JPH0541431B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a vibration damping and sound insulating sheet. (Prior art) Conventionally, sound insulation materials used for interior or exterior walls of houses or buildings include plywood, gypsum board, or metal plates, vinyl chloride, rubber, or asphalt sound insulation sheets, or sound insulation sheets and glass wool. Sound-absorbing boards laminated with sound-absorbing materials such as , rock wool, etc. are used. (Problem to be Solved by the Invention) Conventional boards have been manufactured by increasing the thickness of the sound insulating material attached to the plywood in order to improve soundproofing properties, increasing the surface density by increasing the specific gravity, and using sound absorbing materials such as glass wool and rock wool. Because it is made of laminated materials, it has the drawbacks of being thick and heavy, making it difficult to work with.It is also good at resisting air-borne noise, so that impact noise or vibrations are not transmitted from the upper or lower floors. However, it had the disadvantage of not being sufficiently soundproof. (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet having excellent vibration-damping, sound-insulating, and sound-absorbing properties. The present invention relates to a closed cell structure having a unit cell volume fixed to a film-like material, a foamed sheet-like material, a sheet-like material, a cloth-like material, or a thread-like material at predetermined intervals on a closed-cell structure-arranged base material sheet. Or, by randomly coordinating closed cell structures, the spaces between the closed cells are liquid at room temperature, and the product after a curing reaction with a curing agent at room temperature retains its shape even when heated to 80℃. This is a vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet characterized by laminating a sound-insulating sheet and/or a sound-absorbing sheet, or a composite material of both sheets, on one side of a sheet base material filled with a crosslinked viscoelastic material and cured. The volume of the above-mentioned unit cell is preferably 0.005 to 10 c.c. At first glance, the present invention includes laminating one or more plate-shaped restraining materials on the other side of the sheet base material. A vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet in which plate-shaped restraining materials are laminated in this manner is sometimes referred to as a vibration-damping and sound-insulating board, and is included in the vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the plate-shaped restraining material may have a sandwich structure with the vibration damping and sound insulating sheet on both sides. Sound insulation sheets used for vibration damping and sound insulation sheets include:
A sheet made of vinyl chloride or synthetic rubber kneaded with a large amount of inorganic filler to increase the specific gravity to 1.5 to 3.0, a sheet of metal such as lead, and a self-adhesive flame retardant as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1983-47537. There are sound insulation sheets, and self-adhesive flame-retardant sound insulation sheets are most preferred. This is 100 to 500 parts of 30 to 300μ metal powder per 100 parts by weight of synthetic rubber.
Parts by weight, tackifier 50~150 parts by weight, flame retardant 10~
This is a flame-retardant and sound-insulating sheet consisting of a sheet containing 100 parts by weight and a penetration of 20 to 200 and a reinforcing base material. The sound absorbing sheet used in the present invention includes glass wool, rock wool, felt, urethane foam, etc., and can be freely selected depending on the purpose. The crosslinked viscoelastic material referred to in the present invention is liquid at room temperature, and after a curing reaction with a curing agent (crosslinking agent) at room temperature, the cured product retains its shape even when heated to 80°C.
The hardness at °C is 50 or less on a type C hardness tester specified by the Japan Rubber Association standard SRIS-0101. Further, a viscoelastic substance that reacts at room temperature can further increase its curing speed by heating, and this property may be utilized to improve production efficiency by heating. Examples of viscoelastic substances that can satisfy these conditions include liquid rubbers having the functional groups shown in Table 1 below, which can be combined with curing agents having the functional groups also shown in Table 1. It can be used as The ease of controlling the curing speed of these viscoelastic materials,
Considering cost, ease of acquisition, etc.
In particular, it has a hydroxyl group at the end and the main chain is polybutadiene, hydrogenated polybutadiene, polybutadiene.
It is desirable to use nitrile, polybutadiene-styrene, isoprene, etc., polyether polyol, polyester polyol, urethane acrylic polyol, aniline derivative polyol, etc. alone or in combination. As the curing agent, an isocyanate-based curing agent is suitable, and it is necessary to have two or more isocyanate groups per molecule. Specific examples thereof include toluylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and prepolymers having terminal isocyanate groups, and these can be used alone or in combination. Additionally, isocyanate curing agents can be used in combination with plasticizers depending on the blending ratio and/or viscosity, but the plasticizer must be dehydrated and must not react with the isocyanate compound. .

【table】

[Table] Crosslinked viscoelasticity that can be used in the present invention can be obtained by reacting a viscoelastic body and a crosslinking agent at room temperature, but from the viewpoint of cost, workability, and physical property improvement, various additives may be added. By adding , a wide range of stable crosslinked viscoelastic bodies can be obtained. Additives include plasticizers, fillers, bituminous substances, tackifying resins, anti-aging agents, anti-mold agents, flame retardants, catalysts,
There are surfactants, coupling agents, etc. The plasticizer is blended for the purpose of adjusting viscosity, adjusting workability, adjusting the physical properties of the crosslinked viscoelastic body, imparting flame retardance, etc. Specific examples of plasticizers include naphthenic oil, paraffinic oil, aromatic oil, castor oil,
Cottonseed oil, pine oil, tall oil, phthalic acid derivatives, isophthalic acid derivatives, adipic acid derivatives, maleic acid derivatives, liquid rubbers containing no functional groups, and the like can be used alone or in combination. When flame retardancy is required, halogen compound-based or phosphorus compound-based plasticizers can be used alone or in combination. Bituminous materials include straight asphalt, blown asphalt, tar, etc., and in order to obtain a desired crosslinked viscoelastic body, they can be used after being modified with a tackifying resin, a plasticizer, etc. in advance. Tackifying resins include natural resins, rosins, modified rosins, derivatives of rosins and modified rosins, polyterpene resins, modified terpenes, aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, cyclopentadiene resins, aromatic petroleum resins, phenolic resins, Alkylphenol - acetylene resin, xylene resin, coumaron -
Indene resin, vinyltoluene-α-methylstyrene copolymer, etc. can be used alone or in combination. Fillers are effective in improving vibration damping properties, sound insulation, and flame retardancy, and can be used to adjust the blending ratio of viscoelastic body/curing agent.
It can be used for the purpose of adjusting viscosity and reducing compounding costs, and those commonly used in rubber and paint-related fields can be used. Specific examples include inorganic powders such as mica, graphite, vermiculite, talc, and clay, ferrite, metal powders, barium sulfate, high-density fillers such as lithopone, calcium carbonate, finely divided silica, carbon, magnesium carbonate, and water. General-purpose fillers such as aluminum oxide and asbestos can be used alone or in combination. Antimony trioxide, borax, etc. can also be added for the purpose of flame retardation. As other additives, anti-aging agents, catalysts, pigments, surfactants, coupling agents, antifungal agents, etc. can be added as necessary. Next, the closed cell structure provided base material will be explained. The closed cell structure-equipped base material sheet is made by forming a closed cell structure with a unit cell volume of 0.005 to 10 c.c. into a film, a thread, a sheet foam, a plate, or a sheet.
It is preferable that a large number of them be fixed at regular or irregular intervals, and specific examples thereof are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
A pressure-sensitive adhesive or an adhesive can be used for fixing, but it can also be fixed by utilizing the adhesive force when forming a film-like material and/or closed cell. The material for the bag portion of the closed-cell structure may be polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, nylon, polyester, butyl rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene, etc. alone, in combination, or in a layered manner. It is also possible to laminate non-woven fabric or paper onto these materials.
The thickness of the bag part is preferably 6 mm or less, especially 2 to 2 mm.
4 mm is preferred. The unit cells of the closed cell structure may have a fixed volume and have a regular configuration (see Figure 8) or an irregular configuration (see Figure 9), and the volume of the unit cell is preferably 0.005 to 10 c.c. . The shape of the convex portion of the closed cell structure may be cylindrical, prismatic, spherical, hemispherical, elliptical, etc., as long as a closed cell structure is formed. When the crosslinked viscoelastic body is filled between the closed cells of the closed cell structure-arranged base material, the ratio of the volume of the crosslinked viscoelastic body to the air volume of the closed cell structure is 2:8 to 8:
2 is desirable. Volume of crosslinked viscoelastic body:
If the volume of the crosslinked viscoelastic body is smaller than the air volume of the closed cell structure = 2:8, the cost of raw materials will increase and the shape recovery properties will also deteriorate. Examples of restraining materials used for vibration damping and soundproofing boards include plywood with a thickness of 0.5 to 20 mm, compressed paper, plastic boards, metal foil boards, particle boards, wood cement boards, fiber boards, pulp cement boards,
There are wood wool cement boards, flexible boards, soft flexible boards, large flat boards, asbestos cement boards, perlite boards, asbestos cement calcium silicate boards, gypsum boards, etc. All of these are board-shaped, with or without surface decoration and processing. Although it can be used regardless of the thickness, from the viewpoint of reducing the total thickness of the vibration damping and sound insulating board, a thin board is preferable. In order to improve soundproofing properties, the aperture ratio of the restraining material should be 3 to 40%, and the area of each hole should be 0.003 to 40%.
Preferably a perforated plate of 3.5 cm ² . In one example of the present invention, a net-like body having a unit opening diameter of 0.1 to 200 mm is disposed between the perforated plate and the sheet base material. The material of the net is a natural or synthetic fiber base material such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, vinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, nylon, polyester, glass fiber, vinylon, rock wool, cotton, linen, etc., and the warp A material in which the weft and weft threads are heat-sealed or bonded together with an adhesive, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, etc. are used. (Function) Although the vibration damping and sound insulating sheet of the present invention is lightweight, it has excellent sound insulating performance because the closed cell structure can significantly reduce the transmission of solid vibrations on the surface to which it is attached. Furthermore, the use of cross-linked viscoelastic material provides excellent vibration damping and compression properties. In addition, by using a self-adhesive flame-retardant sound insulation sheet that has excellent flexibility and adhesiveness and a thickness of 1 mm or less as a sound insulation sheet, it has excellent application workability and dimensional stability, and is a high specific gravity sheet. However, it has excellent soundproofing properties and can be made thinner, and the weight of the vibration damping and soundproofing sheet can be reduced. A vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet made of laminated plate-shaped restraining materials is lighter and thinner than conventional sound-insulating boards, and has superior vibration-damping and sound-proofing performance. As a restraining material for plate-shaped bodies, aperture ratio of 3 to 40% and plate thickness
When a perforated plate with a diameter of 0.5 to 20 mm and a unit hole area of 0.003 to 3.5 cm ² is used as a restraining material, it is possible to improve the low-mid frequency range. Further, by inserting a net-like material with holes having a diameter of 0.1 to 20 mm between the perforated plate and the sheet base material, it is possible to further reduce sound at low and mid-range frequencies. (Example) Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Example 1 The base resin and curing agent were mixed according to the composition shown in Table 2, and a closed cell structure was formed. The space in the base material was filled and cured at room temperature. Unit bubble volume is 0.3cc
It was hot. The volume ratio of the crosslinked viscoelastic body to the closed cell structure was 5:5. Hardness, shape retention at 80°C, and room temperature reactivity were tested using the methods described below. (1) Hardness: After mixing the main agent and hardening agent, pour into a mold release-treated 12mm x 50mm x 50mm mold, allow to react at room temperature, and cure for 7 days at room temperature and 7 days at 50°C. Hardness was measured using a C-type hardness meter specified in the Japan Rubber Association standard SRIS-0101. (2) Shape retention at 80℃: Demold the sample obtained by the method shown in (1), apply release paper to the top and bottom surfaces, apply a load of 50g, leave it at 80℃ for 24 hours, and then unload. The specimens were then allowed to stand at room temperature, and the deformation was visually determined after 4 hours. Those with sharp edges and almost no deformation were marked with an ○, and those with no sharp edges or large deformations were marked with an x. (3) Room temperature reactivity: A liquid mixture of the base resin and curing agent is
It was placed in a 100 c.c. cup and allowed to stand at room temperature, and after 1 day, the entire cup had gelled or hardened, which was marked with an ○, and the others were marked with an x.

[Table] As is clear from Table 2, the vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheets of Examples 1 and 2 were able to achieve the object of the present invention, but the vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet of Comparative Example 1 did not have sufficient sound insulation performance. A sound-insulating sheet and/or a sound-absorbing sheet, or a composite material of both, was laminated on one side of the sheet base material thus obtained to obtain a vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet. Examples 3 to 4 The same crosslinked viscoelastic body as in Examples 1 and 2 was used, the volume of the unit cell was 3 c.c., and the volume ratio of the crosslinked viscoelastic body to the closed cell structure was 4:6. A sheet base material was manufactured using the closed cell structure-equipped base material, and a vibration damping and soundproofing sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2. Usage Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 The vibration damping and soundproofing sheets of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were
As shown in Table 3 below, it was attached to a 150 mm thick ordinary concrete wall to test its sound insulation and vibration damping properties. Sound insulation performance was measured using the equipment shown in Figure 10.
Measured based on JISA1416. The results were also as shown in Table 3.

[Table] In Example 1, three layers were used as a restraining material on one side of the sheet base material.
Paste mm plywood E and sound insulation sheet C on the other side.
This is an example of a vibration-damping and sound-insulating board made by laminating sound-absorbing sheet D (12.0 mm thick glass wool) attached to 150 mm thick ordinary concrete, which not only prevents solid vibration from the wall but also suppresses low frequency We were able to prevent sound insulation defects due to resonance transmission occurring in the area. Example 2 is a case in which a gypsum board having a perforated portion with a unit hole area of 0.28 cm ² and an aperture ratio of 6.0% is used as a restraining material, and the other configurations are the same as in Example 1. The damping performance was the same as in Example 1, and the sound insulation performance was further able to prevent low frequencies. In Example 3, in addition to the configuration used in Example 2, a mesh body with a unit mesh opening diameter of 2 mm was inserted between the perforated plate and the sheet base material, and the sound insulation performance was further improved. was completed. Comparative Example 1 is a case where the sheet base material according to the present invention is not provided, and the resonance transmission and resonance transmission of sound around the 250 Hz band are
This is an example of the bond construction method (GL construction method) that caused sound insulation defects due to the coincidence effect around the 2KHz band. As described above, since the sheet base material of the present invention has a closed cell structure with cross-linked viscoelastic material, it has a high vibration damping effect against vibrations in the low frequency range of 50 to 500 Hz.
It is possible to prevent the propagation of vibrations from downstairs, improve the transmission defects that were a drawback of the bond construction method, stabilize the sound performance during construction, and reduce costs, making it economical. is also excellent. (Effects of the Invention) The vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet of the present invention has excellent vibration-damping and sound-insulating properties, which makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the wall and also to reduce the weight of the structure. The number of parts can be reduced during manufacturing, and
Costs during transportation or construction can be reduced. The vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet of the present invention can be used as a vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet with excellent vibration-damping, sound-insulating, and sound-insulating properties, and is extremely useful as interior wall materials, exterior wall materials, floor materials, and ceiling materials for civil engineering and construction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 7 show examples of the present invention, respectively. Figure 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a vibration damping and sound insulating sheet in which a sheet base material and a sound insulating sheet are laminated, and Figure 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a sheet base material and a sound insulation sheet. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a vibration-suppressing and sound-insulating sheet in which a sound-insulating sheet and a sound-absorbing sheet are laminated on a sheet base material; Figure 4 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a vibration-damping and sound-insulating board in which a plate-shaped restraining material is laminated on the other side of the vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is the other side of the vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet in Figure 3. Figure 6 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a vibration damping and sound insulating board in which a perforated board is laminated on the surface of the board, and a mesh body is inserted between the perforated board and the sheet base material of the vibration damping and sound insulating board in Figure 5. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet, and Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a vibration-damping and sound-insulating board in which the vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet shown in Fig. 3 is made into a sandwich structure using plate-shaped restraining materials. Figures 9 to 9 are diagrammatic perspective views of the sheet base material according to the present invention, Figure 10 is a block diagram of the apparatus used to measure sound insulation performance, and Figures 11 to 13.
14 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of use of the vibration damping and sound insulating sheet of the present invention, FIG. 14 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view showing a comparative usage example of a vibration damping and sound insulating sheet other than the invention,
Figure 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the octave band center frequency and the average sound pressure level difference, and Figure 16 is the interaction with the crosslinked viscoelastic material filled between the unit cell structures coordinated on the base sheet. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Sheet base material, 2... Sound insulating sheet, 3... Sound absorbing sheet, 4... Plate-shaped restraining material, 5... Perforated plate, 6... Reticular body, 7... Closed cell structure, 8... Crosslinked viscoelastic body, 9
...Precision sound level meter, 10...1/3 octave analyzer, 1
1...High-speed recorder, 12...Sound source room, 13...Sound receiving room, 14...Sound source side microphone, 15...Sound receiving side microphone,
16...Speaker, 17...Noise field generator, A...3mm thick plywood restraint plate, B...4.0
mm thick sheet base material, C...sound insulation sheet, D...12.0mm
Thick glass wool, E...perforated plate, F...reticular body, G
...150mm thick ordinary concrete wall, H...GL bond, I...plaster board.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A closed-cell structure-equipped base sheet in which a closed-cell structure with a unit cell volume is fixed to a film-like material, a foamed sheet-like material, a sheet-like material, a cloth-like material, or a thread-like material has a predetermined structure. Closed cell structures are arranged at intervals or randomly, and the spaces between the closed cells are filled with a material that is liquid at room temperature and that is produced after a curing reaction with a curing agent at room temperature and is heated to 80°C. A vibration-damping and sound-insulating device characterized by laminating a sound-insulating sheet and/or a sound-absorbing sheet, or a composite material of both sheets, on one side of a sheet base material filled with a cross-linked viscoelastic material that retains its shape even when the material is hardened. sheet. 2. The vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet according to claim 1, wherein the sound-insulating sheet is a self-adhesive flame-retardant sound-insulating sheet having a thickness of 1 mm or less and comprising a sheet with a penetration degree of 20 to 200 and a reinforcing base material. 3. The vibration damping and sound insulating sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more plate-shaped restraining materials are laminated on the other surface of the sheet base material. 4 Opening ratio 3-40%, plate thickness as a plate-shaped restraining material
The vibration damping and sound insulating sheet according to claim 3, using a perforated plate having a diameter of 0.5 to 20 mm and a unit hole area of 0.003 to 3.5 cm ² . 5 Diameter 0.1 to 20 mm between perforated plate and sheet base material
5. The vibration-damping and sound-insulating sheet according to claim 4, further comprising a net-like body. 6. Claim 1, wherein the unit cell volume is 0.005 to 10 c.c.
The vibration damping and soundproofing sheet listed. 7 The crosslinked viscoelastic body is liquid at room temperature, and the product formed after a curing reaction with a curing agent at room temperature retains its shape even when heated to 80°C, and has a hardness at 20°C that meets the Japan Rubber Association standard SRIS- The vibration damping and sound insulating sheet according to claim 1, which has a hardness of 50 or less on a C-type hardness tester defined in 0101. 8. The vibration damping and sound insulating sheet according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the volume of the crosslinked viscoelastic body to the air volume of the closed cell structure is 2:8 to 8:2.