JPH05337441A - Screening device for crushed waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the screening device which improves a sieve screening property and can efficiently separate and expel ductile materials by blowing screening air between upper and lower sieve racks and air screening and removing lightweight materials by the screening air blown up from the leaking down holes of the upper sieve rack. CONSTITUTION:While industrial waste consisting of a mixture composed of various kinds of materials flows down on the coarsely meshed upper sieve rack 2, the waste is sieved and screened by the oscillating action when the waste is subjected to a crushing treatment by a crusher and is supplied to one end of the upper sieve rack 2 of the screening device 1. The waste which does not leak from the leaking down holes further flows down successively on the screens. The waste leaking down therefrom falls onto the small-meshed lower sieve rack 3 and is air screened while the waste flows down this rack. The screening air is blown between the upper and lower sieve racks 2 and 3 by a fan 13 from one end to air screen the leaking down materials falling down toward the lower stage. The air simultaneously blows upward from the leaking down holes of the upper sieve rack 2 and blows up and separates the paper pieces in the materials to be screened and the crushed pieces of the plastic films kicked up by the oscillation effect. These pieces are moved and removed to the other side.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing industrial waste and selecting it.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, crockery, stone, glass, brick, metal, plastic, rubber, film, cardboard, or
It is already known to crush industrial waste consisting of a mixture of fiber scraps and the like, and to sort this with a sieve sorter.

[0003]

The objects to be sorted by the known crushed waste sorting device are those that can be granulated in the crushing process, those that are flexible and difficult, and those that have different specific gravities. Since there is a significant difference in physical properties, it is possible to select brittle materials such as crockery, stones, bricks or glass by sieving and reclaim it, or reuse it as aggregate of concrete or waste stone of foundation, plastic, paper etc. , Or ductile materials such as fiber scraps are difficult to be subdivided, which is an obstacle to sieve selection, and sufficient blowing cannot be performed only by air selection at the stage of being discharged from the sorting apparatus.

[0004]

According to the present invention, at least two upper and lower sifter shelves are oscillatably installed so that an object to be sorted is sieved while being transferred from one to the other. Install a blower at one end of the upper sieve rack to blow the sorting air between the upper and lower sieve shelves, and configure it to wind-select and remove the lightweight items by the sorting wind blown up from the leakage holes of the upper sieve rack. Thus, the above-mentioned problems were solved by improving the sieve selection performance and efficiently separating and removing the ductile material.

[0005]

[Function] Industrial waste consisting of a mixture of various materials is crushed by a crusher, and when this treated product is supplied to one end of the upper sieve shelf of the sorting apparatus, the material to be sorted is in the coarse upper sieve shelf. As it flows down, it is screened by the rocking action, and if it does not leak from the leak hole, it will flow down further on the mesh one by one, and if it leaks, it will fall on the lower sieve shelf with a small mesh and will be screened while flowing down. It At that time, the sorting air is blown from one end side between the upper and lower sieve shelves by this blower, and this sorting air sifts down the leaked substances that drop toward the lower stage and the leakage of the upper sieve shelf. Blows upwards from the hole and blows up due to the swinging action.Scraps of paper and crushed pieces of plastic film in the object to be sorted are blown up and separated, and then moved to the other side to be removed, improving sorting performance and sorting accuracy. To do.

[0006]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a sieve sorting apparatus 1 comprises an upper sieve shelf 2 composed of a punching plate having a large number of holes of 40 mm in diameter. , A lower sieve shelf 3 consisting of a punching plate having a large number of holes with a diameter of 20 mm, and a side plate 4,
4 is installed by inclining so that the delivery side becomes higher, and by rotating the eccentric wheel 5 clockwise in the figure, the eccentric wheel 5 is thrown upward rightward in the upward stroke while shifting to the right. By repeating the downward movement while moving from this state to the left side, the objects to be sorted are rocked so as to sequentially move to the right side, and a large number of front and rear spaces are provided on the upper surfaces of the sieve shelves 2 and 3. The horizontal rails 6 ...

A first discharge funnel 7 is provided below the sieve selection device 1, a second discharge cylinder 8 is provided below the supply side (left side), and a third discharge shelf 3 is provided below the delivery side. A fourth discharge cylinder 10 communicating with the discharge cylinder 9 and the upper sieve shelf 2 is provided, and a top and a top plate 11 constitute a sorting chamber 12 closed except for the lower part. Further, the discharge port of the blower 13 arranged between the third discharge cylinder 9 and the fourth discharge cylinder 10 is connected to the upper and lower sieve shelves 2, 3
Between the screen shelves 2 and 3 so that the sorting air is blown between them. The side plate of the second discharge cylinder 8 has a fan 1 with an inverter.
5 is connected to the discharge port, and a flow plate 16 is provided above the discharge port to let the material falling from the supply side end of the upper sieve shelf 2 flow down to the other side, and below the flow plate 16 by adjusting the inclination angle back and forth. Lighter flammable shredder such as paper, corrugated cardboard, or heat insulating mat (for example, Styrofoam) and flammable shredder with relatively large specific gravity such as vinyl chloride, rubber or small piece plastic. A separating plate 17 is provided, a feeding conveyor 18 is installed above and inside the separating plate 17, and an intake damper 19 is attached to the top plate 11.

Iron, aluminum, copper, other metals, mortar, concrete, bricks, tiles, pottery, boards, stones, asphalt, roof tiles are contained in the waste generated when the house is demolished or at the construction site. Incombustible materials such as asbestos slate, wood chips, paper chips, fiber chips, corrugated cardboard, plastics, PVC pipes, heat insulating materials, and synthetic resin films are contained as a mixture, and crushed by the crusher 20. Then, magnetic substances such as iron scraps in the processed product carried out by the conveyor 21 are removed by the magnetic separator 22 and then charged on the starting end of the sieve sorting apparatus 1 by the charging conveyor 18.

The sieve sorter 1 sorts the objects to be sorted in the upward and rightward upwards by repeating forward and backward swinging, and sieves the sorted objects. It is thrown from the right end and dropped into the fourth discharge cylinder 10, which is returned to the supply conveyor 20a of the crusher 20 by the return conveyor and recrushed, and the leaked material is sieved by the lower sieve shelf 3 The remaining 20 mm or more is thrown into the third discharge tube 9 from the end, and the leaked incombustible material having a relatively large specific gravity of 0 to 20 mm is collected by the first discharge funnel 7 and is located below it. The sorting air that has accumulated and is discharged from the blower 13 during that time flows between the upper and lower sieve shelves 2 and 3 to the left, and a part of it is changed diagonally upward by the wind direction plate 2a, and the holes of the upper sieve shelves 2 are sequentially arranged. Blows upwards from the The objects to be sorted that have been thrown up in a floating state are selected by wind, and those that are relatively light and flexible, such as vinyl chloride sheets and paper scraps, that are mixed therein and that are insufficiently crushed, are blown out. It is possible to improve the sieve selection performance, and the lightweight material that has floated to the surface layer slides or rolls over the layer to be sorted under the influence of the sorting wind and moves to the sending side. 2 Drop into the discharge tube 8.

Those falling from the lower end of the upper sieve shelf 2 and flowing down on the flow plate 16 and those falling from the lower end of the lower sieve shelf 3 are wind-selected by the sorting air discharged from the fan 15, It is divided into front and rear by a separating plate 17, and light flammable parts a such as wood chips, paper, corrugated paper, and heat insulating mat are accumulated on the front side, and divided pieces of vinyl chloride sheet, rubber pieces, plastic molding are on the opposite side. Small pieces b of the product are accumulated. Thus, the cyclone 25 includes the intake damper 19 on the top plate of the sorting chamber 12, the exhaust port 26 provided on the upper side surface of the second discharge cylinder 8, and the hood 27 covering the conveyor 21 from the discharge port of the crusher 20. An air blower 29 that sucks and collects dust, separates and discharges dust downward, and the exhaust gas is blown into a washing booth 28 having a stirring device to further remove fine dust and sucks the upper end of the washing booth 28. Supplies the sucked air to the blower 13 under pressure to circulate it.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment. The above-mentioned industrial waste crushed by the crusher 20 is the magnetic separator 22.
The magnetic material removed by the above is taken out to the outside by the separating plate 30 and the other ones are supplied to the sieve selecting device 1. This sieve selecting device 1 has the same leakage holes and wind direction plates as those in the above-mentioned embodiment. 2a ... has an upper sieve shelf 2 and a lower sieve shelf 3,
They are inclined downward so as to swing and sort the objects to be sorted, and the blower 13 also serves as an exhauster for sucking the washing booth 28, and the sorting air discharged is the upper discharge port. The air is blown from the upper side of the upper shelves 2 and between the upper and lower sieve shelves 2 and 3 by being divided by the air distribution pipe 34 having the middle discharge tube 32, the middle discharge tube 32, and the lower discharge tube 33, and the lower discharge port 33
The sorting wind blown out from the air blows off the leaked matter and is changed obliquely upward by the wind direction plate 2a ... And blows upward from the leakage hole of the upper sieve shelf 2 to be floated by the swinging action. The sorted items are wind-selected and the light ones are blown out to be floated.
The sorting air blown out from and the throwing action due to the rocking move sequentially to the right side and are thrown and discharged from the end.

Then, what remains on the lower sieve shelf 3 is thrown from the lower end thereof, and what has leaked is collected while dropping in the first discharge funnel 7 and is carried out by the conveyor 35, and the upper and lower sieve shelves are collected. Those thrown from the ends of 2 and 3 are wind-selected by the sorting wind blown from the discharge cylinder 37 provided at the lower end of the lower sieve shelf 3 and communicating with the blower 36, and are formed by the blower 36. Below the air passage, there are provided a third discharge cylinder 9 into which particles having a particle diameter of 20 to 40 mm are dropped, and a fourth discharge cylinder 10 and a second discharge cylinder 8 which receive particles having a particle diameter of 40 mm or more. Third discharge cylinder 9 and fourth discharge cylinder 1
0 above and between the fourth discharge cylinder 10 and the second discharge cylinder 8 above, adjustment plates 38 and 39 are rotatably pivoted back and forth, respectively, and the second discharge cylinder 8 is vertically moved. Two-stage open / close plate 40,
The cyclone 25 provided on the outer side of the second discharge cylinder 8 sucks the air passage above the second discharge cylinder 8, and the exhaust gas is blown into the water-washing booth 28, and the cyclone 25 is provided.
The dust accumulated inside can be taken out by opening and closing the rotary valve attached to the lower part.

Further, when the paper, wood chips, etc., which have a medium specific gravity and are not sucked by the cyclone and are deposited on the upper part of the second discharge cylinder 8, the lower opening / closing plate 41 is closed, and in this state, the upper opening / closing plate 40 is closed. Is opened and dropped on the lower opening / closing plate 41, the upper opening / closing plate 40 is closed, and then the lower opening / closing plate 41 is opened to take out in a batch system, and this discharge is supplied to the throwing and sorting device 43 by the conveyor 42. . The throwing and selecting device 43 comprises a lower roll 45 having a smooth peripheral surface and an upper roll 46 having a large number of needle-like projections on the peripheral surface, which are opposed to each other with a slight gap therebetween, and the rolls 45, 46 are rotated. By doing so, light items such as paper scraps and vinyl films are blown away, and heavy items such as wood chips and small pieces of synthetic resin fall nearby and are carried out by separate conveyors 47 and 48, respectively, and the fourth discharge cylinder 10 is ejected. The particles having a particle size of 40 mm or more that have fallen into the are returned to the crusher 20 by the return conveyor 49 and re-crushed.

[0014]

According to the present invention, at least upper and lower two stages of sieve shelves 2 and 3 are oscillatably installed so that non-sorted matter is transferred from one side to the other to perform sieve selection. An air blower 13 is provided on one end side of the sieve shelves 2 and 3 to blow the sorting air between the upper and lower sieve shelves 2 and 3 and to blow light from the leak holes of the upper sieve shelves 2 to select the lightweight items. Since it is configured to be removed, a combustible material such as paper, a synthetic resin film or the like that is lightweight but difficult to be finely pulverized by the crusher 20 and a combustible material that can be subdivided to some extent like wood but is lightweight. ,
Industry that becomes a mixture of materials with significantly different physical properties, such as molded synthetic resin, which has a relatively large specific gravity but can be subdivided, concrete, stone, which can be subdivided and has a large specific gravity, etc. The crushed material of the waste can be reliably separated and separated according to the size of the particle size or the area, the size of the specific gravity, or the like by the sieve selection and the air selection.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sorting machine in which a crusher is provided in series.

FIG. 2 is a side view of another embodiment of the same as above.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a sieve sorting device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a throwing and sorting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Sieve Sorting Device 2 Upper Sieve Shelf 3 Lower Sieve Shelf 6 Side Rail 7 First Discharge Funnel 8 Second Discharge Cylinder 9 Third Discharge Cylinder 10 Fourth Discharge Cylinder 12 Sorting Chamber 13 Blower 17 Separation Plate 20 Crusher 28 Washing Booth

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. At least two upper and lower sieve shelves 2 and 3 are oscillatably constructed so as to perform screening by transferring unsorted materials from one side to the other. , 3 is provided with a blower 13 at one end side to pass the sorting air to the upper and lower sieve shelves 2.3.
A crushed waste sorting device, characterized in that it is configured to wind-select and remove a light-weight material by means of a sorting wind that is blown in between and blown up from a leak hole of the upper sieve shelf 2.