JPH0538609Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A. Field of the invention This invention relates to an agricultural house suitable for subtropical regions.

B. Prior Art and Problems Agricultural greenhouses built in subtropical regions need to be suitable for the climate of the subtropical regions. For example, between the Kanto region, where PVC agricultural greenhouses are frequently used, and the Okinawa region, which is in a subtropical region, the Okinawa region has more insect damage and bird damage throughout the year.
Seasonal winds as strong as typhoons often blow and threaten agricultural production, so the main purpose of PVC agricultural greenhouses is different from the one used in the Kanto region, which is to protect against cold northerly winds.

However, until now, no agricultural greenhouse has been proposed that can cope with the special conditions of subtropical regions such as those mentioned above.

C. Solution to the problem and its effects First, let's talk about insect damage.It depends on the type of insect, but insects cannot fly very high. Therefore, most insects can be protected by providing ventilation holes, such as glass netting, above a certain height. Regarding bird damage, the behavior of birds in subtropical regions is to use horizontal bars or hanging arcs (concave arcs).
It is easy to gather on perches, but it is difficult to gather on semicircular arcs (convex arcs).Also, we have created a difference in height between the house ridges and the sides of the high ridge facing both sides of the roof of the low ridge (see the drawings below). In this case, we found that it is a good idea to install a ventilation hole in the area corresponding to the stepped part (indicated by c), since this area is difficult to be discovered by flying birds.

Next, in order to deal with wind, the houses are interconnected and the whole structure is strengthened against wind pressure, and the house building has height differences. Even if the upper half of the high building is destroyed, the destruction will not chain and be localized (in the drawings below, even if 1a is destroyed, the next 1
(b) and below remain), the damage can be kept to a small level and other effects can be obtained.

To further explain the effect of the alternating combination of high and low ridges of the present invention, in the inland Kanto region of the subtropics, plants that grow only 1 to 2 meters tall are 3 to 4 meters tall in the subtropics.
Many grow to a meter tall, so in subtropical regions, the higher the height of the ridge of the agricultural greenhouse, the better. However, in subtropical regions, winds blow strongly throughout the year, and the wind blows on structures become progressively stronger as the height above the ground increases. In response to this environmental condition, as shown in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 below, in this application, high buildings and low buildings are alternately combined and connected, so that the wind direction is the same as the ridge length (L line). In this case, since high buildings and low buildings are alternately combined, the space without high buildings (the roof of the low building) becomes a wind passage, and the wind resistance load is greatly reduced.

In addition, if the wind is perpendicular to the ridge length L (in the direction of the ridge width W), the step part (c, and the cc part is also included in the step part) is equipped with ventilation facilities that can fully open the step part. That is, in the case of strong winds, if the stepped portion can be fully opened, it can be used as a passage for the wind to pass through, and the wind resistance load can be greatly reduced in this case as well.

However, this is not to say that low ridges have no effect in the subtropics. In other words, the cultivation of geotropic plants does not require a high ridge, and if it is necessary to generate carbon dioxide gas to promote cultivation in the early stage of plant cultivation, the height of the ridge is low and indoor use is required. Since it is advantageous to have a small space, if the low building is partially sealed, it can be used effectively.

Furthermore, the remaining carbon dioxide gas used in the low building (even if it is residual gas, carbon dioxide gas still remains)
Since there is a high building next to a low building, it is necessary to move towards the high building (at this time, close the step part of the related high building and partition the inside of the high building as necessary). The use of carbon dioxide can be made more economical by absorbing carbon dioxide into the growing parts of plants raised slightly above the ground, and then releasing it to the outside by opening up the stepped parts.

D Example An example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.The specific example shown in FIG.
Between the five buildings 1d and 1e, there are low buildings 2a, 2b, and 2.
The four buildings c and 2d are sandwiched in between, and the high buildings 1a and 1e are located at both ends, and the high buildings and low buildings are interconnected so that there are 10 steps c and cc between them.

The ridge height of the low ridge part is approximately 2m (meters), the ridge height of the high ridge part is approximately 4m, the ridge width W is approximately 3m, and the ridge length L is approximately
12m. The roof was made by running bent timbers in a semicylindrical shape horizontally (in the width direction) at appropriate intervals. The structure of the other houses is of normal configuration. step c
A glass net with a fine mesh was placed over the section (including the cc section), and it was divided into several sections in the direction of the ridge length L, so that the net could be opened and closed from the inside at each section.

The surface of the house other than the stepped portion was covered with vinyl chloride film. Although not shown, entrances and exits for work vehicles and people were also created as appropriate.

The glass nets installed at the steps c and cc were designed so that they could be replaced with other appropriate ventilation means. Incidentally, depending on the type of plants to be cultivated, glass netting may be used not only for the stepped portions c and cc, but also for other ridge sides and top surfaces in place of the vinyl chloride film.

Example 1 Grapes, a crop that is difficult to grow in Okinawa Prefecture, were grown in 28 consecutive greenhouses. The leaves did not fall during a typhoon with wind speeds of 45 m/s in late August, and the crops were successfully harvested.

On the other hand, the leaves of the grapes grown in the open field fell completely and there was no harvest. The following year, the multi-houses produced fruit without any problems and we were able to achieve the desired results, but the grapes grown in the rural areas were still affected by the typhoon damage from the previous year and had a reduced fruiting ability and did not bear fruit.

Example 2 Heliconia (a tropical plant) was cultivated in nine greenhouses. Even in a typhoon with wind speeds of 45 m/s in late August, there was no damage, and the number of cut flowers per plant was 70, which was a good result. The heliconias grown elsewhere were wiped out, and not a single cut flower could be obtained.

Example 3 A bench with a height of 130 cm for cultivating orchids was built in a 13-row greenhouse, Denhuan (orchid) was cultivated, and Heliconia was cultivated under the bench. The house with alternating steps exhibits the ventilation effect of nature itself, and
The typhoon with wind speeds of 45 m/s in late August had no effect.
Both crops showed good results, confirming the effectiveness of using year-round greenhouses.

E. Effects of the invention In the above-mentioned multi-building greenhouse, we were able to streamline the cultivation work by installing a vehicle entrance on the side of the house and using a large 2-ton tractor to plow, fertilize, and harvest.

In addition, there is no need to worry about bird damage, so for example, in grape cultivation, there is no need to bag the fruit.
When harvesting, ripeness can be checked in a natural state, and considering the elimination of bagging work and other rationalization effects, compared to conventional open-field cultivation in subtropical regions,
The work efficiency was confirmed to be above average.

Another reason why we were able to achieve such high work efficiency through pesticide-free cultivation is that we can utilize the stepped areas by adjusting the ventilation and lighting in the stepped areas c and cc, and by appropriately selecting the compartments inside the greenhouse. It is believed that this is because the temperature inside the house was appropriately controlled by controlling the convection and stagnation of air inside the house.

In addition, if the house is not a combination of a high building and a low building, this type of temperature control may be applied to the stepped portions c and cc.
It cannot be achieved because it does not exist.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-building agricultural house according to the present invention. In the figure, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e indicate high ridges, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d indicate low ridges,
c and cc indicate stepped portions.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Agricultural greenhouse buildings with semicylindrical roofs are constructed with steps in height, with high buildings 1a, 1b, 1c, ... and low buildings 2.
A, 2b, 2c, . agricultural house.