JPH0541933B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0541933B2 JPH0541933B2 JP62168629A JP16862987A JPH0541933B2 JP H0541933 B2 JPH0541933 B2 JP H0541933B2 JP 62168629 A JP62168629 A JP 62168629A JP 16862987 A JP16862987 A JP 16862987A JP H0541933 B2 JPH0541933 B2 JP H0541933B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- shaped fixing
- fixing device
- vibrator
- measuring device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
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Landscapes
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
＜産業上の利用分野＞
開示技術は橋や船舶等の大型鉄骨構造物の継手
を固定するボルト等棒状固定装置の振動や疲労に
よる緩みや破断を初期に締結固定した状態のまま
で検査する技術の分野に属する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The disclosed technology can be used to quickly fasten and fix rod-like fixing devices such as bolts that fix joints of large steel structures such as bridges and ships, to prevent loosening or breakage due to vibration or fatigue. It belongs to the field of technology that inspects the state as it is.
＜要旨の概要＞
而して、この出願の発明は橋梁や船舶等の大型
鉄骨構造物に於て長期に亘つて作用する高頻度の
振動や熱挙動等により複数母剤を継手部を介して
緊締固定するボルト等の棒状固定装置がその棒状
固定装置本体に緩みや破断が生じないようにその
初期のセツト状態のままで機能の測定を行うこと
が出来る装置を有している棒状固定装置とその使
用方法に関する発明であり、特に、棒状固定装置
本体の一端部等の一側側の表面に凹部を形成し、
該凹部に圧電素子タイプの厚み形振動子等の振動
子をカバーを外設して接着剤等により添着し、該
棒状固定装置本体をセンサ化し、ハイパスフイル
タ等を介して電気的な計測装置に接続し、該振動
子に超音波振動を付与して棒状固定装置本体内の
反射波を測定装置により測定して内部の破断を検
知したり、母材の他の部位に設けられた圧電素子
タイプの等の振動子により高周波振動を付与して
該高周波振動が母材と棒状固定装置本体を通つて
該棒状固定装置本体に添設された厚み形振動子等
の振動子に受信されてその軸力低下によるボルト
の緩み等を検知することが出来るようにした棒状
固定装置及びその使用方法に係る発明である。<Summary of the gist> The invention of this application is to apply multiple base materials through joints due to high-frequency vibrations and thermal behavior that act over a long period of time in large steel structures such as bridges and ships. A rod-shaped fixing device that has a device that can measure the function of a rod-shaped fixing device such as a bolt that is tightened and fixed in its initial set state so that the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device does not loosen or break. The invention relates to a method of using the same, and in particular, forming a recess on the surface of one side such as one end of the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device,
A vibrator such as a piezoelectric element type thickness type vibrator is attached to the concave portion with an external cover and an adhesive, and the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device is converted into a sensor and connected to an electrical measuring device via a high-pass filter or the like. Connect the transducer and apply ultrasonic vibration to the rod-shaped fixing device body and measure the reflected wave inside the rod-shaped fixing device body with a measuring device to detect internal breakage. A high-frequency vibration is applied by a vibrator such as, and the high-frequency vibration is received by a vibrator such as a thickness type vibrator attached to the rod-shaped fixing device body through the base material and the rod-shaped fixing device body, and the shaft This invention relates to a rod-shaped fixing device that can detect loosening of bolts due to a decrease in force, and a method of using the same.
＜従来の技術＞
周知の如く、大型の鉄骨構造物等はさまざまな
分野で広く用いられており、道路の橋桁の継手部
分や鉄塔の継手部分、又、大型船舶等の骨組部分
の継手にボルト等の棒状固定装置による締結固定
手段が用いられているが、これらの鉄骨構造物の
継手部分は激しく変化して印加される活荷重によ
る振動や温度変化による熱挙動にさらされ、更に
は、ワツシヤを介装していても、ナツトの緩み等
によつて軸力が低下するような潜在的な種々の悪
条件を有しており、そのような状態を放置してお
くと、由々しい不足の事態を招来する虞がある。<Prior art> As is well known, large steel structures are widely used in various fields, and bolts are used in joints of road bridge girders, steel towers, and frame parts of large ships. However, the joints of these steel structures undergo rapid changes and are exposed to vibrations due to applied live loads and thermal behavior due to temperature changes. Even if it is installed, there are various potential adverse conditions such as a decrease in axial force due to loosening of nuts, etc., and if such conditions are left unchecked, serious shortages will occur. There is a risk that this may lead to the following situation.
しかも、これらの継手部分等に於けるボルト等
の棒状固定装置は当該構造物の極めて狭隘な部分
や高所や深所にて初期の締結固定がなされるため
に、一旦初期セツトされると、以降のメンテナン
スがし難いという難点があるにもかかわらず、安
全上の保守、点検、装備、交換等は不可欠とされ
ている。 Moreover, since the rod-shaped fixing devices such as bolts in these joints are initially fastened and fixed in extremely narrow parts of the structure, or in high or deep places, once they are initially set, Despite the drawback that subsequent maintenance is difficult, maintenance, inspection, equipment, replacement, etc. are considered essential for safety reasons.
而して、該種ボルト等の棒状固定装置の固定締
結部位や状態は一般に外部から目視することがほ
ぼ不可能な場合が多く、超音波深傷等の特殊な検
査は可能であるが、かかる検査作業をするにして
も、上述の如く高所や深所等の狭隘な部分にて作
業を行わねばならず、安全上問題があり、しかも
特殊な操作技術や熟練を要し、著しくメンテナン
スコストが高くつくという不利点があつた。 In many cases, it is almost impossible to visually observe the fixed fastening parts and conditions of rod-shaped fixing devices such as bolts from the outside, and although special inspections such as ultrasonic waves for deep damage are possible, Even if inspection work is to be carried out, as mentioned above, the work must be carried out at high places, deep places, and other narrow spaces, which poses safety issues, and requires special operating techniques and skills, which significantly increases maintenance costs. The disadvantage was that it was expensive.
これに対処するに、定期、不定期的に作業員が
ハンマ等によりボルトのボルトヘツドやシヤンク
等を適宜に打撃してその音響の異常の有無により
ナツトとボルトの緩みやネジ部とシヤンク部の境
界部に生じている（かもしれない）破断や亀裂を
間接的に測定するような検知手段が用いられてい
る。 To deal with this problem, workers periodically or irregularly strike the bolt head or shank of the bolt with a hammer, etc., and check whether the nut and bolt are loose or the boundary between the threaded part and the shank. Detection means are used to indirectly measure breaks or cracks that may have occurred in the area.
これに対し、例えば、特開昭57−142539号公報
発明に示されているように蒸気タービンのケーシ
ングのボルトのリラクゼーシヨン測定がボルトに
対して市販のトランスジユーサーを取り付けて行
われる技術もあるが、該トランスジユーサーのボ
ルトへの取り付け、取り外しが煩瑣で測定データ
に不安定さが出る不具合がある。 On the other hand, for example, as shown in the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-142539, there is a technique in which the relaxation of a bolt of a steam turbine casing is measured by attaching a commercially available transducer to the bolt. However, the process of attaching and removing the transducer to the bolt is cumbersome and results in unstable measurement data.
＜発明が解決しようとする課題＞
しかしながら、該種音響検知手段による間接的
な測定では勘に頼るという再現性に乏しい手段の
ために高度の熟練を要し、汎用性がなく、しか
も、精度が不安定で高所や狭隘部位に於ける人手
作業には向かないという難点があつた。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, indirect measurement using such acoustic detection means requires a high degree of skill because it relies on intuition and has poor reproducibility, is not versatile, and has low accuracy. The disadvantage was that it was unstable and unsuitable for manual labor at high places or in narrow spaces.
又、ボルト等の締結状態を安定して経時的に機
能維持を図るべくナツトとの間に異種金属のワツ
シヤやゴムパツキン等が介装されている態様では
上記打撃による音響効果が一定ではなく、近時の
如く新素材が次々に採用される状態ではかかる勘
に頼るという熟練を介しての検知手段では確実な
対応が得られないという欠点があつた。 In addition, in the case where a washer made of a different metal, a rubber seal, etc. is interposed between the bolt and the nut in order to stabilize the fastened state and maintain the function over time, the acoustic effect due to the above-mentioned impact is not constant, and may vary in the near future. In a situation where new materials are being adopted one after another, a detection method based on skill that relies on intuition has the disadvantage that a reliable response cannot be obtained.
而して、大型構造物ながら、精密で高精度の構
造物等にあつて各ボルトに超音波深傷装置を付与
することは論理的には可能であつても、実際には
コスト的に、又、装置技術的に、そして、サイズ
や重量等の点で実現不可能であるというネツクが
あつた。 Therefore, although it is theoretically possible to apply an ultrasonic deep damage device to each bolt in large, precise and high-precision structures, in reality, it is not cost-effective. In addition, there was a problem that it was impossible to implement in terms of equipment technology, size, weight, etc.
而して、このような問題は橋梁、鉄骨構造物等
の構造物に限らず、大型船舶や鉄道用の機関車、
大型建設機械、工作機械、更には、航空機等の主
要部分に多くの棒状固定装置を用いている機械装
置類においても潜在的に同様な問題を有してい
る。 Such problems are not limited to structures such as bridges and steel structures, but also to large ships, railway locomotives,
Similar problems potentially exist in large construction machines, machine tools, and even mechanical devices that use many rod-shaped fixing devices in their main parts, such as aircraft.
＜発明の目的＞
この出願の発明の目的は上述従来技術に基づく
ボルト等の棒状固定装置の一旦構造物にセツトさ
れた後の経時的な間接目視は勿論のこと、直接目
視の不可能な破断や緩みによる軸力低下の検知の
問題点を解決すべき技術的課題とし、該種ボルト
等の棒状固定装置の本来的な締結固定機能を何ら
損うことなく、しかも、一旦セツトされたままの
状態においても、その高所、深所、狭隘部位等の
セツト部位に係りなく、定期、不定期的に、任意
に、しかも、近接して直接的方式で、或は、遠隔
測定方式にて所望に、且つ、自在にその破断や緩
みによる軸力低下を検知することが出来、適宜に
対処して不測の事態を未然に防ぎ、これらの大型
構造物や機械装置の設計通りの本来的な機能を常
にフルに発揮させることが出来る状態に保持し得
るようにして建設産業や機械製造産業における安
全技術利用分野に益する優れた棒状固定装置及び
その使用方法を提供せんとするものである。<Objective of the Invention> The object of the invention of this application is to prevent fractures that cannot be directly visually observed as well as indirect visual inspection over time after the rod-shaped fixing device such as a bolt based on the above-mentioned prior art is once set in a structure. The problem of detecting a decrease in axial force due to loosening or loosening is a technical issue to be solved, and it is possible to solve the problem of detecting a decrease in axial force due to bolts or loosening. Regardless of the setting location, such as high places, deep places, narrow places, etc., it can be used regularly or irregularly, as desired, directly in close proximity, or by telemetry. It is possible to freely detect a decrease in axial force due to breakage or loosening, take appropriate measures to prevent unexpected situations, and restore the original functions of these large structures and mechanical devices as designed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent rod-shaped fixing device and a method of using the same, which can be kept in a state where it can be fully utilized at all times, thereby benefiting the field of safety technology application in the construction industry and machine manufacturing industry.
＜課題を解決するための手段・作用＞
上述目的に沿い先述特許請求の範囲を要旨とす
るこの出願の発明の構成は、前述課題を解決する
ために、ビル、鉄塔、船舶等の経時的に繰り返し
荷重を高頻度に受け、又、熱挙動による応力等も
頻繁に受ける構造物の継手部分等に用いられるボ
ルト等の棒状固定装置が母材に装着された初期セ
ツト状態において、そのボルトヘツド等の端部等
の一側に形成した凹部内に所定の圧電素子タイプ
の厚み形振動子を工業接着剤等によりプロテクタ
のカバーを外設して添設し、所定にナツト締やか
しめ等により設計通りの軸力で締結固定し、厚み
形振動子等の小型の振動子からのリード線やケー
ブルは所定部位に離間してセツトされた監視装置
の計測装置にハイパスフイルタ等を介して接続さ
れ、ナツトの緩み等による軸力低下を測定するに
際しては母材に棒状固定装置本体から所定距離離
隔した他のたわみ形振動子等の振動子をセツトし
て同じく監視装置に電気的に接続し、又、破断の
測定に対しては厚み形振動子等の振動子を監視装
置の超音波深傷装置に接続して定期、不定期的に
他のたわみ形振動子等の振動子に所定の高周波振
動を付与することにより、高周波振動は母材を介
し棒状固定装置本体を伝播してその棒状固定装置
本体端部に添着された厚み形振動子等の振動子に
受信され、軸力が低下しておれば、その受信され
たパルスの振動波形が小さな振幅になつたり、振
幅を失うことから不測にして当該棒状固定装置に
緩み等の軸力低下の機能異常が生じていることを
確実に検知することが出来、又、厚み形振動子等
の振動子に超音波振動を付与して当該超音波振動
の棒状固定装置本体内での反射波はネジ部とシヤ
ンク部に破断が生じている場合には直ちにその反
射波の振動波形によるスパイク状の反射波等を超
音波深傷装置により検出して非破壊的に直ちに検
知し、適宜の所定の対応を行うようにして当該建
造物や装置の棒状固定装置を可及的速やかに交換
したり、再締結等の所定の手段をとり、構造物が
常に設計通りの機能を維持することが出来るよう
にし、しかも、上述検出作業は安全で正確、且
つ、高能率に省力的に低コストで行うことが出来
るようにした技術的手段を講じたものである。<Means/effects for solving the problem> In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structure of the invention of this application, which is summarized in the above-mentioned claims, is to solve the above-mentioned problem. When rod-shaped fixing devices such as bolts used for joints of structures that are frequently subjected to repeated loads and stress due to thermal behavior are attached to the base material in the initial set state, the bolt head, etc. A predetermined piezoelectric element type thick vibrator is attached to the recess formed on one side of the end, etc. with a protector cover attached externally using industrial adhesive, etc., and then tightened with nuts or caulked as designed. The lead wires and cables from small oscillators such as thick type oscillators are connected via high-pass filters, etc. to the measuring device of the monitoring device, which is set at a predetermined distance. When measuring the decrease in axial force due to loosening, etc., a vibrator such as another flexible vibrator is set on the base material at a predetermined distance from the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device, and is also electrically connected to the monitoring device. For fracture measurement, a transducer such as a thickness transducer is connected to an ultrasonic deep damage device of a monitoring device, and a predetermined high-frequency vibration is periodically or irregularly applied to other transducers such as a flexible transducer. By applying this, high-frequency vibrations propagate through the rod-shaped fixing device body through the base material and are received by a vibrator such as a thickness type vibrator attached to the end of the rod-shaped fixing device body, reducing the axial force. For example, if the vibration waveform of the received pulse becomes small in amplitude or loses its amplitude, it is possible to reliably detect that the rod-shaped fixing device has unexpectedly malfunctioned due to a decrease in axial force, such as loosening. In addition, when ultrasonic vibration is applied to a vibrator such as a thickness-type vibrator, the reflected wave of the ultrasonic vibration within the rod-shaped fixing device body will cause a break in the threaded part and shank part. Immediately detect spike-shaped reflected waves due to the vibration waveform of the reflected waves using an ultrasonic deep damage device, immediately detect them in a non-destructive manner, and take appropriate prescribed measures to secure the building or equipment in a rod shape. We will ensure that the structure always maintains its designed function by replacing the device as soon as possible, or taking prescribed measures such as re-fastening, and that the above-mentioned detection work is safe, accurate, and Technical measures have been taken to make this process highly efficient, labor-saving, and low-cost.
＜実施例＞
次に、この出願の発明の実施例を図面を参照し
て説明すれば以下の通りである。<Example> Next, an example of the invention of this application will be described below with reference to the drawings.
図示実施例は道路の構造物としての高架橋等の
橋桁のジヨイント部等に用いられるフランジ継手
に適用した態様であり、第１〜９図に示す実施例
はボルト、ナツトの少くともいづれか一方の初期
締結状態が高頻度に繰り返される車輌通過等によ
る各種の装置振動荷重や温度変化による熱挙動を
介しての緩みのために、軸力が低下しているかど
うかを任意に不定期的に、或は、定期的に検知す
る態様である。 The illustrated embodiment is a mode applied to a flange joint used for a joint part of a bridge girder such as a viaduct as a road structure, and the embodiment shown in FIGS. Checks arbitrarily and irregularly whether the axial force has decreased due to loosening due to vibration loads of various devices due to passing vehicles, etc. where the fastened state is frequently repeated, or thermal behavior due to temperature changes. , which is a mode of periodic detection.
而して、第２図に示す基本的態様の様に、棒状
固定装置としてのボルト１の棒状固定装置本体の
シヤンク１′のナツト締結側のネジ３の端面４に
は一般市販のセラミツク製等の圧電素子タイプの
振動子の小型の厚み形振動子５が振動検出子とし
てシリコン系等の工業接着剤により所定に添設固
着されてセンサ化されており、風雨や防蝕ペイン
ト塗布、更には、組付時の他の事物に対する干渉
を阻止すべくコネクタ６を有するプロテクタとし
てのカバー７に被包されて設けられ、そのリード
線８は第１図に示す様に、所定部位に離隔して設
置された管理建物等に設けられた計測装置９のチ
ヤンネル交換装置１０に接続されている。 As shown in the basic embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the end surface 4 of the screw 3 on the nut fastening side of the shank 1' of the rod-shaped fixing device main body of the bolt 1 as a rod-shaped fixing device is made of ceramic or the like available on the market. A small thickness type vibrator 5 of a piezoelectric element type vibrator is attached and fixed as a vibration detector with an industrial adhesive such as silicone to form a sensor. In order to prevent interference with other objects during assembly, the connector 6 is provided covered with a cover 7 as a protector, and its lead wire 8 is installed at a predetermined location at a distance, as shown in FIG. It is connected to a channel exchange device 10 of a measuring device 9 installed in a managed building or the like.
而して、当該図示態様において、ボルト１の３
本のB1，B2，B3が相互に設計上の所定距離を介
して母材としての橋桁の型鋼のウエブ１２の上部
のフランジ１３と該フランジ１３に上設された他
の母材としてのプレート１４に挿通されてナツト
２、ロツクナツト２′により締結されている。 Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, 3 of the bolts 1
B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 are separated from each other at a predetermined distance by design as the flange 13 on the upper part of the web 12 of the shaped steel of the bridge girder as the base material, and the other base material installed on the flange 13. It is inserted through the plate 14 and fastened with a nut 2 and a lock nut 2'.
したがつて、当該図示態様においても明らかな
通り、各ボルト１の棒状固定装置本体のシヤンク
１′のネジ３に対するナツト２、ロツクナツト
２′の螺装は厚み形振動子５、プロテクタ７、コ
ネクタ６には何ら妨げられず、スムースに行わ
れ、又、不測にして僅かに干渉しても、該プロテ
クタ７が厚み形振動子５の添設固定状態を損傷す
るような虞は全くない。 Therefore, as is clear from the illustrated embodiment, the nuts 2 and lock nuts 2' are threaded onto the screws 3 of the shank 1' of the rod-shaped fixing device main body of each bolt 1 through the thickness type vibrator 5, protector 7, and connector 6. This is carried out smoothly without any hindrance, and even if there is a slight interference unexpectedly, there is no risk that the protector 7 will damage the attached and fixed state of the thickness type vibrator 5.
尚、該厚み形振動子５は数キロヘルツから数メ
ガヘルツの広範囲の弾性振動を被動的に生ずるよ
うにされている。 The thickness type vibrator 5 passively generates elastic vibrations in a wide range from several kilohertz to several megahertz.
而して、母材の橋桁１１の型鋼のフランジ１３
の裏面等の所定部位には第１図に示す様に、ボル
トB1，B2，B3から所定距離離隔した位置に他の
検出振動付与振動子としての圧電素子タイプのた
わみ形振動子１５が同じくシリコン系等の工業接
着剤により接着固定されて風雨や防蝕ペイント塗
布、或は、設置タイミングでの他の機器との干渉
による損傷を避けるために、上述同様にプロテク
タとしてのカバー１６が皮包されてコネクタ１７
を介しリード線８により測定装置９の発振装置１
８に電気的に接続されて数十キロヘルツの高周波
振動を発生させて母材として橋桁１１のフランジ
１３を介してボルト１のシヤンク１′に当該高周
波振動を検出振動として弾性的に伝播させるよう
にされている。 Therefore, the flange 13 of the shape steel of the base material bridge girder 11
As shown in FIG. 1, there is a piezoelectric element type flexible vibrator 15 as another detecting vibration imparting vibrator at a predetermined location on the back side of the board, at a predetermined distance from the bolts B 1 , B 2 , B 3 . Similarly, the cover 16 as a protector is attached to the skin in order to avoid damage caused by wind and rain, application of anti-corrosive paint, or interference with other equipment during installation. Connector 17
The oscillating device 1 of the measuring device 9 is connected by the lead wire 8 through the
8 to generate high-frequency vibrations of several tens of kilohertz and elastically propagate the high-frequency vibrations as detected vibrations to the shank 1' of the bolt 1 via the flange 13 of the bridge girder 11 as a base material. has been done.
而して、計測装置９は先述した如く、当該橋桁
１１の管理建物等の所定部位に設けられてチヤン
ネル切換装置１０からリード線を介して設けられ
たハイパスフイルタ１９により厚み形振動子５で
検知された数キロヘルツから数メガヘルツの高周
波振動部分のみを増幅回路２０を介し発振器１８
からの信号と共にオシログラフ２１を有する計測
装置本体２２に送信されるようにされ、所定の操
作により該発振器１８に高周波振動を発生させる
と共に厚み形振動子５からの高周波振動をオシロ
グラフ２１に表示すると共に図示しない記録装置
等にデータとして記録するようにされている。 As mentioned above, the measuring device 9 is provided at a predetermined portion of the bridge girder 11 such as a management building, and is detected by the thickness type vibrator 5 using the high-pass filter 19 provided via the lead wire from the channel switching device 10. Only the high frequency vibration part of several kilohertz to several megahertz is transmitted to the oscillator 18 via the amplifier circuit 20.
The oscillator 18 generates high-frequency vibrations through a predetermined operation, and the high-frequency vibrations from the thickness-type vibrator 5 are displayed on the oscillograph 21. At the same time, the information is recorded as data in a recording device (not shown) or the like.
而して、各ボルトB1，B2，B3についてはナツ
ト２、ロツクナツト２′が所定の軸力により連結
されておらず、ボルトとしては締結固定機能が発
揮されていない状態ではオシログラフ２１に於い
て、第３図に示す様に、図上左から右への振動波
形の信号はほとんど振れず、滑かであるように現
れるのに対しナツト２とロツクナツト２′がネジ
３に対し緩みが生じ始めて軸力が低下し始める状
態では第４図に示す様に、その振動波形は振れが
小さく発生し始めるような状態になり、又、ボル
ト１としての締結固定状態が完全に維持されてい
る場合には第５図に示す様に、大幅に確実に振動
波形が振れることが理論、及び、実験により分つ
ている。 Therefore, for each bolt B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , the nut 2 and lock nut 2' are not connected with the predetermined axial force, and the oscilloscope 21 is in a state where the bolt does not perform its fastening and fixing function. As shown in Figure 3, the vibration waveform signal from left to right in the diagram appears to be smooth with almost no fluctuation, but nut 2 and lock nut 2' are loosened relative to screw 3. As shown in Fig. 4, when the axial force starts to decrease, the vibration waveform becomes such that the runout starts to be small, and the fastened and fixed state of the bolt 1 is maintained completely. It has been known from theory and experiment that when there is a vibration waveform, the vibration waveform swings significantly and reliably as shown in FIG.
そして、設計的には厚み形振動子１５の位置か
らのボルトB1，B2，B3の離隔距離は決められて
いるために、その伝達時間はB1が最も（近接位
置のため）早く、次いで、B2であり、B3には遅
く伝達することも分つており、当該第５図に示す
様に、ナツト２、ロツクナツト２′がネジ３に対
し設計通りの軸力で締結されている状態での理
論、及び、実験によるデータは第９図に示す様
に、横軸にボルト１の各位置Ｐを、又、縦軸にた
わみ形振動子１５からの弾性振動の伝達時間ｔを
とると、グラフＱに示す様なリニアな特性を描く
ことが分つており、これを基にして各ボルト１の
B1，B2，B3の各々に軸力が充分に作用している
状態では第５図に示す様な弾性振動の発生がオシ
ログラフ２１に見られ、この場合、厚み型振動子
１５からの距離に応じて振動波形のスタートが時
間的に異なり、例えば、B1については厚み型振
動子１５からの距離が最も近いために、第６図に
示す様に、短いt1時間後に振動波形が発生し、B2
についは第７図に示す様に、所定のt2の時間後、
B3については第８図に示す遅いt3時間後の軸力充
分の振動波形が発生することが分つている。 In addition, since the distance of the bolts B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 from the position of the thickness type vibrator 15 is determined in terms of design, the transmission time is the fastest for B 1 (because it is located close to it). , then B2 , and it is known that the transmission is slow to B3 , and as shown in Fig. 5, the nut 2 and lock nut 2' are fastened to the screw 3 with the designed axial force. The theoretical and experimental data for this state are as shown in Figure 9, where the horizontal axis represents each position P of the bolt 1, and the vertical axis represents the transmission time t of the elastic vibration from the flexible vibrator 15. It is known that the linear characteristics shown in graph Q are drawn when
When sufficient axial force is applied to each of B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 , elastic vibrations as shown in FIG. The start of the vibration waveform differs in time depending on the distance. For example, for B 1 , since the distance from the thick type vibrator 15 is the closest, the vibration waveform starts after a short t 1 hour as shown in FIG. occurs, B 2
As shown in Figure 7, after a predetermined time t2 ,
For B3 , it is known that a vibration waveform with sufficient axial force is generated after 3 hours of slow t as shown in Fig. 8.
したがつて、定期、不定期的に計測装置９によ
りタイムスケジユールにより自動的に、或は、半
自動的に、作業員による手動操作で発振器１８を
介して厚み型振動子型１５に所定の高周波の弾性
振動を発生させた場合、仮にB2のボルト１に繰
り返し荷重や熱挙動によるナツト２、ロツクナツ
ト２のネジ３に対する螺合に緩みが生じて軸力低
下が発生し始めている場合には第４図の状態が第
９図に△で示す状態、即ち、本来の時間t2に対し
t2′と長く時間が経過してから緩みによる軸力低
下が目視され、又、記録用紙にも記録することが
出来る。 Therefore, a predetermined high frequency signal is periodically or irregularly applied to the thick vibrator type 15 via the oscillator 18 automatically or semi-automatically according to a time schedule by the measuring device 9, or by manual operation by an operator. When elastic vibration is generated, if the threading of bolt 1 of B 2 to nut 2 and lock nut 2 to screw 3 becomes loose due to repeated loads or thermal behavior, and the axial force begins to decrease, then The state shown in the figure is the state shown by △ in Fig. 9, that is, for the original time t 2.
After a long period of time t 2 ' has elapsed, the decrease in axial force due to loosening can be visually observed and also recorded on the recording paper.
又、t2時間経過しても、第３図に示す様に、振
動波形が生じない場合は当該B1のボルト１が確
実に軸力を失つていてボルトとして機能していな
いことが分る。 In addition, if the vibration waveform does not occur even after 2 hours have elapsed, as shown in Figure 3, it is clear that the bolt 1 of B 1 has definitely lost its axial force and is no longer functioning as a bolt. Ru.
したがつて、このような場合には、例えば、所
定の自動制御回路により当該B2のボルト１に対
する警告ランプやブザーが点滅するようにするこ
とによつて直ちに当該B2のボルト１、ナツト２、
ロツクナツト２′の再増し締めを行つたり、B2の
該ボルト１やナツト２、ロツクナツト２′の所定
の交換の対処作業を行うことが出来る。 Therefore, in such a case, for example, a warning lamp or a buzzer for the bolt 1 of the B 2 may be made to flash by a predetermined automatic control circuit, so that the bolt 1 and the nut 2 of the B 2 may be immediately removed. ,
It is possible to retighten the lock nut 2', or perform predetermined replacement work of the bolt 1, nut 2, and lock nut 2' of B2 .
そして、このような検知は昼夜間を問わず、天
候状態にも左右されず、所望に、又、自動的に行
うことが出来る。 Such detection can be performed as desired and automatically, regardless of day or night, and regardless of weather conditions.
又、所定のブラウン管に第９図に示すＱの特性
グラフを表示して各ボルト１の振動波形を重ねて
示すことにより、いづれのボルトの緩みが発生し
ているかも、又、その緩みの程度も表示される振
動波形により判断することが出来る。 In addition, by displaying the Q characteristic graph shown in Figure 9 on a prescribed cathode ray tube and superimposing the vibration waveforms of each bolt 1, you can see which bolt is loosening and the degree of loosening. can also be determined from the displayed vibration waveform.
又、第１０図に示す実施例はボルト１のシヤン
ク１′のネジ３の端部に凹部４′を形成し、カバー
としての厚み形振動子５を埋め込み式にしてプロ
テクタプレート７′をセツトするようにすること
も出来、当該実施例では上述態様と実質的な作用
効果には何ら変わりはないものである。 Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, a recess 4' is formed at the end of the screw 3 of the shank 1' of the bolt 1, a thickness type vibrator 5 serving as a cover is embedded, and a protector plate 7' is set. It is also possible to do as follows, and in this embodiment, there is no substantial difference in operation and effect from the above-mentioned embodiment.
而して、第１１〜１６図（第１２、１３図では
図示の都合上ボルト１のシヤンク１′の端部に凹
部は省略してある。）に示す実施例は棒状固定装
置のボルト１のシヤンク１′に第１３図に示す様
に、亀裂等の破断２３が生じた場合にこれを検知
する態様である。 The embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 16 (in FIGS. 12 and 13, the concave portion is omitted at the end of the shank 1' of the bolt 1 for convenience of illustration) As shown in FIG. 13, this is an embodiment in which when a break 23 such as a crack occurs in the shank 1', this is detected.
該種ボルト等の棒状固定装置１に於いては経験
的にその疲労等による破断はほとんどが径方向に
発生しており、そのため、深触子法の超音波によ
る深傷手段が用いられ得、したがつて、上述実施
例の厚み形振動子５をボルト１のシヤンク１′の
ネジ３の端部の凹部にシリコン系の工業接着剤等
により添着固定した態様において、該厚み形振動
子５に超音波振動を付与することにより、その弾
性波２４は棒状固定装置本体のシヤンク１′内に
於いて反射波のエコーとなつて検出することが出
来、したがつて、第１２図に示す様な破断のない
状態では厚み形振動子５からボルトヘツドまでの
距離Ｌに於ける反射波が発生する第１４図の様な
パルス波形となり、第１３図に示す様なネジ３と
シヤンク１′との境界基部等に破断２３が厚み形
振動子５からｌの距離において発生している場合
には第１５図に示す当該破断を現すスパイク状の
波形がｌの距離の部位に生ずるために、間接的な
がら明瞭に目視することが出来、このことは予め
第１６図に示す様に、当該破断２３の深さ、即
ち、側面からの亀裂の深さｈを横軸に、そのスパ
イク状の破断２３部に対する反射波の高さＨ（％）
をとつた場合、Q2に示す特性曲線のデータが予
め得られていることから、第１５図に示すスパイ
ク状の反射波の振動波形により破断部２３の深さ
ｈを測定することが出来るものである。 In the rod-shaped fixing device 1 such as the seed bolt, most fractures due to fatigue etc. occur in the radial direction according to experience, and therefore, deep damage means using ultrasonic waves of the deep probe method can be used. Therefore, in the embodiment in which the thickness type vibrator 5 of the above-mentioned embodiment is attached and fixed to the recess at the end of the screw 3 of the shank 1' of the bolt 1 using a silicone-based industrial adhesive or the like, the thickness type vibrator 5 is By applying ultrasonic vibration, the elastic wave 24 can be detected as an echo of the reflected wave within the shank 1' of the rod-shaped fixing device body, and therefore, as shown in FIG. In a state where there is no breakage, a reflected wave is generated at a distance L from the thickness type vibrator 5 to the bolt head, resulting in a pulse waveform as shown in Fig. 14, and the boundary between the screw 3 and the shank 1' as shown in Fig. 13. When a fracture 23 occurs at a distance of l from the thickness type vibrator 5 in the base etc., a spike-like waveform representing the fracture as shown in FIG. 15 is generated at a distance of l, so that As shown in FIG. 16, this can be clearly seen with the depth of the fracture 23, i.e., the depth h of the crack from the side, on the horizontal axis, relative to the spike-shaped fracture 23. Reflected wave height H (%)
In this case, since the data of the characteristic curve shown in Q 2 is obtained in advance, the depth h of the fracture part 23 can be measured from the vibration waveform of the spike-shaped reflected wave shown in Fig. 15. It is.
而して、上述２つの実施例のいづれか一方を用
いることにより、基本的にボルト１の軸力不充分
な緩み状態を検知することが出来、更に、当該ボ
ルトの破断や疲労による亀裂等を定期、不定期的
に所望に、しかも、離隔した部位に於いて、検
知、計測することが出来る。 By using either of the above-mentioned two embodiments, it is basically possible to detect a loosened state of the bolt 1 due to insufficient axial force, and furthermore, it is possible to periodically detect breakage of the bolt or cracks due to fatigue. , it is possible to detect and measure irregularly as desired and at distant locations.
しかしながら、上述した如く、いづれの実施例
においても、棒状固定装置としての複数のボルト
１，１…の棒状固定装置本体の各シヤンク１′の
端部に同一圧電素子タイプの厚み形振動子５を添
着させることによつて全て共通的に緩み検知や疲
労、破断等を検知することが出来るために、同一
ボルト等の棒状固定装置に対して緩み余地と破断
検知を行うことが出来る一種の監視システム、乃
至、管理システムを採ることが出来る。 However, as described above, in both embodiments, the same piezoelectric element type thick vibrator 5 is attached to the end of each shank 1' of the rod-shaped fixing device main body of the plurality of bolts 1, 1, . . . as the rod-shaped fixing device. By attaching it, it is possible to commonly detect loosening, fatigue, breakage, etc., so it is a kind of monitoring system that can detect loosening and breakage for rod-shaped fixing devices such as the same bolt. , or a management system can be adopted.
かかる原理的なシステムの実施例は第１７図に
示され、棒状固定装置１，１…に対しスキヤナ２
５を介して振動波形発生装置２６を接続し、オシ
ログラフ２１を有する測定装置２２′と超音波探
傷装置１８′とは所定の制御装置２７に電気的に
接続され、該制御装置２７は光デイスクや磁気テ
ープ２８等に入力されるように接続されると共に
プリンタ２９によつてデータを記録し、又、集中
管理システムであれば、当該橋梁の管理部門や修
理現場等にケーブル、乃至、無線電話３１により
電話３２を介して警報通知し、又、超音波探傷装
置１８′が第１５図に示す様な破断の検知を行つ
た際には警報器３０を作動させるようなシステム
にすることは当業者にとつての電子工学的な技術
レベルで容易に設計することが出来るものであ
る。 An embodiment of such a principle system is shown in FIG.
The measuring device 22' having the oscillograph 21 and the ultrasonic flaw detector 18' are electrically connected to a predetermined control device 27, and the control device 27 is connected to an optical disk In addition, if the system is a centralized management system, it will be connected to the bridge's management department or repair site by cable or wireless telephone. It is reasonable to create a system in which an alarm is notified via the telephone 32 by the telephone 31, and the alarm 30 is activated when the ultrasonic flaw detector 18' detects a break as shown in FIG. It is something that can be easily designed by a person with electronic engineering skills.
尚、この出願の発明の実施態様は上述各実施例
に限るものでないことは勿論であり、例えば、探
傷が金属相互ではなくてコンクリート中に埋設す
るアンカーボルトや吊りボルト等に対するもので
も良く、又、対象とする構造物は橋梁の他に塔や
船舶、列車等の大型機械装置に対しても適用出来
る等種々の態様が採用可能である。 It goes without saying that the embodiments of the invention of this application are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments; for example, flaw detection may be performed not on metals but on anchor bolts, hanging bolts, etc. buried in concrete, or In addition to bridges, various structures can be adopted, such as being applicable to large mechanical devices such as towers, ships, and trains.
そして、たわみ形振動子や厚み形振動子はセラ
ミツクス製の圧電素子タイプの他にもこの出願の
発明の精神に沿う適宜の太陽が適用出来るものは
全て採用可能である。 In addition to the piezoelectric element type made of ceramics, the flexible type vibrator and the thickness type vibrator can be any type that can be applied to an appropriate solar cell in accordance with the spirit of the invention of this application.
又、設計変更時にはネジの端部ばかりでなく、
他の所定の表面部位に設けることが出来ることは
勿論のことである。 Also, when changing the design, not only the end of the screw, but also
Of course, it can be provided at other predetermined surface locations.
＜発明の効果＞
以上、この出願の発明によれば、基本的に土
木、建築等の建設構造物のみならず、様々な繰り
返し荷重が経時的に反復して印加され、又、熱挙
動が生じる大型機械構造物等の複数の部品や母材
を結合固定して緊締するボルト等の棒状固定装置
の初期組み付け等に際してセツトされた状態から
の経時的な繰り返し荷重による緩みや反復振動、
熱挙動による該種緩みや疲労、破壊等による破断
が生じても、初期セツト状態のままで検知するこ
とが出来るという優れた効果が奏される。<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the invention of this application, not only construction structures such as civil engineering and architecture but also various repetitive loads are repeatedly applied over time and thermal behavior occurs. Rod-shaped fixing devices such as bolts that connect and tighten multiple parts and base materials of large mechanical structures, etc. during initial assembly may loosen or repeat vibrations due to repeated loads over time.
Even if breakage occurs due to loosening due to thermal behavior, fatigue, destruction, etc., it is possible to detect it in the initial set state, which is an excellent effect.
したがつて、極めて高い高所部位にある橋梁や
鉄塔、更には、深い渓谷に設けられた構造物等作
業員が建造後には作業が立入ることが出来ない部
位や狭隘な部分のボルト等、更には、大型船舶の
奥深い部位に於けるボルトの締結状態の検査等が
行え、しかも、厚み形振動子等の振動子は近時高
精度で、しかも、安価に大量生産することが出来
るために、多数のボルト等の組付締結時にその先
端等の部位に添着固定しておくことにより、安価
に初期セツトが出来るという利点がある。 Therefore, bolts in bridges and steel towers located at extremely high elevations, structures in deep ravines, etc., which workers cannot access after construction, or in narrow areas, etc. Furthermore, it is possible to inspect the fastening condition of bolts in the deep parts of large ships, and since vibrators such as thick type vibrators have recently become highly accurate and can be mass-produced at low cost. By attaching and fixing a large number of bolts to the tips thereof when assembling and tightening them, there is an advantage that initial setting can be performed at low cost.
そして、棒状固定装置本体の所定の表面部位に
形成した凹部に１つの厚み形振動子等の振動子を
受信側としてカバーを外設して添着すると共に母
材の他の厚み形振動子等を振動付与振動子として
設けることにより緩み等による軸力低下を予知す
ることが出来、又、厚み形振動子で疲労等をその
初期の段階で対処的に検知することが出来るため
に、予防処置と対処処置とが併せて行えるため
に、不可避的に繰り返し印加される揺動や振動や
熱挙動による応力を介しつの緩みや破断に確実に
対処出来、構造物や建造物の機能維持、安全対策
に極めて大きく寄与することが出来るという優れ
た効果が奏される。 Then, a transducer such as one thickness type vibrator is attached as a receiving side to a recess formed in a predetermined surface area of the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device, and a cover is attached externally, and another thickness type vibrator etc. of the base material is attached. By providing it as a vibrating vibrator, it is possible to predict a decrease in axial force due to loosening, etc. Also, with a thick type vibrator, it is possible to proactively detect fatigue etc. at an early stage, so it can be used as a preventive measure. Because countermeasures can be taken at the same time, it is possible to reliably deal with loosening and breakage due to stress caused by shaking, vibration, and thermal behavior that are unavoidably repeatedly applied, and to maintain the function of structures and buildings and take safety measures. The excellent effect of making an extremely large contribution is achieved.
そして、ボルト等の棒状固定装置本体が予めセ
ンサ化されているために測定の都度振動子の取付
け取り外しがなくて済み作業がし易く、又、デー
タも安定して保たれるという優れた効果が奏され
る。 In addition, since the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device such as a bolt is sensorized in advance, there is no need to attach or remove the vibrator each time a measurement is made, making the work easier, and the data is also kept stable. It is played.
又、振動子はカバーを外設して取り付けられる
ためにペイント塗装の剥離もなく、他の装置施設
に対し振動子をプロテクタとして保持出来、セン
サとしての機能維持を図れるメリツトもある。 Further, since the vibrator is mounted with an external cover, there is no peeling of the paint, and the vibrator can be held as a protector for other equipment facilities, which has the advantage of maintaining its function as a sensor.
図面はこの出願の発明の実施例の説明図であ
り、第１図は１実施例の構造の部分断面図、第２
図は同棒状固定装置の部分断面側面図、第３図は
軸力の消失した状態の振動波形図、第４図は軸力
の減少し始めた振動波形図、第５図は完全に軸力
を維持している状態の波動波形図、第６，７，８
図は軸力を完全に失つた棒状固定装置の振動付与
部位からの時間遅れの振動波形図、第９図は棒状
固定装置の振動付与部位からの軸力消失の振動波
形の伝達時間の特性グラフ図、第１０図は別の実
施例の棒状固定装置の部分断面拡大図、第１１図
は別の実施例の構造図、第１２図は破断の生じて
いない棒状固定装置の振動波形の反射波伝達部分
断面側面図、第１３図は破断の生じている棒状固
定装置の超音波反射波の伝達部分断面側面図、第
１４図は破断の生じていない超音波の反射波の振
動波形図、第１５図は破断の生じている反射波の
振動波形図、第１６図は破断の深さと破断の面積
比率の特性曲線グラフ図、第１７図は軸力検知と
破断検知のシステム図である。
１……棒状固定装置、１′……棒状固定装置本
体、５……振動子、９……計測装置、１１……母
材、１９……振動波形、１８′……探傷装置、１
８……発信装置、７，７′，１６……カバー、
４′……凹部。
The drawings are explanatory diagrams of embodiments of the invention of this application, and FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of the structure of one embodiment, and FIG.
The figure is a partial cross-sectional side view of the same rod-shaped fixing device, Figure 3 is a vibration waveform diagram when the axial force has disappeared, Figure 4 is a vibration waveform diagram when the axial force has begun to decrease, and Figure 5 is a vibration waveform diagram when the axial force has completely disappeared. Wave waveform diagram in the state where the 6th, 7th, 8th
The figure is a time-delayed vibration waveform diagram from the vibration-applying part of a rod-shaped fixing device that has completely lost its axial force. Figure 9 is a characteristic graph of the transmission time of the vibration waveform when the axial force disappears from the vibration-applying part of the rod-shaped fixing device. 10 is an enlarged partial sectional view of a rod-shaped fixing device according to another embodiment, FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of another embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a reflected wave of the vibration waveform of the rod-shaped fixing device in which no breakage has occurred. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional side view of the transmission portion of the ultrasonic reflected wave of the rod-shaped fixing device in which the fracture has occurred. FIG. 14 is a vibration waveform diagram of the reflected ultrasonic wave without the fracture. FIG. 15 is a vibration waveform diagram of a reflected wave that causes a fracture, FIG. 16 is a characteristic curve graph of fracture depth and fracture area ratio, and FIG. 17 is a system diagram of axial force detection and fracture detection. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rod-shaped fixing device, 1'... Rod-shaped fixing device main body, 5... Vibrator, 9... Measuring device, 11... Base material, 19... Vibration waveform, 18'... Flaw detection device, 1
8... Transmission device, 7, 7', 16... Cover,
4'... recess.
Claims (1)
置を有する棒状固定装置において、該棒状固定装
置本体の一側表面に形成された凹部内に測定装置
としての振動子が設置されて計測装置に電気的に
接続され、該凹部には該振動子を内側にしてカバ
ーが外設して添着され、棒状固定装置本体がセン
サー化されていることを特徴とする棒状固定装
置。 ２ 上記棒状固定装置本体がボルトであることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の棒状固定
装置。 ３ 上記振動子が厚み形振動子にされていること
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の棒状固
定装置。 ４ 上記厚み形振動子が圧電素子で形成されてい
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第３項記載の
棒状固定装置。 ５ 上記計測装置がハイパスフイルタを有する振
動波形測定装置であることを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１項記載の棒状固定装置。 ６ 母材に対し取り付けられると共に機能測定装
置を有する棒状固定装置において、棒状固定装置
本体の一側表面に形成された凹部内に測定装置と
しての振動子が内設されて計測装置に電気的に接
続され、該凹部には振動子を内側にしてカバーが
外設して添着され、該棒状固定装置本体がセンサ
化され而して上記母材に他の振動子が設けられて
発振装置に電気的に接続されていることを特徴と
する棒状固定装置。 ７ 上記他の振動子がたわみ形振動子で形成され
ていることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第７項記
載の棒状固定装置。 ８ 母材に対し取り付けられる棒状固定装置本体
の一側表面に形成された凹部内に添設された振動
子が計測装置に電気的に接続されている棒状固定
装置の使用方法において、該振動子に超音波パル
ス振動を与えて棒状固定装置本体内の反射波を上
記計測装置の探傷装置に入力して該棒状固定装置
本体の破断状態を検知するようにしたことを特徴
とする棒状固定装置の使用方法。 ９ 母材に対し取り付けられる棒状固定装置本体
の一側表面に形成された凹部内カバーを外設して
添設された振動子が計測装置に電気的に接続され
ている棒状固定装置の使用方法において、母材に
設けた他の振動子に高周波振動を付与してその高
周波振動を母材を介し上記棒状固定装置本体を通
し該棒状固定装置本体の表面に形成された凹部内
に添設した振動子に受信振動を与えて上記計測装
置により該棒状固定装置本体の軸力異常を検知す
るようにしたことを特徴とする棒状固定装置の使
用方法。[Claims] 1. A rod-shaped fixing device that is attached to a base material and has a function measuring device, in which a vibrator as a measuring device is installed in a recess formed on one side surface of the rod-shaped fixing device main body. A rod-shaped fixing device, characterized in that it is electrically connected to a measuring device, a cover is externally attached to the recess with the vibrator facing inside, and the rod-shaped fixing device main body is made into a sensor. 2. The rod-shaped fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the rod-shaped fixing device main body is a bolt. 3. The rod-shaped fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the vibrator is a thickness type vibrator. 4. The rod-shaped fixing device according to claim 3, wherein the thickness type vibrator is formed of a piezoelectric element. 5. The rod-shaped fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device is a vibration waveform measuring device having a high-pass filter. 6 In a rod-shaped fixing device that is attached to a base material and has a function measuring device, a vibrator as a measuring device is installed inside a recess formed on one side surface of the rod-shaped fixing device body, and electrically connected to the measuring device. A cover is externally attached to the concave portion with the vibrator inside, and the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device is made into a sensor. A rod-shaped fixing device characterized by being connected to each other. 7. The rod-shaped fixing device according to claim 7, wherein the other vibrator is a flexible vibrator. 8 In a method of using a rod-shaped fixing device in which a vibrator attached to a recess formed in one side surface of the rod-shaped fixing device body attached to a base material is electrically connected to a measuring device, the vibrator is attached to a base material. A rod-shaped fixing device, characterized in that the fracture state of the rod-shaped fixing device body is detected by applying ultrasonic pulse vibration to the rod-shaped fixing device body and inputting reflected waves within the rod-shaped fixing device body to a flaw detection device of the measuring device. how to use. 9. How to use a rod-shaped fixing device that is attached to a base material and has a vibrator electrically connected to a measuring device by installing a cover inside a recess formed on one side surface of the main body of the rod-shaped fixing device. In this method, a high-frequency vibration is applied to another vibrator provided on the base material, and the high-frequency vibration is passed through the base material and through the rod-shaped fixing device body, and is attached to the recess formed on the surface of the rod-shaped fixing device body. A method of using a rod-shaped fixing device, characterized in that an abnormality in the axial force of the rod-shaped fixing device body is detected by the measuring device by applying received vibration to a vibrator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16862987A JPS6413433A (en) | 1987-07-08 | 1987-07-08 | Rod type fixing device and its using method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16862987A JPS6413433A (en) | 1987-07-08 | 1987-07-08 | Rod type fixing device and its using method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6413433A JPS6413433A (en) | 1989-01-18 |
| JPH0541933B2 true JPH0541933B2 (en) | 1993-06-25 |
Family
ID=15871593
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16862987A Granted JPS6413433A (en) | 1987-07-08 | 1987-07-08 | Rod type fixing device and its using method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6413433A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001099760A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-13 | Nkk Corp | Method and device for monitoring soundness of structure |
| FR2806823B1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2002-06-14 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | INSTALLATION WITH PIEZOELECTRIC ELEMENT FOR THE EQUIPMENT OF A STRUCTURE; PIEZOELECTRIC ELEMENT FOR SUCH AN INSTALLATION |
| JP5232061B2 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2013-07-10 | 株式会社東芝 | Valve stem diagnosis device and method for valve device |
| JP6333557B2 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2018-05-30 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method and device for inspecting looseness of fitting part |
| JP6856392B2 (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2021-04-07 | 株式会社東芝 | Deterioration diagnosis method, deterioration diagnosis system and sensor |
| JP2019007735A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-01-17 | ボルトワン株式会社 | Sensor-equipped bolt and bolt abnormality detection system |
| JP6776200B2 (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2020-10-28 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Fastener and repair structure and damage detection method |
| JP7408302B2 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2024-01-05 | 株式会社東芝 | Diagnostic equipment, diagnostic methods and diagnostic systems |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57142539A (en) * | 1981-02-27 | 1982-09-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Detecting method for relaxation of steam turbine casing bolt |
-
1987
- 1987-07-08 JP JP16862987A patent/JPS6413433A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57142539A (en) * | 1981-02-27 | 1982-09-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Detecting method for relaxation of steam turbine casing bolt |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6413433A (en) | 1989-01-18 |
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