JPH05500772A - Apparatus and method for aerating gas into a liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] ′　Gas to ゛ field of invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for aerating gas into a liquid.

Conventional technology The distribution of gas flow into a liquid is known as aeration and its use in chemical processing. Many of these are for mass transfer applications. For these applications, gas is dissolved in liquid, Dissolved gas or vapor is dissipated from the liquid together with liquid-insoluble gas to mix the liquid. dissipate the fraction of the substance to leave behind the fraction enriched with the smallest volatile component in the mixture. , and involves reacting a gas with a liquid. Certain substances may also be Items that are likely to be suspended in the gas to be diffused or in the liquid fraction that evaporates within the gas to be diffused If so, it can still be removed. Dissolution of oxygen or ozone in liquid or The reaction is a normal action. Mixing of liquids can also be achieved by aeration.

Another example of an aeration application is the aeration of gaseous nitrogen into liquefied margarine. The process involves suspending the gas bubbles to obtain a foam product. Hardens with subsequent cooling. A fluffed product is produced. This product is a non-fluff mat. 11 Easier to diffuse than Lugarine (and covers a larger surface area. Yet another specific use is For the introduction of another reactant, such as an isocyanate, into a liquid reactant, such as a polyol. The first step is to aerate and inject the reactant mixture into the mold. diffused air The degree and therefore the content of the aeration gas will vary greatly depending on the density of the polyurethane foam product. have a strong influence.

Transfer of liquid and gas phases can only occur across their interfacial region. Therefore , transfer by aeration of liquids and gases to increase such interfacial area. The rate is directly increased.

The simplest way to diffuse gas into a liquid is through a single open tube. However, this method is inefficient for large amounts of liquid in ponds or tanks. This is an expensive and slow method. Numerous orifices in the straight pipe protruding into the tank Gas is thus distributed across the tank in a somewhat limited manner. Annular diffuser or branch Nettuwa one type number τ1 place 1 early general I "2 envoy 1, 7 A-H,,4,ke Container u・sugi (paddy t provides more 9 pieces per minute with 7 orifices 5-i) . , 2. The disadvantage of N'1 and other diffusers is that the gas bubbles exiting the orifice are quite thick. It is often necessary to drain equally from multiple orifices in a complex system. It's difficult.

For finer aeration into the liquid, use a perforated plate or porous diffuser. can be achieved by, but required to cover a fairly large tank cross section Many such devices are mechanically cumbersome and cost-unattractive; The pore opening is a small orifice in the plate and a narrow curve in the porous diffuser. Soggy passageways present problems with clogging with dirt and biological growth. Di Because the fuser passage dimensions change, the dimensions of the bubbles produced also change. Ru. Thinner passages clog first, and channeling through wider passages arise. This causes the bubble size to increase with time of use.

A displacer that uses the liquid as the propelling fluid streamlines liquid mixing within the container. Ru. However, air as the propelling fluid in such eliminators increases the size of the bubbles. This reduces the amount of aeration and thus makes it less attractive for mixing or transfer operations.

The higher the aeration and mass transfer rate, the more the liquid is circulated through it by the pump. This is achieved by using an external tube loop. introduced into the external tube loop Gas, +, +(,a@,:,,1.,,\T’!,,H(,,Hp±,4″,” "", H'(%jl'F+]"N7', ・ζ1川(:g, (J)A-',,?+ ” ・ノ“)　i し　　’,7t・)　Z,・・ν)i;:’,11tl　:□( ] People, Count, 71. Mr. j・d,′　ζ　wa　C), P　I　l, 2 　ノ゛、”　f　゛ - Line diffuser and method disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,352 and its continuations. and US Pat. No. 4,867,918.

High aeration and transfer rates can be achieved with more sophisticated and sophisticated systems such as vessel bubbles or attached packed columns. It can also be achieved with expensive equipment. The liquid is pumped through the attached packed tower. It is circulated, and gas is introduced there and diffused.

Recirculation methods using external tube loops and attached packed columns are effective for aeration and mixing. However, if the solids content of the liquid is too high for pumping, suitable circulation If a pump is not available or the liquid cannot be easily removed from the reactor. or aeration if a vessel with an attached recirculation loop or tower is not available. preferable.

Another example of use is aeration into natural liquids such as streams or lakes.

Purpose of invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to diffuse gas into a liquid using relatively simple and inexpensive equipment. The goal is to provide an effective way to care.

Another object of the invention is to provide an effective aeration method and device that can be used in tanks. That's true.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide an effective method for mixing liquids in a tank by aeration. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus.

Composition of the invention The above purpose is to distribute the gas in the liquid at the speed of sound, thereby causing shock waves and The novel method of the present invention forms a diffuser jet and induces a flow in the liquid in the direction of discharge. Achieved by aeration methods. In other embodiments, the gas and liquid aeration jets are It is sequentially deflated and expanded to make the aeration of each subsequent phase more effective.

This device is a nozzle that releases gas into a liquid at sonic speed to form a diffuser jet. Contains a tube terminating at a location. An accelerator tube with both ends open is diffused at one end. receives a jet of water, guides and accelerates the liquid, and releases the mixture from the other end. Positioned as desired.

In other embodiments, the mixture from the accelerating tube is further received at one open end of the suction tube. and is released from the other open end. The accelerator tube and suction tube connect the gas release nozzle. Directs and increases the passing liquid flow, thereby inhibiting coalescence of gas bubbles. Increase mass transport across the interfacial region.

In still other embodiments, the aeration jet from the gas discharge nozzle is collected within the suction tube. It is contracted and expanded, which causes additional aeration of gas and liquid.

Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a second embodiment installed in a tank.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a fourth embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the equipment used to evaluate the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a tank to which the first specific example is attached for evaluation. .

FIG. 7 is a graphical comparison diagram of the diffuser performance of the conventional aeration device and the first specific example. It is.

FIG. 8 is a graph representing the effect of gas discharge nozzle position on the accelerator tube used in the present invention. It's rough.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of the length of the accelerator tube used in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the effect of the diameter of the accelerator tube used in the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the effect of the aeration gas flow rate during stripping in the present invention. It is.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the effect of diffused gas pressure during stripping in the present invention. It is.

Figure 13 shows the improvement in stripping performance obtained in a specific example including a suction pipe. This is a graph representing

Description of examples FIG. 1 shows a sonic jet diffuser according to the present invention in its simplest embodiment. has been done. Inside the liquid 1 there is a gas discharge pipe 2 terminating in a flow discharge nozzle 3. It's plugged in. at a velocity sufficient to create a sonic shock wave from the flow discharge nozzle 3. Gas is released into the liquid, diffused gas bubbles 4 and entrained jets of liquid is created. The acceleration tube 5 has the liquid inside or near its inlet opening. Arranged to receive the jet. The accelerator tube 5 constricts the liquid jet and thereby The entrainment of liquid by a jet of liquid, and the entrainment of liquid by a jet of liquid by viscous drag. This promotes co-current flow of the liquid. This allows the acceleration tube 5 to A liquid flow is directed into the interior of the inlet opening and through the flow discharge nozzle 3.

The liquid flow from the accelerator tube mixes the liquid outside the accelerator tube. through the flow discharge nozzle 3. The induced liquid flow that passes also breaks up the escaping gas into smaller bubbles, which This suppresses coalescence of bubbles.

An important feature of the invention is that the gas is sufficiently compressed to create a sonic shock wave in the liquid due to aeration. It is the point at which the liquid is released (or ejected) into the liquid at a sufficient speed. Is the shock wave a flow nozzle? Sonic formation occurs when gas is released at supersonic speed. For example, air at 70 degrees Fahrenheit , if the pressure ratio across the orifice or nozzle is greater than 2, the It is best to eject from an orifice or converging nozzle at a speed equal to the speed of sound in air. well known. Supersonic velocities can be generated using suitably shaped branched flow nozzles. , they have no benefit for the purposes of the present invention.

In physics, the desired aeration of gas and liquid and the continuous co-current flow of liquid are is created by the momentum of However, in the present invention, the momentum of the released gas , that is, its action is accelerated by increasing the product of its mass flow and velocity. Ru. Since the gas flow in the flow nozzle is at the sonic speed, the mass flow of the gas is It is proportional to pressure and inversely proportional to the square root of its absolute temperature. However, in gas The speed of sound is also roughly proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature of the gas. Thus, the mathematical relationship Therefore, the momentum of the gas flow at the speed of sound in the flow nozzle is It can be seen that it is only a function of the absolute temperature of the gas. Therefore, in the operation of the present invention, The momentum and effectiveness delivered by gas can be increased by increasing the gas supply pressure. This, of course, increases gas consumption. However, supplied Momentum and the effectiveness of the present invention are maintained by increasing the gas supply temperature; It is clear that this reduces gas consumption. Thus, the present invention provides a flow nozzle. This can be done most economically by preheating the gas fed to the chamber. Said As is well known, preheating can be done by various means such as electric heaters or steam jackets. This can be easily achieved by steps.

A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. A liquid flow (indicated by arrow 6) guided into the acceleration tube 5 ) is fixed with a truncated cone-shaped entry section 8 which acts to increase the amount of There is. In Figure 2 the gas ejection nozzle is positioned inside the tubular section 7 in a certain area. It is being However, the gas discharge nozzle should be placed in the truncated conical section of the accelerator tube. Positioned internally or somewhat outside and upstream of the truncated conical entry section is possible.

The jet of liquid from the gas discharge nozzle should enter the accelerator tube. Therefore, gas the discharge nozzle to such an extent that the jet of liquid dissipates considerably before entering the accelerator tube. It cannot be located remotely upstream of the accelerator tube.

In FIG. 2, the accelerator tube is installed in a tank 9 containing liquid and an agitator 11. shown. In this particular application, the accelerating tube 5 is in the flow direction created by the agitator. oriented along. This arrangement increases the liquid flow into the accelerator tube 5 and The flow from the fast tube increases the flow created by the agitator.

A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3, in which the liquid flow 6 guided inside the acceleration tube 5 is A suction pipe 12 for increasing the amount of liquid and gas that has exited the acceleration pipe 5 receives aeration of the liquid and gas. It is positioned so that it can be The acceleration tube 5 is located inside the suction tube 12 in FIG. Although it is shown with the accelerating tube 5 attached, the accelerating tube 5 is located somewhat outside and upstream of the suction tube 12. You can also attach it.

The third embodiment is shown inserted into liquid 1 contained in tank 9. buff If the flow from the suction pipe 12 penetrates the surface of the liquid in the tank, the positioned to deflect said flow to prevent it from disappearing into the internal space.

The baffle returns the fluid flow from the draw tube to the liquid, thereby improving the mixing of the liquid. and facilitate mass transport across the interfacial region.

A fourth embodiment is shown in FIG. 4, which includes a large truncated conical section 8 and a a tubular section 7 and a frustoconical outlet section to form a venturi 14. truncated conical entry section 8 and truncated conical outlet The outlet portions of the sections 8 each correspond to the inner diameter of the suction tube 12. This bencher The reshaping may induce more liquid flow 6 into the accelerator tube 5 and the suction tube 12. This further promotes aeration performance.

``Down-one.''

The first embodiment shown in Figure 1 is submerged in a tank of liquid as shown in Figures 5 and 6. evaluated by measuring the dissipation performance of gases dissolved in and dissolved in the liquid. It was done.

The dimensions and shapes of the components described below are exemplary and do not limit the scope of the invention. It is not intended to be limiting or limiting. Referring to FIG. 1, the gas discharge pipe 2 is 172 inches in diameter and has a minimum flow area of 0.072 inches in diameter. It is terminated at a nozzle. The gas release tube 2 is made of copper with a nominal vibe size of 1 inch. inserted through and attached to a vacuum bushing that closes one open end of the T-tube. Attached. The open end opposite the gas discharge tube has a length of 3 inches with matching dimensions. The copper vibrator nipple was screwed on. The discharge nozzle 3 of the gas discharge pipe 2 Position it so that a 1/4 inch length of the end extends into the vibrator nipple. I was exposed.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, this first embodiment of the invention has a conical bottom. It is inserted into a 200 gallon tank consisting of an upright cylinder approximately 38 inches in diameter. The accelerator tube was fixed in a horizontal orientation near the tank wall. Conductive to this specific example Equipment to limit and measure the pressure and flow rate of the aeration gas shall be installed in the piping. It was done. An oxygen sensor 15 is attached to the tank wall on the opposite side of this specific example. Ta. The tank was filled with 92 gallons of soybean oil at 46°C, and the present example and oxygen sensor were added to the tank. Sarr 15 was sunk. The propeller 11 of the stirrer is submerged in soybean oil and rotates. This gave the soybean oil slow circulation. Air becomes soybean oil, oxygen meter 16 contains soybean The oil was diffused until it appeared saturated with oxygen.

Nitrogen gas at a pressure of 140 psig is then delivered to the example with a flow of 4.8 scfm. amount of release was created. Nitrogen gas traverses the converging flow discharge nozzle of this embodiment. from the flow discharge nozzle as long as the pressure ratio for It was emitted at the speed of sound, creating a shock wave. Described array configuration, situation, etc. All dimensions and shapes of the specific examples are as described below, with exceptions as noted. It was used in an experiment.

The performance of the first specific example and three other diffusers known in the art was determined for comparison. The results are shown in FIG. The lowest curve is circular and 1/8 inch in diameter. This figure shows the performance of a diffuser with an outer diameter of 172 inches and 17 holes. 2 from the bottom The lowest curve represents the performance of a porous metal disk with an outside diameter of 5 and a half inches; The third curve from the bottom represents the performance of a single nozzle with a discharge diameter of 0.072 inch. ing. The top curve is the same one fitted with an accelerator tube to include the first embodiment. Constant aeration time of 20 minutes and constant aeration of 4.8 scfm representing nozzle performance When compared with gas flow rate, the oxygen removal rate achieved by the annular diffuser is 48% , 63% for the porous metal disk, 75% for the single nozzle, and in the first embodiment The performance of the embodiment of the present invention clearly exceeded that of the conventional diffuser. It was even better.

The insertion of the acceleration tube 5 into the gas discharge nozzle 3 is as shown in FIG. It was found that it affected performance. The diffusion ability is (1) upstream of the inlet end of the accelerator tube. (2) 1/4 inch position inside the inlet end of the accelerator tube; (3) It is shown positioned at the 2V4 inch position inside the accelerator tube. most Good performance was obtained when the gas release nozzle was positioned inside the accelerator tube, but A slight change in performance was observed when varying the length of the groove. 1/4 inch difference inclusion to measure the effect of other geometric changes on aeration performance. Adopted as standard position.

Figure 9 shows the aeration time in the first specific example in which accelerator tubes of several different lengths are fitted alternately. The amount of oxygen removed at 10, 20 and 30 minutes is shown. Inside the accelerator tube Acceleration through the nozzle using a standard nozzle inserted 1/4 inch into the The optimum length of the tube was approximately 2% inches.

The influence of the diameter of the accelerator tube was investigated. having a nominal outside diameter of 1/2.1 and 2 inches; Three different types whose inner diameters are 0.626, 1.063, and 2.063 inches respectively. Dimension copper vibrator was evaluated. The equipment for each evaluation shall be provided with a matching A vibrator nipple 3 was included which was threaded long into a T-tube having a diameter of 30 mm. The result The result is shown in Figure 10, where a 92-gallon It is shown that the oxygen dissipation performance from soybean oil is the best. 153 gallons The optimality of oxygen evolution from ruboxyethylcellulose solutions was also confirmed I:.

The optimum length and diameter of the accelerator tube is a function of the gas flow rate to be aerated. High gas flow rate The larger the length and diameter of the accelerating tube, the more favorable the performance. like this The selection of these variables depends on the size and shape of the tank, the time allowed for the aeration operation, Affected by the cost of aeration gas.

Adjust the length and diameter of the accelerating tube and the aeration gas flow to the desired aeration to the tank dimensions and vice versa. It is expected that good aeration results will be obtained by scaling with time. be measured. (The inner diameter is 1/2 to 10 inches, and the length is 1 the inner diameter of the accelerator tube.) An accelerator tube with a range of 10 times greater than Using an accelerator tube with this inner diameter Suitable and useful suction tubes have internal diameters ranging from 3 to 72 inches and lengths of The range is from 1 to 20 times the inner diameter of the suction tube.

medicine--l Evaluation of the second specific example was also conducted. The second example is a truncated head with a maximum diameter of 4 inches. A 1 inch nominal outside diameter, 3 inch long strip with a conical entry section. The diffuser of this second specific example, which is made up of stainless steel vibe 1, has a diameter of 30.5 inches. Directly above the upright cylindrical tank and oriented vertically upwards. This upright cylindrical tank has temperature Filled with 8,544 gallons of 17.9°C water, this water is approximately 24 inches above the diffuser. Provided water at a height of . At the middle height of the tank, the contents of the tank are pumped. provided with an inlet and an outlet through which the water is circulated at a rate of approximately 5 gallons per minute. . A tank sensor was positioned near the outlet. The middle circumference of the tank is the tank dissipated with air until the sensor indicates saturation with oxygen, then with nitrogen gas ni,)□・lj(”’j, (,’j>’betweenXli’i”・waJ′　Weigh Q’i ,・) Take ε surrender, 壓(ih-"j"j'H1 diffused f+,'■ T? jl　　　　2-I friend 1,゛Oxygen, flt beans are monitoring, Sa21),...32 Risato Shima is the parameter of the nitrogen flow rate relative to the removed oxygen with parameters between -cent is shown in FIG. Gas releases at a flow rate of approximately 2.37 scfm It was calculated that the speed of sound is generated upon passing through the orifice. The curve in Figure 11 As the diffuser gas flow increases, the oxygen removal rate decreases rapidly until the sonic velocity is achieved. It is shown that the amount increases rapidly, and then the increase decreases. In this way, there are few (and The benefits of releasing gas at the speed of sound are clear. Changes in oxygen removal rate The motion occurs over several flow ranges, including the calculated flow rate at the speed of sound. is considered to be within experimental accuracy.

Nine-Yu Using the second embodiment described in Example 3, the diameter of the gas release orifice is 0.15. increased to inches. Using the same experimental setup as in Example 2, oxygen removal was determined as a function of aeration time. measured as a number. A nitrogen gas flow with a flow rate of 5.12 scfm was used for aeration. It was. Here, the pressure upstream of the gas release orifice is 14 psig, and the gas release The speed through the orifice was taken as the speed of sound. In Figure 12, the diameter is 0.072 inches. Oxygen removal rate obtained using conventional orifice with overflow of 4.8 scfm A comparison has been made. This conventional orifice has a pressure upstream of the gas release orifice. is 64 psjg, and the orifice passing speed is high j, 'R-5'...))5 He, Riyan, He11, ;”) Aeration time - The oxygen removal rate is smaller, the gas is supplied at a higher pressure creating a sound velocity. The supplied orifice is approximately 10% larger. In this way, the diffuser gas can be brought to a higher pressure. , especially when supplied at a pressure that creates the speed of sound, other things being equal. In this example, the oxygen removal rate is evaluated for the third specific example as shown in Figure 3. was accomplished. The third example is shown in FIG. 2 and has an inner diameter of 6.36 inches and a length of 2. This third embodiment, consisting of a 2-inch accelerator tube, is installed in the tank shown in FIG. It was oriented lengthwise with a 1.5 inch gap from its bottom. diameter A flat circular baffle measuring 8.6 inches is placed 4 inches above the outer end of the draw tube. It was positioned about an inch below the water's surface. As shown in Figure 13, this The oxygen removal rate of the third specific example is such that the diffused nitrogen gas exceeds the critical value for sonic flow. The second was supplied under a pressure of 86 ps i g and at the same flow rate of 5 s Cfm. It exceeded that of the specific example by about 8%.

L”～ Other evaluations demonstrated the mixing capabilities of the present invention. Consists of an acceleration tube and a suction tube. A third example was submerged vertically in 3000 gallons of water contained in a tank. . The accelerator tube is located 12 inches above the bottom of the tank at the center of the tank cross section. was positioned just inside the bottom end of the suction tube. The accelerator tube is approximately 1 inch in diameter. Contains a 2.5 inch long tube whose truncated conical entry section is 45 degrees The maximum diameter (of the opening) was 4 inches. The aeration gas release pipe has an outer diameter is 1/2 inch and terminates in a 0.15 inch diameter orifice. Sucking The diameter of the ejection tube was approximately 12 inches and the length was 66 inches. flat circular bag The full tube was positioned 4 inches above the top of the draw tube. 1500sc Nitrogen gas at a flow rate of fm was inserted at a pressure ratio λ exceeding the critical value for the speed of sound. small amount dye was injected near the entrance of the accelerator tube. The dye was passed through the tank for 1.2 minutes. This proved the effectiveness of sonic diffusers for mixing.

The specific examples described are illustrative, not restrictive, and reflect the spirit of the invention. something that can be created differently without departing from God or its essential characteristics, and whose true nature The scope is indicated by the appended claims, including all changes within equivalent meaning and scope. It will be done.

Diffusion device comparison Kyōki time (minutes) FIG.7 Effect of gas discharge nozzle position on accelerator tube Diffusion time (min) FIG.8 Effect of accelerator tube length on aeration performance Accelerated pipe length extension beyond the nozzle (inch) FIG, 9 Effect of accelerating tube diameter on aeration performance Diffusion time (min) FIG, IQ Effect of nitrogen flow rate on oxygen removal rate FIG,ll Effect of injection gas pressure on aeration performance Time (minutes) FIG.I2 Effective time of suction pipe on tank aeration performance at sonic speed (minutes) FIG. 13 Summary book Gas is released into a liquid at the speed of sound, creating a shock wave that disperses the gas and liquid. Improved apparatus and method for aerating gas in a liquid in which a body jet is created This jet induces a parallel flow of continuous liquid, which prevents coalescence of the phases and This facilitates the mass phase shift. In the apparatus for the method of the invention, a gas discharge nozzle 3 through which the jet of gas and liquid and the induced liquid flow pass and It is directed into the acceleration tube 5 where it is discharged inside the larger suction tube 12. The induced liquid flow is thereby increased.

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Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. releasing a gas into a liquid at a velocity at least not less than the speed of sound, thereby and liquid aeration to form a jet of liquid and induce a continuous parallel flow of liquid. a gas release means; an accelerator tube open at each end, with a jet of the aeration liquid at one of the ends; receives the cut and directed liquid flow and discharges a combined flow at the other end of said end. With said acceleration tube for A gas diffuser consisting of. 2. including a suction tube open at each end, the suction tube being connected to the accelerator tube; receives the liquid flow, directs additional liquid flow inside one end, and directs the entire flow to that end. The gas diffuser according to claim 1, wherein the gas diffuser is adapted to discharge from the other end. 3. positioned within the liquid to redirect flow from the suction tube into the liquid 3. The gas diffuser of claim 2, including a baffle. 4. The gas release means is open at one end to release the gas into the liquid. The gas diffuser according to claim 1, which is a gas discharge pipe. 5. The gas discharge tube has a nozzle with a reduced flow area for discharging the gas. A gas diffuser according to claim 4. 6. The accelerator tube is a truncated conical jet of liquid followed by a constant flow section. 5. The gas diffuser of claim 4, including an inlet section having a region of reduced flow in a direction. . 7. The accelerating tube consists of a truncated region of extended flow from which a region of constant flow follows. 7. The gas diffuser of claim 6 including a conical section. 8. Claims: The discharge end of the gas discharge tube is located within the flow reduction region of the acceleration tube. 6 gas diffuser. 9. The accelerating tube has an open area inside the suction tube to receive the combined flow from the accelerating tube. 3. The gas diffuser of claim 2, wherein the gas diffuser is located near the end of the gas diffuser. 10. The inside diameter of the accelerator tube ranges from 1/2 inch to 10 inches, and the length The gas diffuser according to claim 1, wherein the range is 1 to 10 times the inner diameter of the accelerating tube. 11. The inside diameter of the suction tube ranges from 3 to 72 inches, and the length ranges from 3 to 72 inches. The gas diffuser according to claim 1, which has an inner diameter of 1 to 20 times the inner diameter of the pipe. 12. A method for aerating gas into a liquid, at least not below the speed of sound. releasing the gas into the liquid at a high rate; inducing co-current flow of liquid followed by gas release and mixing with the flowed liquid stream; forming a liquid jet of gas and liquid aeration; A method for aerating a gas into said liquid comprising: 13. Aerating a gas into a liquid according to claim 12, including the step of reacting the gas with the liquid. How to do it. 14. Claims including the step of dissolving, absorbing or suspending the gas in the liquid Method for aerating gas into 12 liquids. 15. Gas is released into the liquid by aeration, and other gases or vapors contained in the liquid are released. 13. The method of claim 12 including the step of diffusing gas into a liquid. 16. 13. The liquid of claim 12, comprising the step of aerating a gas into the liquid and mixing it with the liquid. How to diffuse gas inside. 17. Claims including the step of bubbling a gas into the liquid to remove particulate matter from the liquid Method of diffusing gas into 12 liquids. 18. Prepare a liquid consisting of a mixture of at least two liquid components with different volatile properties. a gas is diffused into the mixture to remove the most volatile fraction from the remaining fraction. and removing a fraction rich in components. how to.