use of polycarbonate materials in air cargo containers. There are advantages; i.e. induced by the load and by cracked material. It is the susceptibility to cracks or cracks. Residual stress is applied to polycarbonate. This makes the material more susceptible to cracking, especially in the presence of “crack material”. It is. These contain a variety of materials including hydrocarbons, jets of cleaning substances, etc. Many of them are used near air cargo containers. broken once Polycarbonate sheet with cracks is very easy to crack (because it spreads). cannot be used. If there is one crack, that part should not be used. I have to. If the residual operating stress is very low (e.g. 200 If the pressure is kept below 0 psi and the material is free of "cracked material", this The material may be relatively free from cracking problems. However, as explained above As explained above, non-load-bearing seats require very heavy frames, so The created container becomes unusable, while the entire container has a single Since the seat is riveted to the frame in a load-bearing manner, the high load under the rivet head and against the inside of the hole for extension of the rivet shank. In the classic “catch-22” J state that creates a crack-inducing environment I fall into it.

Because of these disadvantages, the use of polycarbonate has until now been limited to applications such as signals and aircraft windows. is limited to 'floats j' in that frame such as It was not used as a true structural part. For example, if a polycarbonate sheet is made Reference books published by major manufacturing companies provide information on how to install sheets and The special tool is a bolt that is loosely tightened into a large hole filled with a silicone cushion. It is fixed. Available for attaching polycarbonate to aluminum frame Polycarbonate sheets are currently the only material available, as the method was not known until now. Accepted as a replacement for aluminum “skin” in air cargo tension shell structures until now It has not been proven that this can be done. For this reason, some people skilled in the art At the same time, it prevents the material from cracking under load, polycarbonate, which makes it possible to eliminate (or substantially reduce) the tendency to crack. A method for securely fixing the seat sheet material to the metal frame structure is desired. Ru.

The new installation according to the present invention provides a method for making polycarbonate Prevents polycarbonate from slipping onto metal structural parts without inducing cracks or cracks ( It was discovered that it can be installed. Installation is virtually non-attachable. Place a polycarbonate sheet over the metal structure in the amount that will create the tension area. Including layering. Polycarbonate to metal with traditional hollow bolts or links Rather than being mounted using a bed (the device of the present invention is essentially a U-shaped, substantially substantially the entire length of the attachment area, not narrower than the attachment area Use an attachment strip of the same length as the Conventional bolt or rivet Fit parts of this composition are attached together with sufficient torque to avoid slipping. Used for

In another specific example where the purpose is to apply high torque, bolt tightening The strip to be applied is slightly bent under no torque conditions; Its surface flattens against the polycarbonate sheet when torqued It is something.

The present invention has previously developed polycarbonate sheets such as the skins of commercial air cargo containers. Each of the above-mentioned drawbacks that prevented its use as a structural part are eliminated. Tori After tightening the attached bolts and rivets at appropriate locations, the strength of the completed product is determined by the seal. It is the sum of the bearing pressure strength of the clamp and the force due to the friction induced by the clamp. Clan The force exerted by the pull-up is spread over a wide area, and it or under the rivet head of a riveted machine). , this causes connections to be exposed to initial high load levels and subsequent loading and cracking. Protected from cracking by materials. Also, large attachment strips connect In order to spread the continuous force over a large area and thus provide sufficient frictional force, the bolts in the seat are A hole through which a bolt or rivet passes may place excessively unbalanced load levels on the hole itself. The opening can be made larger to prevent this. Attachment strip This assembly is not riveted as it is firmly fixed to the frame. One unit that shares the load as in the case of an all-aluminum construction The seat and frame are subjected to shear loads and hoop tension during use. Ru. Due to its frictional strength, it requires less weight compared to all-aluminum construction. Easy installation requires only one fastener, reducing the cost of the composition.

By using this invention, polycarbonate sheet and aluminum frame It was discovered that the inherent drawback of the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between It was done. In particular, in the present invention, the polycarbonate sheet is placed inside the frame. Achieved a clamping force strong enough to hold it tightly, resulting in a decrease in temperature. The sheet does not shrink even when Instead, the sheet pulls inward as the temperature drops. The seat is taut, but the clamp is tight enough to prevent it from slipping. The shape of the frame stretches like the head of a drum, and the thickness of the sheet decreases as the total sheet length It will be thinner than the case! The low modulus of polycarbonate can be assembled according to the present invention. The seat is held tightly in the frame without the composition being exposed to loosening due to overhang. It makes it possible to insist. Bolts that have been given a strong torque force cannot be handled roughly or The frame is made of polycarbonate sheets to withstand the loads caused by extreme temperature changes. It is necessary to lock into a certain form. However, the bolt axis and poly Despite the clearance between the holes in the carbonate sheet (unbalanced (to prevent loading), there is no “slop” in its structure; high frictional forces has made this assembly a lighter, lower cost frame structure for air cargo containers. A single unit that can be used as a tena.

Overall, we are now using polycarbonate as a structural material for tension shell structures. It was the first time that it was possible to Both female tension and hope tension loads can be applied, and a certain load can be applied. Uses all the good properties the material offers without cracking or cracking even when exposed to However, it still has the necessary strength and weight compared to its all-aluminum counterpart. ing. The new installation method and polycarbonate An air cargo container using a sheet as a structural component is described below.

Brief description of the drawing Figurel is an approximation for attaching polycarbonate sheets to metal structures. Show the process.

Figure 2 is the overlapping part, in Figure and 5, 2-2 A “sandwich” is created between the attachment and the metal structural part along the line. A polycarbonate sheet is shown. Here, with the conventional bolt No rivets shown.

Figure 3 is a similar overlap, with another bolt to tighten the strip. A specific example is shown here, where no torque is applied or a bent state is shown. are doing.

Figure 4 shows another bolt tightening strip shown in Figure 3. A state in which the torque is throttled in a specific example is shown. In this state, the attachment The overlapping portions of the strips appear to be thinner and therefore lighter. are the same as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 5 shows a polycarbonate sheet used as an outer skin and as a structural part. firmly attach the attachment strip parts shown in Figure and 2. Referring to the air cargo figure installed by The composition of the parts indicated is the structural metal part 10 (preferably all steel or aluminum). ); polycarbonate sheet 12; attachment strip 14 (preferably 10), rivets or bolts 16, these are approximate sizes It is inserted into hole 18 (to remove the load inside the hole). See Figure 2 , the structural part 10 is usually in the shape of an L, and on the opposite side there is another polycarbonate sheet. A seat (not shown) is attached. From Figures 2 to 4, this In the composition, a polycarbonate panel 12 covers a portion of the component 10. , so the attachment area (in the figure, the top is line 20 and the bottom is line 20) by the area bounded by line 22, on the left by line 24, and on the right by line 26. is shown being created. Figurel is above and the bottom has been ``removed.'' The actual composition has a considerable length, The overlap and therefore the attachment area are also essentially made of polycarbonate. The length is the same as the total length of the sheet 12.

A first embodiment of the attachment strip 14, shown in Figure 2, includes: Most of the surface in both torqued and untorqued conditions is a flat surface, and leg portions 30 are formed on the side in contact with the polycarbonate sheet 12. A groove 28 is formed as shown in FIG. This is the torque force on the bolt or rivet 16. installed to relieve and disperse compressive forces originating from bolt or is squeezed under the rivet head, the substantial contact area is where the rivet resides. It extends not only to the minutes, but also to the gaps between the straight lines. Rivet 16 is directly (in other words) (without attachment strip 14) on polycarbonate sheet 12. Once attached, the compressive force under the rivet head is approximately 578 inches in diameter above the surface. spread over a range.

It will be concentrated in approximately 2.58 square inches of the bonate sheet. Rivet 1 6 is throttled down to approximately 48 in-lbs of torque (some types of air freight). (typical value for plastic containers), and as a result, polycarbonate The force on the seat is 2.976 bonds per square inch. The total amount of this force The base is very prone to cracking. On the contrary, if the present invention , the legs 30 of the attachment strip 14 are each 378 inches wide, and the legs 30 of the attachment strip 14 are each 378 inches wide; If the strips 16 were placed 2172 inches apart on center, each rivet The area of compressive force on the cut 16 is approximately 1,875 square inches; The result is a load of 410 bonds per square inch. At this total load amount, cracks Does not cause In fact, the torque of rivet 16 is the attachment part described here. By using , it is possible to increase the number to 9 inches Pressure of 622 pounds per square inch on carbonate sheet 12 It just has to happen. Polycarbonate has a tensile strength per square inch in the presence of cracked material. , 000 or higher level of tension or compression, it is easy to crack, but this There is no risk of cracking at pressure levels of .

Figures 3 and 4 show the weight of another embodiment of the attachment strip. Shows the part. Here the strips are pre-bent or molded into a shape. As in the previous embodiment, the central groove 42 has legs 4 on its underside. It is designed to form 4. A torque that presses the top of the strip 40 downward. straighten the legs 44 and flatten them against the seat 12, thereby Apply uniform compression force to all attachment areas as shown in Figure 4. Spray across. Another example of this is the torque High load (high torque, used when making the strip thin; high torque load thin, There is a risk of pressure being concentrated on the inner edge of the groove 42 when applied to a flat strip. arise. This pressure concentration places an uneven load on the polycarbonate sheet. This results in increased loads at certain points on the sheet. and the possibility of cracking. In the present invention, the rivet It is desirable that the total amount of torque force exerted be closely controlled. hole 18 The size is large enough and the torque applied to the rivet is small enough to prevent in-hole loads. It should be.

As mentioned above, the use of attachment strip compositions as previously described First, an air cargo container with tension shell structure as shown in the side view of Figure 5. It is recognized that it is useful. This includes a metal frame 52 (preferably aluminum ) and component 54 are secured by conventional riveting, bolting or welding methods (not shown). and the polycarbonate sheet 56 described and shown above. a metal (preferably aluminum) base 50 that is attached using contains. Attachment strip 14 is indicated by shading. door (diagram (not shown) is provided on the front panel of the container. As you can see, poly You can see the cargo inside the container through the carbonate sheet. Corner buttresses 58 and The overlap 60 was attached for strength and stability.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these Other modifications may be made to the concept of the invention to the embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims set out below. It is possible to do so. Therefore, this patent and the area protected by it cover the above-mentioned Without limitation, the appended claims and all equivalents It is understood that it extends over a range of areas.

! Ladle! Structural attachment of polycarbonate plastic sheets to reinforcing members Polycarbonate For example, a polycarbonate sheet material is In air cargo containers with tension shell structures, which are used as the outer skin of The use of carbonate sheet material in structural (i.e. load-bearing) parts High levels of partial loading can induce cracks in polycarbonate We have created a sturdy connection that can carry the load so that it does not fall on the seat. take The attached parts have a special overlap area between the polycarbonate and the metal part and a substantial contains an attachment strip that covers this attachment area. . Rivets or bolts may be attached to metal, polycarbonate, or attachment strips. The screws were inserted through the large holes in each part, and then torque was applied. The compressive force is This creates a secure connection, even if the connection is at 180°F±. Difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between polycarbonate and metal during temperature cycling (even if the This prevents the application of strong partial loads that can cause cracks in the recarbonate. Ru.

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Claims (30)

[Claims] 1. Mounting parts listed below: a) Attach the polycarbonate sheet over substantially the entire length of the structure. polycarbonate sheet forming the timing area; b) having substantially the same width as said attachment area; an attamentment strip having substantially the same length as; c) the attachment member having a groove made on the surface in contact with the polycarbonate sheet; Tostrip; d) in said structural parts, polycarbonate sheets and attachment strips; Tightly torque these parts together into the appropriately sized holes in a row. rivet or bolt parts inserted to metal to which the polycarbonate sheet is attached by means of fittings containing A composition containing a structural part of. 2. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is The invention according to item 1, which is substantially planar under conditions where no stress is applied. 3. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is bent. , has a concave form and under torque it lies flat against the polycarbonate sheet. The invention of Paragraph 1, which is an aspect of the invention. 4. The polycarbonate sheet covers approximately 1-1/4 inch of the structural portion. The invention of paragraph 1. 5. a first, wherein the attachment strip has a width of approximately 1-1/4 inch; Invention of Section. 6. The groove is placed in the center, and there are grooves on both sides that contact the polycarbonate sheet. The invention of item 1 is made sufficiently wide by leaving a 3/8 inch wide area. 7. Center the rivet against the groove in the center of the attachment strip. or bolt components spaced 2 to 1/2 inches apart on center. Invention of item 1. 8. The rivet or bolt component is tightened to a torque not exceeding 100 inch-pounds. The invention of paragraph 1 which is 9. The attachment strip is metal and the polycarbonate sheet is Make the hole sufficiently larger than the handle of the rivet or bolt, and Item 1, which prevents the load in the hole caused by the polycarbonate sheet from being applied to the polycarbonate sheet. invention. 10. Mounting parts listed below: a) The coverage area is approximately 1 to 1 over substantially the entire length of the polycarbonate sheet. /4 inch polycarbonate sheet covering the structure; b) an attachment strip having substantially the same length and width as the covered area: c) Since the surface in contact with the polycarbonate sheet has grooves, it is easy to assemble. When the attachment strip is removed, the entire surface of the attachment strip is covered with the polycarbonate sheet. the attachment strip approximately 3/8 inch wide on each side of the groove. The attachment member is in contact with the polycarbonate sheet only in an area the same length as the polycarbonate sheet. Tostrip; d) said structural portion, said polycarbonate sheet approximately 2-1/2 inches apart on centers; , and inserted into an appropriately sized hole in the attachment strip, Rivets or bolts tightened to a torque not exceeding inch pounds The polycarbonate sheet is attached by means of attachment parts containing parts; products with metal structural parts. 11. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is 10. The invention of claim 10, which is substantially flat under conditions of no tension. 12. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is bent. It has a concave shape and resists the polycarbonate sheet under torque. The invention of item 10, which is a flat surface. 13. The invention according to item 10, wherein the attachment strip is made of metal. 14. Steps listed below: a) attaching the polycarbonate sheet to the structure to form an attachment area; cover a part; b) having the same length and width as the attachment area and outside this strip; on the surface in contact with the polycarbonate sheet so that only the edges are in contact with the sheet. Place the grooved attachment strip facing the polycarbonate sheet. Place it in the attachment area so that c) Spaced holes for insertion of conventional attachment parts such as rivets and bolts , align the metal structural parts and the polycarbonate sheet to an appropriate size in a straight line. and empty into said attachment strip; and d) These general mounting parts are attached to the part so that the sheet is in one piece with no slippage between them. A polycarbonate sheet containing method of attaching parts to metal structures. 15. The attachment area should be at least 1 inch wide and substantially in length. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of equating to a bonate sheet. 16. the attachment strip substantially covers all of the attachment area; 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of: 17. A step that places the holes at intervals of no less than 1 inch and no more than 4 inches apart. 15. The method of clause 14 further comprising: 18. The attached parts must be no more than 30 inches-pounds, but not less than 100 inches-pounds. 15. The method of clause 14, further comprising the step of tightening to a less than or equal torque. 19. Further steps include using common rivets as attachment parts. The method of paragraph 14. 20. Contains further steps to use common bolts as attachment parts. The method of paragraph 15. 21. a foundation, a frame formed by a metal structural part attached to the foundation; an outer shell material attached to the structural part and the base so as to enclose the container; The base and frame have a door installed for access to the interior of the container. In air cargo containers, the shell is firmly attached to the structural parts and the base. (i.e. load sharing, no floating, no slipping) mounted polycarbonate - Improvements including making it a bonate sheet. 22. The polycarbonate sheet attaches to the structural part: a) covering the structural portion over substantially the entire length of the polycarbonate sheet; the polycarbonate sheet forming the attachment area; b) has a width that is neither wider nor substantially narrower than the attachment area; Attachment strip having a length not substantially shorter than the tatiment area ; c) the side of the attachment strip adjacent to the polycarbonate sheet; an attachment strip with grooves created in it; and d) in said structural parts, polycarbonate sheets and attachment strips; In order to tighten them together under torque, drill holes of appropriate size in a row. rivet or bolt parts inserted into the The invention of paragraph 21 attached by. 23. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is The invention according to claim 22, which is substantially flat under the condition of no bending. 24. The surface of the attachment strip that contacts the polycarbonate sheet is curved. Gelare, It has a concave shape, under torque The invention according to Item 22, wherein the polycarbonate sheet is flat. 25. The polycarbonate sheet covers approximately 1 to 1/4 inch of the top of the structure. The invention of paragraph 22. 26. a second attachment strip having a width of approximately 1-1/4 inch; Invention of Section 2. 27. The groove is placed in the center and has approximately The invention of item 22, which is made sufficiently wide by leaving a 3/8 inch wide area. 28. The rivet or bolt part fits into the groove in the attachment strip. centered with respect to each other, and arranged with approximately 2 to 1/2 inches between centers. The invention of paragraph 22. 29. The rivet or bolt component shall be torqued not to exceed 100 inch-pounds. The invention of item 22 is restricted. 30. The invention according to claim 22, wherein the attachment strip is made of metal.