JPH0541531B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention automatically detects arch development at a dispensing port due to stored material (such as coal), and automatically collapses the arch based on this detection signal. Regarding improvements to silos.

[Prior art and its problems] In a silo with a built-in cone for storing coal, etc., if the stored coal is left for a long time, the coal will dry out and clump together, blocking the outlet (arching). (phenomenon), it may become impossible to discharge coal from the area.

As a means to solve these problems, a method has been proposed that uses a capacitance change detector to detect the arching phenomenon of granular objects, although the technical field is different from that of the silo. (For example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-4587.) However, with this type of detection means, even if it is possible to detect the arching phenomenon of granules, the detection signal of this arching phenomenon may not cause the arch to collapse. The problem remains that continuous dispensing operation cannot be performed.

As a means to solve such problems,
A method for eliminating clogging of silos has been proposed as shown in Japanese Patent No. 58-125533. In this method, small pulsations in the powder pressure are observed when the coal is being smoothly discharged, and if the discharge is delayed, no pulsations are observed. When this pulsation is no longer observed, the distribution of powder pressure that changes over time is investigated to estimate the location where arching occurs. That is, this phenomenon is displayed on a CRT display, the location of the arch is estimated from the powder pressure distribution, and the arch collapse means suitable for collapsing the arch is driven manually by the operator to collapse the arch. This is how it was done.

Such methods not only have the problem of lacking accuracy because they estimate the location where arches occur, but also have the task of constantly detecting and observing the CRT display because the arch collapse is caused by manual operation by the operator. In particular, there remains the problem that harsh labor is required for tasks such as unloading coal throughout the day and night.

An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure gauge on the inner surface of the hopper part of the silo body or on the lower part of the cone to detect the pressure during the fixation and movement of the stored material, so that it can be directly and , when the static pressure is displayed when the dispensing cycle setting time is exceeded, it automatically detects that a blockage phenomenon (arch phenomenon) without discharging the stored material has occurred, and also locates the location where the blockage phenomenon has occurred. The purpose is to provide a silo in which arch collapse means disposed opposite the pressure gauge is operated in response to this detected pressure signal, automatically eliminating the arch phenomenon, and capable of continuous unloading of stored materials. be.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The structure of the present invention that solves the problems of the prior art is that a cone is disposed at the inner lower part of the silo body, and a cone is formed between the hem of the cone and the hopper part of the silo body. A hopper of the silo main body is configured to discharge stored materials such as coal from a dispensing port via a flow path in which the stored material is discharged by a dispensing means, and a hopper of the silo body corresponding to the flow path where the arching phenomenon (blockage) of stored materials is likely to occur. Arch collapsing means are provided at appropriate intervals around the entire inner surface of the hopper section or the entire outer surface of the lower part of the cone, and on the other hand, the storage material is fixed and moved around the entire outer surface of the lower cone section or the entire inner circumference of the hopper section. In a silo equipped with a pressure gauge for detecting the pressure at a time, the arch collapse means and the corresponding pressure gauge are connected to each other by a means for converting an output signal from the pressure gauge into a current and a voltage, a Schmitt circuit, and a Schmitt circuit. They are connected through circuits that output action signals based on blockage detection output signals from the , the arch collapsing means is configured to operate based on a static pressure signal when the dispensing cycle setting time is exceeded.

[Function] Not only can it automatically detect and record the operation of discharging stored materials such as coal stored in the silo body, but also the pressure gauge display is linear during the operation of discharging stored materials. However, when expressed as static pressure when the dispensing cycle setting time is exceeded,
It is possible to automatically detect that an arch phenomenon occurs in the vicinity of the pressure gauge and that the stored material is not being dispensed, and this detection output signal also prevents the arch located opposite the pressure gauge from collapsing. By activating only the means, the arch phenomenon is automatically eliminated, and continuous dispensing operation of stored items can be performed.

Incidentally, the above-mentioned dispensing cycle setting time refers to the time required for one cycle of dispensing by the dispensing means in a circular silo.

[Example] Next, an example of the detection method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of the silo, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part, showing the electrical connection between the pressure gauge and the arch collapse means, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the main part, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part.
It is a pressure-time characteristic diagram which shows the display of the output signal of the pressure gauge of a figure.

Unlike other liquids, gases, slurries, etc., granular powder such as coal has shear stress even in a static state, has no isotropy in force propagation, and has no linearity in pressure. Taking advantage of the fact that there is a correlation and one-to-one correspondence, the powder pressure is displayed separately as static and dynamic, and the blockage state and dispensing operation state are detected by this display. It is an attempt to do so.

As a detection means, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, pressure gauges 2 are installed at appropriate intervals on the entire inner surface of the hopper portion 1a of the silo body 1 to detect the pressure when the stored items are fixed and moved. The system is set up and the operation for discharging stored items is performed. In addition, the silo main body 1
Arch collapsing means A corresponding to each pressure gauge 2 provided in the hopper portion 1a are provided on the cone portion 3 provided in the hopper portion 1a, respectively, facing each other. The arch collapsing means A and the corresponding pressure gauge are connected to a means for converting the output signal from the pressure gauge 2 into a current to a voltage, a Schmitt circuit, and an action signal is generated by the blockage detection output signal from the Schmitt circuit. They are connected to each other via output circuits.

In the case of normal operation, that is, when the stored material is being discharged and flowing, the output signal of the pressure gauge 2 is as shown in Fig. 4a.
It is displayed on a cathode ray tube or recording paper as a small waveform as shown in . In addition, when this display is displayed directly as shown in Figure 4b, it indicates that an arch phenomenon has occurred in the area including the pressure gauge 2, and this is immediately notified to the operator by the notification means. It can be tightened.

If this static pressure, that is, the linear state continues even after the dispensing cycle set time has elapsed, in detail, the detected pressure at the dispensing operation part of the stored material is direct static pressure, and this state is If it continues even after one cycle dispensing time of the means has elapsed, as shown in FIG. , in response to the output signal, the water pipe 4 provided in the cone 3 opposite to the pressure gauge 2 causes water to flow out, and the air pipe 5
The arch will collapse by blowing out low-pressure air of less than 10 atmospheres. Incidentally, the water pipe line 4 and the air pipe line 5 constitute an arch collapsing means A.

In the above embodiment, the pressure gauge 2 was provided on the inner surface of the hopper portion 1a of the silo body 1, and the arch collapsing means A opposing this was provided on the hem of the cone 3. Similar effects can be obtained by providing the arch collapsing means A on the outer periphery of the hem of the cone 3 and on the inner surface of the hopper portion 1a facing the arch collapsing means A, so the structure is not limited to that of the illustrated embodiment.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

Not only can the dispensing operation in the stored material discharging operation state be automatically detected, but also the pressure gauge reading time during the stored material discharging operation is linear.
However, when the static pressure is expressed when the dispensing cycle setting time is exceeded, an arch occurs near the pressure gauge, and it is possible to automatically detect that dispensing is not being performed. Only the arch collapsing means corresponding to the pressure gauge is actuated by the detected pressure signal, and the arch collapsing work can be automatically performed immediately, improving the efficiency of dispensing stored materials and achieving smooth continuous dispensing operation. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of the silo, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part, showing the electrical connection between the pressure gauge and the arch collapse means, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the main part, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part. The figure is a pressure-time characteristic diagram showing the display of the output signal of the pressure gauge. 1... Silo body, 1a... Hopper part, 2...
...Pressure gauge, 3...Cone, 4...Water pipe, 5...
Air pipe line, A...Arch collapse means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cone is disposed at the inner lower part of the silo body, and stored materials such as coal are discharged from the dispensing port through a flow path formed between the hem of the cone and the hopper part of the silo body. It is configured to dispense the liquid by a dispensing means, and is suitable for the entire inner circumference of the hopper portion of the silo body corresponding to the flow path where arch development (occlusion) of stored material is likely to occur, or the entire outer circumference of the lower cone. An arch collapsing means is provided at each interval, and on the other hand, the entire outer circumference of the lower part of the cone or the inner circumference of the hopper part,
In a silo equipped with a pressure gauge that detects the pressure during the fixation and movement of stored items, the arch collapse means and the corresponding pressure gauge convert the output signal from the pressure gauge into current-voltage. means, a Schmitt circuit, and a circuit that outputs an action signal based on the occlusion detection output signal from the Schmitt circuit, and are connected to each other through a circuit that outputs an action signal in response to a blockage detection output signal from the Schmitt circuit, and detects the absolute value of the pressure during fixation of stored items and movement, and discharges the stored items. A silo characterized in that the arch collapsing means is configured to operate directly during operation and by a static pressure signal when the dispensing cycle setting time is exceeded.