JPH053202B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH053202B2 JPH053202B2 JP59091832A JP9183284A JPH053202B2 JP H053202 B2 JPH053202 B2 JP H053202B2 JP 59091832 A JP59091832 A JP 59091832A JP 9183284 A JP9183284 A JP 9183284A JP H053202 B2 JPH053202 B2 JP H053202B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sintered body
- sliding
- sintered
- powder
- molded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 6-[(5S)-5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C[C@H]1CN(C(O1)=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006253 pitch coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFGKGUXTPFWHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]acetyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 DFGKGUXTPFWHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101150095744 tin-9.1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Description
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は、主として電気車の高低速用パンタグ
ラフ集電摺板として使用される集電摺動材料の製
造方法に関するものである。
〔発明の背景〕
本発明者の１人は、さきに低速用国鉄在来線な
らびに私鉄パンタグラフ摺板として焼結合金
TC103（特許第419107号、特公昭38−18058号公報
参照）、および高速用国鉄新乾線パンタグラフ摺
板として焼結合金TCK16（特許第509195号、特公
昭42−14286号公報参照）、ならびに寒冷地用パン
タグラフ摺板としてTCCR2（特許第1053072号、
特公昭55−44143号公報参照）などを発明し、従
来から実用に供している。
しかし乍ら、従来から実用化されている前記の
如き電気車用焼結合金製摺板は、約94〜98重量％
の金属を含有しているので、硬銅トロリー線から
離線する際、両者とも主成分が金属であるため大
きなアークを発生しやすく、これにより双方とも
アーク損耗を受けやすく、トロリー線の張替回数
が多くなつたり、摺板の取替頻度が多くなるなど
のおそれがある。また、従来の焼結合金製摺板
は、前記の如くその殆んどが金属であるので、相
手方硬銅トロリー線と摺動する際、金属同志の摺
動に起因する摺動音が高く、このような騒音公害
を極力少なくすることが要望されている。
〔発明の目的〕
本発明は、従来の如き従来技術の問題点を改善
し、硬銅トロリー線に対する追随性が良好であつ
て、自己潤滑性および、耐アーク性、耐摩性に富
み、しかも大集電容量をもち、さらに硬銅トロリ
ー線との摺動音を低くすることができる集電摺動
材料を得ることを目的とする。
〔発明の概要〕
本発明は前記の如き目的を達成するため、天然
黒鉛、人造黒鉛を除く炭素粉と良導電性の金属粉
とを有機系バインダーにて結合せしめたものを加
圧成形し、その成形体を還元雰囲気中において成
形体から金属が溶出しない範囲の高温で焼結し、
かくして得られた焼結体の見掛密度が2.1〜4.0、
電気比抵抗が100〜3000μΩcmとなるように各原
料の配合比および加圧成形条件を設定したことを
特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記の如くして得た焼結体中
に該焼結体の電気比抵抗が増加しない樹脂を含浸
させて防水することを特徴とする。
〔発明の実施例〕
本発明者らは、前記の如き目的を達成せんがた
めに種々実験の結果、天然黒鉛および人造黒鉛を
除く炭素粉単体の焼結体は、トロリー線に対し
て、自己潤滑性、耐アーク性に富み、かつ、摺動
の際低騒音であり、その上、摺動面は鏡面を呈
し、かつ、相手方トロリー線の摺面も鏡面を呈す
ることを知つた。しかし、炭素粉単体の焼結体
は、見掛密度1.65以下、曲げ強さ400Kg／cm2以下、
電気比抵抗6000〜10000μΩcmと高いため、集電
容量が少なく、熱伝導度が低くて、このままでは
電気車用摺板として不適当である。ちなみに、従
来から実用化されている銅系、鉄系の焼結合金
は、密度7.5〜8.0、電気比抵抗15〜30μΩcm、曲
げ強さ4200Kg／cm2以上で、大集電容量をもち、熱
伝導度も高い。
そこで本発明者らは、前記炭素単体の焼結体と
従来から実用化されている焼結合金製摺板のもつ
夫々の特長を組み合せるため、炭素粉と良導電性
の金属粉の混合物により焼結体をつくることを想
到し、実験研究の結果、得られた焼結体の見掛密
度2.1〜4.0、電気比抵抗100〜3000μΩcmの物性を
有するものが電気車摺板としてきわめて優秀な成
績を示すことを確認した。
前記の如き物性を有する焼結体を得るために
は、焼結体中に炭素を23〜75重量％含有させるこ
とが必要であり、このため、炭素粉と金属粉の結
合のためのレジン、ピツチ等の有機系バインダー
が必要である。各原料粉とバインダーの容積比
は、各原料75％、バインダー12〜25％であつて、
バインダーの容積比が12％以下では結合が十分均
等にできず、25％以上では過剰である。また、成
形時の圧力は、前記の如き見掛密度とするため
に、前記炭素粉−金属粉の配合において３〜
6T／cm2程度の高圧が必要である。
本発明において、原料炭素粉に天然黒鉛および
人造黒鉛を使用しない理由は次のとおりである。
前述の如く、本発明の炭素金属焼結体は、炭素
含有量23〜75重量％が必要であり、この量の黒鉛
と金属粉例えば通常用いられる銅粉とを直接また
はバインダーを用いて混合加圧して得た成形体を
還元雰囲気中において焼結した焼結体は、シヨア
硬度30以下から軟らか過ぎ、曲げ強さは300Kg／
cm2以下で弱過ぎ、このものを電気車用摺板として
使用すると、トロリー線と摺動する際段摩耗や異
常摩耗を引き起し、そのためにアークを増発し、
特に降雨時には摺板の摩耗が激増するため、露天
で使用するパンタグラフ摺板として到底使用する
ことができない。従つて、本発明に使用する炭素
粉は天然または人造黒鉛以外の炭素粉、例えば石
炭系ピツチコークス、石油系ピツチコークスを使
用する必要がある。ただし、炭素粉の主体として
前記の如きコークスを使用し、成形体の型離れを
良くするために３重量％以下の黒鉛を添加するこ
とがある。
本発明により得た集電摺動材料である焼結体
は、前述の如く見掛密度2.1〜4.0が必要であり、
4.0以上になると従来の焼結合金製摺板の特性に
次第に近づき、機械的強度は大となるが重さが過
大となつて炭素使用の摺板の特性を失い、トロリ
ー線に対するパンタグラフの追随性が悪くなり、
離線によるアークが発生する。また、見掛密度が
2.1未満になると、電気比抵抗が3000μΩcm以上に
なり、金属の特徴を次第に失つて集電容量が低下
し、かつ熱伝導度が低くなるため摺板の局部的発
熱の原因となる。また、本発明により得た見掛密
度2.1〜4.0の炭素金属焼結体は、シヨア硬度70〜
110、曲げ強さ750〜1100Kg／cm2であつて、摺板と
して必要とする硬度および機械的強度を保持する
ことができる。
なお、機械的強度を更に補強し度い場合には、
トロリー線との摺動面と反対側底部をアルミ板よ
り機械的強度が大きい例えば鉄板、銅板などの良
導電性金属板で包み込むことによつてきわめて簡
易かつ容易に達成することができる。
また、本発明による炭素金属焼結体は、気孔率
を少なくして見掛密度を2.1〜4.0にするため、前
述の如く3T／cm2以上の高圧で加圧成形している
が、降雨が長時間続くと含水重量が７％にも達し
て晴天時に比べると摺板の比摩耗量およびトロリ
ー線の摩耗率が悪化する。このような雨天時にも
耐摩性を向上せしめるためには、前記の如くして
得られた焼結体中に、該焼結体の電気比抵抗がな
るべく増加しないレジンなどを含浸させ、内部ま
で均一に防水加工すれば良い。
本発明により得た炭素金属焼結体は、前述の如
く炭素粉と金属粉とを有機系バインダで結合せし
めたものを加圧成形し、その成形体を焼結するも
のであるから、成分のムラがなく、かつ前述の如
き目的とする製品を任意に製造することができ
る。
以下本発明の具体的実施例を説明する。
実施例 １の１
100メツシユを通過し粒度調整した石炭系ピツ
チコークス粉容積比65％と、100メツシユを通過
し粒度調整した銅粉容積比16％とをレジン容積比
19％で結合させた後、押型で5T／cm2で加圧成形
して25×40×300mmの成形体を３本つくり、その
３本の成形体を還元雰囲気中において1070℃で焼
結し、かくして得られた焼結体の１本をアルコー
ル、レジンの等容積％溶液中に浸漬し、真空含浸
させた後硬化させて内部に至るまで防水した。
実施例 １の２
前記実施例１の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体をそのまま使用する。
実施例 １の３
前記実施例１の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体に５重量％含水させた。
実施例 ２の１
100メツシユを通過し粒度調整した石炭系ピツ
チコークス粉容積比63％と、100メツシユを通過
し粒度調整した銅粉容積比19％をレジン容積比18
％で結合させた後、押型で6T／cm2で加圧成形し
て25×40×300mmの成形体を３本つくり、その３
本の成形体を還元雰囲気中において1070℃で焼結
し、かくして得られた焼結体の１本をアルコー
ル、レジンの等容積％溶液中に浸漬し、真空含浸
させた後硬化させて内部に至るまで防水した。
実施例 ２の２
前記実施例２の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体をそのまま使用する。
実施例 ２の３
前記実施例２の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体に５重量％含水させた。
実施例 ３の１
100メツシユを通過し粒度調整した石油系ピツ
チコークス粉容積比60％と、100メツシユを通過
し粒度調整した銅粉容積比22％をレンジ容積比18
％で結合させた後、押型で5T／cm2で加圧成形し
て25×40×300mmの成形体３本をつくり、その３
本の成形体を還元雰囲気中において1070℃で焼結
し、かくして得られた焼結体のうち１本をアルコ
ール、レジン等容積％溶液中に浸漬し、真空含浸
させた後硬化させて内部に至るまで防水した。
実施例 ３の２
前記実施例３の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体をそのまま使用する。
実施例 ３の３
前記実施例３の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体に５重量％含水させた。
実施例 ４の１
石油ピツチ系コークス粉容積比58％、銅粉容積
比25％、レジン容積比17％とする外は実施例３の
１と同一の方法により３本の焼結体をつくり、そ
のうち１本に対し前記と同一の方法により防水加
工した。
実施例 ４の２
実施例４の１により得た防水加工していない焼
結体をそのまま使用する。
実施例 ４の３
前記実施例４の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体に５重量％含水させた。
実施例 ５の１
石炭系ピツチコークス粉容積比55％、銅粉容積
比29％、レジンの容積比16％とし、かつ、押型の
加圧力を4T／cm2とする外は実施例１の１と同一
の方法により３本の焼結体をつくり、そのうち１
本に対し前記と同一の方法により防水加工した。
実施例 ５の２
実施例５の１により得た防水加工していない焼
結体をそのまま使用する。
実施例 ５の３
前記実施例５の１により得た防水加工していな
い焼結体に５重量％含水させた。
上記各実施例により得た集電摺動材料より10×
10×60mm各10本を切出し、その物理特性を測定し
た。その結果を示すと第１表のとおりである。
次に、前記各実施例により得た集電摺動材料よ
り試験片10×25×90を切出し、その各試験片を回
転式摺動試験機に取付け、押付力５Kg、通電電流
AC30A、摺動速度54KM／Ｈ、450r.p.mで100分
間無潤滑でトロリー線に摺動させた。摺動させた
ときの試験片の比摩耗量（摺板を架線に対し荷重
１Kgで押付け、距離１mm摺動したときの摩耗体積
mm3）と、温度上昇、並びに相手方架線の摩耗厚み
を測定し、トロリー線の摩耗率（トロリー線の摩
耗厚mmをパンタ通過万単位回数で除したもの）
と、架線と摺板に起因する摺動騒音（ホーン）を
示すと第２表のとおりである。
なお、回転式摺動試験機の構造は、国鉄が実用
しているトロリー線GT断面110mm2を円周200cmの
真円に配置し、そのトロリー線に試験片を５Kgの
力で押付けながら左右振幅70mmで摺動させるよう
になつている。従つて、450r.p.mで100分間回転
させると、試験片は45000回トロリー線の同一箇
所を通過することになる。また、トロリー線摩耗
測定は200cm真円の所定８箇所の厚さ摩耗をマイ
クロメータで測定した。
比較例として、先に示した焼結合金製摺板
TC103（成分重量％、錫９、クローム５、燐0.5、
黒鉛2.5、残部銅）を用いた。
騒音計は、回転式摺動試験機に取付けた試験摺
板より1mの位置に据えた。なお、トロリー線と
摺板に起因する騒音ホーン値は、摺板を回転式摺
動試験機に取付けて回転させた時の発生音ホーン
値より、摺板を取付けないで試験機を回転させた
ときの発生音ホーン値を差引いて計算した。ま
た、摺板の上昇温度は摺板の摺動温度より室温を
差引いて計算した。
[Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for producing a current collector sliding material used mainly as a high-speed and low-speed pantograph current collector sliding plate of an electric vehicle. [Background of the Invention] One of the inventors of the present invention previously developed a sintered alloy as a pantograph sliding plate for low-speed Japanese National Railways conventional lines and private railways.
TC103 (see Patent No. 419107, Japanese Patent Publication No. 18058), and sintered alloy TCK16 (see Patent No. 509195, Japanese Patent Publication No. 14286) as a high-speed JNR new dry line pantograph sliding plate, and cold regions. TCCR2 (Patent No. 1053072,
(see Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-44143), and has been put into practical use. However, the above-mentioned sintered alloy sliding plates for electric vehicles, which have been put into practical use to date, have a weight of about 94 to 98% by weight.
Since both contain metals, when separated from the hard copper trolley wire, a large arc is likely to occur since the main component of both is metal, and as a result, both are susceptible to arc wear and the number of times the trolley wire is replaced. There is a risk that the number of parts will increase and the frequency of replacement of the sliding plate will increase. In addition, since most of the conventional sintered metal sliding plates are made of metal as mentioned above, when sliding with the mating hard copper trolley wire, the sliding plate generates high sliding noise due to the sliding of the metals. It is desired to reduce such noise pollution as much as possible. [Object of the Invention] The present invention improves the problems of the conventional technology, has good followability to hard copper trolley wires, has high self-lubricating properties, arc resistance, and wear resistance, and has a large The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a current-collecting sliding material that has a current-collecting capacity and can further reduce the noise of sliding with a hard copper trolley wire. [Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is made by press-molding a carbon powder other than natural graphite or artificial graphite and a highly conductive metal powder bound together with an organic binder, The molded body is sintered in a reducing atmosphere at a high temperature within a range where the metal does not elute from the molded body,
The apparent density of the sintered body thus obtained is 2.1 to 4.0,
It is characterized in that the blending ratio of each raw material and pressure molding conditions are set so that the electrical resistivity is 100 to 3000 μΩcm. Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that the sintered body obtained as described above is impregnated with a resin that does not increase the electrical resistivity of the sintered body to make it waterproof. [Embodiments of the Invention] As a result of various experiments to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have found that a sintered body of carbon powder alone, excluding natural graphite and artificial graphite, has a self-containing effect on the trolley wire. It has been found that it has excellent lubricity and arc resistance, and has low noise during sliding.Moreover, the sliding surface exhibits a mirror surface, and the sliding surface of the mating trolley wire also exhibits a mirror surface. However, the sintered body of carbon powder alone has an apparent density of 1.65 or less, a bending strength of 400Kg/ cm2 or less,
Due to its high electrical specific resistance of 6,000 to 10,000 μΩcm, its current collection capacity is low and its thermal conductivity is low, making it unsuitable as a sliding plate for electric cars. By the way, copper-based and iron-based sintered alloys that have been in practical use have a density of 7.5 to 8.0, an electrical resistivity of 15 to 30 μΩcm, a bending strength of 4200 Kg/cm2 or more, a large current collection capacity, and a high heat resistance. It also has high conductivity. Therefore, in order to combine the respective features of the sintered body of carbon alone and the sintered alloy sliding plate that has been put into practical use, the present inventors developed a mixture of carbon powder and highly conductive metal powder. We came up with the idea of making a sintered body, and as a result of experimental research, we found that the obtained sintered body has physical properties of apparent density 2.1 to 4.0 and electrical resistivity 100 to 3000μΩcm, and has excellent results as an electric wheel slide plate. It was confirmed that In order to obtain a sintered body having the physical properties described above, it is necessary to contain 23 to 75% by weight of carbon in the sintered body, and for this reason, a resin for bonding carbon powder and metal powder, An organic binder such as Pitch is required. The volume ratio of each raw material powder to the binder is 75% of each raw material and 12 to 25% of the binder.
If the volume ratio of the binder is less than 12%, the binding cannot be sufficiently uniform, and if it is more than 25%, it is excessive. In addition, the pressure during molding is set to 3 to 3 in the carbon powder-metal powder mixture in order to obtain the above-mentioned apparent density.
A high pressure of about 6T/cm 2 is required. In the present invention, the reason why natural graphite and artificial graphite are not used in the raw material carbon powder is as follows. As mentioned above, the carbon metal sintered body of the present invention requires a carbon content of 23 to 75% by weight, and this amount of graphite and metal powder, such as commonly used copper powder, are mixed directly or using a binder. The sintered compact obtained by sintering the compact obtained by pressing in a reducing atmosphere has a Shore hardness of 30 or less, which is too soft, and a bending strength of 300 kg/
cm 2 or less, it is too weak and if used as a sliding plate for electric cars, it will cause gradual wear and abnormal wear when sliding on the trolley wire, which will increase the number of arcs.
Especially when it rains, the wear of the sliding plate increases dramatically, so it cannot be used as a pantograph sliding plate for outdoor use. Therefore, the carbon powder used in the present invention needs to be carbon powder other than natural or artificial graphite, such as coal-based pitchcoke or petroleum-based pitchcoke. However, the above-mentioned coke is used as the main component of the carbon powder, and 3% by weight or less of graphite may be added to improve the mold release of the molded product. As mentioned above, the sintered body that is the current collecting sliding material obtained by the present invention needs to have an apparent density of 2.1 to 4.0.
When the value exceeds 4.0, the properties gradually approach those of conventional sintered alloy sliding plates, and the mechanical strength increases, but the weight becomes excessive and the characteristics of carbon-based sliding plates are lost, and the pantograph's ability to follow the trolley wire decreases. becomes worse,
Arcing occurs due to disconnection. Also, the apparent density
When it is less than 2.1, the electrical resistivity becomes 3000μΩcm or more, gradually losing its metallic characteristics, reducing current collection capacity, and lowering thermal conductivity, which causes local heat generation in the sliding plate. Furthermore, the carbon metal sintered body having an apparent density of 2.1 to 4.0 obtained by the present invention has a Shore hardness of 70 to 70.
110, has a bending strength of 750 to 1100 Kg/cm 2 , and can maintain the hardness and mechanical strength required as a sliding plate. In addition, if it is necessary to further strengthen the mechanical strength,
This can be achieved very simply and easily by wrapping the bottom part on the side opposite to the sliding surface with the trolley wire with a highly conductive metal plate, such as an iron plate or a copper plate, which has greater mechanical strength than an aluminum plate. In addition, the carbon metal sintered body according to the present invention is pressure-formed at a high pressure of 3 T/cm 2 or more as described above in order to reduce the porosity and make the apparent density 2.1 to 4.0. If it continues for a long time, the water content reaches 7%, and the specific wear amount of the sliding plate and the wear rate of the trolley wire become worse than when the weather is sunny. In order to improve wear resistance even in such rainy weather, the sintered body obtained as described above is impregnated with a resin or the like that does not increase the electrical resistivity of the sintered body as much as possible, so that the inside is uniformly coated. It should be waterproofed. The carbon-metal sintered body obtained by the present invention is obtained by press-molding carbon powder and metal powder bound together with an organic binder as described above, and then sintering the formed body. There is no unevenness, and the desired product as described above can be manufactured as desired. Specific examples of the present invention will be described below. Example 1-1 The volume ratio of coal-based pitch coke powder, which has passed through 100 meshes and adjusted the particle size, is 65%, and the volume ratio of copper powder, which has passed through 100 meshes and has adjusted the particle size, is 16%, and the resin volume ratio is
After bonding at 19%, three compacts of 25 x 40 x 300 mm were formed by pressure molding at 5T/cm 2 using a press mold, and the three compacts were sintered at 1070℃ in a reducing atmosphere. One of the sintered bodies thus obtained was immersed in a solution of alcohol and resin at equal volume %, vacuum impregnated, and then cured to make the inside waterproof. Example 1-2 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 1-1 is used as it is. Example 1-3 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 1-1 was impregnated with 5% water by weight. Example 2-1 Coal-based pitch coke powder volume ratio of 63%, which has passed through 100 meshes and adjusted particle size, and copper powder volume ratio, which has passed through 100 meshes and has adjusted particle size, is 19%, and resin volume ratio is 18%.
%, then pressure molded with a press mold at 6T/cm 2 to make three molded bodies of 25 x 40 x 300 mm.
The molded body of the book is sintered at 1070℃ in a reducing atmosphere, and one of the sintered bodies thus obtained is immersed in an equal volume percent solution of alcohol and resin, vacuum impregnated, and then hardened to form the inside. Waterproofed throughout. Example 2-2 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 2-1 is used as it is. Example 2-3 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 2-1 was impregnated with 5% by weight of water. Example 3-1 60% volume ratio of petroleum-based pitch coke powder that has passed through 100 meshes and adjusted particle size, and 22% volume ratio of copper powder that has passed through 100 meshes and adjusted particle size, and microwave volume ratio 18%.
%, and then pressure molded with a press mold at 5T/cm 2 to make three molded bodies of 25 x 40 x 300 mm.
The molded body of the book is sintered at 1070℃ in a reducing atmosphere, and one of the sintered bodies thus obtained is immersed in a volume percent solution of alcohol, resin, etc., vacuum impregnated, and then hardened. Waterproofed throughout. Example 3-2 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 3-1 is used as it is. Example 3-3 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 3-1 was impregnated with 5% by weight of water. Example 4-1 Three sintered bodies were made by the same method as in Example 3-1, except that the volume ratio of petroleum pit coke powder was 58%, the volume ratio of copper powder was 25%, and the volume ratio of resin was 17%. One of them was waterproofed using the same method as above. Example 4-2 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 4-1 is used as it is. Example 4-3 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 4-1 was impregnated with 5% by weight of water. Example 5-1 Same as Example 1-1 except that the volume ratio of coal-based pitch coke powder was 55%, the volume ratio of copper powder was 29%, and the volume ratio of resin was 16%, and the pressing force of the press was 4T/cm 2 . Three sintered bodies were made by the same method, one of which
The book was waterproofed using the same method as above. Example 5-2 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 5-1 is used as it is. Example 5-3 The unwatertight sintered body obtained in Example 5-1 was impregnated with 5% by weight of water. 10× from the current collector sliding material obtained in each of the above examples.
Ten pieces each of 10 x 60 mm were cut out and their physical properties were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Next, 10 x 25 x 90 test pieces were cut out from the current collecting sliding material obtained in each of the above examples, and each test piece was attached to a rotary sliding tester, with a pressing force of 5 kg and a current applied.
The trolley wire was slid at AC30A, sliding speed 54 KM/H, and 450 rpm for 100 minutes without lubrication. Specific wear amount of the test piece when sliding (wear volume when the sliding plate is pressed against the overhead wire with a load of 1 kg and slid a distance of 1 mm)
mm 3 ), the temperature rise, and the wear thickness of the other party's overhead wire, and the wear rate of the trolley wire (the wear thickness of the trolley wire divided by the number of times the pantograph passes in 10,000 units).
Table 2 shows the sliding noise (horn) caused by the overhead wires and sliding plates. The structure of the rotary sliding testing machine is that a trolley wire GT cross section of 110 mm 2 , which is used by Japanese National Railways, is arranged in a perfect circle with a circumference of 200 cm, and the test piece is pressed against the trolley wire with a force of 5 kg while measuring the left and right amplitude. It is designed to slide at 70mm. Therefore, if the test piece is rotated at 450 rpm for 100 minutes, it will pass through the same point on the trolley wire 45,000 times. In addition, the wear of the trolley wire was measured by measuring the thickness wear at 8 predetermined locations of a 200 cm perfect circle using a micrometer. As a comparative example, the sintered metal sliding plate shown earlier
TC103 (component weight%, tin 9, chromium 5, phosphorus 0.5,
2.5% graphite, balance copper) was used. The sound level meter was placed 1 m from the test sliding plate attached to the rotary sliding testing machine. In addition, the noise horn value caused by the trolley wire and sliding plate is higher than the noise horn value generated when the sliding plate is attached to a rotary sliding test machine and rotated, and when the test machine is rotated without the sliding plate attached. Calculated by subtracting the value of the horn generated at the time. Further, the temperature rise of the sliding plate was calculated by subtracting the room temperature from the sliding temperature of the sliding plate.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、トロリー
線に対する追随性が良好であつて、自己潤滑性、
耐アーク性、耐摩性に富み、しかも大集電容量を
もち、さらにトロリー線との摺動音を低くするこ
とができるので、電気車用集電摺動材料として誠
に有益である。
As described above, according to the present invention, the ability to follow the trolley wire is good, and the self-lubricating property and
It has excellent arc resistance and abrasion resistance, has a large current collection capacity, and can reduce the noise of sliding with the trolley wire, so it is very useful as a current collection sliding material for electric cars.
添付図面は、本発明により得た集電摺動材料の
補強例を示すもので、第１図は平面図、第２図は
第１図のＡ−Ａ断面図である。
The accompanying drawings show an example of reinforcing the current collector sliding material obtained according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1.
Claims (1)
の金属粉とを有機系バインダーにて結合せしめた
ものを加圧成形し、その成形体を還元雰囲気中に
おいて成形体から金属が溶出しない範囲の高温で
焼結し、かくして得られた焼結体の見掛密度が
2.1〜4.0、電気比抵抗が100〜3000μΩcmとなるよ
うに各原料の配合比および加圧成形条件を設定し
たことを特徴とする集電摺動材料の製造方法。 ２ 天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛を除く炭素粉と良導電性
の金属粉とを有機系バインダにて結合せしめたも
のを加圧成形し、その成形体を還元雰囲気中にお
いて成形体から金属が溶出しない範囲の高温で焼
結して見掛比重2.1〜4.0、電気比抵抗100〜3000μ
Ωcmの物性を有する焼結体とし、しかる後その焼
結体中に該焼結体の電気比抵抗がなるべく増加し
ない樹脂を含浸させて防水したことを特徴とする
集電摺動材料の製造方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. Carbon powder other than natural graphite or artificial graphite and highly conductive metal powder are bonded together using an organic binder and then pressure molded, and the molded product is molded in a reducing atmosphere. The apparent density of the sintered body thus obtained is
2.1 to 4.0, and the method for producing a current collector sliding material, characterized in that the blending ratio of each raw material and pressure molding conditions are set so that the electrical resistivity is 100 to 3000 μΩcm. 2 Pressure molding of carbon powder other than natural graphite or artificial graphite and highly conductive metal powder bonded with an organic binder, and the molded product within a range in which the metal does not elute from the molded product in a reducing atmosphere. Sintered at high temperature to produce apparent specific gravity 2.1~4.0 and electrical resistivity 100~3000μ
A method for manufacturing a current collector sliding material, characterized in that the sintered body is made into a sintered body having physical properties of Ωcm, and then the sintered body is impregnated with a resin that minimizes the increase in the electrical resistivity of the sintered body to make it waterproof. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59091832A JPS60238402A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1984-05-10 | Production of sliding material for current collection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59091832A JPS60238402A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1984-05-10 | Production of sliding material for current collection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60238402A JPS60238402A (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| JPH053202B2 true JPH053202B2 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
Family
ID=14037569
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59091832A Granted JPS60238402A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1984-05-10 | Production of sliding material for current collection |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60238402A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0699723B2 (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1994-12-07 | テック大洋工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of metal molding |
| JP2916038B2 (en) * | 1992-04-09 | 1999-07-05 | 帝国カーボン工業株式会社 | Method for producing carbon-based current collector sliding material |
| CN103482979B (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-04-01 | 常州神驰轨道装备有限公司 | Preparing method for collector shoe |
-
1984
- 1984-05-10 JP JP59091832A patent/JPS60238402A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60238402A (en) | 1985-11-27 |
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