JPH0540A - Insecticidal and fungicidal process with ultrasonic pump - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the insecticidal and fungicidal treatment of a wide space such as home and restaurant in high efficiency by dissolving insecticide, etc., in an organic solvent and atomizing the obtained pesticide solution with an ultrasonic pump to dissipate the pesticide in air. CONSTITUTION:A pesticide solution is produced e.g. by dissolving an insecticide and/or a fungicide such as allethrin [3-allyl-methylcyclopenta-2-en-4-on-1-yl d1-cis/ trans-chrysanthemate] in an organic solvent having a viscosity of 0.1-10 cp (at 20 deg.C) and a boiling point of 50-330 deg.C (e.g. methanol or hexane). The solution is atomized and dissipated in air with an ultrasonic pump to effect the insecticidal or fungicidal treatment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an insecticidal / sterilizing method using an ultrasonic pump. More specifically, pesticides and /
Or it is a method of generating a pump function by applying ultrasonic energy to a chemical solution containing a bactericidal agent, sucking it up, atomizing it, and scattering it in the air to kill insects and sterilize it. It is also used for insecticide / sterilization in cafeterias and factories, and in greenhouses and greenhouses in the field of agriculture and horticulture. The method of the present invention can be used not only in a narrow space where a small amount of chemicals can be used for insecticidal / sterilization, but also in a large area where a large amount of chemicals needs to be treated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional insecticidal / sterilizing method,
Emulsions, oils, wettable powders, etc. that are sprayed by hand or using an electric sprayer, pesticides and sterilizers by heat such as smoke agents, mosquito coils, electric mosquito catchers for mats, and electric mosquito catchers for liquids. Widely used for insecticide and sterilization in vinyl greenhouses in the fields of agriculture and horticulture, as well as a method for heat vaporization to volatilize the agent into the air, a method for spraying insecticides and germicides using a spray gas such as an aerosol agent. There are smoke method and ULV method. In addition, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-
Insecticide by ultrasonic oscillator seen in 61388 publication
Sterilization methods and the like are known.

[0003]

However, it is difficult for the spraying method using a sprayer of the prior art to uniformly spray the drug in a wide range, and the heat volatilization method or the spray method uniformly supplies the drug to a large room. Has to be repeatedly processed, which is not efficient and economical. Also, in the method using an ultrasonic oscillator, since it is volatilization from the liquid surface, the drug concentration changes between when the drug is first sprayed and after it has been atomized for a long time, and the drug concentration gradually increases to a certain level. There is a problem that is difficult. Also, atomization by a conventional ultrasonic oscillator is a mechanism in which ultrasonic energy works on the surface, the drug solution is atomized from there, and the drug volatilizes, so some drug liquid remains and the drug liquid is completely volatilized. There was also the problem that it could not be done. further,
The atomization by the conventional ultrasonic oscillator has a problem that the ultrasonic energy is not used efficiently and the liquid temperature rises.

Further, a technique relating to an ultrasonic pump has been reported in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-167098 and the like, but no report has actually been made to apply it to atomization and volatilization of insecticide / bactericide. However, in the method of atomizing and volatilizing as described above, in general, the concentration of the chemical solution cannot be kept constant,
There are problems that the chemical solution is not volatilized until the end, the ultrasonic wave generation circuit becomes hot and its function stops, and the temperature of the chemical solution rises as the temperature of the device rises, which adversely affects the active ingredient. The same problem is pointed out as a problem when using an ultrasonic pump.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies to solve the above problems. As a result, they have found a method for obtaining an effective atomized state by utilizing an ultrasonic pump, and completed the present invention. That is, in order to obtain an effective atomization state, the present inventors exert various influences on the liquid property from the viewpoints of suction, atomization, and diffusion (spout height) which are the basic functions of the ultrasonic pump. The physicochemical properties of the liquid agent system, ie, boiling point, melting point, viscosity, refractive index, molecular weight, molecular structure, intermolecular attractive force, and various other conditions were investigated. As a result, it was found that the viscosity and boiling point of the solvent system play a major role in the function of the ultrasonic pump in order to obtain an effective atomization state.

That is, the gist of the present invention is to perform insecticidal or sterilization by atomizing a chemical solution obtained by dissolving an insecticide and / or a bactericide in an organic solvent using an ultrasonic pump and volatilizing it into the air. And an organic solvent having a viscosity of 0.1 to 10 cp (20 ° C.) and a boiling point of 50 to 50.
Those having a characteristic of 330 ° C.

In the method of the present invention, organic solvents capable of dissolving insecticides and fungicides are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The organic solvent has a viscosity of 0.1-10 cp (20 ° C.), and An organic solvent having a boiling point of 50 to 330 ° C. (760 mmHg) is preferably used. For example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, hexanol, lower alcohols such as heptanol, hexane, octane, nonane, decane, dodecane, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as kerosene, butyl formate, esters such as ethyl acetate, xylol, toluene, Examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and ethylbenzene, ketones such as acetone, ethers such as diisopropyl ether, and organic acids such as formic acid. In particular, xylol, kerosene, dodecane, decane, ethanol, etc. have good diffusion (spray height), and when performing insecticidal / sterilization treatment in a wide area, the atomized drug spreads efficiently and effectively. Insecticide
Can be sterilized. The spray height is the height (cm) of the atomized liquid that is being sprayed from the tip of the nozzle of the ultrasonic pump. When at least one of the viscosity and the boiling point of the organic solvent is out of the above range, the atomization amount is remarkably small or the atomization is not achieved at all, which is not preferable.

[0008]

[Table 1]

[0009]

[Table 2]

The insecticides and fungicides effectively volatilized by the method of the present invention include allethrin [3-allyl-2-methylcyclopent-2-en-4-one-1-yl d.
1-cis / trans-chrysanthemate], phthalthrin [(1,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1,3-dioxo-
2-isoindolyl) methyl], resmethrin [5-benzyl-3-furylmethyl-dl-cis / trans-chrysanthemate], flamethrin [5-propargyl-3]
-Furylmethyl-chrysanthemate], Praresulin [2-methyl-4-oxo-3- (2-propynyl) cyclopent-2-enyl-chrysanthemate], Permethrin [3-phenoxybenzyl-2,2-dimethyl-
3- (2 ′, 2′-dichloro) vinyl-cyclopropanecarboxylate], benfluthrin [(+) 1R-trans-2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2 , 3, 5, 6,
-Tetrafluorobenzyl], pyrentroid insecticides such as enpentrin [1-ethynyl-2-methyl-2-pentenyl cis / trans-chrysanthemate], fenitrothion [O, O-dimethyl-O- (3-methyl-4] -Nitrophenyl) thionophosphate], siaphos [O, O-dimethyl-O- (4-cyanophenyl)]
Phosphorothioate], diazinone [O, O-dimethyl-O-2-isopropyl-4-methyl-pyrimidyl- (6) -thionophosphate], dichlorobos [O, O-dimethyl-O-2,2 -Dichlorovinyl phosphate], organophosphorus insecticides such as DDVP, Sanplus [3-bromo-2,3-iodo-2-propenyl ethyl carbonate], PCMX [parachlorometaxylenol], IBP [O, O -Diisopropyl-S
-Benzylthiophosphate], EDDP [O-ethyl-S, S-diphenyldithiophosphate], IF
-1000 [4-chlorophenyl-3'-iodopropargyl formal] and other organic fungicides.

One or more of these insecticides and / or bactericides are dissolved in the above-mentioned various organic solvents, which are atomized by an ultrasonic pump to be volatilized. The concentrations of the insecticide and the bactericide are also influenced by the boiling point of the organic solvent in which they are dissolved, and the desired atomization is usually obtained at 0.1% to 80% (w / w). As shown in Table 3, when it exceeds 80% (w / w), the atomization amount begins to decrease, and when it reaches 90% (w / w), the atomization amount is halved, and when it is higher than this, it is almost atomized. It disappears and is not atomized at 100% (w / w).
Thus, in the method of the present invention, the drug concentration is 80%.
Even if it is high, it is possible to effectively volatilize the drug, and it is significantly different from the conventional spraying method or the spraying method such as evaporation which is at most about 10%. is there.

[0012]

[Table 3]

In order to further increase the atomization efficiency, it is effective to add a surfactant. Among various surfactants, polyoxyalkylene glycol monoether-based surfactants such as polyoxyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, polyoxypropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and poly (oxyethylene, oxypropylene) are used as surfactants having a high defoaming effect. ) Glycol monomethyl ether is effective. By using this surfactant, bubbles in the organic solvent generated by ultrasonic waves can be suppressed, the flow of bubbles into the nozzle of the ultrasonic pump can be suppressed, and the chemical solution can be effectively sprayed. The concentration of these surfactants having an antifoaming effect is effective by adding 0.01% to 0.5% (w / w), and preferably 0.1 to 0.3% (w / w).
w). If the concentration of the surfactant is less than 0.01%, a sufficient defoaming effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.5%, the atomization amount tends to decrease, which is not preferable.

The ultrasonic pump used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited in its mechanism, and any type of ultrasonic pump can be used. For example, one utilizing ultrasonic vibration of a piezoelectric element (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-167098, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-470).
The ultrasonic pumps described in Japanese Patent No. 63, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-47064, etc. are known. In the present invention, any of them may be used, but it is preferable that the ultrasonic vibration of the piezoelectric element is adjusted so that the atomization of the organic solvent (for example, kerosene) is optimal. FIG. 1 shows an example of an atomizing mechanism of an ultrasonic pump as an example. The type using an ultrasonic transducer as shown in FIG. 1 is composed of a piezoelectric element, a liquid suction port, a spray cylinder and a circuit mechanism. The principle of the atomization mechanism is to apply an alternating voltage to the piezoelectric element, resonate the natural frequency of the piezoelectric element and the transducer, expand and transmit the power to the tip of the transducer, and atomize ultrasonic waves. Is. In the use of ultrasonic waves in the present invention, the lower end of the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic pump is attached to the chemical liquid, and ultrasonic waves are generated by passing a direct current to suck and atomize the chemical liquid. The installation location of this atomizer is not particularly limited, such as floors and walls, and when it is desired to atomize over a wide area, the agent is volatilized by increasing the diffusion ability with a fan. In this way, when the ultrasonic pump is used in the present invention, it is possible to efficiently spray a drug having an appropriate concentration suitable for the application site in a very short time, and thus no artificial spraying means is required.
Therefore, it can be said that the method is highly useful in terms of labor saving and safety, unlike the conventional method.

In order to improve atomization efficiency when using the ultrasonic pump, from the viewpoint of suppressing the inflow of air bubbles into the nozzle portion of the ultrasonic pump, as shown in Test Example 1 to be described later, It is better to use the nozzle with an inclination.

Further, as shown in Test Example 2 which will be described later, the distance from the liquid surface where the nozzle of the ultrasonic pump is set affects the diffusion (spout height), and it is preferable to set the nozzle as close to the liquid surface as possible. Good (spout height), 2 from the liquid surface
If the distance is 0 mm or more, the atomization efficiency becomes extremely poor.

In order to effectively atomize, it is possible to obtain an effective atomized state by satisfying various factors. However, when evaluating the insecticidal / bactericidal effect, not only the amount of volatilization but also the particle size of the insecticidal / bactericidal agent volatilized into the air is an important factor. In the method of the present invention,
As shown in Test Examples 3 and 4 described below, a cylinder (usually 3 to 7 cm in diameter and 5 to 15 cm in length) is installed so that the particles atomized by the atomizer of the ultrasonic pump are sprayed upward, Furthermore, by attaching a cap (usually 1 cm to 2 cm in diameter) on the cylinder, it is possible to easily adjust the desired particle size, for example, by reducing the injection port to cut large particles. In the method of the present invention, the insecticidal / bactericidal effect can be efficiently exhibited by making the particle size suitable for insecticidal / bactericidal treatment fine to usually 0.5 to 5 μm.

Further, the viscosity of the chemical liquid also affects the particle size and the amount of the volatilized particles, and the chemical liquid has a viscosity of 0.1 to 10.
It is preferably prepared by dissolving in an organic solvent having a characteristic of 10 cp (20 ° C.) and a boiling point of 50 to 330 ° C. As described above, the drug concentration can be volatilized up to about 90% (w / w), but considering the particle size and the atomization amount, it is usually optimal up to about 70% (w / w).

[0019]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Example 1 (Insecticidal efficacy test 1) In a room having a volume of 80 m ³ (about 20 tatami mats), the four corners of the room were separated from the wall by 30 cm toward the center (A,
B, C, D) and a central E are equipped with waist-high petri dishes containing 20 German cockroaches (female adults), and a chemical solution (10 parts fenitrothion as an insecticide, 5 parts polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether as a surfactant and an organic solvent). (100 parts of chemical solution consisting of 85 parts of xylol)
Was atomized with an ultrasonic pump at 10 g / 1 min for 15 minutes to evaporate fine particles, and KT ₅₀ was tested. After further exposure for 3 hours, it was transferred to a constant temperature chamber at 25 ° C., and the mortality rate after 24 hours was calculated. As a result, the KT ₅₀ of A, B, C, D, and E were 14 minutes, 13 minutes, 15 minutes, 13 minutes, and 12 minutes, respectively, and the average was 13 minutes. The mortality rate after 24 hours was 100%. The ultrasonic pump used has the structure shown in FIG. 1 that utilizes the ultrasonic vibration of the piezoelectric element (the same applies to the following examples and test examples).

Example 2 (Insecticidal test 2) The same as Example 1 except that the drug solution in Example 1 was replaced with 100 parts of a solution consisting of 30 parts of fenitrothion, 12 parts of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether and 58 parts of xylol. Then, the KT ₅₀ and the mortality rate after 24 hours were calculated. As a result, the KT ₅₀ of A, B, C, D, and E were 10 minutes, 9 minutes, 9 minutes, 10 minutes, and 8 minutes, respectively, and the average was 9 minutes. The mortality rate after 24 hours is 100%.
Met.

Example 3 (Insecticidal efficacy test 3) The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that the drug solution in Example 1 was replaced with 100 parts of the drug solution consisting of 50 parts of fenitrothion, 18 parts of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether and 32 parts of xylol. , KT ₅₀ and mortality after 24 hours were determined. As a result, the KT _{50 of} A, B, C, D, and E were 14 minutes, 15 minutes, 14 minutes, 16 minutes, and 13 minutes, respectively, and the average was 14 minutes. The mortality rate after 24 hours was 100%.

Example 4 (Pesticidal efficacy test 4) In Example 1, the drug solution was replaced by 1 part of permethrin and 9 of kerosene.
The KT ₅₀ and the mortality rate after 24 hours were determined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts of the chemical solution consisting of 9 parts was used.
As a result, the KT ₅₀ of A, B, C, D and E is 4 respectively.
Minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 3 minutes, 2 minutes, with an average of 3 minutes. The mortality rate after 24 hours was 100%.

[0023] 1 part permethrin chemical in Example 5 (Insecticidal Efficacy Test 5) Example 1, except for replacing 100 parts of chemical consisting Sampras 2 parts of kerosene 97 parts was made in the same manner as in Example 1, KT ₅₀ and The mortality rate after 24 hours was calculated. As a result, KT of A, B, C, D, E
₅₀ was 3 minutes, 3 minutes, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 4 minutes, respectively, with an average of 3 minutes. The mortality rate after 24 hours is 100
%Met.

Example 6 (Insecticidal efficacy test 6) A potted rose in which an aphid was generated was placed in an 8 m × 10 m mountain type vinyl house at positions A to I as shown in FIG. The ultrasonic pump atomizer in the present invention was set. Then, it was sprayed at 10 g / min for 3 minutes, and the number of aphids inhabited before and after the treatment was tested. As a result, from the position of A, the number of aphids before the treatment was 153, but after the treatment, the number of aphids was 7, and similarly from B, 1
63 to 9 animals, C to 201 to 11 animals, D
From 143 to 8 and from E from 161 to 12
165 to 11 from F, 133 from G
The number of animals increased from 7 to H, from 161 to 5 from H, and from 183 to 6 from I, which was not observed in the insecticidal effect in the greenhouse.

Test Example 1 1 g of allethrin was dissolved in 99 g of kerosene and atomized, and the amount of atomization was measured. In that case, the atomization amount was compared when the nozzle of the ultrasonic pump was installed vertically to the liquid surface and when it was inclined. In each case, the tip of the nozzle for absorbing liquid was set at a position 5 mm from the liquid surface. As a result, the amount of atomization when installed vertically is 7 g / min, and when tilted 30 degrees from the vertical,
It was 10 g / min and 12 g / min when tilted at 45 degrees from the vertical. From the results of this test, by tilting the nozzle of the ultrasonic pump, it is possible to reduce the probability that bubbles generated by ultrasonic waves in the organic solvent enter the nozzle, and even if it does enter the nozzle, It has been found that there is an effect that bubbles collide with the side surface and disappear, and effective atomization is possible.

Test Example 2 1 g of allethrin was dissolved in 99 g of kerosene and atomized with an ultrasonic pump to measure the state of volatilization. In the test, the tip of the nozzle of the ultrasonic pump was set at various distances from the liquid surface, and the state of volatilization was evaluated by the spray height. as a result,
When the nozzle is installed 5 mm above the liquid surface, the spray height is 45 cm, and when it is 10 mm above the liquid surface, the spray height is 36 c.
When the m height was 15 mm from the liquid surface, the spray height was 24 cm, and when the liquid height was 20 mm, the spray height was 10 cm. From the results of this test, it was found that the nearer the installation position of the nozzle of the ultrasonic pump to the upper surface of the liquid, the more effectively atomized and vaporized.

Test Example 3 1 g of allethrin was dissolved in 99 g of kerosene to obtain 80 m ³ (about 2
An ultrasonic pump atomizer is installed in the center of the room (0 tatami mat), and its four corners (A, B, C, D) and the central part E where the atomizer is installed
A Teflon-treated preparation was placed in the column, and its particle size was measured with a microscope. The atomizer was provided with a cylinder having a diameter of 5 cm and a length of 10 cm so that atomized particles could be sprayed upward. As a result, in A to D, many particles of 20 μ or less, especially 2 μ or less were captured. For E, 50μ
Particles of about 100μ were also seen.

Test Example 4 A test was conducted with the same settings as in Test Example 3. However, in this test, a cap (caliber 1) was used to cut large particles on a 5 cm × 10 cm cylinder attached to an ultrasonic pump atomizer.
cm) was set and the nozzle was made smaller. In addition, a small fan was set in order to improve the dispersion of particles. As a result, in A to D, particles of 20 μ or less are mainly used,
The following are many, and in E, particles of 20 μ or less are mainly
No particles above μ were found.

Test Example 5 As a chemical solution, 1 g of allethrin was dissolved in 99 g of kerosene, and the same ultrasonic pump as used in Example 1 was used to measure the change in atomization amount due to the temperature change of the liquid to be atomized. Tested. As a result, the liquid temperature of 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃,
The amount of atomization was 13.
8 g / min, 13.9 g / min, 14.3 g / min, 14.5
g / min, 14.6 g / min, and 14.8 g / min, and the change in atomization amount due to temperature change was practically negligible.

Test Example 6 Sumithion / DDVP oil (fenitrothion 0.5%
(W / W), DDVP 0.3% (W / W)) or Sumithion emulsion (fenitrothion 50% (W / W)), 120 g each of the same ultrasonic pump fog as used in Example 1. It was set in the atomizer and the concentration of the active ingredient and the liquid temperature were measured at the start of atomization and when 100 g was atomized. All the measurements were performed on the drug solution in the ultrasonic pump atomizer.
As a result, in the test using Sumithion / DDVP oil, the concentration of fenitrothion was 0.501 immediately after the start of atomization.
% (W / W), 0.500% (W / W after 100g atomization
W), and the concentration of DDVP is 0.302% (W
/ W) to 0.301% (W / W), showing no change in drug concentration. The liquid temperature was 15 ° C. immediately after the start of atomization and after 100 g of atomization, and no change was observed. In addition, in the test using the smithion emulsion, the concentration of fenitrothion was 5 immediately after the start of atomization.
2.6% (W / W), 52.5% after 100g atomization
(W / W), the drug concentration did not change, and the liquid temperature did not change at 17 ° C. From these results, it was determined that when the method of the present invention was used, atomization was performed at a constant temperature and at a constant amount from the start to the end of volatilization.

[0031]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By using the ultrasonic pump of the present invention to volatilize an insecticide or a bactericide, it is possible to volatilize a high concentration drug as compared with a conventional spraying method or a spraying method using evaporation. It enables insecticide and sterilization treatment in a wide area. Furthermore, since it does not require any artificial spraying means, it is a very effective method from the viewpoint of labor saving and safety. The same effect can be seen in the atomization method using an ultrasonic oscillator, but in that case, there remain problems such as the rise in liquid temperature, difficulty in volatilizing a certain concentration, and the fact that the chemical liquid is not completely atomized. It had been. On the other hand, the method of the present invention completely solves these problems.

Further, by setting a cylinder or a cap in the atomizer, the atomized drug is made into fine particles,
It is also possible to make particles of 0.5 to 5 μ, which are suitable for insecticidal / sterilization. This enables efficient insecticidal / sterilization treatment. Further, the method of the present invention is notable for heating, and is also characterized in that it can be atomized and volatilized at room temperature with low output energy. Furthermore, this ultrasonic pump can spray not only insecticides and bactericides but also repellents, attractants, fragrances, deodorants, insect growth inhibitors, etc., which are soluble in organic solvents, alone or in combination. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an atomizing mechanism of an ultrasonic pump, which is also an ultrasonic pump used in Examples and Test Examples.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing positions where potted roses are installed in Example 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Ultrasonic transducer 2 O-ring 3 Piezoelectric element 4 electrodes 5 Piezoelectric element lock nut 6 liquid filling tank 7 filters 8 Transducer stator

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An ultrasonic wave characterized by performing insecticide or sterilization by atomizing a chemical solution obtained by dissolving an insecticide and / or a bactericidal agent in an organic solvent using an ultrasonic pump and vaporizing the solution into the air. Insect sterilization method using a pump. 2. The organic solvent according to claim 1 has a viscosity of 0.1.
-10 cp (20 ° C) and boiling point 50-330 ° C
The insecticidal / sterilizing method according to claim 1, which has the characteristics of