JPH0533296B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0533296B2 JPH0533296B2 JP60118850A JP11885085A JPH0533296B2 JP H0533296 B2 JPH0533296 B2 JP H0533296B2 JP 60118850 A JP60118850 A JP 60118850A JP 11885085 A JP11885085 A JP 11885085A JP H0533296 B2 JPH0533296 B2 JP H0533296B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- contact
- weight
- oxide
- zinc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ASMQPJTXPYCZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Cd+2].[Ag+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Cd+2].[Ag+] ASMQPJTXPYCZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DUCFBDUJLLKKPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Zn++].[Ag+] Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[Ag+] DUCFBDUJLLKKPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Cd+2] CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
- H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は電気接点材料に係り、特に銀−酸化物
系接点材料に係る。
（従来の技術）
銀−酸化物系接点材料としては、従来、銀−酸
化カドミウム材料が汎用されて来た。
しかしながら、カドミウム公害が社会的問題と
してクローズアツプされて来たために、既に公知
であつた銀−酸化亜鉛材料に代表されるカドミウ
ムを含まない多くの銀−酸化物系材料が銀−酸化
カドミウム材料に代つて使用されるようになつて
いる。
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
従来のこの銀−酸化亜鉛材料は毒性に問題はな
く従つて環境汚染をもたらす虞れはないが、銀−
酸化カドミウム材料と比較する場合に接点材料と
して重要な特性である耐溶着性、耐消耗性等が劣
ると謂う欠陥を有している。
従つて、本発明の目的は、銀−酸化物系接点材
料であつて、公害問題を生ずる虞れがなく、しか
も接点材料として要求される諸特性に関して銀−
酸化カドミウム材料に匹敵又はこれを凌駕する接
点材料を提供することにある。
（問題点を解決するための手段及び作用）
本発明によれば、亜鉛が１〜15重量％、アンチ
モンが0.5〜５重量％、希土類元素が0.01〜１重
量％、残部が銀の割合で合金化させ、その後に内
部酸化処理して上記亜鉛、アンチモン及び希土類
元素成分を酸化物化した銀−酸化物系接点材料に
より、上記問題点は解決されると共に本発明の上
記目的が達成されるのである。
本発明による接点材料がその構成成分比ではな
く配合成分比で特定されているのは、亜鉛、アン
チモン及び希土類元素（例えばランタン）が酸化
処理後においてはそれぞれZnO、Sb2O3及び
La2O3にて示される酸化物状態を呈しているもの
であるが酸化物の形での定量的な同定が難しいか
らである。
本発明による接点材料における副原料成分の量
限定は下記理由に基くものである。
亜鉛：１重量％以下の配合量では接点材料として
用いる場合に所要特性に急激な低下が生じ、一
方15重量％以上配合すれば加工性が著しく低下
する。
アンチモン：0.5重量％以下の配合量では接点特
性の改善に寄与せず、５重量％以上では加工性
に急激な低下を招く。
希土類元素：この成分はその極めて大きな酸素と
の親和力を利用して酸化亜鉛及び酸化アンチモ
ンの微細化、球状化、均一分散をもたらし、こ
れによつて接点特性を改善するために配合され
るが、0.01重量％以下ではその効果が明確には
発現されず、一方１重量％以上ではその酸化物
が結晶粒界に析出して接点材料特性に不利な影
響が現われ、又加工性が著しく低下するからで
ある。
（実施例）
亜鉛４重量％、アンチモン1.5重量％、ランタ
ン0.2重量％、残部銀の割合で金属材料を溶解炉
に装填し、アルゴンガス雰囲気下で溶解し、次い
で慣用の伸線工程により線材となした（この場合
に希土類元素は周知の通り極めて酸化され易いた
めに、ランタンは予め銀と合金化させた母合金の
形で溶解炉内に装填された）。
次いで、得たる線材を650〜800℃の温度で内部
酸化処理を施こし、その後に頭径2.5mmのリベツ
ト状接点に加工して試験用試料を作製した。
一方、試験用対照試料としての銀−酸化カドミ
ウム材料はカドミウム12重量％、残部銀の割合で
金属材料を溶解し、上記と同様に線材化し、内部
酸化処理を施こし、次いで2.5mmのリベツト状接
点に加工して作製した。
これら各試料について、下記の条件下に試験を
行ない、耐溶着性、耐消耗性、接触抵抗及び温度
上昇につき調べた処、耐消耗性及び接触抵抗に関
しては両者間に有意の差は見られなかつたが下表
に示される通り、本発明による接点材料は従来の
銀−酸化カドミウム材料よりも耐溶着性において
著しく優れ、温度上昇も低く抑え得ることがで
き、また開閉に伴なつて接点部に生成付着するカ
ーボン量も少ないことが判明した。
試験条件
電圧、電流：AC120V、定常5A、突入78A
負荷：ランプ負荷
開閉頻度：６回／分
接触時間：10秒
接触圧：40gr
接点間隔：５mm
開閉回数：35000回迄
試験結果
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to electrical contact materials, and particularly to silver-oxide contact materials. (Prior Art) Silver-cadmium oxide materials have conventionally been widely used as silver-oxide contact materials. However, as cadmium pollution has come to the fore as a social problem, many silver-oxide materials that do not contain cadmium, such as the already known silver-zinc oxide materials, have been replaced by silver-cadmium oxide materials. It has come to be used instead. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) This conventional silver-zinc oxide material has no toxicity problems and therefore poses no risk of causing environmental pollution.
When compared with cadmium oxide materials, it has a defect in that it is inferior in welding resistance, wear resistance, etc., which are important properties for contact materials. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a silver-oxide contact material which does not pose a risk of causing pollution problems and which has the characteristics required for a contact material.
The object of the present invention is to provide a contact material that is comparable to or superior to cadmium oxide materials. (Means and effects for solving the problems) According to the present invention, the alloy contains 1 to 15% by weight of zinc, 0.5 to 5% by weight of antimony, 0.01 to 1% by weight of rare earth elements, and the balance of silver. The above-mentioned problems can be solved and the above-mentioned objects of the present invention can be achieved by using a silver-oxide contact material in which the zinc, antimony and rare earth element components are converted into oxides through internal oxidation treatment. . The reason why the contact material according to the present invention is specified not by its constituent component ratio but by its blended component ratio is that zinc, antimony and rare earth elements (e.g. lanthanum) are converted into ZnO, Sb 2 O 3 and ZnO, Sb 2 O 3 and
This is because although it exhibits the oxide state shown in La 2 O 3 , it is difficult to quantitatively identify it in the form of an oxide. The amount of the auxiliary raw material component in the contact material according to the present invention is limited for the following reasons. Zinc: If the amount is less than 1% by weight, the required properties will drop sharply when used as a contact material, while if the amount is more than 15% by weight, the processability will be significantly reduced. Antimony: If the amount is less than 0.5% by weight, it will not contribute to the improvement of contact properties, and if it is more than 5% by weight, the processability will drop sharply. Rare earth elements: This component is blended to make zinc oxide and antimony oxide fine, spheroidal, and uniformly disperse by utilizing their extremely large affinity for oxygen, thereby improving contact properties. If it is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect will not be clearly expressed, while if it is more than 1% by weight, the oxide will precipitate at the grain boundaries, adversely affecting the properties of the contact material and significantly reducing the workability. It is. (Example) A metal material containing 4% by weight of zinc, 1.5% by weight of antimony, 0.2% by weight of lanthanum, and the balance of silver was loaded into a melting furnace, melted in an argon gas atmosphere, and then made into a wire rod by a conventional wire drawing process. (In this case, lanthanum was loaded into the melting furnace in the form of a master alloy, which had been previously alloyed with silver, since rare earth elements are, as is well known, extremely susceptible to oxidation). Next, the obtained wire rod was subjected to internal oxidation treatment at a temperature of 650 to 800°C, and then processed into a rivet-like contact with a head diameter of 2.5 mm to prepare a test sample. On the other hand, for the silver-cadmium oxide material used as a test control sample, a metal material was dissolved in a proportion of 12% by weight of cadmium and the balance was silver, formed into a wire rod in the same manner as above, subjected to internal oxidation treatment, and then made into a 2.5 mm rivet shape. It was fabricated by processing it into a contact point. Each of these samples was tested under the following conditions to investigate welding resistance, abrasion resistance, contact resistance, and temperature rise, and no significant difference was found between the two in terms of abrasion resistance and contact resistance. However, as shown in the table below, the contact material according to the present invention has significantly better adhesion resistance than the conventional silver-cadmium oxide material, can suppress the temperature rise to a low level, and also has the ability to reduce the amount of damage to the contact area during opening and closing. It was also found that the amount of carbon generated and attached was small. Test conditions Voltage, current: AC120V, steady 5A, inrush 78A Load: lamp load Switching frequency: 6 times/min Contact time: 10 seconds Contact pressure: 40gr Contact spacing: 5mm Number of switches: up to 35,000 times Test results
【表】
尚、本発明による接点材料の製造に際して、亜
鉛成分を10重量％以上配合して得られた合金を伸
線加工する場合には亀裂が生じ、素線を得ること
ができないことが判明した。従つてこの場合には
合金鋳塊をアトマイズ法により粉末化し、この合
金末を650〜800℃で酸化処理し、次いで粉末治金
法により線材化する必要性がある。実施例におい
ては希土類元素としてランタンが合金形成及び入
手性の観点から採用されたが他の希土類元素やそ
の混合物の使用においても同様の効果が得られて
いる。
（発明の効果）
本発明による接点材料は銀−酸化物系接点材料
として最も優れているものとされている銀−酸化
カドミウム材料と比較する場合にも耐溶着性等に
おいてこれを凌駕しており、他の接点特性に関し
てこれに匹敵するものであり、しかもカドミウム
のような環境汚染をもたらす成分を含有していな
いので、本発明は銀−酸化カドミウム材料に代る
べき優れた接点材料を提供すると謂う効果を有し
ている。[Table] In addition, when manufacturing the contact material according to the present invention, it has been found that when wire-drawing an alloy obtained by blending 10% by weight or more of zinc, cracks occur and it is not possible to obtain a wire. did. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to powder the alloy ingot by the atomization method, oxidize the alloy powder at 650 to 800°C, and then form it into a wire rod by the powder metallurgy method. In the examples, lanthanum was used as the rare earth element from the viewpoint of alloy formation and availability, but similar effects can be obtained by using other rare earth elements or mixtures thereof. (Effects of the Invention) The contact material according to the present invention exceeds the silver-cadmium oxide material, which is considered to be the most excellent silver-oxide contact material, in terms of welding resistance, etc. The present invention provides a superior contact material to replace silver-cadmium oxide materials, as it is comparable in terms of other contact properties and does not contain environmentally polluting components such as cadmium. It has the so-called effect.
Claims (1)
重量％、希土類元素が0.01〜１重量％、残部が銀
の割合で合金化させ、その後に内部酸化処理して
上記亜鉛、アンチモン及び希土類元素成分を酸化
物化したものであることを特徴とする、銀−酸化
物系接点材料。1 Zinc: 1-15% by weight, antimony: 0.5-5%
% by weight, rare earth elements are alloyed at a ratio of 0.01 to 1% by weight and the balance is silver, and then subjected to internal oxidation treatment to convert the zinc, antimony and rare earth element components into oxides, Silver-oxide contact material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60118850A JPS61276944A (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Silver-oxide type contact point material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60118850A JPS61276944A (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Silver-oxide type contact point material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61276944A JPS61276944A (en) | 1986-12-06 |
| JPH0533296B2 true JPH0533296B2 (en) | 1993-05-19 |
Family
ID=14746684
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60118850A Granted JPS61276944A (en) | 1985-06-03 | 1985-06-03 | Silver-oxide type contact point material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61276944A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-06-03 JP JP60118850A patent/JPS61276944A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61276944A (en) | 1986-12-06 |
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