JPH0533408A - Triangular segment for building and that using above segment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct a building having excellent durability in a simple structure by mutually joining many pieces of triangular segments made of ceramics or high strength concrete to assemble them in a hemispheric or a semicylindrical shape. CONSTITUTION:A triangular segment 1 is formed of ceramics or high strength concrete having previously mixed reinforcing fiber into a triangular plane. Each side part of the segment 1 is provided with a tenon 2 and a mortice 3 to join the segment 1 to a similar adjacent one. Many pieces of the segments 1 are mutually joined by fitting the tenon 2 in the mortice 3, and assembled in a hemispheric or a semicylinclrical shape for constructing a building.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a triangular segment used in a building and a building constructed using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In constructing a strong structure such as a concrete structure, a method of driving fresh concrete into a structure surrounded by a weir plate at a construction site to construct the structure, and a stone material There is a method of constructing a building by combining solid materials such as concrete and blocks. The former method has the advantage that even if it is a laterally widened portion such as a beam or roof, for example, by arranging reinforcing bars in advance, considerable strength durability can be obtained, but at the time of its construction It is necessary to make a building formwork with a weir plate, etc., and to perform detailed construction by driving fresh concrete into the formwork and removing the formwork with the weir plate etc. after aging the fresh concrete. For that reason, in order to construct one structure, it was necessary to construct a structure of the same size twice, which was very costly in terms of labor and time.

On the contrary, since the latter construction method uses solid materials, it is not necessary to form a scaffold, etc., but the loss of constructing a construction of the same scale like the former twice. Therefore, it is very economical in terms of labor and time, but it has the drawback that when constructing a laterally wide part such as a roof with this method, it is not possible to expect too high durability. It was

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to construct a strong building by using a fluid or plastic material such as concrete in the lateral direction of the building. High durability can be obtained even in the expanded part, but it is very costly, and the construction that combines solid blocks and stones does not cost the above. Instead, the problem is to improve the strength of a horizontally extending portion such as a roof.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and a building material for solving the above problems and enabling the construction of a durable construction similar to concrete construction using a solid material, and the material. A mortise and mortise for connecting each side of a triangular segment made of ceramic or high-strength concrete into a triangular plate with adjacent similar triangular segments. A triangular segment for a structure having a structure provided with a structure and a structure using the triangular segment, which can be constructed with a small amount of labor and in a short time, and the weight of the structure itself or the earth pressure in the underground shell, etc. Since it is dispersed in the direction, a building that can withstand high external pressure can be obtained even in a laterally wide area such as a roof. If implemented in buildings or underground shell or the like in many areas is particularly useful invention.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. First, in the present invention, it is preferable to use ceramic or high strength concrete as a material. As the ceramic, a sintered ceramic or a melt-cast ceramic can be used, and Table 1 shows a characteristic table of typical examples thereof.

[Table 1] Example 1 is a typical value of lithium aluminosilicate melt-cast ceramics. Example 2 is a typical value of silicon carbide sintered ceramics.

Here, a method of manufacturing the melt-cast ceramic segment will be described. As the method, a ceramic raw material is melted, the melt is poured into a refractory mold and cooled, and then the melt-cast ceramics is demolded into segments, or the refractory mold is filled. A method of using the as-melted cast ceramics as a segment is mentioned. In these methods, preferably, a refractory short fiber for reinforcement (for example, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber such as alumina fiber, high melting point metal fiber, etc.) is added to the melt during injection into the mold, It is possible to obtain a melt-cast ceramic segment in which reinforcing short fibers are uniformly distributed. Furthermore, the following methods can be mentioned as other methods. That is, ceramic powder and short fibers are supplied in a thin layer state to a refractory mold being heated, first one layer is melted, then the next one layer is supplied and melted, and then a new layer is further formed. A layer of melt-cast ceramics having a constant thickness and containing short fibers is obtained by supplying one layer to melt and melting, repeating such operations, and then cooling. Even in this case, as in the above method,
The melt-cast ceramics may be demolded from the refractory mold, or an integrated product of the refractory mold and the melt-cast ceramics may be directly used as a segment.

As a method for producing a concrete segment, a method of injecting a paste-like mixture of cement, aggregate and water into a mold and curing and curing to obtain a segment having a constant shape can be mentioned according to a conventional method. However, also in this case, it is also preferable to mix various reinforcing short fibers. Furthermore, in order to block the invasion of radiation, it is also possible to use an aggregate made of a metal ore, for example, heavy concrete using magnetite, hematite, garnet, etc.

FIGS. 1 (1) and 1 (2) are perspective views of a triangular segment according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawings, the triangular segment 1 of the present invention has a substantially triangular flat plate shape as a whole. And each side of the mortise 2 and mortise 3
(Or key and keyway).

Next, in order to form a sintered ceramic triangular segment, for example, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 2, the triangular segment 1 has the inside of the shape shown in FIG. Using a mold 4 configured to be dismantled, the mold 4 is filled with a ceramic raw material powder 5, compressed, taken out, dried and then sintered to obtain a triangular segment having the shape shown in FIG. be able to. In addition, FIG. 3 (1)
As shown in FIG. 5, a mold 4 ′ having an inner shape corresponding to several triangular segments of the present invention and having side walls that can be disassembled in the outer direction is used, and a triangle previously kneaded in the mold 4 ′. The ceramic raw material powder 5 for one segment is filled and compressed, and then, as shown in (2) of the same figure, a release agent powder (for example, alumina powder) 6 is formed on the ceramic raw material powder 5 to a predetermined thickness. Then, the ceramic raw material powder 5 for one triangular segment is filled in the same manner as above, and this process is repeated a required number of times.
Since a non-sintered triangular segment is obtained by disassembling and removing it, a large number of sintered ceramic triangular segments can also be manufactured by drying and then sintering at high temperature. By mixing reinforcing fibers such as alumina fibers and carbon fibers in the ceramic raw material powder, it is possible to obtain a strong triangular segment that is not cracked by impact, vibration or the like.

The triangular segment having the above-mentioned structure is used for a building as follows. That is,
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a building using the triangular segment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, a tenon and a tenon (or a key and a tenon) provided on each side of the triangular segment of the present invention are shown. Key grooves) are combined with adjacent similar triangular segments while being combined to form the outer periphery of a hemispherical building. However, the shape of the outer periphery of the building is not limited to the hemispherical shape as described above, and may be a semi-cylindrical shape.

Since the present invention is constructed in the shape of a triangular flat plate as described above, it is possible to combine them into a hemispherical shape or a semi-cylindrical shape as described above without any gap. Further, as described above, since the triangular segments adjacent to each other are connected by the tenon and the tenon provided on the side portion of each triangular segment, as shown in the embodiment in FIG. In addition to a triangle segment with a tenon on one side and a tenon on the other side, a triangle segment with a tenon on two sides and a tenon on the other side is also available Will be required.

However, it is not necessary to prepare a material having a different shape for each member constituting a building like a stone building, and the triangular ceramics having the same shape as described above and each side thereof Since the entire outer circumference of the building can be constructed using materials that differ only in the number of mortises and tenons provided in the part,
The work is greatly simplified in terms of the work of collecting and transporting the materials.

If the outer periphery of the hemispherical or kamaboko-shaped building is formed by the triangular segment of the present invention as described above, the weight of the triangular segment itself works in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. In the same way that the self-weight of the segment in the arch of the above acts on the stones on both sides, the force acts in the direction of each adjacent triangular segment, and the force in the direction of the arrow is distributed in the circumferential direction of the building. ,
Since each triangular segment acts only as a compressive force in the horizontal direction, the building using the triangular segment of the present invention exhibits strong durability.

Further, as described above, since the tenon and the mortise for connecting with the adjacent similar segments are provided on the sides of each triangular segment, the tenon and the tenon are used to form the adjacent triangular segments. Since the triangle segments of the present invention will not come off due to the weight of the sphere shown in FIG. 4 in the direction of the arrow or earth pressure, etc. On the other hand, it shows higher durability.

[0016] In particular, if the building of the above-mentioned shape using the triangular segment of the present invention is applied to the underground shell, it will sufficiently withstand earth pressure due to the above reasons. In that case, materials, equipment, etc. In the underground where it is inconvenient to carry in and out, it is necessary to construct a weir plate and a strong scaffold for assembling it in a structure using the triangular segment of the present invention, like a normal concrete structure. Therefore, the construction material and the construction are more suitable for the above purpose.

[0017]

As described in detail above, since the segment of the present invention is a triangular flat plate, if a building is constructed using this, a large number of them can be used even though they have the same shape. Then, they are arranged in a hemispherical shape or a semi-cylindrical shape without a gap, and no other filling material is required.

Since each side portion of the flat-plate-shaped segment of the present invention is provided with a tenon or mortise for connecting with adjacent similar triangular segments, these are used to construct a building. In this case, it is sufficient to assemble it to the shape of the outer periphery of the building while connecting it to each adjacent segment, and it is not necessary to construct a scaffold with high durability, so compared to the construction of the building using concrete, etc. The construction work is greatly simplified.

Moreover, for the above-mentioned reason, even in the case of a building including a roof, the entire outer periphery thereof can be constituted by the triangular segment of the present invention, and the drawbacks of the conventional construction method using a combination of solid materials. Is also removed. Further, as described above, in the structure constructed by using the triangular segment of the present invention, since the adjacent segments are firmly bound by the tenon and the tenon, the weight of each segment itself or the underground shell is There is no danger that the combination of each segment will fall off due to earth pressure etc. in the case of execution, the weight and earth pressure all act as a compressive force acting on each segment as described above, since they work in the direction of each adjacent segment. The structure is simple, but it has high durability.

Further, the entire outer circumference of the building needs to be made of the same material (however, the shapes of the mortise and the mortise have two types of shapes, and there is a need for an accessory at the end, etc.). As a subtle exception)
.Since no complicated work is required for preparing necessary materials and for construction work, the work is greatly simplified.

Similarly, since it is possible to construct a building with only lightweight, short and small members, and it is not necessary to directly transport materials and equipment that are not necessary for constructing the building, such as weir boards. The amount of necessary materials to be transported is extremely small, and therefore, its advantage can be exerted even more in the construction of structures on the moon, high mountains, and deep underground.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a triangular segment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a part of the manufacturing process of the triangular segment of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a part of a manufacturing process of a triangular segment of another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a building constructed with triangular segments.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Triangular segment according to the embodiment of the present invention 2 mortise 3 mortise 4 formwork 4 ′ Formwork other than the above 5 Ceramic raw material powder 6 Release agent powder

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location 9023-2E E04C 1/10 A

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A construction characterized in that a tenon and a mortise hole are provided on each side of a segment formed of a ceramic or high-strength concrete in a triangular flat plate shape so as to be connected to an adjacent similar triangular segment. Triangular segment for goods. 2. A triangular segment for a building, comprising the ceramic or high-strength concrete according to claim 1 and reinforcing fibers mixed therein in advance. 3. A building characterized in that a large number of triangular segments according to claim 1 or 2 are connected to each other by mortises and mortises and are combined in a hemispherical shape or a semi-cylindrical shape.