JPH054519A - Back door structure for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a twist when a back door mounted with a spare tire is opened. CONSTITUTION:A door lock 4 is arranged to be vertically offset from the line L passing the center of gravity G of a back door 1 mounted with a spare tire 7 and perpendicular to the axis H of door hinges 3. Rubber stoppers 8, 9 compressed between the back door 1 and a vehicle body 2 to regulate the interval between them when the back door 4 is closed are arranged above and below the door lock 4. The spring constant of the rubber stopper 8 arranged on the opposite side of the door lock 4 across the line L is made larger than that of the rubber stopper 9 arranged on the door lock 4 side, and the twist of the back door 1 is suppressed by the reaction force of the rubber stopper 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a back door structure for an automobile in which a spare tire is mounted on a back door which covers a rear opening of a vehicle body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art One side of a back door is supported on a vehicle body by vertical hinge pins to form a side-opening type back door, and a spare tire is carried on the back door. Is generally known. For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-161994 discloses that in such a vehicle, a part of the back door is projected rearward of the vehicle body to form a tire housing portion that is open to the passenger compartment for housing a spare tire. It is disclosed that the peripheral wall of the tire storage portion is made fragile. In other words, this one deforms the tire storage part at the time of a collision to absorb the shock, thereby deforming the entire back door,
Also, the door lock is prevented from being damaged.

[0003]

The point of action of the force from the back door to the vehicle body when the back door is opened and closed is located on the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door and orthogonal to the axis of the door hinge. On the other hand, in the above-mentioned automobile in which the back door is a laterally-open type and the spare tire is carried on the back, the center of gravity of the back door is different between when the spare tire is installed and when the spare tire is not installed.

Therefore, when the spare tire is mounted, the position of the door lock may be vertically displaced from the above line. Therefore, when the back door is closed, the back door is twisted due to the above deviation. For example, when the door lock position is below the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door, the center of gravity of the back door is above the door lock position, and the back door has a moment so that its upper portion falls inward. Will work and twist.

Due to such twisting, the load applied to the door hinge and the door lock becomes large, and the operation force required for operating the door lock becomes excessively large and the operation force required for opening and closing the back door becomes large. With
The durability of door hinges and door locks is also reduced. In particular, since the weight of the back door as a whole increases due to the mounting of the spare tire, the trouble caused by the twist becomes large.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides means for preventing twisting of the back door when the back door is closed with a spare tire mounted.

That is, as a concrete means thereof, one side portion of the back door which covers the rear opening of the vehicle body is rotatably supported by the vehicle body by a door hinge having an axis in the vertical direction, and is connected to the other side portion of the back door. A back door structure for an automobile, in which a door lock for holding the back door in a closed state to the vehicle body is provided between the vehicle body and a spare tire mounting portion for mounting a spare tire on the back door. The door lock is arranged to pass through the center of gravity of the back door in the state where the spare tire is mounted and is vertically offset from a line orthogonal to the axis of the door hinge. Rubber stoppers that are compressed between the back door and the vehicle body when the door is closed and that regulate the distance between the two are arranged. It is characterized in that the rubber stopper arranged on the opposite side of the door lock across the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door has a larger spring constant than the rubber stopper arranged on the door lock side. The second means (hereinafter referred to as the first means) is a rubber that is compressed above and below the door lock and is compressed between the back door and the vehicle body when the back door is closed, and regulates the distance between the two. The rubber stoppers are located on the opposite side of the door lock across the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door when the back door is closed. It is characterized in that it is formed so as to be compressed before the stopper.

A third means is a gas stay that resists a force in the closing direction of the back door between the vehicle body and the back door on the opposite side of the door lock across the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door. Is provided.

[0009]

In the first means, when the back door having the spare tire is closed, the door lock is vertically offset with respect to the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door. A centering point acts across the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door, and the part on the opposite side of the door lock tries to contact the vehicle body with a larger force than the part on the door lock side. On the other hand, the rubber stopper arranged on the side on which the large force acts is set to a spring constant larger than that of the rubber stopper arranged on the door lock side. Large, which prevents twisting of the backdoor.

In the second means, when the back door is closed, the rubber stopper on the opposite side of the door lock on which the large force acts is compressed before the rubber stopper on the door lock side. By the rubber stopper that is compressed first, the torsion moment acting on the back door can be suppressed and the back door can be prevented from twisting while absorbing the impact when the back door is closed.

In the third means, when the back door is closed, the gas stay is disposed between the vehicle body and the back door on the opposite side of the door lock where the above large force acts. The back door can be closed while suppressing the twisting moment acting on the back door.

[0012]

Therefore, according to the first means, the door lock is arranged vertically offset from the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door with the spare tire mounted and orthogonal to the axis of the door hinge. In, a rubber stopper with a large spring constant was arranged on the opposite side of the door lock across the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door, and a rubber stopper with a small spring constant was arranged on the door lock side, so the back door was closed. When the back door is twisted, the load on the door hinge and the door lock can be reduced to reduce the operation force required to operate the door lock and open and close the back door. The durability of can be improved.

According to the second means, the rubber stoppers on the upper and lower sides of the door lock are located on the opposite side of the door lock across the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door when the back door is closed. Since it is formed so as to be compressed before the rubber stopper arranged on the door lock side, the back door is prevented from being twisted while absorbing the impact when the back door is closed, and the same effect as the above first means. Can be obtained.

According to the third means, there is a resistance between the back door on the opposite side of the door lock and the vehicle body across the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door and against a force in the back door closing direction. Since the gas stay is provided, the back door can be closed by the gas stay without twisting, and the same effect as the first means can be obtained.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a back door for covering a rear opening of a vehicle body of an automobile, one side portion of which is rotatably supported by a vehicle body 2 by door hinges 3, 3 whose axes are vertical. On the other hand, a door lock 4 for holding the back door 1 in the vehicle body 2 in a closed state is provided between the other side portion of the back door 1 and the vehicle body 2. On the other side of the back door 1, a pull-up type outer handle 5 for releasing the lock of the back door 1 to the vehicle body 2 by the door lock 4, and the outer handle 5 and the back door 1 side. And a rod-shaped link 6 for connecting to the door lock member. The back door 1 is provided with a spare tire mounting portion for mounting the spare tire 7 at a position offset from the center thereof to the door hinge 3 side.

The door lock 4 is provided with the spare tire 7
Is arranged below the line L that passes through the center of gravity G of the back door 1 in a state of being mounted and is orthogonal to the axis H of the door hinge 3 below. The upper and lower ends of the door lock 4, that is, the upper end and the lower end of the other side portion of the back door 1 are compressed between the back door 1 and the vehicle body 2 when the back door is closed, as shown in FIG. Rubber stoppers 8 and 9 for restricting the distance between the two are respectively arranged.

The structures of the door lock 4, the outer handle 5 and the link 6 are shown in FIG. In the figure,
10 is a striker fixed to the vehicle body 2, 11 is a first arm supported by the back door 1 and engaged with the striker 10, 12 is supported by the back door 1 and connected to the outer handle 5 via a cable 13. It is the second arm.

The striker 10 and the first arm 11 form a door lock 4. The center of the first arm 11 is rotatably supported on the back door 1 by a pin 14
It has a character-shaped base, and the striker 1 is provided at one end of the base.
A hook portion 11a that engages with 0 is provided, and one end of the link 6 is connected to the other end of the base portion. The hook part 1
A guide portion for rotating the first arm 11 to engage the striker 10 by sliding the striker 10 when the back door 1 is pushed in the closing direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the la 1a. There is. The second arm 12 is L
The link 6 is formed in a letter shape, and the other end of the link 6 is connected to one end, and one end of the cable 13 is connected to the other end. The other end of the cable 13 is connected to the lower end of the outer handle 5.

The upper and lower rubber stoppers 8 and 9 of the door lock 4 have different spring constants, and the upper rubber stopper 8 has a larger spring constant than the lower rubber stopper 9. The mounting structure of both rubber stoppers 8 and 9 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. That is, the both rubber stoppers 8 and 9 are attached to the back door 1 by the bolts 15, and are in contact with the pillar portions 2a of the vehicle body 2, respectively. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1a denotes a back door window glass, 16
Is a weatherstrip.

Therefore, in the above backdoor structure,
The point of action of the force from the back door 1 to the vehicle body 2 when the back door 1 is opened and closed with the spare tire 7 mounted is located on the line L passing through the center of gravity G of the back door 1. Further, since the door lock 4 is arranged offset below the line L, the center of gravity of the back door 1 is located above the position of the door lock 4, as shown in FIG. When 1 is closed, the moment M acts on the back door 1 so that the upper part thereof falls inward.

On the other hand, the upper and lower rubber stoppers 8 and 9 are compressed by the contact with the vehicle body 2 from the state shown by the chain double-dashed lines in FIGS. The distance from 2 will be regulated. At this time, since the upper rubber stopper 8 is set to have a spring constant larger than that of the lower rubber stopper 9, the reaction force against the closing power of the back door 1 is large, and the twist of the back door 1 is suppressed.

In the above example, the upper rubber stopper 8 and the lower rubber stopper 9 have different spring constants.
Both springs have the same spring constant, that is, they are manufactured by using the same rubber material, and as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. The stopper 8a may contact and compress the vehicle body 2 before the lower rubber stopper 9. In this case, the upper rubber stopper 8
The a suppresses the twisting moment M acting on the back door 1 while absorbing the impact when the back door is closed, and thus the back door is prevented from twisting.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment, in which a gas stay 21 is used to prevent the back door 1 from twisting. That is, also in this example, the door lock 4
Is offset below the line L passing through the center of gravity of the back door 1 with the spare tire 7 mounted, as in the previous embodiment. The gas stay 21 is arranged between the upper edge of the back door 1 and the upper edge of the opening of the vehicle body 2.

Therefore, in this example, the gas stay 21 is
Suppresses the above-described moment M that acts when the back door 1 is closed by acting as a resistance against the force in the back door closing direction, and thus the twisting of the back door 1 is prevented.

When the rubber stopper is provided as in the previous embodiment, it may be provided on the vehicle body side.

Although the door lock is arranged below the line L passing through the center of gravity of the back door in the above embodiment, the present invention can be applied to the case where the door lock is offset above.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a back door structure of an automobile.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a back door structure of an automobile.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a relationship between a door lock, an outer handle and a link.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a momentum generated when the back door is closed.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the back door structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 back door 2 car body 3 door hinges 4 door lock 5 Outlander 6 links 7 spare tires 8,9 Rubber stopper 21 gas stay

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Shigefumi Takano             3-1, Shinchi, Fuchu-cho, Aki-gun, Hiroshima Prefecture Mazda             Within the corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A back door which covers a rear opening of a vehicle body is rotatably supported on the vehicle body by a door hinge having an axis in the vertical direction, and the back door is provided between the other side portion of the back door and the vehicle body. A door lock is provided for holding the door in a closed state on the vehicle body, and is a back door structure of an automobile provided with a spare tire mounting portion for mounting a spare tire on the back door, wherein the door lock is Passed through the center of gravity of the back door in the state where the spare tire is mounted, and arranged vertically offset from a line orthogonal to the axis of the door hinge, above and below the door lock,
Rubber stoppers that are compressed between the back door and the vehicle body when the back door is closed and restrict the distance between the two are arranged.The upper and lower rubber stoppers sandwich the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door and lock the door. A back door structure for an automobile, characterized in that a rubber stopper arranged on the opposite side of is set to have a larger spring constant than a rubber stopper arranged on the door lock side. 2. A back door that covers a rear opening of a vehicle body is rotatably supported on the vehicle body by a door hinge whose axis extends vertically, and the back door is provided between the vehicle body and the other side portion of the back door. A door lock is provided for holding the door in a closed state on the vehicle body, and is a back door structure of an automobile provided with a spare tire mounting portion for mounting a spare tire on the back door, wherein the door lock is Passed through the center of gravity of the back door in the state where the spare tire is mounted, and arranged vertically offset from a line orthogonal to the axis of the door hinge, above and below the door lock,
Rubber stoppers that are compressed between the back door and the vehicle body when the back door is closed and restrict the distance between the two are arranged.The upper and lower rubber stoppers cross a line passing through the center of gravity of the back door when the back door is closed. A back door structure for an automobile, wherein the rubber stopper arranged on the opposite side of the door lock is formed so as to be compressed before the rubber stopper arranged on the door lock side. 3. One side portion of a back door that covers the rear opening of the vehicle body is rotatably supported by the vehicle body by means of a door hinge whose axis is vertical, and the back door is provided between the other side portion of the back door and the vehicle body. A door lock for holding a door in a closed state on a vehicle body is provided, and a back door structure of an automobile provided with a spare tire mounting portion for mounting a spare tire on the back door, wherein the door lock is: Passed through the center of gravity of the back door in the state where the spare tire is mounted, and arranged vertically offset from the line orthogonal to the axis of the door hinge, and sandwiching the line passing through the center of gravity of the back door, Between the back door and the vehicle body on the opposite side, a gas stay that resists a force in the closing direction of the back door is arranged. A structure.