JPH0532958U - Water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The objective is to discharge the appropriate temperature water in the hot water tank at a low mixing ratio with the cold water when supplying the cold water. [Structure] A connecting conduit 12 provided with an open pipe body 13 having a trumpet-shaped opening at the tip is arranged in the hot water tank 7, and the connecting conduit 12 is connected to a water tap 22 through a pressure reducing bush 19. From the decompression bush 19 to the open tube body 13
It is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the pipe path up to is widened toward the open pipe body 13 so that the cold water is rectified from a turbulent flow state to a laminar flow and then flows into the hot water tank 7.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an improvement of a water heater that uses a small amount of hot water stored in a place where a relatively small amount of hot water is used, such as hand-washing hot water in a toilet.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, water heaters that use electricity or gas as a heat source in ordinary households have become indispensable for daily maintenance of the body, and their spread is remarkable. The water heater is generally classified into a centralized type and a distributed type. Most of the centralized type stores hot water of several hundred liters at a temperature of about 85 ° C, and is used in places such as kitchens, bathrooms, and washrooms. Etc. are connected by a pipe, and at the time of use, the hot water and cold water are mixed until they reach an appropriate temperature. This centralized water heater is convenient when a large amount of hot water is used, for example, when cooking in the kitchen or washing dishes, and when bathing, hot water of an appropriate temperature can be immediately obtained, but for example, a washbasin. When using a relatively small amount of warm water such as for face washing and hair washing, before using the hot water of the expected temperature after opening the faucet, a considerable amount of unused cold water is released, so water and energy are saved. There was a problem wasting it. Also, this water heater is destined to always operate at high temperature, and it was necessary to continue fatally high waste.

On the other hand, even if a centralized water heater is to be installed in an existing house, hot water is used when it is time-consuming and costly to construct the water heater and the place where the water heater is used. A water heater with an internal volume that corresponds to the amount of hot water used is installed in a place where it is needed (for example, in the cabinet of a sink or under the washbasin) so that it can be supplied with individual hot water, that is, a distributed water heater. Was installed to use hot water. In such a distributed water heater, the hot water conduit is shortened, so hot water of an appropriate temperature can be obtained without opening the faucet and waiting for a long time, so valuable drinking water and energy can be saved considerably. It is convenient.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in the dispersion type water heater, unless the amount of use is limited to a certain extent according to the purpose of use, it becomes difficult to install a large amount of hot water storage due to the installation location. As a result, it is conceivable to increase the hot water temperature at the expense of the amount of hot water stored and to mix hot water and cold water at the proper temperature with a mixing tap when using, but if the mixing tap is operated incorrectly There were still problems that hot water was discharged and burned, and hot and cold water wasted to some extent before the hot water of appropriate temperature was obtained.

In order to avoid the above-mentioned problems, for example, the hot water temperature in the water heater is maintained at a temperature that can be used at all times, and when hot water is used, cold water is supplied into the water heater so that the hot water inside the The water was tapped directly from the faucet without mixing it with hot water. This type of water heater is convenient when it is used for user's hand-washing or face-washing, as it can be obtained immediately by opening the faucet, but when cold water is supplied to the water heater, The amount of hot water in the water heater that was heated to a proper temperature after being mixed with water was reduced to about half of the originally small amount of hot water stored, and the rest was mixed with cold water. As a result, the hot water temperature dropped below the optimum temperature, and it was not possible to efficiently use the optimum temperature water that had been heated and stored at the optimum temperature in the optimum temperature condition.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention enables a large amount of hot water stored to be efficiently discharged and utilized even in a water heater with a small amount of hot water storage, and is a small hot water storage with excellent energy saving effects. It is an object to provide a quantity-dispersion type water heater.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 According to the present invention, a hot water tank for storing appropriate temperature water is formed in a vertically-divided structure in a watertight manner, and in the hot water tank, there is a conical open pipe body that opens like a trumpet toward the bottom side. A water pipe for connection with the connecting conduit is provided in the tank housing housing for housing the hot water tank, and a pressure reducing bush is provided on the upper end surface of the tank housing housing. Is connected to a water tap via a water connection pipe, and the water connection pipe is provided inside the water tap so as to be able to communicate with a water pipe having an opening / closing means for connecting to a water source. A hot water supply system that forms a water supply system for cold water hot water tanks, while hot water that is heated to a temperature that can be used in hot water tanks, is tapped at a tap hole that opens on the top surface of the hot water tank. Connected hot water connection pipe The other end is formed by connecting it to the water tap so that it can communicate with the outlet through a system different from the water supply system, and the cold water that has flowed in the hot water tank is heated to an appropriate temperature by an electric heater installed in the tank. The heated hot water is pushed up to the outside of the tank by the cold water flowing into the hot water tank and is discharged from the water outlet of the water tap as appropriate temperature water.

[0008]

[Action]

 According to the present invention, when the hot water stored in the hot water tank at an appropriate temperature is discharged from the outlet of the hydrant, the hydrant is operated to open the hydrant, and the cold water is connected to the hydrant connection pipe → the water reduction pipe → the connection conduit. Water is passed from the open pipe formed by opening the tip in the shape of a trumpet to the vicinity of the bottom of the hot water tank, and an amount of hot water commensurate with this water flow is pushed from the tap hole in the tank into the tap water connection pipe. The hot water is heated up and discharged from the spout of the faucet.When tapping the appropriate temperature water, when the cold water supply system is connected from the tank housing to the hot water tank, the decompression bush → Since the flow passage cross section of the water supply system gradually expands in the order of water reduction pipe → connecting pipe → open pipe body, the flow velocity of cold water flowing into the hot water tank through the water supply system is remarkable. With the bottom in the hot water tank in the narrowed state Forms a gentle laminar flow, can be diffused-flow into the hot water tank.

That is, since the cold water that has flowed into the hot water tank can be diffused near the bottom of the tank in a laminar flow state with almost no turbulence, the hot water stored in the hot water tank at an appropriate temperature. Since the appropriate temperature water can be pushed up to the outlet port side of the upper part of the hot water tank by the amount of inflow of cold water without being mixed with water, and the appropriate temperature water can be discharged from the outlet of the faucet via the outlet connection pipe. The appropriate temperature water stored in the hot water tank at a usable temperature can be used by tapping at the hot water storage temperature without being mixed with the inflowing cold water. Therefore, even if the hot water storage capacity is small, the appropriate hot water stored in the hot water tank can be used as a water heater that generates hot water for hand washing in a washbasin of a toilet, etc. It can be used efficiently at temperature. Moreover, since the hot water tank can be downsized, the cold water flowing into the hot water tank can be efficiently heated with energy saving.

[0010]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is applied to, for example, a water heater for producing hand-washing water in a toilet will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a wash basin installed in the toilet, and the wash basin of the present invention is generated on the floor 4 of the cabinet 3 for storing a small bowl having the bowl 2 of the wash basin 1 at the upper part thereof. A small capacity water heater 5 is compactly installed. Next, the structure of the water heater 5 will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 6 denotes a tank housing case of the water heater 5, in which a hot water tank 7 surrounded by a heat insulating material (not shown) is housed and installed. The hot water tank 7 has a can body 8 and 8a which is divided into two pieces in the vertical direction, and a flange portion 9 which is formed by extending the outer peripheral edges of the open ends of each of the can bodies 8 and 8a in a watertight manner via a seal member 10 such as packing. By joining and fixing and fixing the collar portion 9 and the tank housing case 6 via the connecting member 11, the tank housing case 6 is drooped and fixed in the tank housing case 6 with a predetermined space therebetween.

Reference numeral 12 is a connecting conduit for circulating cold water which is vertically provided in the hot water tank 7. At its lower end, there is a trumpet-shaped lower part which is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the hot water tank 7 at a constant interval from the bottom surface. With the frustoconical open tube 13 open to the inside, the threaded portion 14 provided on the upper end side is passed through the hole in the upper portion of the can body 8, and the cap nut 15 is screwed into the threaded portion 14. By attaching the connecting conduit 12, the connecting conduit 12 is held in the hot water tank 7 in a hanging manner. Reference numeral 16 is a water reducing pipe that is piped in the tank housing case 6. The lower end of the water reducing pipe 16 is provided with a collar piece 17 that is engaged with the cap nut 15 on the outer periphery and is connected and fixed so as to be able to communicate with the connecting conduit 12. The end is provided with a large-diameter brim edge 18, and is projected from the tank housing case 6 and locked on the tank housing case 6 via the brim edge 18. Numeral 19 is fixed to the brim edge 18 by welding or the like, or is integrally formed with the brim edge 18 and is narrowed to a center portion thereof with a diameter considerably smaller than the inner diameter of the water reducing pipe 16 as shown in FIG. With the pressure-reducing bush formed by piercing the orifice 20, the cold water flowing into the water reducing pipe 16 has its flow velocity suppressed by the orifice 20 and flows in a reduced pressure state. A threaded portion 21 is formed on the outer periphery of the decompression bush 19, and the threaded portion 21 has a larger diameter than the orifice 20 of the decompression bush 19 whose one end is connected to the water tap 22 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, when the flange 24 is placed on the decompression bush 19 and the cap nut 25 is screwed onto the other end of the water supply pipe 23, the water supply connecting pipe 23 communicates with the water reducing pipe 16 and is integrally formed. Can be connected and fixed. Thus, the water supply connecting pipe 23, the decompression bush 19, and the orifice 20 of the decompression bush 19 increase the diameter of the water reducing pipe 16, the connecting pipe 12 having a diameter larger than that of the water reducing pipe 16, and the tip of the trumpet shape. A water supply system A on the cold water supply side is formed by the open pipe body 13 that is opened at the bottom.

Next, referring to FIG. 1, reference numeral 26 denotes a tapping metal fitting having a tapered tap opening 27 that is loosely fitted in a hole opened in the upper portion of the can body 8 of the hot water tank 7. The tapping tap 26 is a tapped tap opening. A portion provided with 27 is fixed in a watertight structure with a brim 28 interposed in the can body 8, and a screw portion 29 is screwed on the outer periphery at a portion protruding from the can body 8 into the tank housing case 6. There is. Like the water reducing pipe 16 of the water supply system A, one end is connected and fixed in the tank housing case 6 to the hot metal fitting 26 by screwing a cap nut 30 and the other end is on the tank housing case 6. The protruding first hot water connection pipe 31 is arranged so as to be able to communicate with the inside of the hot water tank 7, and the upper end of the first hot water connection pipe 31 protruding above the tank housing case 6 has a collar edge. A screw member 33 is fixed to the screw member 33 through a screw 32, and the screw member 33 has a second tap connection pipe 34 whose one end is individually connected to the water supply connection pipe 23 as shown in FIG. By connecting / fixing the ends with the cap nut 35, the first and second hot water connection pipes 31 and 34 are connected / fixed to the hot water tank 7 through the hot water metal fitting 26 so that they can communicate with each other. The first and second hot water outlet connection pipes 31, 34 form a hot water outlet system B. The first and second tap water connection pipes 31, 34 have the same diameter as the water supply connection pipe 23.

The water tap 22 connecting the water supply connection pipe 23 and the second hot water supply connection pipe 34 connects the second hot water supply connection pipe 34 of the hot water supply system B with the discharge port 37 through the currant 36. In the lever handle 38 of the water tap 22, the water connection pipe 23 is connected to the water supply pipe 39 through an opening / closing means (not shown) so that the water supply pipe 39 can communicate with the check valve as shown in FIG. It is connected to the water supply source c via 40 and the water stopcock 41. Reference numeral 42 denotes an electric heater disposed in the hot water tank 7, which is electrically connected to the power cord 44 through a power switch 43 and a safety device such as an automatic temperature controller or an overheat protector (not shown). Reference numeral 45 is a cover body of the tank housing case 6, 46 is a drainage drain provided on the bottom surface of the hot water tank 7, 47 is a drainage pipe of the washbasin 1, and 48 is an AC power outlet.

Next, the operation will be described. In the present example, the temperature of the appropriate temperature water in the hot water tank 7 is constantly set to about 38 ° C. by, for example, an automatic temperature controller so that it can be discharged and used as it is. From an ergonomic point of view, this temperature is comfortable for users of suitable temperature water regardless of whether it is summer or winter, for example, in the case of hand washing, when touching the optimum temperature water at the temperature without feeling any discomfort. It indicates the temperature at which the user feels. Next, the case of tapping the appropriate temperature water in the hot water tank 7 will be described. When tapping water, first, the lever handle 38 of the water tap 22 is rotated in the direction in which the water feed pipe 39 is opened. As a result, the water supply pipe 39 and the water supply connection pipe 23 communicate with each other through the water supply plug 22, and cold water is supplied from the water supply source c to the water supply connection pipe 23 via the water supply pipe 39. The cold water passed through the water supply connecting pipe 23 flows into the water reducing pipe 16 at an increased flow rate while being depressurized by the small-diameter orifice 20 of the pressure reducing bush 19. The cold water flowing into the water reducing pipe 16 is decompressed when it passes through the orifice 20, but the flow velocity is increasing on the contrary, so that when it flows into the water reducing pipe 16, considerable turbulence occurs in the flow. However, since the cross-sectional area of the water reducing pipe 16 is wider than that of the orifice 20, the flow velocity gradually decreases, and accordingly, the turbulence of the flow also gradually decreases. That is, it is rectified and flows into the connecting conduit 12 in the hot water tank 7. Since the cross-sectional area of the connecting conduit 12 is wider than that of the water reducing pipe 16, the inflow speed of the cold water further decreases, so that the cold water flowing in the connecting conduit 12 is almost disturbed. Instead, it will flow in a laminar state. When the cold water flows down from the connecting conduit 12 to the open pipe body 13, the open pipe body 13 has a trumpet-shaped opening at the lower end thereof, so that the flow rate of the cold water further decreases and is diffused into the hot water tank 7. In this state, turbulence can be introduced with almost no turbulence.

As a result, most of the cold water can be allowed to flow into the hot water tank 7 without being mixed with the appropriate temperature water or agitated, while most of the cold water remains in the laminar flow state. Therefore, the appropriate temperature water stored in the hot water tank is naturally pushed out of the hot water tank 7 by a flow rate corresponding to the inflow amount of the cold water from the hot water outlet 27 of the hot water tap fitting 26. The appropriate temperature water pushed out from the hot water tank 7 flows into the first and second hot water outlet connection pipes 31 and 34 as it is, and is discharged from the discharge port 37 via the calan 36 of the water tap 22. At the beginning of the discharge of the appropriate temperature water, the cold water remaining in the first and second tap water connection pipes 31 and 34 is discharged, but the lever handle 38 is operated to set it immediately after about 0.5 seconds. The appropriate temperature water is discharged. Therefore, for example, when washing the toilet after adding it to the toilet, the user can open the lever handle 38 and immediately use the appropriate temperature water having a comfortable temperature to comfortably wash the hand. When the hand washing is completed, the user operates the lever handle 38 in the closing direction to stop the tapping of the appropriate temperature water. That is, the water supply to the hot water tank 7 is stopped.

Next, when water is supplied to the water supply system A, how much (amount) of optimum temperature water is discharged from the hot water supply system B will be described. Since the water heater 5 of the present invention is of a small capacity type in which the effective hot water storage capacity is comparatively small, when water is supplied to the hot water tank 7, the ratio of cold water to be mixed with the appropriate temperature water and stirring of the appropriate temperature water are controlled. It is possible to use the appropriate temperature water efficiently depending on how much the amount is reduced. Therefore, according to the present invention, as described above, the pressure reducing bush 19 is interposed in the water supply system A, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path while the cold water flows from the pressure reducing bush 19 to the opening edge of the trumpet-shaped open pipe body 13 is reduced. Since the water supply system A is configured so as to be gradually widened, the cold water is depressurized when it passes through the orifice 20 of the depressurization bush 19, but the flow velocity is increased conversely and turbulent flow is likely to occur. However, since the cross-sectional area of the water supply system A is gradually widened along the direction in which the cold water flows, the flow velocity of the cold water is gradually decelerated, the turbulent flow is also reduced accordingly, and the cold water reaches the final open pipe body 13. By this time, it becomes possible to allow the laminar flow to flow out into the hot water tank 7 naturally, that is, without causing a turbulent flow. Therefore, the cold water that has flowed into the hot water tank 7 hardly stirs or mixes the suitable temperature water in the warm water tank 7, and the appropriate temperature water is extruded from the hot water outlet 27 as it is and the hot water supply system B Can be delivered to.

With respect to the above points, the inventors of the present invention confirmed the amount of hot water discharged (time) by an experiment by using a water heater using the water supply system A and a water heater in which a water supply pipe is simply inserted in the hot water tank. did. In the experiment, the internal volume of the hot water tank was about 2 liters, the water temperature was 30 ° C., the water discharge rate was 5 l / min, and the temperature of the appropriate hot water was set to about 38 ° C. In the water heater of the present invention using the water supply system A under the above conditions, the hot water of appropriate temperature (38 ° C) is continuously supplied for about 10 seconds after the start of supplying cold water, and the remaining hot water of about 33 to 35 ° C for 5 seconds. Was discharged. On the other hand, in the water heater not having the water supply system A, the hot water tapping time was less than 5 seconds, and the hot water at about 33 to 35 ° C was only discharged for 2 to 3 seconds. It was found from the above experiment that the hot water tank 5 of the present invention is provided with the water supply system A, which makes it possible to relatively lengthen the time for hot water to be tapped, and the internal volume of the hot water tank 7. The point was that even with a small volume, only the appropriate temperature water could be effectively discharged.

This is because when the hot water tank 7 is supplied with water, the pressure of the cold water is reduced to reduce the flow velocity as much as possible, and the cold water is introduced into the hot water tank 7 from the open pipe body 13 in a gentle laminar state. It is considered to be none other than the reason that the appropriate temperature of water is unnecessarily agitated by the outflow and the ratio of cold water to the appropriate temperature of water is small.

[Effect of the device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, the water supply path to the hot water tank is constructed by combining the hot water tank with the water supply system equipped with means for supplying water by naturally weakening the water supply pressure and flow velocity. Since cold water can be smoothly supplied with almost no turbulence or stirring action, even in a water heater with a small internal volume, it is possible to minimize the mixing of the appropriate hot water with the cold water. It can be discharged efficiently and is extremely convenient for use as hand-washing water for toilets. In particular, the water supply system for supplying cold water into the hot water tank can be piped using the empty space of the tank housing that houses the hot water tank, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path is in the cold water supply direction. Since it is configured to gradually expand along the hot water tank, the cold water flowing into the hot water tank does not cause a turbulent flow or the like due to the gentle flow, and can be effectively diffused into the hot water tank to pass water. it can. In addition, since the hot water tank is made compact and lightweight according to the amount of hot water to be stored, the hot water can be generated quickly, and the user is required to mix with cold water or waste it. Since there is no problem of draining water into the room, it is possible to save water effectively, and it is also possible to install it by effectively utilizing the narrow space under the washbasin, etc. as the installation location becomes smaller due to the downsizing. It is economical.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a water heater of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a water heater is connected to a water tap by piping.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a state in which the water heater of the present invention is housed in a cabinet of a wash basin and is attached to the cabinet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Water heater 6 Tank housing 7 Hot water tank 8 Can body 8a Can body 12 Connection conduit 13 Open pipe body 16 Water reduction pipe 19 Decompression bush 22 Water tap 26 Hot water outlet fitting 27 First hot water outlet 31 First hot water connection pipe 34 Second hot water Connection pipe 37 Water spout 38 Lever handle

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A hot water tank in which two can bodies are combined in a split shape to be watertight in a tank housing case is housed. Inside the hot water tank, a lower portion is expanded in a trumpet shape in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the tank. Piping a connecting conduit provided with an open pipe, and connecting this connecting conduit to a water supply source via a pressure reducing bush and a water tap in the middle of the pipe so that water supply and water supply stop can be performed by the water supply plug. A hot water supply system is formed by connecting the hot water tank with a hot water outlet at the upper part of the hot water tank. A water heater characterized by being connected so as to be discharged to form a hot water outlet system. 2. The water heater according to claim 1, wherein the water supply system is formed so that a cross-sectional area of the water supply system from the decompression bush to the tip of the open pipe body is gradually increased.