JPH0540501Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0540501Y2 JPH0540501Y2 JP14249988U JP14249988U JPH0540501Y2 JP H0540501 Y2 JPH0540501 Y2 JP H0540501Y2 JP 14249988 U JP14249988 U JP 14249988U JP 14249988 U JP14249988 U JP 14249988U JP H0540501 Y2 JPH0540501 Y2 JP H0540501Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transparent
- liquid crystal
- light control
- control material
- crystal layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 glycidyl ester Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004845 glycidylamine epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本考案は、光学的性質に差異を生じさせてブラ
インド、天窓や窓などの採光材、デイスプレイ、
間仕切り等に使用される調光材に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial field of application] This invention creates a difference in optical properties and can be used for lighting materials such as blinds, skylights and windows, displays,
It relates to light control materials used for partitions, etc.
［従来の技術］
樹脂マトリツクス中に液晶を含む調光液晶シー
トを有した調光材として、第１２図及び第１３図
に示すような調光材を本出願人は開発した。即
ち、この調光材は、液晶層１００の上下両面に、
透明電極１０１ａ，１０１ｂを片面に形成した二
枚の透明な樹脂フイルム１０２ａ，１０２ｂを該
透明電極１０１ａ，１０１ｂが液晶層１００側と
なるように積層した五層構造のシート状調光材で
あつて、上下の透明電極１０１ａ，１０１ｂの端
縁沿いに形成された帯状の集電極部１０３ａ，１
０３ｂが、第１２図に示すように平面視した状態
で左右に対向する位置関係に配置されている。そ
して、集電極部１０３ａ，１０３ｂの端部には、
第１３図に示すように外部に導出するリード線接
続用の端子片１０４ａ，１０４ｂが導電性接着剤
等でそれぞれ接着され、調光材の周囲は絶縁テー
プ１０５で被覆されており、上記端子片１０４
ａ，１０４ｂは外部電源（図示せず）と接続さ
れ、集電極部１０３ａ，１０３ｂを介して透明電
極１０１ａ，１０１ｂに電圧が印加されるように
なつている。[Prior Art] The present applicant has developed a light control material as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 as a light control material having a light control liquid crystal sheet containing liquid crystal in a resin matrix. That is, this light control material is applied to both the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal layer 100.
It is a sheet-like light control material with a five-layer structure in which two transparent resin films 102a and 102b having transparent electrodes 101a and 101b formed on one side are laminated so that the transparent electrodes 101a and 101b are on the liquid crystal layer 100 side. , strip-shaped collector electrode portions 103a, 1 formed along the edges of the upper and lower transparent electrodes 101a, 101b.
03b are arranged in a positional relationship that faces each other from side to side when viewed from above as shown in FIG. At the ends of the collector electrode parts 103a and 103b,
As shown in FIG. 13, terminal pieces 104a and 104b for connecting lead wires led out to the outside are adhered with conductive adhesive or the like, and the periphery of the light control material is covered with insulating tape 105. 104
a, 104b are connected to an external power source (not shown), and a voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes 101a, 101b via the collecting electrode portions 103a, 103b.
かかる調光材は、透明電極１０１ａ，１０１ｂ
間に電圧を印加しない状態では液晶層１００が光
を散乱して調光材全面が白濁しており、電圧を印
加すると、左右対向して形成された集電極部１０
３ａ，１０３ｂにより透明電極１０１ａ，１０１
ｂの電圧降下が抑制されて液晶層１００全体にほ
ぼ均一な電界がかかるため、液晶層内の液晶分子
が全体的に電界方向に配向して調光材全面が透明
となる。 Such a light control material includes transparent electrodes 101a and 101b.
When no voltage is applied between them, the liquid crystal layer 100 scatters light and the entire surface of the light control material becomes cloudy; when a voltage is applied, the collector electrodes 10 formed to face each other on the left and right
Transparent electrodes 101a, 101 by 3a, 103b
Since the voltage drop b is suppressed and a substantially uniform electric field is applied to the entire liquid crystal layer 100, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are entirely aligned in the direction of the electric field, and the entire surface of the light control material becomes transparent.
［考案が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、上記調光材は、全面が白濁した
り透明となるものであるから、例えば調光材の一
部を白濁状態のまま残し、その他の部分を透明に
するといつたような、変化に富む調光を行うこと
が困難であつた。[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, since the entire surface of the above-mentioned light control material becomes cloudy or transparent, for example, it is necessary to leave a part of the light control material in a cloudy state and make other parts transparent. However, it was difficult to perform variable light control as described above.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記課題を解決するために本考案の調光材は、
固化した樹脂マトリツクス中に液晶が分散された
液晶層と、この液晶層の上下両面に積層され端縁
沿いに電気抵抗の小さい集電極部が形成された透
明電極とを少なくとも具備し、両透明電極の集電
極部が平面視の状態で非対向となる位置関係に配
置されて成ることを要旨とする。[Means for solving the problems] In order to solve the above problems, the light control material of the present invention has the following features:
It comprises at least a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in a solidified resin matrix, and transparent electrodes laminated on both the upper and lower surfaces of this liquid crystal layer and having collector electrode portions with low electrical resistance formed along the edges, and both transparent electrodes. The gist is that the collector electrode portions of the device are arranged in a non-opposing positional relationship when viewed from above.
［作用］
本考案の調光材は、透明電極間に電圧を印加し
ない状態では液晶層が光を散乱して全面的に白濁
する。そして、集電極部を介して双方の透明電極
に電圧を印加すると、平面視の状態で非対向の位
置関係に配置された双方の集電極部に近い部分で
は、透明電極の電圧降下が殆どないため、この部
分の液晶層内の液晶分子が電界方向に配向して透
明状態に変化する。しかし、双方の集電極部より
離れた部分では、透明電極の電圧降下が大きく、
液晶層にかかる電界が弱くなるため、液晶分子が
電界方向に殆ど配向しないで白濁状態を維持す
る。そして、電圧を上昇させると、双方の集電極
部より離れた部分であつたとしも、液晶分子を電
界方向に配向させるだけの電界がかかり、調光材
全面が透明となる。[Function] In the light control material of the present invention, when no voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, the liquid crystal layer scatters light and the entire surface becomes cloudy. When a voltage is applied to both transparent electrodes through the collector electrodes, there is almost no voltage drop across the transparent electrodes in the areas near both collector electrodes, which are arranged in a non-opposing positional relationship when viewed from above. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in this portion are aligned in the direction of the electric field and change to a transparent state. However, the voltage drop of the transparent electrode is large in the part far away from both collector electrodes.
Since the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer becomes weaker, the liquid crystal molecules are hardly aligned in the direction of the electric field and a cloudy state is maintained. Then, when the voltage is increased, an electric field sufficient to orient the liquid crystal molecules in the direction of the electric field is applied, even if the part is away from both collector electrodes, and the entire surface of the light control material becomes transparent.
［実施例］
以下、図面を参照して本考案の一実施例を説明
する。[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本考案の一実施例にかかる調光材の平
面図、第２図は第１図におけるＡ−Ｂ−Ｃ線に沿
つた拡大断面図、第３図及び第４図はそれぞれ第
１図におけるＸ−Ｘ線及びＹ−Ｙ線に沿つた拡大
部分断面図、第５図は第１図におけるＤ−Ｅ−Ｆ
−Ｇ−Ｈ線に沿つた拡大断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a plan view of a light control material according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line A-B-C in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are respectively 1 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along the X-X line and the Y-Y line, and FIG.
It is an enlarged sectional view along line -GH.
第２図及び第５図に示すように、この実施例の
調光材は、液晶層１の上下両面に、透明電極２
ａ，２ｂを片面に形成した二枚の透明な樹脂フイ
ルム３ａ，３ｂ（以下、透明電極フイルムと記す）
を該透明電極２ａ，２ｂが液晶層１側となるよう
に積層した厚さ100〜500μmの五層構造のシート
状調光材であつて、上下の透明電極２ａ，２ｂの
端縁沿いに形成された帯状の集電極部４ａ，４ｂ
が、それぞれ第１図に示すように平面視した状態
で略Ｌ字形となるように、右側及び上側の非対向
となる位置関係に配置されている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the light control material of this example has transparent electrodes 2 on both the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal layer 1.
Two transparent resin films 3a and 3b with a and 2b formed on one side (hereinafter referred to as transparent electrode films)
A sheet-like light control material having a five-layer structure with a thickness of 100 to 500 μm in which the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b are stacked on the liquid crystal layer 1 side, and is formed along the edges of the upper and lower transparent electrodes 2a and 2b. strip-shaped collector electrode parts 4a, 4b
are arranged in a non-opposing positional relationship on the right side and the upper side so as to form a substantially L-shape when viewed from above as shown in FIG.
右側の集電極部４ａは、第４図のように、液晶
層１の右端縁部と下側の透明電極フイルム３ｂの
右端縁部を切除して上側の透明電極２ａの右端縁
部を帯状に露出させ、該露出部分に体積電気抵抗
が10-4Ωcmの銅ペースト、或はその他の電気抵抗
の極めて小さい銀ペースト、カーボンペースト等
の導電性ペーストを塗布することによつて形成さ
れており、上側の集電極部４ｂは、第３図のよう
に、液晶層１の上端縁部と上側の透明電極フイル
ム３ａの上端縁部を切除して下側の透明電極２ｂ
の上側端縁部を帯状に露出させ、該露出部分に上
記導電性ペーストを塗布することによつて形成さ
れている。透明電極フイルム３ａ，３ｂの端縁部
の切除巾は、第３図及び第４図に示すように液晶
層１の端縁部の切除巾よりも広くなつており、右
側の集電極部４ａと上側の透明電極２ｂとの短
絡、及び上側の集電極部４ｂと上側の透明電極２
ａとの短絡が防止されている。尚、短絡を防止す
るためには、上記の他に、液晶層１と透明電極フ
イルム３ａ，３ｂとの切除巾を同一にして、導電
性ペーストを切除巾全体ではなく端縁部分にのみ
塗布するようにしてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 4, the right collector electrode part 4a is made by cutting off the right edge of the liquid crystal layer 1 and the right edge of the lower transparent electrode film 3b, and forming the right edge of the upper transparent electrode 2a into a band shape. It is formed by exposing the exposed part and applying a conductive paste such as copper paste with a volume electrical resistance of 10 -4 Ωcm, or other conductive paste with extremely low electrical resistance such as silver paste or carbon paste, As shown in FIG. 3, the upper collector electrode part 4b is formed by cutting off the upper edge of the liquid crystal layer 1 and the upper edge of the upper transparent electrode film 3a, and forming the lower transparent electrode 2b.
It is formed by exposing the upper edge portion of the conductive paste in a band shape and applying the conductive paste to the exposed portion. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cutting width of the edge portions of the transparent electrode films 3a and 3b is wider than the cutting width of the edge portion of the liquid crystal layer 1. Short circuit with the upper transparent electrode 2b, and the upper collector electrode part 4b and the upper transparent electrode 2
Short circuit with a is prevented. In order to prevent short circuits, in addition to the above, the cutting widths of the liquid crystal layer 1 and the transparent electrode films 3a and 3b are made the same, and the conductive paste is applied only to the edge portions instead of the entire cutting width. You can do it like this.
また、集電極部４ａ，４ｂの端部には、第１図
及び第５図に示すように外部へ突出するリード線
接続用の端子片５ａ，５ｂが導電性接着剤等でそ
れぞれ接着されており、更に、調光材の周囲は絶
縁テープ６で被覆されている。 Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, terminal pieces 5a and 5b for connecting lead wires that protrude to the outside are adhered to the ends of the collector electrodes 4a and 4b using conductive adhesive or the like, respectively. Further, the periphery of the light control material is covered with an insulating tape 6.
上記の液晶層１は、固化した樹脂マトリツクス
中に液晶を分散させたもので、具体的には硬化し
たエポキシ樹脂マトリツクス中にネマテイツク液
晶を相分離により液滴状態で分散させた液晶層が
好適である。かかる液晶層１は、相分離により液
滴状態で分散させた液晶が1μ程度の均一な粒径
を有し、液晶分子の配向性が良いため、印加電圧
が低くても高い透明度を得ることができるからで
ある。その中でも、硬化エポキシ樹脂マトリツク
スがグリシジルエステル系エポキシ樹脂、グリシ
ジルエーテル系エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルアミン
系エポキシ樹脂等の脂肪族を主体としたエポキシ
樹脂を含み、且つ該マトリツクスの光屈折率と液
晶の通常光屈折率との差が0.02以内となるように
調節されたものは、光透過状態と光散乱状態のコ
ントラストが良好で経時的に黄変しにくいなどの
長所を有するため特に好適である。その他、固化
したポリビニルアルコール樹脂マトリツクス中に
ネマチツク液晶を乳化分散によりカプセル化して
含有させた液晶層や、溶剤で溶解したポリカーボ
ネート樹脂、アクリル樹脂等にネマチツク液晶を
分散させたのち溶剤を蒸発させて樹脂を固化させ
た液晶層等でも勿論よい。なお、液晶の配合量
は、光の散乱率が許容される範囲内である限り特
に制限されないが、高価な液晶を使用することの
経済性を考えると、重量比で樹脂マトリツクス１
に対して液晶を２〜0.01の範囲内、好ましくは１
〜0.1の範囲内とするのがよく、更に、必要とあ
らば、液晶層１の厚みを均一にするために樹脂マ
トリツクスの屈折率と同一もしくは近似した屈折
率を有する合成樹脂のマイクロビーズやガラス等
をスペーサとして液晶層１に含有させてもよい。 The above liquid crystal layer 1 is a layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in a solidified resin matrix. Specifically, a liquid crystal layer in which nematic liquid crystal is dispersed in the form of droplets in a hardened epoxy resin matrix by phase separation is preferable. be. In this liquid crystal layer 1, the liquid crystal dispersed in the form of droplets by phase separation has a uniform particle size of about 1 μm, and the liquid crystal molecules have good orientation, so that high transparency can be obtained even at a low applied voltage. Because you can. Among them, the cured epoxy resin matrix contains an aliphatic-based epoxy resin such as a glycidyl ester epoxy resin, a glycidyl ether epoxy resin, or a glycidyl amine epoxy resin, and the optical refractive index of the matrix and the normal light of the liquid crystal are different from each other. A material whose refractive index is adjusted to within 0.02 is particularly suitable because it has advantages such as good contrast between the light transmitting state and the light scattering state and being resistant to yellowing over time. In addition, there are liquid crystal layers in which nematic liquid crystals are encapsulated and contained in a solidified polyvinyl alcohol resin matrix by emulsification dispersion, and nematic liquid crystals are dispersed in polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, etc. dissolved in a solvent, and then the solvent is evaporated. Of course, a liquid crystal layer formed by solidifying the liquid crystal layer or the like may also be used. The amount of liquid crystal compounded is not particularly limited as long as the light scattering rate is within an allowable range, but considering the economical efficiency of using expensive liquid crystals, the weight ratio of resin matrix 1
liquid crystal within the range of 2 to 0.01, preferably 1
-0.1, and if necessary, in order to make the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 1 uniform, synthetic resin microbeads or glass having a refractive index that is the same as or similar to that of the resin matrix may be added. etc. may be included in the liquid crystal layer 1 as a spacer.
また、上記の透明電極フイルム３ａ，３ｂとし
ては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエーテ
ルサルフオン、ポリカーボネート等の透明な樹脂
フイルムの片面に、ITOや酸化錫等の金属酸化物
を蒸着もしくはスパツタリングするか、又は透明
導電性塗料を塗布することによつて透明電極２
ａ，２ｂを形成したものが好適である。この実施
例の透明電極フイルム３ａ，３ｂはいずれも片面
全体に透明電極２ａ，２ｂを形成しているが、場
合によつては、少なくとも一方の透明電極２ａ又
は２ｂを所望の図柄又は模様状に形成し、透明電
極２ａ，２ｂ間に電圧を印加した際、その図柄又
は模様状に液晶層１が透明となるように構成して
もよい。 The transparent electrode films 3a and 3b may be made by vapor-depositing or sputtering a metal oxide such as ITO or tin oxide on one side of a transparent resin film such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, or polycarbonate, or by vapor-depositing or sputtering a metal oxide such as ITO or tin oxide. Transparent electrode 2 by applying conductive paint
It is preferable to use one in which a and 2b are formed. The transparent electrode films 3a and 3b of this embodiment both have transparent electrodes 2a and 2b formed on the entire one side, but in some cases, at least one of the transparent electrodes 2a or 2b may be formed into a desired design or pattern. The liquid crystal layer 1 may be formed so that when a voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b, the liquid crystal layer 1 becomes transparent in the design or pattern.
また、集電極部４ａ，４ｂは、この実施例では
既述したように導電性ペーストを塗布して形成し
ているが、体積電気抵抗が10-3〜10-5Ωcmの銅箔
テープ等の電気抵抗の極めて小さい金属箔テープ
を透明電極２ａ，２ｂの露出端縁部に貼付けて形
成してもよい。 In this embodiment, the collector electrode parts 4a and 4b are formed by applying a conductive paste as described above, but they are formed by applying a conductive paste such as a copper foil tape having a volume electrical resistance of 10 -3 to 10 -5 Ωcm. A metal foil tape having extremely low electrical resistance may be attached to the exposed edges of the transparent electrodes 2a, 2b.
この集電極部４ａ，４ｂに取付けるリード線接
続用端子片５ａ，５ａとしては、銅箔テープ等の
金属箔テープや、リン青銅、銅、アルミニウム等
の金属薄片が好適に使用されるが、集電極部４
ａ，４ｂを金属箔テープで形成する場合は、調光
材の一辺より長い金属箔テープを透明電極２ａ，
２ｂの端縁部に貼付けて該金属箔テープの一端を
外部へ突出させ、その突出部分にリード線を接続
するのがよい。 As the lead wire connection terminal pieces 5a, 5a attached to the collector electrodes 4a, 4b, metal foil tapes such as copper foil tapes, thin metal pieces of phosphor bronze, copper, aluminum, etc. are preferably used. Electrode part 4
When forming a and 4b with metal foil tape, use a metal foil tape longer than one side of the light control material to form transparent electrodes 2a and 4b.
It is preferable to attach the metal foil tape to the edge of the metal foil tape 2b so that one end of the metal foil tape protrudes to the outside, and to connect a lead wire to the protruding portion.
また、調光材周囲を被覆する絶縁テープ６は、
水分の浸入や漏電や感電を防止すると共に調光材
の層間剥離を防止するためのもので、例えば透明
なポリプロピレン樹脂テープ等が好適に使用され
るが、絶縁テープに代えて、例えばエポキシ樹脂
系等の透明な絶縁性接着剤を調光材周囲に塗布す
るようにしてもよい。 In addition, the insulating tape 6 covering the surroundings of the light control material is
It is used to prevent moisture infiltration, electrical leakage, and electric shock, as well as to prevent delamination of the light control material. For example, transparent polypropylene resin tape is preferably used, but instead of insulating tape, for example, epoxy resin tape can be used. Alternatively, a transparent insulating adhesive such as the following may be applied around the light control material.
上記構成の調光材は、上下の透明電極２ａ，２
ｂ間に電圧を印加しないときは、液晶層１内の液
晶の異常光屈折率と樹脂マトリツクスの屈折率と
の差に基づく光散乱によつて白濁している。そし
て、透明電極２ａ，２ｂ間に電圧を印加して液晶
層１に電界をかけると、透明電極２ａ，２ｂの端
縁沿いに形成された電気抵抗の小さい集電極部４
ａ，４ｂが、略Ｌ字形となるように非対向の位置
関係で配置されているため、集電極部４ａ，４ｂ
が接近した電圧降下の最も少ない角部３１から、
電圧降下が最も大きい対角部３２に向かつて液晶
層１にかかる電界が徐々に弱くなる。従つて、角
３１から液晶分子の配向に必要な電圧がかかる中
間部分までは、液晶分子が電界方向に配列して液
晶の通常光屈折率が樹脂マトリツクスの屈折率と
同一又は近似するため透明となり、該中間部から
対角部３２までは、液晶分子が殆ど配向しないた
め白濁状態を維持する。この部分的透明と部分的
白濁の状態は、印加する電圧と透明電極２ａ，２
ｂの電気抵抗により種々変化する。透明電極の電
気抵抗が一定のものを使用すれば、電圧をスライ
ダツク等で調整することで透明部分の領域を変化
させることが可能である。例えば、電圧を零の状
態から次第に上昇させると、まず集電極部４ａ，
４ｂの接近した角部３１から透明となり、電圧の
上昇に伴つて次第に角部３２の方向に透明部分が
広がり、最後には調光材全面が透明となる。従つ
て、印加する電圧により透明部分の領域を変える
こともできるし、電圧を変えることにより透明部
分の領域を動的に変化させることもできる。ま
た、透明電極２ａ，２ｂの電気抵抗を部分的に変
化させると、抵抗の小さい部分が透明となつた模
様となり、電圧を変えるとその模様が前記と同様
に動的に変化する。 The light control material having the above structure has upper and lower transparent electrodes 2a, 2
When no voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer 1, the liquid crystal layer 1 becomes cloudy due to light scattering due to the difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal and the refractive index of the resin matrix. When a voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer 1, a collector electrode portion 4 with low electrical resistance is formed along the edges of the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b.
a, 4b are arranged in a non-opposing positional relationship so as to form a substantially L-shape, so that the collector electrode parts 4a, 4b
From the corner 31 with the least voltage drop, where
The electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 gradually weakens toward the diagonal portion 32 where the voltage drop is greatest. Therefore, from the corner 31 to the middle part where the voltage necessary to orient the liquid crystal molecules is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the direction of the electric field and the normal light refractive index of the liquid crystal is the same as or similar to the refractive index of the resin matrix, so it becomes transparent. From the middle part to the diagonal part 32, liquid crystal molecules are hardly oriented, so that a cloudy state is maintained. This state of partial transparency and partial cloudiness is determined by the applied voltage and the transparent electrodes 2a, 2.
It varies depending on the electrical resistance of b. If a transparent electrode with constant electric resistance is used, the area of the transparent portion can be changed by adjusting the voltage with a slider or the like. For example, when the voltage is gradually increased from zero, first the collector electrode portion 4a,
The light control material becomes transparent from the corner 31 of the light control member 4b, and as the voltage increases, the transparent portion gradually spreads toward the corner 32, and finally the entire surface of the light control material becomes transparent. Therefore, the area of the transparent part can be changed by changing the applied voltage, and the area of the transparent part can also be changed dynamically by changing the voltage. Furthermore, when the electric resistance of the transparent electrodes 2a, 2b is partially changed, a pattern is created in which the portions with low resistance become transparent, and when the voltage is changed, the pattern dynamically changes as described above.
尚、透明電極２ａ，２ｂの内部抵抗が小さ過ぎ
ると、電圧降下が殆ど生じないので白濁部分を残
すことが困難となり、逆に内部抵抗が大き過ぎる
と、全体を透明にしたい場合に極めて高い電圧を
印加しなければならないので危険となる。従つ
て、透明電極２ａ，２ｂの表面抵抗は102〜103
Ω／□程度であることが好ましい。 Note that if the internal resistance of the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b is too small, there will be almost no voltage drop, making it difficult to leave a cloudy part.On the other hand, if the internal resistance is too large, an extremely high voltage will be required to make the entire transparent electrode. must be applied, which is dangerous. Therefore, the surface resistance of the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b is 10 2 to 10 3
It is preferable that it is about Ω/□.
第６図は本考案調光材の他の実施例を示す部分
断面図で、このものは、前記のシート状調光材の
透明電極フイルム３ａ，３ｂの表面に透明基材７
ａ，７ｂを更に積層一体化したものである。透明
基材７ａ，７ｂとしては、耐候性、光線透過性、
成形性等に優れた無色透明のアクリル樹脂、ポリ
カーボネート樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、塩化ビニ
ル樹脂等より成るプラスチツクシートやプラスチ
ツク板、或いはガラス板などが好適であり、これ
らの透明基材７ａ，７ｂは、エポキシ系、アクリ
ル系、酢酸ビニル系、シリコン系、ウレタン系等
の接着剤又は粘着剤８ａ，８ｂを用いて、常温硬
化、加熱硬化、紫外線照射硬化等により貼合わせ
るか、或いはホツトメルトシートやブチラールシ
ート等を用いて貼合わせることにより、一体に積
層される。かかる透明基材７ａ，７ｂは、内側の
液晶層１の透明、白濁を外部より透視、観察でき
る程度の透明性を有するものであればよく、この
条件を満足する限り、着色されたものや、表面全
体又は部分的に梨地模様等が形成されたものや、
模様・図柄が印刷されたもの等を使用することも
勿論可能である。その他の構成は前記実施例と実
質的に同一であるので、図において同一部材に同
一符号を付し、説明を省略する。尚、透明基材は
片面にだけ積層してよい。 FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the light control material of the present invention.
A and 7b are further laminated and integrated. The transparent base materials 7a and 7b have weather resistance, light transmittance,
Plastic sheets, plastic plates, or glass plates made of colorless and transparent acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, vinyl chloride resin, etc., which have excellent moldability, etc., are suitable, and these transparent substrates 7a and 7b are made of epoxy resin. Using adhesives or pressure-sensitive adhesives 8a, 8b such as acrylic, vinyl acetate, silicone, urethane, etc., by curing at room temperature, heat curing, UV irradiation curing, etc., or hot melt sheet or butyral sheet. They are laminated together by bonding them together using, for example, a The transparent substrates 7a and 7b may be any material having transparency to the extent that the transparency or cloudiness of the inner liquid crystal layer 1 can be seen through and observed from the outside, and as long as this condition is satisfied, colored materials, Items with a satin pattern etc. formed on the entire or partial surface,
Of course, it is also possible to use a material with printed patterns or designs. Since the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals in the figures, and their explanation will be omitted. Note that the transparent base material may be laminated only on one side.
第７図は本考案の更に他の実施例を示す概略部
分断面図で、このものは、前記のシート状調光材
９をそれより面積が大きい透明基材７ａ，７ｂの
間に挟み込み、該基材７ａ，７ｂの周縁部を互い
に接合して封止したものである。透明基材７ａ，
７ｂの周縁部を接合する手段としては、高周波ウ
エルデイング、キヤステイング、ホツトプレス、
電気接着剤や粘着剤の使用など種々の手段が採用
される。このような封止構造にすると、悪影響を
及ぼす水分の侵入、漏電又は感電、層間剥離等を
防止できる利点がある。特に、透明電極フイルム
がポリエチレンテレフタレートフイルムである場
合は、透明基材７ａ，７ｂとの接着ないし粘着が
良好に行い難く、長期間使用すると熱伸縮などに
より剥離を生じる恐れが多分にあるが、周縁部を
接合することにより剥離を完全に防止することが
可能となる。 FIG. 7 is a schematic partial sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, in which the sheet-like light control material 9 is sandwiched between transparent base materials 7a and 7b having a larger area. The peripheral edges of the base materials 7a and 7b are joined and sealed together. transparent base material 7a,
The means for joining the peripheral portion of 7b include high frequency welding, casting, hot pressing,
Various means may be employed, such as the use of electrical adhesives or adhesives. Such a sealing structure has the advantage of preventing harmful effects such as intrusion of moisture, leakage or electric shock, and delamination. In particular, when the transparent electrode film is a polyethylene terephthalate film, it is difficult to adhere well to the transparent substrates 7a and 7b, and if used for a long period of time, there is a high risk of peeling due to thermal expansion and contraction. By joining the parts, it is possible to completely prevent peeling.
第８図から第１０図は本考案の更に他例の調光
材を示しており、第８図はその平面図、第９図は
第８図におけるＩ−Ｊ線に沿つた拡大断面図、第
１０図は第８図におけるＫ−Ｌ線に沿つた部分拡
大断面図である。この調光材は、双方の透明電極
２ａ，２ｂの集電極部４ａ，４ｂを同一端縁、す
なわち、液晶層１の下端縁部で上下位置となるよ
うに該液晶層１を挟んだ状態で対向させて形成
し、それぞれの集電極部２ａ，２ｂにそれぞれ外
部に突出するリード線接続用の端子片５ｂ，５ａ
を接続している。その他の構成は前記実施例と実
質的に同様であるので、同一部材に同一符号を付
し、説明を省略する。このような調光材では、透
明電極２ａ，２ｂ間に電圧を印加すると、集電極
部４ａ，４ｂのある片側（図では下側）が透明と
なり、反対側が白濁状態となる。また、電圧を変
化させると、既述のように透明部分の領域を動的
に変化させることができる。 8 to 10 show still another example of the light control material of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line I-J in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged sectional view taken along line K-L in FIG. 8. This light control material is arranged so that the collector electrode parts 4a and 4b of both the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b are placed at the same edge, that is, at the lower edge of the liquid crystal layer 1, with the liquid crystal layer 1 sandwiched therebetween. Terminal pieces 5b, 5a for connecting lead wires formed to face each other and projecting to the outside of the respective collector electrode parts 2a, 2b, respectively.
are connected. Since the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In such a light control material, when a voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b, one side (lower side in the figure) of the collecting electrode parts 4a and 4b becomes transparent, and the other side becomes cloudy. Furthermore, by changing the voltage, the area of the transparent portion can be dynamically changed as described above.
例えば、表面抵抗が150Ω／□である矩形状透
明電極（1000mm×200mm）を有する上記構造の調
光材を使用し、印加電圧をスライダツク等によつ
て零から連続的に上げていくと、透明域が角部３
１から対角部３２の方に向かつて徐々に拡大し、
約60Vの電圧を印加したとき調光材のほぼ半分ま
でが透明となり、そこから対角部３２までの残り
半分が白濁状態を維持する。そして、更に印加電
圧を上げると透明域が更に拡大し、約120Vの電
圧を印加した時点で全体が透明となる。従つて、
印加電圧を120V以下の範囲で可変すれば、透明
域と白濁域の占める割合を自由に変えて変化に富
む調光を行うことができる。 For example, if you use a light control material with the above structure that has a rectangular transparent electrode (1000 mm x 200 mm) with a surface resistance of 150 Ω/□ and continuously increase the applied voltage from zero using a slider, etc., the transparent Area is corner 3
1 toward the diagonal portion 32,
When a voltage of about 60V is applied, approximately half of the light control material becomes transparent, and the remaining half from there to the diagonal portion 32 maintains a cloudy state. When the applied voltage is further increased, the transparent region further expands, and the entire region becomes transparent when a voltage of about 120V is applied. Therefore,
By varying the applied voltage within a range of 120V or less, it is possible to freely change the ratio of the transparent region to the cloudy region and perform a wide variety of dimming.
第１１図は更に他例を示す部分拡大図で、この
調光材は、集電極部４ａ，４ｂを双方の透明電極
２ａ，２ｂの同一端縁に形成して上下に対向さ
せ、この集電極部４ａ，４ｂの間に絶縁膜１０を
介在させたものである。その他の構成は上記実施
例と実質的に同様であるので、同一部材に同一符
号を付し、説明は省略する。このような調光材で
も、透明電極２ａ，２ｂ間に電圧を印加すると、
集電極部４ａ，４ｂのある片側が透明となり、反
対側が白濁状態となる。 FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view showing still another example, in which this light control material has collecting electrode parts 4a and 4b formed on the same edge of both transparent electrodes 2a and 2b and facing each other vertically. An insulating film 10 is interposed between portions 4a and 4b. Since the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the above embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. Even with such a light control material, when a voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b,
One side of the collector electrode parts 4a and 4b becomes transparent, and the other side becomes cloudy.
以上、実施例を挙げて本考案の調光材を説明し
たが、本考案は実施例のような矩形の調光材にの
み限定されるものではなく、例えば、菱形、円
形、楕円形など種々の形状となして、双方の透明
電極の端縁部に形成した集電極部を平面視した状
態で非対向の位置関係に配置したり、或いは熱線
カツトフイルム、耐候性改良フイルム等を透明電
極フイルム３ａ，３ｂや透明基材７ａ，７ｂの外
表面に更に積層して種々の機能を付加するなど、
種々の変更態様を許容し得るものである。 Although the light control material of the present invention has been described above with reference to examples, the present invention is not limited to rectangular light control materials as shown in the examples, but can be applied to various shapes such as diamond, circular, and oval shapes. The shape of the collector electrodes formed at the edges of both transparent electrodes may be arranged in a non-opposing positional relationship when viewed from above, or a heat ray cut film, weather resistance improved film, etc. may be placed over the transparent electrode film. 3a, 3b and the outer surfaces of transparent base materials 7a, 7b to add various functions, etc.
Various modifications are permissible.
［考案の効果］
以上の説明から明らかなように、本考案の調光
材は、透明電極の端縁沿いに集電極部を形成して
非対向となる位置関係に配置することにより、透
明電極に電圧降下の極めて小さい部分と電圧降下
の極めて大きい部分を積極的に生じさせるように
したため、調光材の一部を白濁状態のまま残して
その他の部分を透明にすることが可能となり、且
つ印加電圧を可変することにより透明域と白濁域
の占める割合を自由にかえることも可能となり、
非常に変化に富む調光を行うことができるといつ
た効果を奏する。[Effects of the invention] As is clear from the above explanation, the light control material of the invention has a collector electrode part formed along the edge of the transparent electrode and disposed in a non-opposing positional relationship. By actively creating areas where the voltage drop is extremely small and areas where the voltage drop is extremely large, it is possible to leave part of the light control material in a cloudy state while making other parts transparent. By varying the applied voltage, it is also possible to freely change the ratio of the transparent area to the cloudy area.
The effect is that it is possible to perform light control with a wide variety of changes.
第１図は本考案の一実施例にかかる調光材の平
面図、第２図は同調光材の第１図におけるＡ−Ｂ
−Ｃ線に沿つた拡大断面図、第３図及び第４図は
それぞれ第１図におけるＸ−Ｘ線及びＹ−Ｙ線に
沿つた拡大部分断面図、第５図は第１図における
Ｄ−Ｅ−Ｆ−Ｇ−Ｈ線に沿つた拡大断面図、第６
図は本考案の他の実施例にかかる調光材の部分断
面図、第７図は本考案の更に他の実施例にかかる
調光材の概略部分断面図、第８図は本考案の更に
他例の調光材の平面図、第９図は同調光材の第８
図におけるＩ−Ｊ線に沿つた拡大断面図、第１０
図は第８図におけるＫ−Ｌ線に沿つた部分拡大断
面図、第１１図は本考案の更にその他例にかかる
調光材の概略部分断面図、第１２図は従来の調光
材の平面図、第１３図は第１２図におけるＭ−Ｎ
−Ｏ−Ｐ線に沿つた拡大断面である。
１……液晶層、２ａ，２ｂ……透明電極、３
ａ，３ｂ……樹脂フイルム（透明電極フイルム）、
４ａ，４ｂ……集電極部。
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a light control material according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of a light control material according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 and 4 are enlarged partial sectional views taken along line X-X and Y-Y in FIG. 1, respectively, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial sectional view taken along line D-C in FIG. Enlarged sectional view along line E-F-G-H, No. 6
The figure is a partial cross-sectional view of a light control material according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light control material according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A plan view of another example of the light control material, FIG. 9 shows the eighth example of the light control material.
Enlarged sectional view along line I-J in the figure, No. 10
The figure is a partially enlarged sectional view taken along the line K-L in FIG. 8, FIG. 11 is a schematic partial sectional view of a light control material according to still another example of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a plan view of a conventional light control material. Figure 13 is M-N in Figure 12.
- It is an enlarged cross section along the OP line. 1...Liquid crystal layer, 2a, 2b...Transparent electrode, 3
a, 3b...Resin film (transparent electrode film),
4a, 4b...collecting electrode part.
Claims (1)
た液晶層と、この液晶層の上下両面に積層され端
縁沿いに電気抵抗の小さい集電極部が形成された
透明電極とを少なくとも具備し、両透明電極の集
電極部が平面視の状態で非対向となる位置関係に
配置されて成る調光材。 It comprises at least a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in a solidified resin matrix, and transparent electrodes laminated on both the upper and lower surfaces of this liquid crystal layer and having collector electrode portions with low electrical resistance formed along the edges, and both transparent electrodes. A light control material in which the collector electrode portions of are arranged in a positional relationship such that they do not face each other in a plan view.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14249988U JPH0540501Y2 (en) | 1988-10-31 | 1988-10-31 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14249988U JPH0540501Y2 (en) | 1988-10-31 | 1988-10-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0262517U JPH0262517U (en) | 1990-05-10 |
| JPH0540501Y2 true JPH0540501Y2 (en) | 1993-10-14 |
Family
ID=31408509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14249988U Expired - Lifetime JPH0540501Y2 (en) | 1988-10-31 | 1988-10-31 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0540501Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4100510B2 (en) | 2003-07-30 | 2008-06-11 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Dimmer and laminated glass |
| JP2020112684A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-27 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Light control sheet and light control unit |
| JP7238427B2 (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2023-03-14 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | dimming unit |
-
1988
- 1988-10-31 JP JP14249988U patent/JPH0540501Y2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0262517U (en) | 1990-05-10 |
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