JPH0534908B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0534908B2
JPH0534908B2 JP59013600A JP1360084A JPH0534908B2 JP H0534908 B2 JPH0534908 B2 JP H0534908B2 JP 59013600 A JP59013600 A JP 59013600A JP 1360084 A JP1360084 A JP 1360084A JP H0534908 B2 JPH0534908 B2 JP H0534908B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rotor
rotating shaft
piezoelectric
spacer
circular hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59013600A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS60160384A (en
Inventor
Katsumi Fujimoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority to JP59013600A priority Critical patent/JPS60160384A/en
Publication of JPS60160384A publication Critical patent/JPS60160384A/en
Publication of JPH0534908B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0534908B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/10Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing rotary motion, e.g. rotary motors
    • H02N2/105Cycloid or wobble motors; Harmonic traction motors

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (技術分野) 本発明は電歪素子の変形を回転軸の回転運動に
変換する圧電モータに関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a piezoelectric motor that converts deformation of an electrostrictive element into rotational motion of a rotating shaft.

(従来技術) 従来、この種の圧電モータとしては、具体的に
は図示しないが、電歪素子とロータに摩擦を持た
せて、このロータの回転と電歪素子の直線往復運
動を合成して得られる楕円状の運動の繰り返しに
より上記ロータの回転を維持するようにしたもの
が一般に提案されている。
(Prior art) Conventionally, this type of piezoelectric motor, although not specifically shown, has been designed to have friction between an electrostrictive element and a rotor, and to combine the rotation of the rotor with the linear reciprocating motion of the electrostrictive element. It has generally been proposed to maintain the rotation of the rotor by repeating the resulting elliptical motion.

ところで、上記圧電モータでは、電歪素子のロ
ータへの接触圧の変化やこれら電歪素子およびロ
ータの摩耗により、トルク変動や回転数の再現性
が劣化し、信頼性が低いという問題があつた。
By the way, the piezoelectric motor described above has a problem in that the reproducibility of torque fluctuations and rotation speed deteriorates due to changes in the contact pressure of the electrostrictive element to the rotor and wear of these electrostrictive elements and the rotor, resulting in low reliability. .

(発明の目的) 本発明は上記問題を解消すべくなされたもので
あつて、その目的は、圧電モータにおいて、電歪
素子を周囲に配置したロータを少なくとも2つの
方向に往復動させてロータ中心の円孔の内周面を
この円孔に遊嵌する回転軸に接触させて回転軸を
回転駆動することにより、電歪素子の変形をいつ
たん変換の容易なロータの往復動に変換した後に
回転軸の回転運動に変換し、圧電モータのトルク
変動を無くすとともに、回転数の再現性を向上さ
せ、信頼性の向上を図ることである。
(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to reciprocate in at least two directions a rotor having electrostrictive elements arranged around it in a piezoelectric motor, so that the rotor is centered on the rotor. By bringing the inner circumferential surface of the circular hole into contact with the rotating shaft loosely fitted into the circular hole and rotating the rotating shaft, the deformation of the electrostrictive element is instantly converted into the easily convertible reciprocating motion of the rotor. The objective is to convert the rotational motion into the rotational motion of the rotating shaft, eliminate torque fluctuations of the piezoelectric motor, improve the reproducibility of the rotational speed, and improve reliability.

(発明の構成) 上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、ロータの
周囲に配置された複数の電歪素子の変形で上記ロ
ータが少なくとも2つの方向に往復駆動され、こ
のロータの中心部を貫通する円孔に遊嵌する回転
軸が上記ロータの往復動でその円孔の内周面に接
触して上記回転軸が回転駆動される圧電モータで
あつて、上記各電歪素子は、その一端がモータケ
ースの内壁面に固定される一方、その他端が上記
ロータの外周面とスペーサを間にして対向してお
り、このスペーサが上記ロータと滑り自在に当接
するとともに、上記各電歪素子の変形によりスペ
ーサが上記回転軸の径方向に変位するようにした
ものである。
(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a structure in which the rotor is reciprocated in at least two directions by deformation of a plurality of electrostrictive elements arranged around the rotor, and the rotor passes through the center of the rotor. The piezoelectric motor is a piezoelectric motor in which a rotary shaft loosely fitted into a circular hole contacts the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole by reciprocating motion of the rotor to drive the rotary shaft, and each of the electrostrictive elements has one end thereof. is fixed to the inner wall surface of the motor case, while the other end faces the outer circumferential surface of the rotor with a spacer in between, and this spacer is in slidable contact with the rotor, and each of the electrostrictive elements is The spacer is configured to be displaced in the radial direction of the rotating shaft due to deformation.

(実施例) 以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の実施例を説
明する。
(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

第1図および第2図において、1はロータ、2
a,2c,2c,2dは電歪素子としての圧電セ
ラミツク、3は回転軸、4はモータケースであ
る。
In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a rotor, 2
A, 2c, 2c, and 2d are piezoelectric ceramics as electrostrictive elements, 3 is a rotating shaft, and 4 is a motor case.

四角形状を有する上記ロータ1は、たとえばセ
ラミツクのように、電気絶縁性および剛性を有す
る材料からなるものである。上記ロータ1は、そ
の中心部に回転軸3の直径よりも充分大きな内径
の円孔5を有する一方、この円孔5を取り囲む四
側面には上記圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cお
よび2dの先端部が嵌入する溝6a,6b,6c
および6dが形成されている。
The rotor 1, which has a rectangular shape, is made of a material having electrical insulation and rigidity, such as ceramic. The rotor 1 has a circular hole 5 at its center with an inner diameter sufficiently larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft 3, while the four sides surrounding the circular hole 5 have the tip portions of the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d. grooves 6a, 6b, 6c into which
and 6d are formed.

上記ロータ1の外周部には相互に90度の角度間
隔をおいて円柱状の圧電セラミツク2a,2b,
2cおよび2dが配置されている。これら圧電セ
ラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび2dはいずれも
先端部および後端部に夫々電極(図示せず。)を
有しており、これら電極間に印加される電圧に
ほゞ比例してその軸方向に伸縮する。
On the outer periphery of the rotor 1, cylindrical piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b,
2c and 2d are arranged. Each of these piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d has electrodes (not shown) at the front end and rear end, respectively, and the voltage applied between the electrodes is approximately proportional to the voltage applied between the electrodes. expand and contract in the direction.

上記圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび2
dはその各後端部が横断面形状が円形のモータケ
ース4の内壁面に90度の角度間隔をおいて設けら
れた固定台座7a,7b,7cおよび7dに夫々
固定され、その各先端部はロータ1の各溝6a,
6b,6cおよび6dに夫々垂直に嵌入してい
る。上記圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび
2dはその上記各先端部とロータ1の各溝6a,
6b,6cおよび6dの底面との間にはスペーサ
8a,8b,8cおよび8dが介装されている。
The piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c and 2
d has its rear end portions fixed to fixed pedestals 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d, which are provided at angular intervals of 90 degrees on the inner wall surface of the motor case 4, which has a circular cross-sectional shape, and its respective tip portions are each groove 6a of rotor 1,
6b, 6c and 6d, respectively, vertically. The piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d have their respective tips and grooves 6a of the rotor 1,
Spacers 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d are interposed between the bottom surfaces of 6b, 6c and 6d.

上記ロータ1の円孔5には、モータケース4の
軸受部4aおよび4bに回転自在に取着された回
転軸3が遊嵌している。この回転軸3は、上記圧
電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび2dの各先
端部と各後端部との間の電極(図示せず。)に電
圧が印加されておらず、上記圧電セラミツク2
a,2b,2cおよび2dに伸縮がないときに
は、上記回転軸3の軸心がロータ1の円孔5の中
心に一致している。
A rotary shaft 3 rotatably attached to bearings 4a and 4b of a motor case 4 is loosely fitted into the circular hole 5 of the rotor 1. This rotating shaft 3 has no voltage applied to the electrodes (not shown) between each tip and rear end of the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, and the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d
When there is no expansion or contraction in a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, the axis of the rotating shaft 3 coincides with the center of the circular hole 5 of the rotor 1.

なお、上記ロータ1の円孔5の内周面とこの内
周面に対向する回転軸3の周面は摩擦係数の大き
な材料でライニングするかギヤーを切つておくこ
とが好ましい。
It is preferable that the inner circumferential surface of the circular hole 5 of the rotor 1 and the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 3 opposing this inner circumferential surface be lined with a material having a large friction coefficient or be geared.

上記のような構成を有する圧電モータにおい
て、圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび2d
の上記電極間には、第3図に示すような電圧Ea
=Asinωt、Eb=Acosωt、Ec=Asin(ωt+π)お
よびEd=Acos(ωt+π)の電圧が夫々印加され
る。
In the piezoelectric motor having the above configuration, piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d
A voltage Ea as shown in Fig. 3 is applied between the above electrodes.
=Asinωt, Eb=Acosωt, Ec=Asin(ωt+π), and Ed=Acos(ωt+π) voltages are applied, respectively.

圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび2dの
上記電極間に、このような電圧Ea,Eb,Ecおよ
びEdが印加されると、その大きさに比例して上
記圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび2dは
伸縮し、ロータ1は、圧電セラミツク2a,2
b,2cおよび2dの上記電極間にEa,Eb,Ec
およびEdが印加されていない第4図aに示す状
態から、第3図の時刻t1,t2,t3およびt4におい
て夫々第4図b、第4図c、第4図dおよび第4
図eに示すように変位し、この変位によつてロー
タ1の円孔5の内周面が回転軸3の周面に絶えず
接触し、その間の摩擦もしくはギヤーの噛合によ
り、上記回転軸3が回転する。
When such voltages Ea, Eb, Ec and Ed are applied between the electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d, the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d will The rotor 1 expands and contracts, and the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2
Ea, Eb, Ec between the above electrodes b, 2c and 2d
4b, 4c, 4d and 4d at times t 1 , t 2 , t 3 and t 4 in FIG. 3 , respectively, from the state shown in FIG. 4
Due to this displacement, the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole 5 of the rotor 1 constantly contacts the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3, and due to the friction between them or the meshing of the gears, the rotating shaft 3 Rotate.

上記圧電モータでは、圧電セラミツク2a,2
b,2cおよび2dの伸縮が単純なるロータ1の
往復動に変換され、このロータの動きが回転軸3
の回転に変換されるため、圧電セラミツク2a,
2b,2cおよび2dとロータ1との間の摩擦係
数の変化等によつてトルク変動が発生したり回転
数の再現性が低下するといつたこともなくすこと
ができる。
In the piezoelectric motor described above, piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2
The expansion and contraction of b, 2c and 2d is converted into a simple reciprocating motion of the rotor 1, and this rotor movement is
Since the rotation of the piezoelectric ceramic 2a,
It is possible to eliminate the occurrence of torque fluctuations or decreases in the reproducibility of the rotational speed due to changes in the coefficient of friction between the rotor 1 and the rotor 1 and the rotor 1.

上記実施例において、圧電セラミツク2a,2
b,2cおよび2dのうち、たとえば第5図に示
すように、圧電セラミツク2aおよび2dに夫々
対向する圧電セラミツク2bおよび2cとしてコ
イルバネ11および12を使用するようにしても
よい。このようにすれば、圧電モータは2相の電
圧EaとEdにより駆動することができる。
In the above embodiment, piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2
Among the piezoelectric ceramics 2b, 2c, and 2d, coil springs 11 and 12 may be used as the piezoelectric ceramics 2b and 2c facing the piezoelectric ceramics 2a and 2d, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5, for example. In this way, the piezoelectric motor can be driven by two-phase voltages Ea and Ed.

また、圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび
2dの伸縮量が小さい場合は、第6図に示すよう
に、油圧シリンダ13内に圧電セラミツク2a,
2b,2cおよび2dを浸漬し、この油圧シリン
ダ13の小径部13aに出没自在に取り付けたピ
ストン14によつてロータ1を駆動することもで
きる。
Furthermore, if the amount of expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d is small, the piezoelectric ceramics 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d may be placed inside the hydraulic cylinder 13, as shown in FIG.
2b, 2c, and 2d are immersed, and the rotor 1 can also be driven by a piston 14 attached to the small diameter portion 13a of the hydraulic cylinder 13 so as to be retractable.

次に、本発明のいま一つの実施例を第7図およ
び第8図に示す。
Next, another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

第7図および第8図に示す圧電モータは、第1
図および第2図において説明した圧電モータにお
いて、圧電セラミツク2a,2b,2cおよび2
dに代えて電圧を印加することによりベンデイン
グが発生する圧電バイモルフ15a,15b,1
5cおよび15dを電歪素子として使用したもの
で、重複を避けるために第1図および第2図に対
応する部分には同一の符号を付してその説明は省
略する。
The piezoelectric motor shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has a first
In the piezoelectric motor explained in FIG. 2 and FIG.
Piezoelectric bimorphs 15a, 15b, 1 in which bending occurs by applying a voltage instead of d
5c and 15d are used as electrostrictive elements, and in order to avoid duplication, the same reference numerals are given to the parts corresponding to those in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

上記圧電バイモルフ15a,15b,15cお
よび15dはいずれもその後端部がモータケース
4に固定され、そのベンデイングによつて先端部
がロータ1を、第4図aから第4図eを使用して
説明したのと全く同様に往復駆動し、回転軸3を
回転させることができる。
The piezoelectric bimorphs 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d all have their rear ends fixed to the motor case 4, and their bending causes their tips to connect to the rotor 1. It is possible to reciprocate and rotate the rotating shaft 3 in exactly the same way as above.

以上の実施例において、ロータ1を四角形から
6角形、8角形、……等の多角形として多相の電
圧で駆動することもできる。
In the embodiments described above, the rotor 1 can also be formed into a polygonal shape from a quadrangle to a hexagonal shape, an octagonal shape, etc., and be driven by multiphase voltages.

(発明の効果) 以上、詳述したことからも明らかなように、本
発明は、一端をモータケースの内壁面に固定して
なる各電歪素子の他端のスペーサがロータに滑り
自在に当接し、各電歪素子の変形により、スペー
サを回転軸の径方向に変位させて、電歪素子の変
形を単純なロータの往復動に変換した後このロー
タの往復動を回転軸の回転運動に変換するように
したから、スペーサとロータとの滑りにより、回
転軸の回転や電歪素子とロータとの間の摩擦等に
殆ど影響されることはなく、トルク変動が少な
く、回転数の再現性の良好な信頼性の高い圧電モ
ータを得ることができる。
(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the detailed description above, the present invention provides a structure in which the spacer at the other end of each electrostrictive element, whose one end is fixed to the inner wall surface of the motor case, is slidably attached to the rotor. The deformation of each electrostrictive element displaces the spacer in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, converts the deformation of the electrostrictive element into a simple reciprocating motion of the rotor, and then converts this reciprocating motion of the rotor into rotational motion of the rotating shaft. Since it is converted, it is hardly affected by the rotation of the rotating shaft or the friction between the electrostrictive element and the rotor due to the slippage between the spacer and the rotor, and the torque fluctuation is small and the reproducibility of the rotation speed is improved. A good and reliable piezoelectric motor can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明に係る圧電モータの一実施例の
縦断面図、第2図は第1図の−線方向断面
図、第3図は第1図の圧電モータの駆動電圧波形
図、第4図a、第4図b、第4図c、第4図dお
よび第4図eは夫々第1図の圧電モータの動作説
明図、第5図は第1図の圧電モータの変形例の説
明図、第6図は油圧を使用する実施例の油圧シリ
ンダ、ピストンおよび圧電セラミツク部分の説明
図、第7図は本発明に係るいま一つの実施例の縦
断面図、第8図は第7図の−線方向断面図で
ある。 1……ロータ、2a,2b,2c,2d……圧
電セラミツク、3……回転軸、4……モータケー
ス、5……円孔、6a,6b,6c,6d……
溝、8a,8b,8c,8d……スペーサ、1
1,12……コイルバネ、13……油圧シリン
ダ、14……ピストン、15a,15b,15
c,15d……圧電バイモルフ。
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the piezoelectric motor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view in the - line direction of FIG. 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d and 4e are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the piezoelectric motor in FIG. 1, respectively, and FIG. 5 is a modification of the piezoelectric motor in FIG. 1. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, and a piezoelectric ceramic part of an embodiment using hydraulic pressure, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the - line direction of the figure. 1... Rotor, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d... Piezoelectric ceramic, 3... Rotating shaft, 4... Motor case, 5... Circular hole, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d...
Groove, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d...Spacer, 1
1, 12...Coil spring, 13...Hydraulic cylinder, 14...Piston, 15a, 15b, 15
c, 15d...Piezoelectric bimorph.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 ロータの周囲に配置された複数の電歪素子の
変形で上記ロータが少なくとも2つの方向に往復
駆動され、このロータの中心部を貫通する円孔に
遊嵌する回転軸が上記ロータの往復動でその円孔
の内周面に接触して上記回転軸が回転駆動される
圧電モータであつて、 上記各電歪素子は、その一端がモータケースの
内壁面に固定される一方、その他端が上記ロータ
の外周面とスペーサを間にして対向しており、こ
のスペーサが上記ロータと滑り自在に当接すると
ともに、上記各電歪素子の変形によりスペーサが
上記回転軸の径方向に変位することを特徴とする
圧電モータ。
[Claims] 1. The rotor is reciprocated in at least two directions by deformation of a plurality of electrostrictive elements arranged around the rotor, and a rotating shaft loosely fits into a circular hole passing through the center of the rotor. is a piezoelectric motor in which the rotary shaft is rotationally driven by contact with the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole by the reciprocating motion of the rotor, and each of the electrostrictive elements has one end fixed to the inner wall surface of the motor case. On the other hand, the other end faces the outer circumferential surface of the rotor with a spacer in between, and the spacer contacts the rotor in a slidable manner, and the deformation of each electrostrictive element causes the spacer to adjust to the diameter of the rotating shaft. A piezoelectric motor characterized by displacement in a direction.
JP59013600A 1984-01-28 1984-01-28 Piezoelectric motor Granted JPS60160384A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59013600A JPS60160384A (en) 1984-01-28 1984-01-28 Piezoelectric motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59013600A JPS60160384A (en) 1984-01-28 1984-01-28 Piezoelectric motor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60160384A JPS60160384A (en) 1985-08-21
JPH0534908B2 true JPH0534908B2 (en) 1993-05-25

Family

ID=11837701

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59013600A Granted JPS60160384A (en) 1984-01-28 1984-01-28 Piezoelectric motor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60160384A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH083787Y2 (en) * 1988-02-26 1996-01-31 株式会社島津製作所 Butterfly valve
US5079471A (en) * 1990-06-04 1992-01-07 Martin Marietta Corporation High torque harmonic traction motor
DE102006027408A1 (en) 2006-06-13 2007-12-20 Siemens Ag A solid-state actuator drive device, method of driving a solid-state drive device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6022477A (en) * 1983-07-15 1985-02-04 Teijin Seiki Co Ltd Step motor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6022477A (en) * 1983-07-15 1985-02-04 Teijin Seiki Co Ltd Step motor

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